CZ294197B6 - Railway sleeper for tracks - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a railway sleeper (12) made of concrete, reinforced concrete or steel and intended for railway tracks. A track grid lies upon a ballast bed (10) and the underside of the invented sleeper is provided with a plastic deformable coating (22) the purpose of which is to increase the positional stability of the track and at the same time to reduce damage to the ballast bed (10).

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rail sleeper made of concrete, reinforced concrete or steel and used in a ballasted railway track superstructure.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The transverse sleeper, as a structural element, captures in the rail superstructure the forces coming from the traffic loads, over the rail and the interlayers, with clamping elements at the support points of the sleeper supports, and the applied forces are diverted eventually subsoil.

Since the beginning of the railway age in the nineteenth century, wooden sleepers have been used as cross sleepers. At the time of industrialization and the development of the steel industry, steel sleepers were produced and laid, and more recently as “sleeper Y”. since the 1950s, prestressed concrete sleepers have been increasingly used and have been established as the state of the art.

Wooden sleepers, now rarely used, among other things for environmental reasons, had the advantage of paying for "elastic". One reason for this is the cutting of hard stone gravel into the relatively soft underside of wooden sleepers.

On the other hand, the concrete sleeper, and in this connection a comparable steel sleeper, has the disadvantage that, unlike a wooden sleeper, two inelastic materials meet on the bearing surface of the sleeper, the above-mentioned pruning is not possible, thereby reducing transverse forces by gravel bed. In addition, hard, inflexible contact points between the gravel and the sleeper lead to damage or destruction of the sleeper or gravel when overloaded.

In particular, in order to avoid overloading the ballast, especially on high speed lanes, it has already been proposed to provide the underside of the sleeper with an elastic polymer material in order to achieve cushioning and thus also to release the ballast. The use of such an elastic interlayer between the ballast and the concrete sleeper saves the ballast bed, but on the other hand it greatly reduces the resistance forces to longitudinal and transverse displacement, so that the position stability of such rails is even lower than the rails on the gravel bed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a sleeper by means of which positional stability can be increased and damage to the ballast bed can be prevented.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is solved by a rail sleeper made of concrete, reinforced concrete or steel according to the invention, which is characterized in that it has a plastically deformable layer on its underside, in particular in the area of its support.

Due to the plastically deformable layer of the underside of the sleeper, due to the plastic deformation of the layer, the gravel is cut into the sleeper, thereby greatly increasing the lateral displacement resistance and the longitudinal displacement resistance of the rail grate, thereby substantially improving rail position stability. Furthermore, the peak pressures are reduced and the edge compression is reduced and the contact areas between the ballast and the sleeper are increased, so that surface compression is reduced compared to the prior art, and the destruction of the material is reduced or eliminated. Mentioned

The "softness" of the contact area between the ballast and the sleeper also results in material savings through the layer.

In one further preferred embodiment of the invention, the plastically deformable layer 5 can essentially consist of a mixture of tar and asphalt, which is a particularly cost-effective solution. In an alternative method, said layer may consist essentially of plastic, wood concrete, wood or wood shavings.

From a cost point of view, it may be expedient to form a plastically deformable layer exclusively in the support 10 of the cross sleepers so that the unsupported zones remain free of the layer.

The thickness of the layer may be relatively thin, i.e. it may lie below the 10 mm limit and may in particular be approximately 5 mm. Furthermore, the underside of the layer can be profiled so as to achieve an even better anchoring of the cross sleepers on the ballast bed.

Although the transverse sleepers can be provided with a layer according to the invention, if necessary also additionally on the sleepers, it is preferred that the deposited layer be integrated directly in the concrete sleepers production process in order to ensure the best possible connection. In this case, the layer may be applied to the corresponding region of the underside of the sleeper as a final operation 20 during the casting of the sleeper. In an alternative method, the layer could also be additionally glued to the underside of the sleeper.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is further described and explained by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of the track in a plane parallel to the rails; 1, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rails, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the sleeper region.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Shown in the figures is a ballast bed 10, sleepers 12 arranged in a ballast bed 10, 35 of a rail 14 arranged on the sleepers 12, and a wheel 16 running on the rail 14. Between rail 14 and the sleepers 12 are arranged conventional interlayers 18. The ballast bed 10 abuts on a leveled substrate 20. To this extent, the rail track structure corresponds to a conventional structure and does not need any further explanation.

Plastically deformable layers 22 are formed on the undersides of the cross sleepers 12, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, in such a way that the unsupported regions 24 of the sleepers 12 are free of said plastically deformable layer 22. It should be noted that The shading in FIG. 2 is intended to denote those areas of the underside of sleepers 12, not shown in FIG. 2, which are provided with a plastically deformable layer 22. The arrows 26 and 28 in FIGS. 1 to 3 indicate the transverse and longitudinal forces occurring in the track. .

The detail of FIG. 4 illustrates the cutting of the gravel bed 10 into the plastically deformable layer 22. It is immediately apparent from this figure that the sliding forces on the basis of the device increase appreciably and of course The gravel bed 10 is now greatly increased, so that the forces occurring between the contact surfaces, calculated per unit area, are all significantly reduced.

Instead of the point transmission of the force between the sleeper and the ballast, which is present in the prior art, there is now a flat force transmission. Peak pressures on individual gravel stones are reduced and the edge compression is reduced. Crushing of gravel stones or damage to the concrete will be prevented

-2GB 294197 B6 new sleepers. By cutting the ballast bed into the plastically deformable layer of the cross sleepers, the resistance to longitudinal and transverse displacement is increased, thereby improving the positional stability of the track.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (8)

A rail sleeper of concrete, reinforced concrete or steel, characterized in that it has a plastically deformable layer (22) on its underside. Cross sleeper according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastically deformable 15 layer (22) is located exclusively in the support region of the cross sleeper. Cross sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastically deformable layer (22) consists essentially of a mixture of tar and asphalt. 20 May Cross sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastically deformable layer (22) consists essentially of plastic. Cross sleeper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastically deformable layer (22) consists essentially of wood or wood-concrete or wood shavings. Cross sleeper according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside of the plastically deformable layer (22) is profiled. Cross sleeper according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastically deformable layer (22) is formed as a layer applied in the cross sleeper manufacturing process. A railway track with a ballast bed (10) and a rail grate lying on a ballast bed (10), having rail sleepers (12) according to any of the preceding 35 claims. 2 drawings - o -