DD277833A1 - MEANS FOR INCREASING THE STRESSTOLERANCE OF CULTURAL PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to compositions for increasing the stress tolerance of crop plants, in particular for increasing the salt tolerance of cereal plants in the seedling stage. As active ingredient, these agents contain a p-Chlorphenoxyessigsaeure-b-aminoethyl ester of the general formula I or its salts with mineral acids, wherein for R1 and R2 hydrogen (H) or methyl (CH3) radicals may be. Formula I

Description

(Formula!)

where R ₁ and R _{2 may be} hydrogen (H) or methyl (CH ₃ ) radicals.

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a means for increasing the Strcßtoleranz of crops. It may have been particularly applied to improve crop tolerance to abiotic stressors in agricultural crop production.

Characteristic of the known state of the art

It is known that yield depressed ion is primarily caused by physiological dryness. In addition, o ^{1 of the} total 1 billion hectares of arable land in the world have yield-reducing salinity in the soil substrate. Even in humid climates, the salt concentration in the groundwater during temporary drought, especially at high mineral fertilization, increases to plant physiologically unfavorable levels. Particularly sensitive to salt are known to be germinating plants and young plants. To mitigate these ertragssenkendon salt effects, for example, soil treatments are made with gypsum, but which are associated with an enormous transport and energy costs. It is also known to solve the salt problem by breeding salt-tolerant plants. Significant successes have not yet been achieved in this way abor. By Einsat / of phytohormones and synthetic Wirkungsanaloga dor phytohormones are known improvements possible (DD-PS 218260, DD-PS 217408, DDPS 217409 and DD-PS 217410). Even with the application of growth-regulating acting quaternary ammonium bases is known to increase the plant salt tolerance achievable (OO-PS 215686, DDPS 215688). However, the action of the phytohormones and synthetic growth regulators is inadequate under certain conditions. The ineffectiveness of gibberellins and cytokinins with phytohormone character is based inter alia on the fact that these substances increase the transpiration at the same time and thereby the water status stability of the plants is lowered. When applying dos growth summer chlorocholine chloride, the threshold of growth-inhibiting influences has been exceeded under salt conditions, so that then no yield advantages result by Mittolcinsatz. Forner are the production of phytohormones very costly around) the use of chlorocholine chloride is associated with toxicological problems. Toxicologically unfavorable also saltsstreßabwschwächende Hydroxylaminderivato (DD-PS 216159) are to be evaluated. By using brassinolide, the salt solubility, resistance to cold and resistance to herbicides in crop plants can be increased while avoiding toxicological disadvantages (JPP 60-113667, DE-OS 3533633). At the same time in individual plant experiments under certain conditions, the biological production of cereals and potatoes is increased with greater significance than phytohormones (DEOS 35J3633, JP-PS 57-118503). However, this increase in revenue is not clearly effective due to the high cost of drugs. A salt tolerance improvement, which is coupled at the same time with a yield-increasing water balance optimization, is achieved by biogone and synthetic ethanolamines on individual plants and in field crops (DD-PS 255871, DD-PS 15 * W), the application rates correspond to conventional standards for growth regulators and the molar biological Activity does not exceed default values. From the point of view of environmental hygiene, however, high biological effects should be aimed at at low cost. The fatty acid mixtures of microbial origin used according to DD-PS 226471 had a very different fatty acid spectrum depending on the batch, so that different biological effects were determined.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is os to provide means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops, in particular to increase the salt and drought tolerance, which are inexpensive to produce and have toxicologically favorable properties and are safe in terms of environmental protection.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention is based on the object. To develop means for increasing the stress tolerance of crop plants, in particular for increasing the tolerance of cereal plants in the stress-sensitive seedling stage, the application of which leads to stabilization of crop development and yield formation and exhibits significant biological activity at low dose.

The object is achieved in that means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as the active ingredient a p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid ß-aminoethyl ester of the general formula I or its salts with mineral acids,

(Formula I)

where R, and R _{2 may be} hydrogen (H) or methyl (CH ₃ -) Resto.

AuKführungsbei3piole example 1 Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of spring barley under salt stress

Studies on seedling growth have been made in Petri dishes. For this purpose, the seeds of summer barley (cv. Salome) were either swollen for 5 hours in deionized water or in saline solutions. Before dosing with grains, the agents according to the invention were added to distilled water and the salt solution. In Paralleluntersuchungon grains have been pre-swollen without the addition of the inventive compositions. Following the addition of dioxin, the grains were placed on damp filter paper in Petri dishes. The determination of coimling growth was successful in sowing the seeds into the Petri dishes (culture at 23 ° C and 100% relative humidity in a darkroom).

From the investigations with the agents according to the invention (Tabello 1), the salt stress was greatly attenuated by the application of the uricin-containing agents and thus a seedling growth comparable to the non-stressed variants was to be ascertained. The biological effect was achieved with respect to the comparison substance monoethanolamine with much lower expenditure Rnengon.

Table I: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of spring barley under salt stress

medium dose Seedling growth with salt stress ² ' without salt stress (Rel.) (minor) (Rel.) a) according to the description ΐ 13 R, + R ₂ : H MO ⁵ 98 118 · MO ⁴ 97 115 R, ♦ R ₂ : CHj MO ^b 101 119 · MO ⁴ 100 b) Comparison Test Guideline 118 * Monoethanolamine MO ³ 97 c) without funds 100 control - 100 (63ΠΙΟ / 10ΡΠ.) (72 mg / 10Pfl.)

Hi Hi ♦ R; (H or CHj according to the general formula I 2) Sal / Korventration: 0.3 Ό NaCl and 0.15 °. KCI •: α · 0.05

Example 2 The influence of the inventive agent on the germination of wheat grains under Salzstrass

By experimentation with staggered NaCI concentration (from 0 to 1.5% NaCl in Δ 0.25% steps), diojenigo salt concentration was determined in which 50% of the Saa'gutes were still germinable. The experiment was carried out as follows:

1. Vorquellen the seed in aqueous solutions with staggered NaCl concentration and Aquadest the experimental complex was divided into 2 groups:

a) without funds

b! inventive agent.

? .. Lay out the pre-swollen grains in darkroom at 23X and 100% relative humidity over 48h. The investigations showed that

- d ^; e critical concentration (C _w ) without addition of inventive agent at 1.0% NnCl

- The Cio value with the addition of p-phenoxyacetic acid-ß-dimothylaminoethylesftf hydrochloride (1 10 ⁴ mol / l) to 1.25% NaCl increase.

Claims (1)

Claim: Agent for increasing the stress tolerance of crop plants, in particular for increasing the salt tolerance of cereal plants in the seedling stage, characterized in that they contain as active ingredient a p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid β-aminoethyl ester of the general formula I or its salts with mineral acids as well as customary excipients and carriers, ^{L <~} 0- CH ₁ -CH ₁ -N ^ f