CZ249297A3 - Grate plate - Google Patents

Abstract

The grate plate extends over the complete width of the feed grate and the grate path and is cooled by water or by a coolant boiling at a higher temperature than water. The grate plate is formed from a basic body (2) forming a grate plate foot (4) and at least one cover segment (3) forming a grate plate body (5). The cover segment and the basic body are releasably connected to one another. The base body and the cover segment are formed with at least one coolant inflow and outflow. Between the basic body and the cover segment is an air gap (6). The basic body is formed from two side plates between which is a floor plate and possibly one or more intermediate plates and at least one hollow profile through which coolant flows. The hollow profile is formed between the side plates or between the side plates and the intermediate plates or between the intermediate plates.

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to grate plates for sliding grates, in particular sliding grates in waste incineration plants, wherein the sliding grate comprises a plurality of mutually movable, step-shaped grate rows, the grate plate extending over the entire width of the sliding grate. and is cooled by water or a coolant having a higher boiling point than water.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The grates for incineration of waste and other solids have been known for a long time. For incineration of household waste and other waste, the so-called sliding combustion grates have proved their best. In addition to reversible gratings, many years ago, especially sliding gratings found use in waste incineration plants.

These known sliding grates are formed by means of staggered rows of grate plates or grate bars that lie transversely to the direction of movement of the combusted material. In order to move the material to be burned, every second row of grate plates or plates is usually carried out. of the grate bars is a sliding movement which is caused by the driving device.

Due to the sliding movement of the grate panel rows, respectively. The grate bars are used for shifting the waste, mixing it and raking it. During the movement of the waste on the sliding grate, the waste is gradually dried, preheated, degassed, gasified and what is left to incinerate is incinerated.

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Further, it is known to cool such grate plates or the like. grate bars from sliding grates with cooling water, so that thanks to the lower temperature it is possible to use cheaper materials for grate plates or grates. grate bars and in order to achieve less wear of the grate plates or grates. on the one hand, the primary air required for combustion, which is supplied from the divided air zones under the sliding grate, through the air nozzles in the grate plates or grate plates. grate bars to the material to be burnt, it was purposefully adjusted according to the needs of the material to be burnt. Overdose of primary air for cooling grate boards or. grate bars are not required here.

EP 0 621 449 B1 discloses a water-cooled grate plate which extends over the entire width of the combustion grate or the grate. grate tracks made of sheet metal, forming a hollow body with an upper and a lower side, having on one side of the lower side at least one connecting sleeve and on the other side at least one outlet sleeve for the inlet and outlet of liquid medium which flows and tempers.

A disadvantage of the known slatted board is that when a slatted board needs to be replaced, for example due to mechanical abrasion, thermal or corrosive wear or damage, the complete slatted board must always be replaced. The grate boards, which are up to 3.0 m wide, have problems with the dismantling and assembly of such grate boards, due to the high inherent weight and bulkyness. For economic reasons, it is no longer justifiable to replace only partially worn grate panels completely.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a grate panel which does not have the aforementioned drawbacks.

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This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention can be obtained from the subclaims.

The solution according to the invention has the following advantages:

Possibility of partial replacement of worn or damaged portions of the grate panel portions facing the combusted material while using the grate panel base body as well as partially worn or undamaged grate panel overlap segments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention is explained in more detail by the description and the figures.

They show:

Fig. 1: schematic longitudinal section of a sliding grate consisting of several rows of grate plates, perspective view, Fig. 2: schematic longitudinal section of a grate plate according to the invention, Fig. 3: view in direction A according to Fig. 2, Fig. 4: Fig. 5: Section BB of Fig. 4, Fig. 6: View of the overlap segment (s) of the slatted plate according to the invention.

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Fig. 7: section C-C according to Fig. 6; Fig. 8: longitudinal section through a grate air vent according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Giant. 1 shows a cut-away from a schematic longitudinal section through a sliding grate 25 formed of several rows of grate plates 26 and designed to incinerate waste. The sliding grid 25 is generally slightly inclined in the direction of movement of the combusted material. Movement and stirring or. raking of the incinerated material is caused by the sliding movement of the grate plate carrier 28 or the grate plate. The rows of grate plates 26, which are driven by a mechanical or hydraulic drive device, most of which are driven by every second row of grate plates 26 and the rows of grate plates 26 between them are stationary. The grate plate supports 28 assume the function of the grate plate support 1 as well as the sliding movement function. The supply of primary air to the combustion material is effected by means of the air zones 27 below the sliding grate 25 and the air vents 6 in the form of nozzles in the grate plates 1, the air zones 27 being divided in longitudinal and / or longitudinally. in the transverse direction of the slide grid 25 to a plurality of zones.

By water cooling of the grate panels i, the supply of primary air and / or air can be effected. and inert gas, eg flue gases, to the needs of the combusted material and its treatment before burning (drying, de-gasing, gasification, burn-out).

Giant. 2 and 3 show a grate panel 1 according to the invention which extends over the entire width of the sliding grate 25 and 25 respectively. the grate tracks of the multi-track sliding grate 25 and which consists of a base body 2 a, according to the width of the grate panel 1, one or more overlapping segments 3. The base body 2 forms a leg grate plates 4, which lie on the next, below it, a row of grate plates 26 and an overlap segment or grate plate. the segments 3 form a grate panel body 5, the front end of which is closed by the grate panel face 22.

The grate panel 1 according to the invention allows a partial replacement of the overlapping segments 3, which are more exposed to the combusted material compared to the base body 2 and thus are previously worn or damaged.

The base body 2 of the grate panel 1 according to the invention extends over the entire width of the grate panel 1 according to FIGS. 4 and 5. The base body 2 consists of two side plates 7, one bottom plate 8, which lies between them and has a base. depending on the width, one or more intermediate plates 8 and from at least one hollow profile 10 through which the coolant flows and which is located between the sidewalls 7 and 7, respectively. with the intermediate plates 9 present, also between the side plates 7 and the intermediate plates 9, and between the intermediate plates 9.

With the intermediate plates 9 present, they are preferably evenly distributed over the width of the base body 2.

overlap plate 15 a

The hollow profile 10 is preferably constructed as a rectangular hollow profile and is so rearward as viewed along the grate panel 1 (i.e., in the feed direction) opposite the leading edge of the top sheet 14 and the bottom sheet 15 (grate panel face 22) of the segment 3. a nozzle-shaped air vent 6 is formed by the edge of the hollow profile 10 for supplying primary air to the combustion material. The nozzle-shaped air passage 6 is thus formed by the base body 2 and the overlap segment 3 and extends over the width of the grate panel 1, interrupted, if necessary, only by intermediate plates 9.

Plates 8 retrospectively

14. to do this • 9 · · '9 9 9' '' '' '' '

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Preferably, the leading edge of the lower is also offset from the leading edge of the top sheet by shifting the main load caused by the feed of the combusted material to the front side of the top sheet 14.

According to FIGS. 6 and 7, the overlap segment 3 of the grate panel 1 according to the invention extends according to the width of the grate panel 1 between two intermediate plates 7 and 7, respectively. between the side plates 7 and the intermediate plates 9 and possibly between the intermediate plates 9 of the base body 2. The overlap segment 3 consists of two side plates 11, a supporting element 13, a top and a bottom plate 14, 15 between them.

The support element 13, the top and bottom plates 14, 15 form a cavity

12. through which a coolant, e.g. water, flows and which is provided with a plurality of dividing plates 16 which form a labyrinth.

The overlap segment 3, and the base body 2 have separate inlet and outlet of coolant 18, 19, which are located to the side of the air zones 27. At least one inlet 18 is located on the bottom sheet side 15 of the overlap segment 3, as well as the hollow profile 10 of the base body 2, and at least one outflow 19 is located on the other side of the bottom sheet 15 of the overlap segment 3, as well as the hollow profile 10 of the base body 2. The inflows and outflows 18, 19 are provided with a device 20, e.g. for connecting lines not shown here. In grate slabs 1 with several hollow profiles 10 and overlapping segments 3 arranged in succession, the coolant outlet 19 is connected via a connecting line 21 to the coolant inlet 18 of the adjacent hollow profile 10 or 10, respectively. overlap segment 3.

The bottom plate 15 is so bent in the face section of the grate panel 22 that the central outlet angle α of the nozzle-shaped air vent 6 forms an angle of 10-60 with the horizontal.

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The base body 2 and the overlap segment 3 are preferably made of steel sheets and profiles of the same material and are welded together.

In a further preferred embodiment, the bottom plate 8 is made of abrasion resistant material compared to the top sheet 14.

The overlap segment (s) 3 is (are) connected to the side walls 7 or 11 by means of two connecting means 17, e.g. with intermediate plates 9 of the base body 2.

The air vent 6 can be formed according to FIG. 8 by inserting a guide plate 23 with parallel walls of the air vent. Also, a diverging air vent 6 can be formed, if desired, by correspondingly shaping the bottom sheet 15 and the guide sheet 23 (not shown).

Instead of using a separate guide plate 23, the top of the hollow profile 10 can be made straight to match the shape of the guide plate 23, or any other desired shape (not shown).

Claims (8)

·· » PATENT CLAIMS Grate plate for sliding grates, in particular sliding grates in waste incineration plants, wherein the sliding grate consists of several mutually movable, step-shaped grate rows, wherein the grate plate extends over the entire width of the sliding grate or grate. a grate track and is cooled by water or a coolant having a higher boiling point than water, characterized in that the grate panel (1) is formed by a base body (2) forming the grate panel leg (4) and at least one overlap segment (3), forming the grate panel body (5), wherein the overlap segment (3) and the base body (2) are detachably connected to each other, the base body (2) and the overlap segment (3) being equipped with at least one coolant inlet and outlet (18, 19) ) - an air vent (6) is formed between the base body (2) and the overlap segment (3). 2. The grate panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (2) is formed by two side panels (7), one bottom panel (8) which lies between them and / or between them. one or more intermediate plates (9) and at least one hollow profile 10 through which the coolant flows and which is located between the sidewalls (7) and 7, respectively. between the sidewalls (7) and the intermediate plates (9); between the plates (9), the hollow profile (10) being provided with at least one device (20) at the coolant inlet (18) on one side of the hollow profile (10) and at least one device (20) at the coolant outlet (19) on on the other side of the hollow profile (10) and in the case of hollow profiles (10) which are distributed over the width of the base body (2), the coolant outlet device (20) is connected via a connecting line to the coolant inlet (20). The hollow profile means (18) of the secondary hollow section (10), - the overlap segment (3) is formed from two sidewalls (11) and a supporting element (13), a top and a bottom plate (14, 15) disposed therebetween, the sidewall (11), a supporting element (13), a top and a bottom plate (14, 15) form a cavity (12) flowing through the coolant, including dividing plates (16) forming a labyrinth in the cavity (12), the bottom plate (15) being provided with at least one device (20) at the coolant inflow (18) ) on one side of the overlap segment (3) and at least one device (20) at the coolant outflow (19) on the other side of the overlap segment (3), and for several overlap segments (3) the device (20) is at the coolant outlet (19) ) connected by a connecting line (21) to the device (20) from the coolant inlet (18) of the secondary overlap segment (3), - the sidewall (7, 11) is each attached in a detachable manner to the base body (2) and the overlap segment (3) by at least two means (17). Grate panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base body (2) and the overlap segment (3) are made of sheet steel and optionally of steel profiles. Slatted board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material of the base plate (8) of the base body (2) is more abrasion resistant than the material of the top sheet (14) of the overlap segment (3). Slatted board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow profile (10) is designed as a rectangular profile. Slatted board according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air vent (6): It is bounded and shaped as a nozzle in its upper part by the lower sheet (15) of the overlap segment (3) and in its lower part by the upper edge of the hollow profile (10) of the base body (2). Grate panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mean outlet angle α of the air duct (6) forms an angle of 10 - 60 with the horizontal. Grate panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leading edge of the base body (2) is offset back from the leading edge of the overlap segment (3).