CN212359969U - Gel propellant injector and engine thrust chamber - Google Patents
Gel propellant injector and engine thrust chamber Download PDFInfo
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- CN212359969U CN212359969U CN202021585903.8U CN202021585903U CN212359969U CN 212359969 U CN212359969 U CN 212359969U CN 202021585903 U CN202021585903 U CN 202021585903U CN 212359969 U CN212359969 U CN 212359969U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a gel propellant insufflator and engine thrust chamber, the insufflator includes four nozzles, four nozzles are first nozzle respectively, the second nozzle, third nozzle and fourth nozzle, first nozzle, the second nozzle is used for spouting fuel gel propellant, the third nozzle, the fourth nozzle is used for spouting oxidant gel propellant, first nozzle, the third nozzle, the second nozzle, the fourth nozzle sets gradually around the center pin, the injection direction of first nozzle, the injection direction striking of second nozzle is in the same place, the injection direction of third nozzle, the injection direction striking of fourth nozzle is in the same place. The fuel gel propellant and the oxidant gel propellant are obliquely arranged in pairs respectively, so that a better atomization effect can be achieved; especially, under the conditions of large difference of physicochemical properties, different rheological properties, severe change of ambient temperature and the like of the fuel gel propellant and the oxidant gel propellant, ideal atomization mixing effect can be obtained, and the stability and controllability are good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gel propellant injector and engine thrust room can be applied to fields such as aerospace, energy power, chemical material and medical health.
Background
The gel is a high molecular solution or sol with a certain concentration. Colloidal particles or macromolecules in a solution or sol are interconnected under conditions to form a spatial network, the voids of which are filled with a liquid or gas as the dispersion medium, and such a special dispersion system is called a gel. As the concentration of the additive increases, the viscosity of the gel generally increases and eventually loses fluidity, and the whole system becomes an elastic semi-solid with uniform appearance and certain shape.
The gel material has two properties of liquid and solid, and can be always kept in a certain state when no external force is applied, and the shape can be freely changed when external force is applied. Therefore, gelled fuels have significant advantages in some applications. Taking aerospace as an example, gel propellant is a novel rocket propellant with good development prospect and is widely concerned by countries in the world. The gel propellant has the advantages of both solid propellant and liquid propellant, can realize thrust regulation and multiple shutdown and starting, overcomes the defects of high danger of the liquid propellant, complex engine structure and the like, is not easy to leak, can be stored for a long time, is insensitive to impact and the like, is safe and efficient, and is an effective way for realizing flexible energy control of the engine.
Common gel propellant ingredients include unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, dinitrogen tetroxide, carboxyvinyl polymers, carboxymethylcellulose, kerosene, ethanol, mineral oil, carboxyvinyl water-based gels, agar, xanthan gum, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the like. For some high-viscosity gels, even if the jet speed is greatly improved, the jet can only form a liquid film structure after being impacted, and is difficult to break to form liquid drops. The addition of metal particles such as aluminum magnesium contributes to the improvement of the energy performance of the gel propellant, but the addition of solid particles increases the viscosity of the gel propellant and makes atomization more difficult.
Compared with the traditional liquid propellant, the gel propellant is a typical non-Newtonian fluid, has complex rheological property and is difficult to atomize well. High-quality atomization can generate a large amount of small liquid drops, the reaction contact area is greatly increased, and the high-efficiency combustion of the propellant is premised and basic. Because the properties such as density, rheological property, surface tension and the like of the fuel gel propellant and the oxidant gel propellant are greatly different and are greatly influenced by temperature, the traditional injectors such as a double-strand impact type injector, a three-strand impact type injector and the like are difficult to give consideration to momentum balance and chemical balance, the atomization effect is poor and the stability is poor. Therefore, there is a need to develop an injector suitable for gel propellants with good atomization.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a gel propellant injector and engine thrust room in order to overcome the not good defect of atomization effect during injector blowout gel propellant among the prior art.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical problem is solved through following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses a gel propellant injector, the injector includes four nozzles, four the nozzle is first nozzle, second nozzle, third nozzle and fourth nozzle respectively, first nozzle, second nozzle are used for spouting fuel gel propellant, third nozzle, fourth nozzle are used for spouting oxidant gel propellant, first nozzle, third nozzle, second nozzle, fourth nozzle set gradually around the center pin, the jet direction of first nozzle the jet direction striking of second nozzle is in the same place, the jet direction of third nozzle the jet direction striking of fourth nozzle is in the same place.
Preferably, a spatial point where the jet direction of the first nozzle and the jet direction of the second nozzle impinge together is a first impingement point, a spatial point where the jet direction of the third nozzle and the jet direction of the fourth nozzle impinge together is a second impingement point, and the first impingement point and the second impingement point do not coincide.
Preferably, the nozzle comprises a housing and a plurality of helical blades, the housing comprises a contraction section and an injection port, the contraction section is in a circular truncated cone shape taking the injection direction as an axis, and the injection port is positioned at one end of the contraction section with a smaller diameter; the spiral blade is attached to the inner surface of the shell, the spiral blade is spirally wound around the spraying direction, the width of the spiral blade is gradually reduced towards the direction of the spraying opening, and the spiral blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shell.
Preferably, the helical direction of the helical blades of a pair of nozzles whose jet directions impinge together are opposite.
Preferably, the jet orifice is annular, the diameter D of the jet orifice is 0.26mm to 3.80mm, and the length h of the jet orifice is 0.1mm to 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 25-60 degrees; an included angle of two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 45-95 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 12-75 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 2-4; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.3-1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5 to 0.9; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.5 to 0.9; the intersection point between the outer end face of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 8-35.
Preferably, the ejection openings are annular, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the first and second nozzles is 0.4mm, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the third and fourth nozzles is 0.6mm, and the length h of the ejection openings is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 35 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 80 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 35 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 4; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 1; the screwThe distance from the nearest point of the blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.8; the intersection point between the outer end face of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 20.
Preferably, the ejection openings are annular, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the first and second nozzles is 0.9mm, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the third and fourth nozzles is 1mm, and the length h of the ejection openings is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 45 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 60 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.6; the intersection point between the outer end surface of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 12.
Preferably, the ejection openings are annular, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the first and second nozzles is 1.2mm, the diameter D of the ejection openings of the third and fourth nozzles is 1.6mm, and the length h of the ejection openings is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 60 degrees; the same as the contraction sectionAn included angle between two buses in a radial plane is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 50 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 2; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.3; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.5; the intersection point between the outer end surface of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 8.
The utility model discloses an engine thrust room, engine thrust room includes a plurality of gel propellant insufflators, the insufflator is as above-mentioned technical scheme.
Preferably, the engine thrust chamber further comprises a combustion chamber for mixing and combusting the atomized gel propellant and a distribution disc; the distribution disc is arranged at an inlet of the combustion chamber, the injectors are arranged on the distribution disc, and the injection directions of the nozzles of the injectors face the combustion chamber.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined at will to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
The utility model discloses an actively advance the effect and lie in:
the gel propellant injector and the engine thrust chamber obliquely and oppositely arrange the fuel gel propellant and the oxidant gel propellant in pairs respectively to achieve better atomization effect; especially, under the conditions of large difference of physicochemical properties, different rheological properties, severe change of ambient temperature and the like of the fuel gel propellant and the oxidant gel propellant, ideal atomization mixing effect can be obtained, and the stability and controllability are good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the engine thrust chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gel propellant injector of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a front view of the gel propellant injector shown in figure 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a nozzle of the gel propellant injector shown in fig. 2.
Figure 5 is a top view of the nozzle of the gel propellant injector shown in figure 4.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the nozzle of the gel propellant injector shown in fig. 4.
Description of the reference numerals
Casing 101
First nozzle 20
Second nozzle 30
Third nozzle 40
Fourth nozzle 50
Center shaft 60
First point of impact 70
Second point of impact 80
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the engine thrust chamber is an assembly for performing propellant energy conversion and generating thrust in a rocket engine, and is composed of an injector 100, a combustion chamber 200, and a nozzle 300, wherein the injector 100 is disposed at an inlet of the combustion chamber 200, and the nozzle 300 is disposed at an outlet of the combustion chamber 200. The gel propellant is sprayed from the injector 100 to form an atomized propellant, which is mixed and combusted in the combustion chamber 200, and the nozzle 300 converts the thermal energy of the combustion products into kinetic energy to generate a high-speed jet.
Wherein, the number of injectors 100 may be provided in plurality, a plurality of injectors 100 are arranged on a distribution plate 400, the distribution plate 400 is provided at an inlet of the combustion chamber 200, and the injection directions of the nozzles 10 of the injectors 100 are directed toward the combustion chamber 200.
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, in order to achieve a better atomization effect of the gel propellant, the injector 100 includes four nozzles 10, the four nozzles 10 are respectively a first nozzle 20, a second nozzle 30, a third nozzle 40 and a fourth nozzle 50, the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are used for ejecting the fuel gel propellant, the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are used for ejecting the oxidizer gel propellant, the first nozzle 20, the third nozzle 40, the second nozzle 30 and the fourth nozzle 50 are sequentially arranged around a central axis 60, an ejection direction of the first nozzle 20 and an ejection direction of the second nozzle 30 collide with each other, and an ejection direction of the third nozzle 40 and an ejection direction of the fourth nozzle 50 collide with each other.
The first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are used as a group of nozzles 10 which are oppositely arranged, and the spraying directions of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are impacted together, namely the fuel gel propellant sprayed from the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 is impacted together; the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are used as another group of nozzles 10 which are oppositely arranged, and the jet directions of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are impacted together, namely the oxidizer gel propellant jetted from the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 is impacted together. According to the injector, the two fuel gel propellants are obliquely and oppositely impacted, the two oxidizer gel propellants are obliquely and oppositely impacted, and the gel propellants are good in atomization effect and good in stability after being impacted.
The spatial point where the jet direction of the first nozzle 20 and the jet direction of the second nozzle 30 collide together is a first collision point 70, the spatial point where the jet direction of the third nozzle 40 and the jet direction of the fourth nozzle 50 collide together is a second collision point 80, and the first collision point 70 and the second collision point 80 do not overlap. The fuel gel propellant and the oxidizer gel propellant are impacted respectively, namely the gel propellants with the same physical and chemical properties and temperature are impacted together, so that the gel propellant is not influenced by the difference of the physical and chemical properties and the temperature of the propellant in the atomization process, the impact deflection, the raw material waste and the like are avoided, the momentum balance and the chemical balance can be simultaneously met, the atomization effect and the stability are good, and the method is convenient and reliable.
As shown in fig. 4, the nozzle 10 includes a housing 101 and a plurality of spiral blades 102, the housing 101 includes a contracting section 103 and an injection port 104, the contracting section 103 is in a circular truncated cone shape with the injection direction as an axis, and the injection port 104 is located at one end of the contracting section 103 with a smaller diameter; the helical blade 102 is attached to the inner surface of the casing 101, the helical blade 102 is formed in a spiral shape around the injection direction, the width of the helical blade 102 is gradually reduced toward the injection port 104, and the plurality of helical blades 102 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 101.
Gel propellant enters the nozzle 10 of the injector 100 from a supply system and forms a suitable swirling flow under the action of the helical blades 102 inside the nozzle 10. By arranging the helical blade 102 in the nozzle 10, the rotational flow direction and the strength of the gel propellant can be adjusted, the viscosity and the pressure loss of the gel propellant are reduced, the cracking process of jet flow is strengthened, and the atomization effect is improved.
The spiral directions of the spiral blades 102 of the pair of nozzles 10 that impinge together in the injection direction are opposite, that is, the spiral directions of the spiral blades 102 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are opposite, and the spiral directions of the spiral blades 102 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are opposite. Through the arrangement, the difference of the rotational flow directions of the two gel propellants sprayed by the pair of nozzles 10 can be enhanced, and a better atomization effect is generated during collision.
As shown in fig. 3 to 6, the ejection port 104 is annular, the diameter D of the ejection port 104 is 0.26mm to 3.80mm, and the length h of the ejection port 104 is 0.1mm to 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle 10 and the central shaft 60 is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 25-60 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 45-95 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 12m/s to 75m/s(ii) a The number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 2-4; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.3-1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5 to 0.9; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2，h1/h20.5 to 0.9; the intersection point between the outer end face of the injection port 104 of the nozzle 10 and the injection direction is an injection point 105, the distance between the injection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 which impact together in the injection direction is L, and L/D is 8-35.
The injector 100, which is disposed within the above size range, can achieve the best atomization effect. The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1
Methyl hydrazine gel is used as a fuel gel propellant and dinitrogen tetroxide gel is used as an oxidant gel propellant, namely the gel propellant sprayed by the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 is methyl hydrazine gel, and the gel propellant sprayed by the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 is dinitrogen tetroxide gel.
The ejection openings 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection openings 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 0.4mm, the diameters D of the ejection openings 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 0.6mm, and the lengths h of the ejection openings 104 are 1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 35 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 80 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 35 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 4; the number m of the spiral blades 102 around the spraying direction is 1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of injectionDegree of h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2，h1/h20.8; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 20.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 230 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 2
Compared with example 1, the performance of the gel propellant is improved by adding carbon particles with the average particle size of 15 microns and the mass concentration of 20%.
The ejection ports 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 0.9mm, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 1mm, and the length h of the ejection ports 104 is 1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 45 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 60 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2， h1/h20.6; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 12.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 120 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 3
Compared with example 1, the performance is improved by adding aluminum particles with the average particle size of 10 microns and the mass concentration of 35% in the gel propellant.
The ejection ports 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 1.2mm, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 1.6mm, and the lengths h of the ejection ports 104 are 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 60 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 50 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 per nozzle 10 is 2; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.3; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2，h1/h20.5; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 8.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 150 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 4
Compared with example 1, the performance of the gel propellant is improved by adding carbon particles with the average particle size of 15 microns and the mass concentration of 20%.
The ejection ports 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 0.9mm, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 1mm, and the length h of the ejection ports 104 is 1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 45 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 60 degrees; the velocities V of the outlet gels of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 were 75m/s, and those of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 wereThe speed V of the outlet gel is 60 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2， h1/h20.6; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 12.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 100 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 5
Compared with example 1, the performance of the gel propellant is improved by adding carbon particles with the average particle size of 15 microns and the mass concentration of 20%.
The ejection ports 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 0.9mm, the diameters D of the ejection ports 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 1mm, and the length h of the ejection ports 104 is 1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 45 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 60 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 50 m/s; the number n of the spiral blades 102 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 is 4, and the number m of the spiral blades 102 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 around the injection direction is 0.3; the number n of the helical blades 102 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 is 2, and the number m of the helical blades 102 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 in the circumferential injection direction is 1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1A constriction section 103Height in the jetting direction is h2，h1/h20.6; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 12.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 110 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 6
Compared with example 1, the performance of the gel propellant is improved by adding carbon particles with the average particle size of 15 microns and the mass concentration of 20%.
The ejection openings 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameters D of the ejection openings 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 are 0.26mm, the diameters D of the ejection openings 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 are 1mm, and the length h of the ejection openings 104 is 0.1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 25 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 45 degrees; the speed V of the outlet gel of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 is 75m/s, and the speed V of the outlet gel of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 is 60 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2，h1/h20.5; the intersection point between the outer end face of the ejection opening 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and the distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 8.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 80 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Example 7
Compared with example 1, the performance of the gel propellant is improved by adding carbon particles with the average particle size of 15 microns and the mass concentration of 20%.
The ejection ports 104 of the nozzles 10 are annular, the diameter D of the ejection ports 104 of the first nozzle 20 and the second nozzle 30 is 3.8mm, the diameter D of the ejection ports 104 of the third nozzle 40 and the fourth nozzle 50 is 1mm, and the length h of the ejection ports 104 is 1 mm; an included angle between the injection direction of the nozzle 10 and the central axis 60 is a jet flow inclination angle α, and the jet flow inclination angle α is 45 °; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section 103 is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 90 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle 10 is 12 m/s; the number n of the helical blades 102 of each nozzle 10 is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade 102 around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade 102 to the injection direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section 103 in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section 103 is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.9; the height of the helical blade 102 in the direction of the jet is h1The height of the constriction 103 in the direction of the jet is h2， h1/h20.9; an intersection point between the outer end surface of the ejection port 104 of the nozzle 10 and the ejection direction is an ejection point 105, and a distance between the ejection points 105 of the pair of nozzles 10 that the ejection directions impinge together is L, where L/D is 35.
According to the injector 100 having the above dimensions, the average atomized particle diameter SMD of the sprayed gel propellant is 320 μm, and the atomization effect is excellent.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and the principles of the present invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A gel propellant injector characterized by: the injector comprises four nozzles, wherein the four nozzles are respectively a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle and a fourth nozzle, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are used for ejecting fuel gel propellant, the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle are used for ejecting oxidant gel propellant, the first nozzle, the third nozzle, the second nozzle and the fourth nozzle are sequentially arranged around a central shaft, the ejection direction of the first nozzle and the ejection direction of the second nozzle are impacted together, and the ejection direction of the third nozzle and the ejection direction of the fourth nozzle are impacted together.
2. The gel propellant injector as defined in claim 1 wherein: the space point where the jet direction of the first nozzle and the jet direction of the second nozzle impact together is a first impact point, the space point where the jet direction of the third nozzle and the jet direction of the fourth nozzle impact together is a second impact point, and the first impact point and the second impact point are not overlapped.
3. The gel propellant injector of claim 1, wherein said nozzle comprises:
the shell comprises a contraction section and a jet orifice, the contraction section is in a circular truncated cone shape taking the injection direction as an axis, and the jet orifice is positioned at one end of the contraction section with a smaller diameter;
the spiral blades are attached to the inner surface of the shell, the spiral blades are spirally wound around the injection direction, the width of the spiral blades is gradually reduced towards the direction of the injection port, and the spiral blades are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the shell.
4. A gel propellant injector as defined in claim 3 wherein: the spiral lines of the spiral blades of a pair of nozzles with the spraying directions impacting together are opposite.
5. A gel propellant injector as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein: the jet orifice is annular, the diameter D of the jet orifice is 0.26 mm-3.80 mm, and the jet orifice is provided with a jet orificeThe length h is 0.1 mm-1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 25-60 degrees; an included angle of two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 45-95 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 12-75 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 2-4; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.3-1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5 to 0.9; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.5 to 0.9; the intersection point between the outer end face of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 8-35.
6. A gel propellant injector as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein: the diameter D of the injection ports of the first nozzle and the second nozzle is 0.4mm, the diameter D of the injection ports of the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle is 0.6mm, and the length h of the injection ports is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 35 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 80 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 35 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 4; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 1; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.8; the intersection point between the outer end face of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 20.
7. A gel propellant injector as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein: the diameter D of the injection ports of the first nozzle and the second nozzle is 0.9mm, the diameter D of the injection ports of the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle is 1mm, and the length h of the injection ports is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 45 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 60 degrees; the speed V of the gel at the outlet of the nozzle is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 3; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.5; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.75; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.6; the intersection point between the outer end surface of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 12.
8. A gel propellant injector as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein: the diameter D of the injection ports of the first nozzle and the second nozzle is 1.2mm, the diameter D of the injection ports of the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle is 1.6mm, and the length h of the injection ports is 1 mm; an included angle between the spraying direction of the nozzle and the central shaft is a jet flow inclination angle alpha, and the jet flow inclination angle alpha is 60 degrees; an included angle between two buses in the same radial plane of the contraction section is a contraction angle beta, and the contraction angle beta is 50 degrees; the nozzle outlet gelThe speed V is 50 m/s; the number n of the helical blades of each nozzle is 2; the number m of turns of the spiral blade around the spraying direction is 0.3; the distance from the closest point of the spiral blade to the spraying direction to the inner circumferential surface of the contraction section in the radial direction is A, and the diameter of the contraction section is D0A/D in the same radial plane00.5; the height of the helical blade along the injection direction is h1The height of the contraction section along the spraying direction is h2，h1/h20.5; the intersection point between the outer end surface of the jet orifice of the nozzle and the jet direction is a jet point, the distance between the jet points of the pair of nozzles which impact together in the jet direction is L, and L/D is 8.
9. An engine thrust chamber, characterized by: the engine thrust chamber comprises a plurality of gel propellant injectors as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The engine thrust chamber of claim 9, further comprising:
a combustion chamber for mixing and combusting the atomized gel propellant;
the distribution disc is arranged at the inlet of the combustion chamber, the injectors are arranged on the distribution disc, and the injection directions of the nozzles of the injectors face the combustion chamber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021585903.8U CN212359969U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Gel propellant injector and engine thrust chamber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021585903.8U CN212359969U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Gel propellant injector and engine thrust chamber |
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| CN212359969U true CN212359969U (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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| CN202021585903.8U Active CN212359969U (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Gel propellant injector and engine thrust chamber |
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| CN (1) | CN212359969U (en) |
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