CN86101658A - The leak detection of heat interchanger in service - Google Patents
The leak detection of heat interchanger in service Download PDFInfo
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- CN86101658A CN86101658A CN86101658.0A CN86101658A CN86101658A CN 86101658 A CN86101658 A CN 86101658A CN 86101658 A CN86101658 A CN 86101658A CN 86101658 A CN86101658 A CN 86101658A
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Abstract
This method is applicable to and detects the heat interchanger that carries out heat interchange between two kinds of gaseous fluids that what for example produce in the heat interchanger that superheated vapor is used sews.This heat interchanger has a low tension loop and a high tension loop.Quantitative in advance tracer gas is incited somebody to action in porch at heat interchanger, is generally helium, injects high-pressure fluid.The tracer gas that exists in the low-pressure fluid is measured in exit at heat interchanger.If low-pressure gas for treating superheated vapor, takes out the small amount of superheated steam sample and carries out condensation in the exit of heat interchanger, the tracer gas that exists in can not condensed product of check then.
Description
The present invention relates to when heat interchanger moves,, detect and estimate the leak volume of the heat interchanger between two kinds of fluids that are mainly gaseous state with the tracer gas that is generally helium.The application of a particular importance of the present invention is that the heat interchanger that superheated vapor between two steamer fuselages of thermo-power station is used is hunted leak.
Known that detecting sewing in the heat interchanger has a lot of methods.Many methods are that the dilution by the tracer gas that can be helium detects.This way has shortcoming, and it need accurately know used flow velocity, and circulation of fluid can hinder the use of this method.Other known method is being sewed size that can not determine leak volume when very little.
The objective of the invention is to provides a kind of method and apparatus for the leak detection of heat interchanger, and it can detect the development of sewing and observe it that is occurred rapidly, and what adopted is that some simply are applicable to the device and the parts of multiple heat interchanger.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of detection method, it is at the heat exchanger entrance place a certain amount of helium to be injected high-pressure fluid at short notice, after having injected, the helium that may exist in the low-pressure fluid of outflow heat exchanger is measured.
For determining leak volume, after per injection, will represent the signal of helium content in the low-pressure fluid to time integral usually.This operation can be carried out the most handy mass spectroscopy by a measurement mechanism.In order to estimate or quantificational expression that to sewing pick-up unit must be proofreaied and correct.This can finish by carrying out the injection identical with type of detection, but is to carry out in the low-pressure fluid at sampling spot upper reaches at this moment.
Because injection has " pulse " characteristic, therefore can save the price apparatus that is pre-mixed with concentration known, also can avoid constituting may accumulating and circulation of tracer gas.
When applying the present invention to the leak detection of steam superheating heat interchanger, with the condensation of sub-fraction superheated vapor, gas is separated from condensate water at the heat exchanger exit place, seeks the existence of tracer gas in uncondensable gas.
The present invention also provides a kind of detection and has determined the equipment that heat interchanger in service is sewed, it comprises the device of a certain amount of tracer gas of temporary transient storage, the tracer gas that this is a certain amount of injects the device of heat interchanger high-pressure fluid inlet rapidly, handle so that therefrom isolate the device of the tracer gas that may exist at heat exchanger exit place taking-up low-pressure fluid sample and to this part fluid, and the device of measuring the tracer gas amount of collecting.
Determinator preferably includes a mass spectrometer, links to each other with a firm discharge sampling system or " respirator ", and it is under the situation of steam at fluid, treats to draw a part of uncondensable gas after the fluid condensation.
Entire equipment can be by programmable regulator control, and this can make measurement carry out in order, determines relevant amount by pressure transducer with the data of detector means transmission.All device can be contained on the car, so that transfer to another heat interchanger from a heat interchanger.In this case, just enough as long as heat interchanger possesses the pipe adapter that is used for connecting the flexible pipe that belongs to leakage detection apparatus.
By narration to a following specific embodiment, can have a better understanding to the present invention, present embodiment is a unrestricted example.
Fig. 1 detects possible sewing for a kind of being used for of the present invention to the heat interchanger that constitutes steam superheater, and determines total figure of the equipment of possible leak volume;
Fig. 2 is the total figure that a certain amount of helium is injected the device of heat interchanger high pressure and low tension loop.
The embodiments of the invention that will narrate are mainly used in the leak detection of the heat interchanger 10 of type shown in Figure 1, and this heat interchanger comprises the housing 12 that is filled with low-pressure fluid (treating superheated vapor).High-pressure fluid circuit (the overheated steam of using) comprises the U-shaped tube bank 14 that contacts with low-pressure fluid.The low-pressure fluid that is made of saturated vapour 16 enters housing and flows out by one or more outlets by entering the mouth.Shown in the figure two outlets 18.
Overheatedly comprise entry conductor 19, distributor box 20, tube bank 14 and EXPORT CARTON 22 with steam-return line.
The pressure of pipe in 14 for example is 55 crust, and is more much bigger than the pressure in the housing 12, therefore may take place from overheated with steam to treating sewing of superheated vapor.
Leak test plant of the present invention can be for comprising the device of a certain amount of helium of temporary transient storage, the device of the overheated inlet of the rapid steam in jection of helium that this is a certain amount of, the sampling of steam to be analyzed and treating apparatus and mensuration diagnostic aid.These devices will be narrated one by one.
Temporary transient storage can have structure shown in Figure 1 with injection device 24, and these devices can make the helium of a certain amount of known volume and pressure, with the inert gas that is generally nitrogen, injects conduit 19.
Injection must be carried out rapidly.In practice, helium " plug " and its a certain amount of inertia vector gas of promotion must enter entry conductor 19 in less than 10 seconds time, and this time is generally 3 to 10 seconds.The volume injected of helium depends on desired detection limit.In practice, usually the injection rate IR of helium is equivalent under normal temperature and pressure conditions 10 liters volume.
Above-mentioned storage and injection device also can be used to provide correction.But this way has shortcoming.In fact, preferably provide correction (for example be not 10 standard liters, but 0.5 standard liter) by injecting less than the helium of measuring consumption.In addition, be injected under the lower pressure and carry out.Illustrated in figures 1 and 2 is a kind of way preferably, and it provides independent means for correcting 34, forms with the similar structure of injection device by one, is connected with low-pressure fluid loop (treating superheated vapor).Under situation shown in Figure 1, a plurality of superheated vapor outlets are arranged, means for correcting 34 is connected with each outlet 18 by pipe 36, manages 36 orthicons 26 equally, and stop valve 38 and 40 are housed, and check (non-return) valve 42.
When equipment was necessary for movable type, the pipe 26 that is provided and 36 was not directly to be connected with heat interchanger, but is connected with heat interchanger by the flexible pipe that can bear desired injection pressure.
Temporary transient storage shown in Figure 2 and injection device 24 comprise a correction volume, for example are made of a simple bend pipe 44, and the quick-action valve of pneumatic or motorized adjustment is equipped with at the two ends of bend pipe.Volume 44 among Fig. 2 is equipped with drop valve 28, advances helium with upper reaches valve 50 with advance nitrogen with upper reaches valve 52.Check (non-return) valve 54 can prevent to reflux to injection device.Source of the gas can be made of nitrogen and helium steel cylinder 56,58, and reduction valve is housed respectively on the bottle, and pressure is reduced to certain numerical value, for example when the pressure of superheated vapor is 55 crust, pressure is reduced to 65 crust.In general, the pressure of reduction valve output must equal the pressure loss that overheated force value with steam adds generation when injecting.Correction volume 44 is equipped with tensimeter 60, and the signal of representing its internal pressure is provided.
The pressure of nitrogen source of the gas preferably is chosen in slightly higher than the pressure of helium source of the gas, in order to avoid gas produces uncontrolled mixing.At last, volume 44 is equipped with bleed valve 62.
Means for correcting 34 shown in Figure 2 comprises and storage and the corresponding parts of injection device.Therefore, these parts add that with identical cross reference number symbol a represents.The order of magnitude of volume 44a is generally 1/10th of volume 44, for example is not 1 liter, but 100(centimetre)
3The pipe that the impulse type injection can be provided all is housed in all instances, and this requires the flow velocity of about 30 standards liter/second usually. Device 24 and 34 can shared helium and the source of the gas of nitrogen, is equipped with this moment to be used for the stop valve 61 of spacer assembly 24 and 34.
Sampler (Fig. 1) comprises the sample tap 64 that is positioned in each outlet 18, and stop valve 66 is housed.Sample tap 64 must have enough distances apart from the decanting point of housing 10 and means for correcting, so that obtain homogeneity.In practice, it is just enough to be at least the distance of ten times of calibers.Sample tap is connected with treating apparatus by flow rate corresponding variable valve 68, is being used under the situation of steam superheater, and treating apparatus comprises refrigeratory 70 and gas separator 72.The flow velocity that sample tap 64 provides is wanted to guarantee desired sensitivity.In practice, 0.5 to 1 kilogram/minute flow velocity is normally gratifying.This is equivalent to about 0.5 liter/second steam.
Be used under the situation of superheater, the product that flows out refrigeratory 70 comprises water and uncondensable gas.These products all add gas separator 72.Uncondensable gas is extracted out from condenser, is sent to detecting device 74.More particularly, this detecting device can be a mass spectrometer, is connected with " respirator " 78 devices separated from the gas by conduit 76." respirator " 78 is made of very hard hard material core, for example is installed with the synthetic ruby of aperture.The diameter of aperture is very little, for example is approximately 50 microns.Filtrator preferably is equipped with at the upper reaches of fuse, in case aperture is stopped up by dust.Mass spectrometer is set up on the spectral line of the tracer gas that is generally helium.
Sequence of operation is preferably by programmable aut.eq. 80 controls that comprise a microprocessor, and it is determined the concentration of helium and therefrom derive leak volume according to the signal from detecting device and tensimeter reception.Aut.eq. 80 can link to each other with register 82.
The sensitivity that detects can be injected the recently definite of 18 amount of helium by calculating the reception amount of helium determined by integration and timing.Leak the merchant then by calculating recently determining of amount of helium of determining by integration and the amount of helium of injecting high tension loop.Leaking the ratio of discussing with detection sensitivity provides by sewing escaping gas number percent.
Have been found that can detect little of 0.1% sew that is equivalent to introduce the high tension loop air-flow.
Automatically micro processor, apparatus can be according to measuring the bore that concentration changes detecting device 74 automatically, so that increase the kinetic measurement district of helium, its exemplary is to being about 1% from 0.2ppm.
This device can have a lot of mutation.For example, carry out at the upper reaches of the housing 12 that calibration injection can be in low tension loop, shown in Fig. 1 dotted line.
Method of the present invention can be utilized said apparatus, implements in the following manner.
At first by at least one sample tap 64 will take a sample and treating apparatus couple together.Conduit will have enough bores, so that the gas flow rate that sample flow is provided guarantees desired sensitivity (is 0.5 to 1 kilogram/minute to this gas separator).The dirty temperature of refrigeratory must be lower than environment temperature in order to avoid extra condensation occurs at the upper reaches of gas separator 72.Connect injection- tube 26 and 36.
Connect finish after, can proofread and correct by helium being injected the low tension loops that the order of magnitude is generally 12 crust.
Injection operation generally comprises three phases.Under the situation of superheater, for avoiding the danger that has water to exist in the dirty pipe 36 of valve 38, preferably by managing draining to these with the way of compressed nitrogen pneumatic jack water.For this reason, nitrogen pressure is transferred to ratings (vapor pressure+pressure loss promptly for example 16 is clung to), this can be by tensimeter 60a check.Open valve 61 and 52a.Open valve 38 then possibly, so that allow nitrogen that water is ejected.If anhydrous really in the pipeline, when shut-off valve 50a, the pressure of tensimeter 60a indication equates with vapor pressure.Can isolate correction volume 44a this moment by shut-off valve 38.
Must introduce volume 44a to helium then, can imagine has two kinds of methods:
-introduce helium, the original pressure of 12 crust is changed near nitrogen gas pressure, for example 15 crust.Temporarily being stored in amount of helium among the volume 44a this moment equals pressure reduction and multiply by volume;
-or pass through valve 62a and give volume 44a exhaust, boost for this volume with helium then, make pressure change to desired pressure by atmospheric pressure.
Strict injection is by opening nitrogen source of the gas valve 52a in fact, and then opens that introduction valve 38 carries out, and two valves all throw open.This moment, nitrogen ejected nitrogen from managing 36.The injection of multiply by flow velocity is necessary for three to five times of volume, so that remove nitrogen fully.
Passing through successively then, shut-off valve 52a and 38 isolates correction volume 44a.
In practice, detect in from the whole helium clouds that may sew less than one minute.The release time of signal was less than five minutes.Comprised draining total correction time, less than ten minutes.
At last, by opening bleed valve 62a step-down, finish to proofread and correct.
Strictly speaking, all corresponding injection of once helium being injected high tension loop of each mensuration.It is higher to remove helium pressure, measures greatlyyer, so that have outside the enough sensitivity, mode of operation is identical with aforesaid way.For example, if overheated pressure with steam is 55 crust, then nitrogen pressure can be 66 crust, and helium pressure can be 65 crust.
Aut.eq. can be programme, so that periodically duplicate detection in proper order, and increases power of the test when having helium to exist.This device also can all be placed on the car and can do periodic adjustment, or detecting when sewing, can monitor its development.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of method to the heat interchanger leak detection, this heat interchanger be used for carrying out two kinds in this heat interchanger round-robin be essentially heat interchange between the fluid of gaseous state, above-mentioned a kind of fluid is in high pressure, another kind is in low pressure, the characteristic of this method is that repeating step (a) when heat interchanger moves, injects this high-pressure fluid with quantitative in advance tracer gas in the inflow point that above-mentioned high-pressure fluid enters heat interchanger; (b) after above-mentioned injection is finished, in the low-pressure fluid of outflow heat exchanger, detect the existence of above-mentioned tracer gas.
2, according to a kind of method of claim 1 to heat interchanger leak detection, this heat interchanger is used for the steam of the above-mentioned low-pressure fluid of overheated formation, the method is characterized in that: step (b) comprises the flow of superheated steam of condensation sub-fraction outflow heat exchanger, with the condensate water degassing, detect the tracer gas in the not condensable gases that produces that outgases.
3, according to a kind of method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when carrying out step (b), all produce the signal of the tracer gas content in the above-mentioned low-pressure fluid of representing outflow heat exchanger after the per injection, and with this signal to time integral.
4, according to a kind of method of claim 1, be further characterized in that: it comprises that aligning step (c) the above-mentioned tracer gas that another part is quantitative in advance injects above-mentioned low-pressure fluid in advance; (d) the above-mentioned tracer gas in the low-pressure fluid of detection outflow heat exchanger after per injection is measured, is determined approximate leak volume thus.
5, according to a kind of method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: above-mentioned quantitative in advance tracer gas is stored in one in the container of overcorrect, when carrying out step (a), in less than the time in 10 seconds, be pressed into above-mentioned heat interchanger then with compression inertia transported gas.
6,, it is characterized in that this tracer gas is a helium according to a kind of method of claim 1.
7, a kind of when heat interchanger moves, the detection and the equipment of estimating the heat interchanger leak volume, this heat interchanger has a gases at high pressure loop and a low-pressure gas loop of doing heat transfer contact mutually, this equipment is characterised in that it comprises: the device of the tracer gas that temporary transient storage is quantitative in advance; This amount tracer gas is pressed into the device of the inlet in above-mentioned gases at high pressure loop rapidly; After above-mentioned tracer gas enters above-mentioned gases at high pressure loop, the device of low-pressure gas being taken a sample in the exit in above-mentioned low-pressure gas loop; The device of the tracer gas that may exist in the sample separation; The device of the tracer gas amount of separating with mensuration.
8, according to a kind of equipment of claim 7, it is characterized in that: determinator comprises a mass spectrometer, and sampler comprises the device of the low-pressure fluid of drawing above-mentioned predetermined minimum velocity.
9, a kind of equipment according to Claim 8 to the heat interchanger leak detection, this heat interchanger is used for the steam of the above-mentioned low-pressure gas of overheated formation, and this equipment is characterised in that: above-mentioned suction means comprises the steam condensation and draw the device of the uncondensable gas that a part exists in above-mentioned steam.
According to a kind of equipment of claim 7, it is characterized in that 10, it also comprises a means for correcting, this means for correcting has: the device of the above-mentioned tracer gas that the second time that the scheduled volume that temporary transient storage ratio is pressed into for the mensuration purpose is low is quantitative in advance; With the device that above-mentioned secondary scheduled volume is pressed into the low-pressure gas of above-mentioned heat interchanger rapidly in the porch in low-pressure gas loop.
11, according to a kind of equipment of claim 7, it is characterized in that: it also comprises a car, load above-mentioned temporary storage device, the device of extruding scheduled volume, tripping device, determinator, and the storage tank that loads above-mentioned tracer gas and a kind of transported gas be connected the coupling arrangement that above-mentioned heat interchanger is used.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86101658.0A CN1004029B (en) | 1986-03-14 | 1986-03-14 | Leak detection of heat exchanger in operation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86101658.0A CN1004029B (en) | 1986-03-14 | 1986-03-14 | Leak detection of heat exchanger in operation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86101658A true CN86101658A (en) | 1987-09-23 |
| CN1004029B CN1004029B (en) | 1989-04-26 |
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ID=4801476
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86101658.0A Expired CN1004029B (en) | 1986-03-14 | 1986-03-14 | Leak detection of heat exchanger in operation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1004029B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102539081A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | Method for detecting sealability of multi-cavity container by using helium gas |
| CN102834587A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-12-19 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations |
| CN103487219A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | Small general-purpose plane cockpit and fuel tank integrated gas tightness detecting system |
| CN104154783A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-11-19 | 山东金泽利能源科技有限公司 | Shell and tube heat exchanger easy to repair |
| CN104931205A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 成都东方仪器有限公司 | Universal leakage detection device |
| CN107430044A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-12-01 | 机械解析有限公司 | The system and method leaked for the gas tested by gas mobile parts |
| CN109596273A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-04-09 | 苏州迈拓金属检测服务有限公司 | A kind of method that heat exchanger leak point is accurately positioned |
| CN109718636A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | 株式会社东芝 | The method of operation of carbon dioxide separation recovery system and carbon dioxide separation recovery system |
-
1986
- 1986-03-14 CN CN86101658.0A patent/CN1004029B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102834587A (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2012-12-19 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations |
| CN102834587B (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2015-04-29 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Leak detection in circulated fluid systems for heating subsurface formations |
| CN102539081A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | Method for detecting sealability of multi-cavity container by using helium gas |
| CN102539081B (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2014-05-07 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | Method for detecting sealability of multi-cavity container by using helium gas |
| CN103487219A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | Small general-purpose plane cockpit and fuel tank integrated gas tightness detecting system |
| CN103487219B (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-10-28 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | A kind of Small General Aircraft passenger cabin and fuel tank integration air tightness detection system |
| CN104154783A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-11-19 | 山东金泽利能源科技有限公司 | Shell and tube heat exchanger easy to repair |
| CN107430044A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-12-01 | 机械解析有限公司 | The system and method leaked for the gas tested by gas mobile parts |
| CN104931205A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-23 | 成都东方仪器有限公司 | Universal leakage detection device |
| CN109718636A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | 株式会社东芝 | The method of operation of carbon dioxide separation recovery system and carbon dioxide separation recovery system |
| CN109718636B (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2022-06-28 | 株式会社东芝 | Carbon dioxide separation/recovery system and method for operating carbon dioxide separation/recovery system |
| CN109596273A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2019-04-09 | 苏州迈拓金属检测服务有限公司 | A kind of method that heat exchanger leak point is accurately positioned |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1004029B (en) | 1989-04-26 |
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