CN212323715U - Automatic protection circuit for input power supply of automobile controller - Google Patents
Automatic protection circuit for input power supply of automobile controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN212323715U CN212323715U CN201921731867.9U CN201921731867U CN212323715U CN 212323715 U CN212323715 U CN 212323715U CN 201921731867 U CN201921731867 U CN 201921731867U CN 212323715 U CN212323715 U CN 212323715U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an automatic protection circuit for an input power supply of an automobile controller, which connects a voltage stabilizing diode D1 between an emitting electrode and a collecting electrode of a transistor Q1; a resistor R1 is arranged between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q1; the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 through the resistor R3, and the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2; the base electrode of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base electrode of the transistor Q1 and the source electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R5; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 and the source of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R4; the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of a P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R6, and the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 is the output terminal. The utility model discloses a control MOS pipe leads to or ends the protection that realizes the protection power, has solved the controller because of overflowing the problem that leads to the unable work of power and security to reduce. The over-current and over-voltage protection of the power circuit can be realized in real time, and the power circuit can be restored, so that the cost and the time are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electronic equipment technical field, especially a car controller input power automatic protection circuit.
Background
At present, overcurrent protection of an input power supply of an automobile controller mainly adopts a fuse protector protection scheme, a resistor current-limiting protection scheme or a common protection scheme of a resistor and the fuse protector for overcurrent protection, and each protection circuit has the following defects:
fuse protection disadvantages: the circuit can not be recovered, and even if the controller recovers to be normal after the fuse is fused due to the short circuit of the controller, the fuse can not work continuously, and the fuse needs to be replaced again, so that inconvenience and cost waste are caused.
Resistance current limiting protection shortcoming: series connection current-limiting resistor on the power cord, for reaching the protection effect, series connection resistance and power are great, receive series connection resistance power restriction, and the power can't provide higher power, and current-limiting resistor produces the voltage drop at the controller during operation, makes the operating voltage of controller reduce, leads to controller work unstability easily, and current-limiting resistor constantly generates heat at work simultaneously, if the heat dissipation is not in time, takes place thermal runaway easily, leads to the risk increase of catching fire.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic protection circuit for an input power of an automobile controller, which adopts the on-state and the off-state of a field effect transistor to realize the automatic protection function of the input power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
the automatic protection circuit for the input power supply of the automobile controller comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a P-channel MOS transistor Q4, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5;
the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the emitter of the transistor Q1;
the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q1;
a resistor R1 is arranged between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q1;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 through a resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2;
the base electrode of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base electrode of the transistor Q1 and the source electrode of a P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R5;
the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 and the source of a P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R4;
the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R6, and the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 is the output terminal of the protection circuit.
Further, a capacitor C1 is also included; the capacitor C1 is connected between the anode of the zener diode D1 and ground.
Further, the transistor Q1 is a PNP triode Q1; or the transistor Q2 is an NPN triode Q2; or the transistor Q3 is an NPN triode Q3.
Further, the transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor Q1;
the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the source electrode of a P-channel MOS tube Q1;
the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the drain of a P-channel MOS tube Q1;
a resistor R1 is arranged between the source and the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1,
the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2;
the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the grid electrode of an NPN triode Q3 through a resistor R3;
the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of an NPN transistor Q3 through a resistor R5.
Further, the transistor Q2 is an N-channel MOS transistor Q2; or the transistor Q3 is an N-channel MOS transistor Q3.
Further, the gate of the N-channel MOS transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 through a resistor R3;
the source electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the ground;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the gate electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5;
the grid electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected to the grid electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R6;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R4;
the source of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is grounded.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
the input power protection circuit of the automobile controller provided by the invention realizes the protection of the protection power through the conduction and the cut-off of the field effect transistor, and solves the problems that the power cannot work due to overcurrent of the controller, the power cannot be recovered after the controller recovers to be normal, and the controller works unstably and has low safety after the power of the controller is subjected to current-limiting protection.
The circuit can realize the real-time protection of overcurrent and overvoltage of the power supply circuit and can restore, the resistance value of the R1 resistor is very small in the working process of the circuit, the resistance value is generally a few tenths of ohms, the heat generation is small, the trouble of replacing a fuse for restoring the circuit to work is avoided, and the cost and the time are saved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.
Drawings
In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the utility model clearer, the utility model provides a following figure explains:
fig. 1 is a triode diagram of an input power protection circuit of an automobile controller.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an input power protection circuit MOS of an automobile controller.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the input power protection circuit for an automobile controller provided in this embodiment includes a zener diode D1, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a P-channel MOS transistor Q4, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C1;
the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the emitter of the transistor Q1;
the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q1;
a resistor R1 is arranged between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q1;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 through a resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2;
the base electrode of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base electrode of the transistor Q1 and the source electrode of a P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R5;
the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 and the source of a P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R4;
the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R6, and the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 is the output terminal of the protection circuit.
The capacitor C1 is connected between the anode of the zener diode D1 and ground.
The transistor Q1 of the present embodiment is a PNP transistor Q1; or the transistor Q2 is an NPN triode Q2; or the transistor Q3 is an NPN triode Q3; the voltage stabilizing value of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 is the maximum voltage value required to be protected by the circuit;
the resistor R1 is connected between the emitter and the base of the PNP triode Q1, the collector of the PNP triode Q1 is connected to ground through the resistor R2 and is also connected to the base of the NPN triode Q3 through the resistor R3, the emitter of the NPN triode Q3 is connected to ground, the collector of the NPN triode Q3 is connected to the base of the NPN triode Q2 and is also connected to the base of the PNP triode Q1 and the source of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through the resistor R5, the emitter of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to ground, the collector of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the base of the PNP triode Q1 and the source of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through the resistor R4 and is also connected to the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through the resistor R6, and the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4.
The working principle of the circuit is as follows:
when no overcurrent occurs at the output end of the power supply, the voltage drop of the resistor R1 is smaller than the conduction voltage between the emitter and the base of the PNP triode Q1, so that conduction current cannot be formed between the emitter and the base, the PNP triode Q1 is cut off, the base of the NPN triode Q3 is connected to the ground through the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, the NPN triode Q3 is cut off, the base of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the power supply through the resistor R5, the NPN triode Q2 is connected, the grid of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the ground through the resistor R6 and the NPN triode Q2, the P-channel MOS transistor Q.
When overcurrent occurs at the output end of the power supply, the voltage drop of the resistor R1 is larger than the conducting voltage between the emitter and the base of the PNP triode Q1, so that conducting current is formed between the emitter and the base, the PNP triode Q1 is conducted, the base of the NPN triode Q3 is connected to the power supply through R3 and the PNP triode Q1, the NPN triode Q3 is conducted, the base of the NPN triode Q2 is connected to the ground through the NPN triode Q3, the NPN triode Q2 is cut off, the gate of the Q4 is connected to the power supply through the resistor R6 and the resistor R4, so that the voltage between the gate and the source of the P-channel MOS Q4 is 0V, the P-channel MOS Q4 is cut off, when the P-channel MOS Q4 is cut off, the voltage drop of the resistor R1 is 0V, so that the Q1 is cut off, the NPN triode Q3 is cut off, the NPN triode Q9 is conducted, the P-channel MOS Q4 is conducted, and, when the output overcurrent returns to normal, the PNP triode Q1 is cut off, the NPN triode Q3 is cut off, the NPN triode Q2 is conducted, the P-channel MOS tube Q4 is conducted, and the power supply outputs normally.
The capacitor C1 is an energy storage discharge capacitor, and functions to stabilize the base voltage of the NPN transistor Q3, so that the on-time of the NPN transistor Q3 is longer than the off-time during overcurrent protection, and the power output voltage approaches to a stable 0V during short-circuit protection.
The circuit also has an overvoltage protection function, when the input voltage of a power supply exceeds the protection voltage value of a voltage regulator tube D1, the voltage regulator tube D1 is broken down and conducted, the base electrode of an NPN triode Q3 is connected to the power supply through a resistor R3 and a voltage regulator diode D1, an NPN triode Q3 is conducted, the base electrode of an NPN triode Q2 is connected to the ground through a Q3, the NPN triode Q2 is cut off, the grid electrode and source electrode voltage of a P-channel MOS tube Q4 is 0V, the P-channel MOS tube Q4 is cut off, and the output of the power supply is 0V.
When the power supply input overvoltage recovers to be normal, the voltage stabilizing diode is cut off, the base electrode of the NPN triode Q3 is connected to the ground through the resistor R3 and the resistor R2, the NPN triode Q3 is cut off, the NPN triode Q2 is conducted, the grid electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 is connected to the ground through the resistor R6 and the NPN triode Q2, the P-channel MOS tube Q4 is conducted, and the power supply normally outputs.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a PNP triode Q1 in the input power protection circuit of the vehicle controller provided in this embodiment may be replaced with a P-channel MOS transistor Q1, an NPN triode Q2 and an NPN triode Q3 may be replaced with an N-channel MOS transistor, and a negative electrode of the zener diode D1 is connected to a source of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1; the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the drain of a P-channel MOS tube Q1; a resistor R1 is arranged between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1, and the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2; the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the grid electrode of an NPN triode Q3 through a resistor R3; the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of an NPN transistor Q3 through a resistor R5.
The grid electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected with the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R3; the source electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the ground; the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the gate electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2; the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5; the grid electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected to the grid electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5; the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R6; the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R4; the source of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is grounded.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutes or changes made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the utility model are all within the protection scope of the utility model. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an automobile controller input power automatic protection circuit which characterized in that: the device comprises a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a transistor Q3, a P-channel MOS transistor Q4, a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a resistor R5;
the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the emitter of the transistor Q1;
the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the collector of a transistor Q1;
a resistor R1 is arranged between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q1;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2;
the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 through a resistor R3, the emitter of the transistor Q3 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q2;
the base electrode of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base electrode of the transistor Q1 and the source electrode of a P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R5;
the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 and the source of a P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R4;
the collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 through a resistor R6, and the drain of the P-channel MOS transistor Q4 is the output terminal of the protection circuit.
2. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: also included is a capacitor C1; the capacitor C1 is connected between the anode of the zener diode D1 and ground.
3. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the transistor Q1 is a PNP triode Q1; or the transistor Q2 is an NPN triode Q2; or the transistor Q3 is an NPN triode Q3.
4. The protection circuit of claim 1, wherein: the transistor Q1 is a P-channel MOS transistor Q1;
the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the source electrode of a P-channel MOS tube Q1;
the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode D1 is connected with the drain of a P-channel MOS tube Q1;
a resistor R1 is arranged between the source and the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1,
the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the ground through a resistor R2;
the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 is connected with the grid electrode of an NPN triode Q3 through a resistor R3;
the gate of the P-channel MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of an NPN transistor Q3 through a resistor R5.
5. The protection circuit of claim 4, wherein: the transistor Q2 is an N-channel MOS transistor Q2; or the transistor Q3 is an N-channel MOS transistor Q3.
6. The protection circuit of claim 5, wherein: the grid electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected with the drain electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R3;
the source electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the ground;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected to the gate electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q3 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5;
the grid electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected to the grid electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q1 through a resistor R5;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the gate electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R6;
the drain electrode of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is connected with the source electrode of the P-channel MOS tube Q4 through a resistor R4;
the source of the N-channel MOS tube Q2 is grounded.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921731867.9U CN212323715U (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Automatic protection circuit for input power supply of automobile controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921731867.9U CN212323715U (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Automatic protection circuit for input power supply of automobile controller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212323715U true CN212323715U (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921731867.9U Active CN212323715U (en) | 2019-10-16 | 2019-10-16 | Automatic protection circuit for input power supply of automobile controller |
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| CN (1) | CN212323715U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113437726A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Reverse-connection-preventing self-recovery overcurrent protection circuit |
-
2019
- 2019-10-16 CN CN201921731867.9U patent/CN212323715U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113437726A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Reverse-connection-preventing self-recovery overcurrent protection circuit |
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