CN221337056U - Plasma cutting torch for cutting underground oil pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a plasma cutting torch for cutting an underground oil pipe, wherein ignition powder and a grain are arranged in a shell of the plasma cutting torch; the ignition wire stretches into the ignition powder; the inner wall of the shell is lined with a thick graphite tube, a graphite ring and a thin graphite tube; the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the shell in a sliding manner; a first sealing element is tightly attached between the sliding sleeve and the shell; the nozzle is fixedly connected in the second end of the shell, and spray holes which are positioned at the outer side of the shell and distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged in the second end of the shell; the supporting seat is fixedly connected with the nozzle; the sliding sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to one end part of the supporting seat, which is away from the nozzle; the outer peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve shaft is in sliding fit with the sliding sleeve, and a second sealing piece is tightly attached between the sliding sleeve shaft and the sliding sleeve; the guide ring is arranged in the shell, one end of the guide ring is propped against the thin graphite tube, and the other end of the guide ring is propped against the nozzle. The plasma cutting torch can solve the problems of uneven notch, higher cutting cost, more complex equipment maintenance and the like encountered when an oil pipe is cut underground.

Description

A plasma cutting torch for downhole oil pipe cutting

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of pyrotechnic cutting, in particular to a plasma cutting torch for downhole oil pipe cutting.

Background technique

During the drilling and recovery process of oil and gas wells, geothermal wells, coalbed methane wells and water wells, pipe fittings such as drill pipes, tubing, casing and packers are often stuck due to mechanical failure, poor downhole conditions and human errors. When a pipe stuck accident occurs, the pipe fittings need to be separated.

Existing methods for separating pipe fittings include explosive cutting, chemical cutting and mechanical cutting. During explosive cutting, a cutting bomb is lowered to a predetermined depth using a cable, the ground is powered on, the detonator assembly dedicated to the cutting bomb is ignited, and the output explosion wave detonates the cutting bomb assembly to cut the oil pipe. Since it is a fire operation, it is strictly controlled. In addition, the shape of the cut pipe mouth is trumpet-shaped, which affects subsequent salvage operations. Chemical cutting is to fix the cutting tool on the inner wall of the pipe column, so that the chemical agent is sprayed along the nozzle, and the chemical agent reacts with the pipe to achieve cutting. However, its assembly is complex, the chemical corrosion is strong, and it pollutes the environment. Mechanical cutting is mainly achieved by mechanically rotating the electric blade to cut the oil pipe. It is costly and complex to maintain.

Utility Model Content

The utility model provides a plasma cutting torch for cutting downhole oil pipes, which can solve the problems of uneven cuts, high cutting costs, and complex equipment maintenance encountered when cutting downhole oil pipes.

The utility model adopts the following specific technical solutions:

A plasma cutting torch for downhole oil pipe cutting, the plasma cutting torch comprising a housing, a sleeve, a sleeve shaft, a thick graphite tube, a graphite ring, a thin graphite tube, a guide ring, a nozzle, a support seat, a first seal, a second seal, ignition powder, an ignition wire and a powder column;

The shell has a first end and a second end which are arranged opposite to each other along its axial direction, the first end is fixedly connected to an end cover to form a closed end, and the second end is an open end; the ignition powder is installed in the first end of the shell;

One end of the ignition wire is located outside the shell, and the other end penetrates through the end cover and extends into the interior of the ignition powder; the powder column is installed in the shell and is adjacent to the ignition powder;

The thick graphite tube is lined between the medicine column and the shell; the inner wall of the shell away from the end cover is lined with the graphite ring and the thin graphite tube in sequence, and the graphite ring is sandwiched between the thick graphite tube and the thin graphite tube; a cavity is formed in the thin graphite tube;

The sliding sleeve can be slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second end of the housing; the first sealing member is tightly fitted between the sliding sleeve and the housing;

The nozzle is fixedly connected to the second end of the shell, and is provided with spray holes located outside the shell and distributed along the circumferential direction, for guiding the direction of the high-temperature plasma heat flow formed by the combustion of the charge column to change from the axial direction of the shell to the radial direction, and spray to the external oil pipe;

The support seat is fixedly connected to one end of the nozzle facing the outside of the shell;

The sleeve shaft extends along the axial direction of the housing, is fixedly connected to an end of the support seat away from the nozzle, and is used to guide the sliding of the sleeve; the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve shaft is slidably matched with the sleeve and the second seal is tightly fitted therebetween; the second seal is used to seal the gap between the sleeve and the sleeve shaft, and prevent the sleeve from rebounding after sliding and falling;

The guide ring is installed in the shell, with one end abutting against the thin graphite tube and the other end abutting against the nozzle, and is used to guide the flow of high-temperature plasma heat flow.

Preferably, the guide ring is provided with a tapered guide hole in one end facing the thin graphite tube, and the aperture of the tapered guide hole gradually decreases in the direction from the thin graphite tube toward the guide ring.

Preferably, the guide ring is provided with an annular flange surrounding the tapered guide hole;

An annular insertion groove is formed between the annular flange and the housing;

One end of the thin graphite tube is inserted into the annular insertion groove.

Preferably, the first sealing member and the second sealing member are both rubber rings.

Preferably, a first annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing;

The first sealing member is installed in the first annular groove;

A second annular groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve;

The second sealing member is installed in the second annular groove.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the thin graphite tube is larger than the inner diameter of the graphite ring and smaller than the inner diameter of the thick graphite tube.

Preferably, the nozzle is connected to the housing via a threaded connection;

The nozzle is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed along its circumference.

Preferably, the support seat is fixedly connected to the nozzle by bolts.

Preferably, the sliding sleeve shaft is connected to the supporting seat via threads.

Preferably, the guide ring and the nozzle are both made of tungsten-copper alloy.

The plasma cutting torch provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. The plasma cutting torch of the utility model is used for downhole oil pipe cutting. The inner wall of the shell is protected by a thick graphite tube, a graphite ring and a thin graphite tube. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high temperature thermal corrosion prevention. At the same time, it can improve the manufacturing accuracy and reduce the cutting cost.

2. The nozzle is connected to the shell through threads, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly. At the same time, the structural strength and connection strength can be improved by setting reinforcement ribs.

3. The plasma cutting torch of the utility model adopts a combination of a thin graphite tube and a guide ring, and a cavity is formed in the thin graphite tube to protect the inner wall of the shell combustion chamber and delay the time for high-temperature heat flow to be ejected from the nozzle.

4. The plasma cutting torch of the utility model is connected to a support seat at one end of the nozzle by bolts, and the sleeve shaft is installed through the support seat. The support seat is used to support the nozzle and the sleeve shaft, and the support seat is used to prevent the nozzle from breaking and falling into the pipeline due to the impact of heat flow; the sleeve shaft is installed under the support seat through a threaded connection, and a groove is provided in the middle of the support seat, which is used to ensure that the sleeve falls when it slides downward and prevent the sleeve from rebounding upward; a second sealing member is tightly fitted between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve shaft and the sleeve, and the second sealing member can not only seal the gap between the sleeve and the sleeve shaft, but also prevent the sleeve from rebounding after sliding and falling, thereby hindering the flow of high-temperature plasma heat flow.

5. The plasma cutting torch of the utility model uses a guide ring and a nozzle to guide the high-temperature plasma heat flow for diversion and steering. The manufacturing materials are all made of high-temperature resistant tungsten-copper alloy. Therefore, the guide ring and nozzle made of tungsten-copper alloy can improve the high-temperature strength and service life.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a plasma cutting torch of the present invention;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the plasma cutting torch in FIG1 ;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of the bottom end of the plasma cutting torch in FIG. 2 .

Reference numerals:

1-housing; 2-sleeve; 3-sleeve shaft; 4-coarse graphite tube; 5-graphite ring; 6-thin graphite tube; 7-guide ring; 8-nozzle; 9-support seat; 10-first sealing member; 11-second sealing member; 12-bolt; 13-ignition powder; 14-ignition wire; 15-powder column.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly understood, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Pyrotechnic cutting is a method of cutting metal materials by using the high-temperature plasma jet generated by the combustion of pyrotechnic powder, so as to achieve rapid cutting of metal materials without an external energy source. It is simple to operate, has high cutting quality, low cost, wide application range, and is easy to transport and store. Pyrotechnic cutting technology can also be used for emergency rescue, especially for cutting metal structures that hinder rescue in disasters such as earthquakes and landslides without an external power source.

The utility model embodiment provides a plasma cutting torch for downhole oil pipe cutting, as shown in FIG1 and FIG2, the plasma cutting torch comprises a housing 1, a sleeve 2, a sleeve shaft 3, a coarse graphite tube 4, a graphite ring 5, a fine graphite tube 6, a guide ring 7, a nozzle 8, a support seat 9, a first seal 10, a second seal 11, an ignition charge 13, an ignition wire 14 and a charge column 15;

As shown in FIG2 , the housing 1 is a tubular structure and has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other along its axial direction. The first end is fixedly connected to an end cap to form a closed end, and the second end is an open end. An ignition charge 13 is installed in the first end of the housing 1.

One end of the ignition wire 14 is located outside the housing 1, and the other end thereof penetrates through the end cover and extends into the interior of the ignition powder 13; the powder column 15 is installed in the housing 1 and is adjacent to the ignition powder 13;

A thick graphite tube 4 is lined between the medicine column 15 and the shell 1; a graphite ring 5 and a thin graphite tube 6 are lined in sequence on the inner wall of the shell 1 away from the end cover, and the graphite ring 5 is sandwiched between the thick graphite tube 4 and the thin graphite tube 6; a cavity is formed in the thin graphite tube 6; the inner diameter of the thin graphite tube 6 is larger than the inner diameter of the graphite ring 5 and smaller than the inner diameter of the thick graphite tube 4;

As shown in FIG3 , the sleeve 2 can be slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the second end of the housing 1; a first seal 10 is tightly fitted between the sleeve 2 and the housing 1; the first seal 10 can be a rubber ring; a first annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 1; the first seal 10 is installed in the first annular groove; the first seal 10 can be provided with one, two or more; the number of the first annular grooves on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 1 corresponds to the number of the first seals 10, and FIG3 is taken as an example of providing two first annular grooves for explanation;

The nozzle 8 is fixedly connected to the second end of the shell 1, and is provided with spray holes located outside the shell 1 and distributed along the circumferential direction, which is used to guide the direction of the high-temperature plasma heat flow formed by the combustion of the charge 15 to change from the axial direction of the shell 1 to the radial direction, and spray to the external oil pipe; the nozzle 8 and the shell 1 can be connected by threads, and the nozzle 8 is connected to the shell 1 by threads, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly; the nozzle 8 is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed along the circumference thereof, and the nozzle 8 can be evenly distributed with four reinforcing ribs along the circumference thereof, and the provided reinforcing ribs can improve the structural strength and connection strength;

The support seat 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the nozzle 8 facing the outer side of the housing 1; as shown in FIG. 3 , the support seat 9 can be fixedly connected to the nozzle 8 by bolts 12;

As shown in FIG3 , the sleeve shaft 3 extends along the axial direction of the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to an end of the support seat 9 away from the nozzle 8. The sleeve shaft 3 can be connected to the support seat 9 by threads to guide the sliding of the sleeve 2; the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve shaft 3 is slidably matched with the sleeve 2 and a second seal 11 is tightly fitted therebetween; the second seal 11 is used to seal the gap between the sleeve 2 and the sleeve shaft 3 and prevent the sleeve 2 from rebounding after sliding and falling; the second seal 11 can be a rubber ring, and the outer diameter of the second seal 11 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first seal 10; a second annular groove is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve 2; the second seal 11 is installed in the second annular groove, and the number of the second annular grooves corresponds to the number of the second seals 11. FIG3 is taken as an example of two second annular grooves for illustration;

The guide ring 7 is installed in the housing 1, with one end abutting against the thin graphite tube 6 and the other end abutting against the nozzle 8, and is used to guide the flow of the high-temperature plasma heat flow. The guide ring 7 and the nozzle 8 can both be made of a high-temperature resistant tungsten-copper alloy; the guide ring 7 and the nozzle 8 guide the high-temperature plasma heat flow for diversion and redirection, and the use of a high-temperature resistant tungsten-copper alloy can improve the high-temperature strength and service life.

As shown in Fig. 3, the guide ring 7 is provided with a conical guide hole in one end facing the fine graphite tube 6, and the aperture of the conical guide hole gradually decreases in the direction from the fine graphite tube 6 toward the guide ring 7. The guide ring 7 is provided with an annular flange surrounding the conical guide hole; an annular plug-in groove is formed between the annular flange and the housing 1; and one end of the fine graphite tube 6 is plugged into the annular plug-in groove.

The above-mentioned plasma cutting torch is used for downhole oil pipe cutting. The thick graphite tube 4, the graphite ring 5 and the thin graphite tube 6 are used to protect the inner wall of the shell 1. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and prevention of high temperature thermal corrosion. At the same time, it can improve the manufacturing accuracy, improve the incision flatness, and reduce the cutting cost. The thin graphite tube 6 is combined with the guide ring 7 to form a cavity in the thin graphite tube 6, which is used to protect the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the shell 1 and delay the injection time of the high-temperature heat flow from the nozzle 8.

The above-mentioned plasma cutting torch is connected to a support seat 9 at one end of the nozzle 8 by a bolt 12, and the sleeve shaft 3 is installed through the support seat 9. The support seat 9 is used to support the nozzle 8 and the sleeve shaft 3, and the support seat 9 is used to prevent the nozzle 8 from breaking and falling into the pipeline due to heat flow impact; the sleeve shaft 3 is installed under the support seat 9 through a threaded connection, and a groove is provided in the middle of the support seat 9 to ensure that the sleeve 2 falls when sliding downward and prevent the sleeve 2 from rebounding upward; a second sealing member 11 is tightly fitted between the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve shaft 3 and the sleeve 2, and the second sealing member 11 can not only seal the gap between the sleeve 2 and the sleeve shaft 3, but also prevent the sleeve 2 from rebounding after sliding and falling, thereby hindering the flow of high-temperature plasma heat flow.

The above plasma cutting torch can adjust the number of burning powder columns according to the wall thickness of the pipeline, and is suitable for high temperature and high pressure underground complex environment. When cutting the pipeline, the ignition device is used to start the ignition program, and the ignition powder is ignited by the ignition wire. Then the ignition powder and the powder column begin to burn. After a certain pressure is reached in the combustion chamber, the sleeve slides downward, and the high temperature plasma heat flow formed by the combustion of the powder column is ejected from the nozzle along the radial direction of the shell to cut the underground oil pipe.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A plasma cutting torch for cutting an underground oil pipe, which is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a sliding sleeve (2), a sliding sleeve shaft (3), a coarse graphite pipe (4), a graphite ring (5), a fine graphite pipe (6), a guide ring (7), a nozzle (8), a supporting seat (9), a first sealing piece (10), a second sealing piece (11), an ignition powder (13), an ignition wire (14) and a powder column (15);

The shell is provided with a first end and a second end which are oppositely arranged along the axial direction of the shell, the first end is fixedly connected with an end cover to form a closed end, and the second end is an open end; the ignition charge is mounted within the first end of the housing;

One end of the ignition wire is positioned at the outer side of the shell, and the other end of the ignition wire penetrates through the end cover and then stretches into the ignition powder; the cartridge is mounted within the housing and is contiguous with the ignition charge;

The coarse graphite tube is lined between the grain and the shell; the inner wall of the shell far away from the end cover is sequentially lined with the graphite ring and the fine graphite pipe, and the graphite ring is clamped between the coarse graphite pipe and the fine graphite pipe; a cavity is formed in the fine graphite tube;

the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer periphery side of the second end of the shell in a sliding manner; the first sealing piece is tightly attached between the sliding sleeve and the shell;

The nozzle is fixedly connected in the second end of the shell, is provided with spray holes which are positioned at the outer side of the shell and distributed along the circumferential direction, and is used for guiding the trend of high-temperature plasma heat flow formed after the explosive column is combusted to be changed into a radial direction along the axial direction of the shell and spraying the radial direction to an external oil pipe;

The supporting seat is fixedly connected to one end of the nozzle, which faces the outer side of the shell;

The sliding sleeve shaft extends along the axial direction of the shell, is fixedly connected to one end part of the supporting seat, which is away from the nozzle, and is used for guiding the sliding of the sliding sleeve; the outer peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve shaft is in sliding fit with the sliding sleeve, and the second sealing piece is tightly attached between the sliding sleeve shaft and the sliding sleeve shaft; the second sealing piece is used for sealing a gap between the sliding sleeve and the sliding sleeve shaft and preventing the sliding sleeve from rebounding after sliding and falling;

The guide ring is arranged in the shell, one end of the guide ring is propped against the fine graphite tube, and the other end of the guide ring is propped against the nozzle and used for guiding the flow of high-temperature plasma heat flow.

2. The plasma cutting torch according to claim 1, wherein the deflector ring is provided with a tapered deflector hole in an end toward the fine graphite tube, and a diameter of the tapered deflector hole gradually decreases in a direction from the fine graphite tube toward the deflector ring.

3. The plasma cutting torch of claim 2 wherein the deflector ring is provided with an annular flange surrounding the tapered deflector aperture;

Forming an annular insertion groove between the annular flange and the shell;

One end of the fine graphite tube is inserted into the annular insertion groove.

4. The plasma cutting torch of claim 1 wherein the first seal and the second seal are each rubber rings.

5. The plasma cutting torch of claim 4 wherein a first annular groove is provided in an outer peripheral surface of the housing;

The first sealing element is arranged on the first annular groove;

a second annular groove is formed in the inner peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve;

the second seal is mounted to the second annular groove.

6. The plasma cutting torch of claim 1 wherein the inner diameter of the fine graphite tube is greater than the inner diameter of the graphite ring and less than the inner diameter of the coarse graphite tube.

7. The plasma cutting torch of claim 1 wherein the nozzle is threadably connected to the housing;

the nozzle is provided with reinforcing ribs distributed along the circumferential direction thereof.

8. The plasma cutting torch of claim 1 wherein the support base is fixedly connected to the nozzle by a bolt.

9. The plasma cutting torch of claim 1 wherein the sliding sleeve shaft is threadably connected to the support base.

10. The plasma cutting torch of any of claims 1-9 wherein the deflector ring and the nozzle are each made of a tungsten copper alloy.