DE10025925B4 - Side door of a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Side door of a motor vehicle, in particular passenger vehicle, which is pivotable up to a certain angle to achieve an open position in a rotary joint (1), wherein the rotary joint (1) has a pivot axis (2) and an outer on the pivot axis (2) rotatably mounted joint sleeve (4) and between the pivot axis (2) and the joint sleeve (4) is provided a guide means (5) for the rotational movement and simultaneous axial movement of the joint sleeve (4) along the pivot axis (2), characterized in that the pivot axis (2 ) is fixed to the body and the joint sleeve (4) fixed to the door (3) and the guide means (5) is formed such that when opening the door (3) impressed rotational movement of the joint sleeve (4) in the simultaneous axial movement of Joint sleeve (4) for a free pivoting of the door (3) is implemented by the vehicle structure.

Description

The invention relates to a side door of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

In such an off DE 196 39 663 A1 known side door is generated by means of a piston-cylinder unit, which is provided in a body-mounted bearing of the side door, a required to open the side door auxiliary power which is introduced via the two relatively displaceable piston sections existing piston in the axial direction of the pivot bearing for opening the side door becomes. In this case, first of all the one piston section and the side door are moved sideways against rotation and then a pivoting movement of the piston section is imposed on a stroke movement of the second piston section connected to the side door in that the second piston section is in screw connection with a cylinder-fixed cylinder. The force required for pivoting the side door is thus transmitted via the rotary joint formed by the second piston section and the body-mounted cylinder.

At one off DE 197 38 825 A1 known side door is provided to achieve an open position anchored at a small distance in front of the A-pillar on the body pivot. The swivel joint has a body-fixed swivel joint axis which runs obliquely with respect to the vehicle transverse axis and an outer joint sleeve fixedly connected to the door and which is rotatably mounted on the joint axis.

Out DE 20 11 307 C3 a side door for a motor vehicle is known in which the hinge is formed by a body-mounted pivot pin, wherein the door is connected to a sliding ring which can slide on a sleeve but can not rotate, wherein the sleeve in turn rotatably on the pivot pin, but not axially is slidably mounted. This transverse movement of the door is made by sliding the sliding ring on the sleeve and the rotation of the door is caused by the rotation of the sleeve about the pivot pin.

Furthermore, from the FR 2 694 244 A1 and the DE 43 19 662 A1 Vehicles known in which the side doors are pivotable about an approximately horizontal axis. Before pivoting the side doors are disengaged from the body level.

The object of the invention is to provide an aforementioned side door, in which a controlled opening movement is achieved by simple means.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1, wherein advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

In the invention, to open the side door, which thereby executes both an axial movement along the pivot axis and a pivoting upward, ensured in a simple manner that between the pivot axis and the joint sleeve, a guide device is provided which the rotational movement of the joint sleeve in a converts additional axial movement along the pivot axis. This makes it possible to realize a simple, robust kinematics, in which the guide device has intermeshing guide elements, which are preferably fixedly arranged on the pivot axis and on the joint sleeve. For example, a first guide element may form an axial component and a guide path defining a rotation, along which a second guide element is guided. In a preferred manner, the first guide element, which constitutes the guide track, can engage in the guide track on the articulated sleeve and the second guide element as a projection protruding into the guide track with friction-reducing means, such as a roller rotatably mounted on the guide element, and guided therein.

This achieves both a harmonious opening and closing function, which also guarantees a high long-term quality.

The hinge, which has the additional axial displacement function, is preferably provided in the lower portion of the A-pillar and connected to the front lower portion of the door.

Due to the present invention simultaneous axial movement and rotational movement, which is effected by the rotary joint, one achieves a free-pivoting of the vehicle structure even with an open door. For this purpose, the rotary joint can generate an axial movement of approximately 40 to 60 mm and in particular approximately 50 mm.

In the case of an incised frameless door, it is advantageous to lower the door pane from its rear hook in the acoustic seal in advance of the opening operation. For this purpose, a slight reduction of, for example, about 20 mm is sufficient to produce freedom of movement.

When the door is opened, the trailing edge of the door preferably swings upward by 90 °. However, it can also be pivoted beyond, for example, by 100 °. The door center of gravity is preferably placed so that even after a small swivel angle, this is pivoted beyond the swivel joint axis to the vehicle front side. It then achieves a stable positioning of the door even with minimal pivoting height up to the end stop.

To increase the ease of use can be supported by an energy storage, especially mechanical energy storage, such as a spring, the opening process. When closing the door of the energy storage is powered by the gravity of the door again. By a slight excess of force in the energy storage, the opening process can be automated and the end position of the door in the open position can be additionally stabilized. A door parking brake to form a detent position may be provided.

Due to the pivoting up the access opening of the vehicle can be fully exposed even in very cramped lateral traffic areas. Both the opening and the closing of the door is generated by a harmonic motion, which is not required due to the derivation of the axial movement from the rotational movement with the aid of the explained guide means a foreign power assistance. This also makes it easy to realize a fully automatic door function. With appropriate determination of the length of the door leaf, the approach can be facilitated to the rear, so that if necessary can be dispensed with a four-door embodiment of the vehicle.

In an advantageous manner, at least one hinge can additionally be provided between the side door and the body, which defines a lateral opening movement of the door about a hinge axis, as is the case with conventional side doors. By this additional hinge, it is possible to expose the access opening to the vehicle either the door up to pivot around the hinge or to move the door in a conventional manner to the approximately parallel to the A-pillar or vertical hinge axis in an opening position.

Preferably, however, the hinge is locked in the normal driving operation by a hinge lock against an opening movement. Only in a crash, the hinge lock, for example, caused by the signal of a crash sensor, solved.

If, after an accident, the pivoting of the side door about the pivot is not or only insufficiently possible because the vehicle is, for example, in a roof position, the side door can be opened by a lateral pivoting movement about the hinge axis.

For this purpose, the additional hinge between the hinge and the body can be provided. However, it is also possible to arrange the additional hinge between the hinge and the door.

Based on the figures, the invention will be explained in more detail by embodiments.

It shows

1 in perspective an embodiment of the invention with the side door closed;

2 the embodiment of 1 in the open position of the side door;

3 a in the embodiment of 1 and 2 provided emergency hinge in locked state;

4 the emergency hinge of the 3 with lock unlocked; and

5 a side view of the vehicle body open side door.

In the 1 and 2 is of a door designed as a revolving door 3 a motor vehicle only the lower front door part shown, which directly with a hinge 1 connected is. The swivel joint 1 has a swivel joint axis 2 which has a mounting bracket 6 in normal driving, as will be explained in detail, is arranged in the body of the vehicle at the bottom of an A-pillar of the vehicle. The swivel joint axis 2 may be slightly inclined upwards or downwards relative to the horizontal longitudinal plane of the motor vehicle. Furthermore, it may have an angle relative to the vehicle transverse axis, depending on the vehicle structure in the door area. The swivel joint axis 2 is formed by an inner circular cylindrical outer surface having a hinge part. On the circular cylindrical outer surface of the swivel joint axis 2 is rotatable a joint sleeve 4 stored, with which the door 3 is firmly connected. The joint sleeve 4 is also on the circular cylindrical outer surface of the pivot axis 2 Slidably mounted in the axial direction. For this purpose acts between the pivot axis 2 and the joint sleeve 4 a leadership facility 5 which the the joint sleeve 4 when opening the door impressed rotational movement in an additional axial movement along the pivot axis 2 implements. In the illustrated embodiment owns the guide device 5 a first guide element 15 in the form of a guideway, which in the jacket of the joint sleeve 4 is formed. The guideway extends within a certain angular range about the pivot axis 2 along a spiral. The angular range within which the helical path of the first guide element 15 runs, determines the swing angle, with which the door 3 can be brought up into the open position ( 5 ). In the illustrated embodiment, this pivot angle can be 90 ° and more, for example, 100 °.

The management device 5 has a second guide element 16 in the form of a at the pivot axis 2 fastened projection, in the guideway of the first guide element 15 protrudes. On the second guide element 16 can, as in the 1 and 2 shown is a role 7 be provided to a low-friction guide in the helical path of the first guide element 15 to reach. Furthermore, in a preferred manner, two first and second guide elements 15 and 16 diametrically opposed to the joint sleeve 4 and the hinge axis 2 are arranged to form the guide device 5 provided, like out 2 is recognizable.

Through this guiding engagement of the respective two guide elements 15 . 16 when turning the joint sleeve 4 at the same time an axial displacement along the pivot axis 2 generated. As a result, the joint sleeve 4 and the door firmly attached to it 3 shifted laterally outwards with respect to the vehicle body. In this case, when the side door is opened, free pivoting takes place from the vehicle surrounding the door in the closed state. In the illustrated guide device 5 it is a preferred embodiment. Of course, the two guide elements can be arranged reversed, ie, the first guide element with the web guide is located on the pivot axis 2 forming the hinge part and the second projecting into the guideway of the first guide member second guide member is located on the joint sleeve 4 ,

To improve the ease of use, a force accumulator may preferably be provided in the form of a spring force accumulator in the rotary joint. The energy accumulator is supported at its one end on the pivot axis 2 and at the other end to the joint sleeve 4 from.

When swiveling up into the in 5 shown open position, the joint sleeve rotates 4 around the pivot axis 2 by the through the helical guideway of the first guide element 15 predetermined angular range, which can be up to 100 °. The door center of gravity is already moving over the swivel joint axis after a short swivel angle 2 towards the front of the motor vehicle. By the helical guide element 15 also becomes an axial movement of the joint sleeve 4 and the door firmly attached to it 3 on the hinge axis 2 causes. This axial movement can be about 50 mm outwards. In this opening movement, the pivot moves from the in the 1 position shown in the in 2 shown position.

In the 3 and 4 is a hinge 8th shown to that of hinged eyelets 14 included hinge axis 9 , which may be formed by a bolt, a lateral opening of the door is made possible. In normal driving is the lateral opening movement of the door 3 around the hinge axis 9 through a hinge lock 10 blocked. This lock can be released, for example, caused by a signal of a crash sensor, so that the turning of the door after an accident when the vehicle is, for example, in a roof position, is possible to the side. In the illustrated embodiment, the one hinge bracket 11 firmly with the lower area of the A-pillar 13 connected and the other hinge hanger 12 with a mounting bracket 6 at which the pivot axis 2 is attached. During normal driving, the rigid connection between the pivot axis 2 and the vehicle body through the closed hinge lock 10 guaranteed ( 3 ). The 4 shows the situation with open hinge lock, in which, as already explained, the hinge lobe 12 around the hinge axis 9 and the over the swivel 1 associated door can be swung laterally outwards.

Advantageously, the additional hinge 8th may also be designed as a bow hinge, optionally optionally preset by a further adjustable side pivotal movement of the door by the driver about the at least one additional hinge or the rotational movement of the door substantially in a vertical plane.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

swivel

2

Pivot axis

3

door

4

joint sleeve

5

guide means

6

mounting bracket

7

role

8th

hinge

9

hinge axis

10

hinge lock

11

hinge bracket

12

hinge bracket

13

A column

14

hinge loops

15

first guide element

16

second guide element

Claims (14)

Side door of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger vehicle, which is used to reach an open position in a rotary joint ( 1 ) is pivotable upwards by a certain angle, wherein the rotary joint ( 1 ) a pivot axis ( 2 ) and an outer on the pivot axis ( 2 ) rotatably mounted joint sleeve ( 4 ) and between the pivot axis ( 2 ) and the joint sleeve ( 4 ) a management facility ( 5 ) for the rotational movement and simultaneous axial movement of the joint sleeve ( 4 ) along the pivot axis ( 2 ) is provided, characterized in that the pivot axis ( 2 ) is body-fixed and the joint sleeve ( 4 ) firmly with the door ( 3 ) and that the management device ( 5 ) is designed such that when opening the door ( 3 ) impressed rotational movement of the joint sleeve ( 4 ) in the simultaneous axial movement of the joint sleeve ( 4 ) for a free-pivoting of the door ( 3 ) is implemented by the vehicle structure. Side door according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide device ( 5 ) interlocking guide elements ( 15 . 16 ), which at the pivot axis ( 2 ) and the joint sleeve ( 4 ) are arranged. Side door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a first guide element ( 15 ) is formed as an axial movement component and a rotational component predetermining guide track, along which a second guide element ( 16 ) is guided. Side door according to claim 3, characterized in that the first guide element ( 15 ) on the joint sleeve ( 4 ) and the second guide element ( 16 ) at the pivot axis ( 2 ) are provided. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the joint sleeve ( 4 ) in the direction of the opening movement an energy storage ( 7 ) acts. Side door according to claim 5, characterized in that the energy accumulator is a mechanical, in particular spring energy storage. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that during the opening movement of the door center of gravity via a vertically above the pivot axis ( 2 ) lying position in the direction of the vehicle front side is pivotable. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the pivot angle of the opening movement is about 90 ° or more, in particular 100 °. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the axial movement of the joint sleeve ( 4 ) is about 40 to 60 mm, in particular 50 mm. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the door pane is lowered before the opening movement of its Hinterhakung. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the door ( 3 ) and the body additionally at least one hinge ( 8th ) is provided, which about a hinge axis ( 9 ) a lateral opening movement of the door ( 3 ) Are defined. Side door according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the door ( 3 ) optionally by pivoting up around the pivot axis ( 6 ) or by pivoting laterally about the hinge axis ( 9 ) is movable in an open position. Side door according to claim 11, characterized in that the additional hinge ( 8th ) in normal driving against an opening movement by a hinge lock ( 10 ) is locked, which is solved in a crash. Side door according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the additional hinge ( 8th ) between a body part ( 13 ) or the door ( 3 ) and the swivel joint ( 1 ) is arranged.

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