DD201571A5 - FOUR-SIDED FRAME FOR LOWER FLOOR TROLLEYS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a four-axle bogie for low-floor vehicles with two each bearing two sets of wheels, H-shaped frame, which are pivotally connected to a cross-beam and the pivot bearing of the bogie receiving main carrier. While the iel in the improvement of the running properties is seen even in bad track and in reducing the signs of wear, the task is to ensure a uniform distribution of axle loads even with bad track and in conjunction with a mechanical or hydraulic balancing device also use for extreme ramping and ferry service. This is achieved essentially by the fact that in a bogie of the type mentioned according to the invention the carriage body is mounted by means of a rigidly attached to him diving pin on the cross member, that the crossbar facing ends of the longitudinal beams of the H-shaped frame by a respective horizontal axis directly or are pivotally hinged to the crossbars wiping a two-armed lever and that in a conventional manner, the vehicle body is supported on each longitudinal member by means of a respective support spring. Fig.2

Description

0-3 2 5 92 1 - ^λ '

L · y> ι- ** ^w .. * · Berlin, 3.12.1981

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Four-axle bogie for low-floor vehicles Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a four-axle bogie for low-floor cars, with two each bearing two sets of wheels, H-shaped frame, which are hingedly connected to a cross-beam forming and receiving the pivot bearing of the bogie main carrier.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

By DB-OS 1 605 094 a wheel frame for low-built railway cars has become known, in which two Η-frame connected by means of a common joint and supported by springs on a central cross member ·

The AT-PS 305 360 shows a four-axle bogie with two H-shaped frame for two axes and a main carrier, with which the Η frame are hinged. In this construction, the main frame or main beam is H-shaped and includes with the ends of its legs articulated the transverse webs of the H frame.

Mechanical and hydraulic balancers are also known per se. Thus, DE-PS 439 045 eia base for railroad cars, in which the one ends of each two connected with their other ends to a respective longitudinal compensation lever axle springs of a Radsatzpaares are connected by parts such that a

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Excessive load of a spring evenly distributed on both springs.

Further, the AT-PS 325 663 discloses a device for balancing the axle pressures on a chassis of a rail vehicle with two alternately acted pneumatic or hydraulic pressing elements for transmitting ever a substantially downward balancing force on the front or the rear end of the chassis, the two .Druckelemente are each connected via a pressure line.

Finally, DE-OS 2 317 562 shows a rail bogie, with four sets of baths, two of which are supported on both sides of the vehicle by longitudinal balance lever interconnected axle springs on the chassis frame, wherein on a vehicle side, the longitudinal compensation levers on the chassis frame are vertically adjustable and balanced by a hydraulic system.

All known constructions are in connection with bogies of a different design than the invention, so that other driving characteristics of the bogie than with the proposals according to the invention are achieved with the known constructions.

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to achieve good running properties and to reduce the signs of wear even in the case of a bad track.

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Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a four-axle bogie for low-floor cars with two each two axles bearing H-shaped frame, which are hingedly connected to a cross-beam forming and the Drehlageruag of the bogie receiving main carrier, which provides a uniform wedging the axle loads guaranteed even with bad track and where the proposed bogie with a mechanical or hydraulic compensation device should also be suitable for extreme ramps and for the ferry.

This object is achieved in that in a bogie of the type mentioned according to the invention the car body is mounted by means of a rigidly attached to him diving pin on the cross member that the crossbars facing ends of the longitudinal beams of the H-shaped frame to each have a horizontal axis directly or under Intermediate a two-armed lever are pivotally hinged to the crossbar and that in a conventional manner the vehicle body is supported on each side member by means of a respective suspension spring.

In this bogie has been shown that even with unfavorable driving style no axle errors arise because both sides of the bogie are braked evenly, which no one-sided load can occur, regardless of whether the storage of H-Bahmen done through the intermediary of a two-armed lever or not.

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Advantageously, the abutment in the direction of travel successively located suspension springs by a z. B. connected as a pull or push rod compensating device connected. Here, the abutment can be formed in a known manner as a piston of hydraulic cylinders which are connected by a compensation line.

The bogie is further characterized by the fact that on each longitudinal member of the H-shaped frame a pivotable about a horizontal axis' support lever is provided as an abutment for each suspension spring and that the support lever each bogie longitudinal side are connected by a respective compensating device.

According to a further feature, the storage for the dipping pin in a known manner in the manner of a ball joint is formed on all sides pivotally.

A further modification of the bogie provides that the H-shaped frame are torsionally soft and that the Eahmen on the axle bearings for the wheelsets in a known manner yielding, z. B. with the interposition of rubber plates o · dgl supported.

Another feature of the bogie is that each support lever is attached to a running parallel to the axles shaft, that a balance lever is seated on each shaft and that the balancing levers are coupled on each bogie side by the balance bar.

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According to the invention, a vibration damper is arranged between the tension rod or push rod and the bogie. Finally, the bogie is also characterized in that each compensating lever is connected to a displaceable in a cylinder attached to the frame of the bogie piston, that the cylinders of each bogie longitudinal side in a conventional manner by a pressure line in communication.

Exemplary embodiments

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings, which illustrate three embodiments of the bogie according to the invention,

Bs show:

Fig. 1: a simplified side view of the bogie ι

Fig. 2: the associated plan view, with omitted parts;

FIG. 3 shows the detail A of FIG. 2 in a modified embodiment; FIG.

4 shows an embodiment of the bogie with compensation device in a simplified representation in side view.

Fig. 5s the associated plan view;

Fig. 6: a modified construction of FIG. 4-, and the

Fig. 7 and 8: the behavior of the balancing device

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when driving over a slope beginning *

The main carrier of the bogie is designated 1 and consists of a box-like support member 2, which is provided in its center with a recess 3 for receiving a bearing, not shown, for the rigidly mounted on the wagon body dive. This plunger bearing consists essentially of a sleeve into which the plunger axially slidably fits, a spherical, sitting on the sleeve thickening and this spherical thickening aufatmenden holder which is fixed in the recess 3. This storage can be located in an oil bath and is therefore maintenance-free * The main cross member 1 can therefore against the dowel axially, d. H. vertically, move, twist and tilt at each direction.

At each end of the box-like support member 2 are in the embodiments of the bogie according to Figs * 1 and 2 and 4 and 5 two rigidly connected thereto or outgoing from this extensions 4 is provided, to which the H-shaped frames 5 to the main Crossbar 1 facing ends of their longitudinal parts 8 are hinged about horizontal axes 6 pivotally.

These Eahmen 5 consist of a trained as a box carrier cross member 7 and the longitudinal parts 8, which are provided with two recesses 9 for receiving the stub axles 10 of the bath sets 11 holding axle bearings - not shown - * In the embodiment of the bogie of FIG .. 1 and 2 is at the transition point between the transverse part 7 and each longitudinal part 8 a pot-like, open-topped recess

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12 is provided, which lies transversely to the direction of travel center plane preferably coincides with the longitudinal center plane of the transverse part 7; in these recesses are the springs to be described together with supports · The H-shaped Babmen 5 have due to their shape and also by their dimensioning a certain usefulness of which is deliberately made use of the bogie erf indungsgemäßen.

The journal bearings for the stub axles 10, not shown, are supported on the upper side 13 of the recess 9 by rubber plates and can therefore make slight vertical and pivotal movements with respect to the frame 5 as it winds as a result of misalignments.

To cushion the only indicated car body 14 · four suspension springs 15 are provided on each bogie. These are designed as helical springs and can in the usual way by interleaving or sequential arrangement of two coil springs with different characteristics and different lengths, possibly by interposing a blocking pot, preferably have a non-linear or progressive overall characteristic. The top of each spring 15 is provided with a support plate 16 which carries the underside of the carriage assembly 14- via a sliding lining 17 attached thereto.

In the embodiment of the bogie according to FIGS. 4 and 5, only indicated bolts 18 are provided for guiding the springs 15, which are fastened to the bottom of the recesses 12 and protrude upwards.

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In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, instead of the two extensions 4, a double-levered lever 4 'is provided at least at one end of the main crossbeam 1, which lever is articulated to the supporting part 2 or to a longitudinal axis located in the longitudinal center plane of the main crossbeam 1 2 ^{1 is} pivotally mounted. On the ends of these levers 4 ¹ , the longitudinal parts 8 of the cross members 7 are pivotally mounted on silent blocks.

In the embodiment of the bogie according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the springs 15 are provided on their underside, each with a support plate 19, which in turn rests on the free end _{/ of} a support lever 20. The end of this support lever is forked and includes the bolt 18. As can be seen in Fig. 4 further, the ends of the support lever 20 have curved tops 21, so that they can roll in their pivotal movements on the underside of the support plate 19 without any friction ,

The support levers 20 are each attached to a short shaft 22, which are rotatably mounted in the two walls of the cup-shaped recess 12. The attached to both sides of each H-shaped Eahmens 5 waves have a common horizontal axis 22 ", which extends in a central vertical plane of the support 7, which is preferably at the same distance to the axes of the two wheel sets 11 of the H-shaped Eahmens 5 (see in particular Fig. 4 left). One end of each shaft 22 is extended beyond the outer wall of the longitudinal part 8 and carries there a balancing lever 23 * The two located on the same bogie side compensation lever 23 are arranged inclined towards each other in the drawing and by a compensating device

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coupled together. However, they can also preferably be arranged vertically and parallel to one another.

In the illustrated embodiment, this compensating device consists of a pull rod 24, which is pivotally connected at its ends to the compensating levers 23 via bolts 25. In each case between the tie rods 24 octer one of the two balance lever 23 and the Se items andung the bogie can be placed a vibration damper; Vorteilereise these vibration dampers, lying substantially horizontally, each articulated between the tie rods 24 and the ends of the main cross member 1

Of course, in the context of the invention instead of the pull rod 24, as shown in FIG. 6, a push rod 24 'occur. For this purpose, the suspension springs 15 are not as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, between which the lever 23 and the outer, but, as shown in FIG. 6, the adjacent inner wheel set 11 is arranged, the lever 23 run upwards apart can. By this construction, the distance between the pivot and slide plate is reduced, whereby the restoring force is reduced in the GIeitplattenabstützung.

The operation of the described balancing device will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.

According to FIG. 7, two axes of the bogie have already passed the beginning (point A) of a ramp B (direction of travel arrow P). As a result, the two axes of the in Fig. Right H-shaped frame by the amounts a ,. and a ₂ lifted.

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However, this also raises the contact points between the support levers 20 and the support plates 19 of the springs 15 * of this frame, ie. the two front springs 15 * of this frame would have to be compressed more strongly. The force with which these springs press on their support levers 20 becomes larger. However, nothing has changed as far as the forces of forces in the other springs 15 "(FIG. 6 left) are concerned because, therefore, a greater force acts on the support levers 20 of the springs 15 'than on the support levers of the other springs 15" , connected by the tie rods 24, pivot clockwise until all four springs of the two H-shaped frame act with equal force on their support lever. By arranging the axes of the shafts 22, preferably in the middle between the wheelsets 11 of each H-frame 5, both sets of wheels are equally loaded.

In Fig. 8 that position of the bogie is shown, in which the first axis of the bogie by the amount a-, lifted and its last axis has just reached the beginning A of the ramp B. It can be clearly seen that, because the left hand H-bar is also raised, the compensating levers 23 have pivoted a little further clockwise, but Bs can also be seen that the lengths of the springs 15 * and 15 "remained the same The inclination of the supporting part 2 with respect to the horizontal (see the course of the straight line between the axes 6 in Fig. 7) and thus the inclination of the main cross-section rs 1 opposite the de occurred when approaching the ramp B. ^T pin which remains essentially vertical is compensated for by the initially described ball-and-socket-type mounting of the sleeve receiving the dipping pin in the recess 3.

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Instead of the pull or push rod 24 may also be provided a hydraulic compensating device. In this case, each balance lever is connected via a preferably pressure-loaded handlebar with the rod of a piston, which can move in a substantially horizontal, fixed to the H-shaped support cylinder. On the one hand, the cylinders are closed and filled with a liquid (hydraulic oil and the like). The two cylinders of each bogie side are connected by a pressure-resistant line.

It is also possible to form the support plate 19 as a piston of a cylinder and to connect both transverse to the direction of travel cylinder pairs with an oil pressure line, the mechanical compensation device is eliminated.

The operation of these hydraulic balancing devices is that of the mechanical balancing devices - with drawbar - the same.

In the pressure line connecting the two cylinders, a throttle point, for example in the form of a valve, may be provided in order to damp vibrations that can occur in the case of bad tracks.

Claims (9)

1. Four-axle bogie for low-floor wagons, with two each two Eadsätzen bearing H-shaped frame, which are hingedly connected to a transverse bar forming and the pivot bearing of the bogie main carrier, characterized in that the carriage structure by means of a rigidly attached to him diving pin on Is mounted cross member, that the crossbeam pull 'ends of the longitudinal beams (8) of the H-shaped Eahmen (3) about a horizontal axis (6) are hinged directly or with the interposition of a two-armed lever (4 ·) pivotally mounted on the crossbar and that in a manner known per se, the vehicle body is supported on each longitudinal member (8) by means of a respective suspension spring (15), 2 · bogie according to item 1, characterized in that the abutments (19) of the in the direction of travel successively located suspension springs (15) by a z, B. as a pull or push rod (24-, 24 ^f ) formed compensating device are connected » 2 3 2 5 9 2 1 - ¹² - 3.12 * AP B 61 F / 232 592/1 59 628/26 Claim 3. bogie according to item 2, characterized in that the abutment (19) in a known manner as a piston of hydraulic cylinders which are connected by a compensating line, are formed. 4. Bogie according to item 1, characterized in that on each longitudinal member (8) of the H-shaped frame (5) about a horizontal axis (22 ·) pivotable support lever as an abutment (20) for each one suspension spring (15) 232 5 92 1 - ¹³ - ³ « ¹² LJ L * J *> I. I AP B 61 F / 232 592/1 59 628/26 ^l is and that the support lever (20) of each rotary gesture Hängst page are each connected by a balancing device 5. bogie according to one of the items 1 to 3, characterized in that the mounting for the immersion pin in a known manner in the manner of a ball joint is formed on all sides pivotally. 6. bogie according to one of the items 1 to 5 * characterized in that the H-förmigeη Eahmen (5) are torsionally soft and that the Eahmen (5) on the axle bearings for the wheelsets (11) in a known manner yielding, ζ · · · supported by the interposition of rubber plates o. The like. Are supported » 7 »bogie according to item 4, characterized in that each support lever (20) on a parallel to the wheelsets (11) extending shaft (22) is fixed, that on each shaft (22) a compensating lever (23) sits and that the balance lever (23) are coupled on each bogie side by the balance bar (24, 24 '), 8. bogie according to item 2, characterized in that between the pull or push rod (24, 24 *) and the bogie, a vibration damper is arranged · 9. bogie according to item 7, characterized in that each compensating lever (23) is connected to a displaceable in a cylinder mounted on the frame of the bogie piston, that the cylinders are each bogie longitudinal side in a conventional manner by a pressure line in connections. - 4 pages drawings -