CN212250002U - Underground fluid identification device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology - Google Patents
Underground fluid identification device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a downhole fluid recognition device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology, which comprises a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and an armored optical cable, wherein the armored optical cable is arranged outside a metal sleeve or inside the metal sleeve or fixed outside an oil pipe or inside the oil pipe; three-component optical fiber electric field sensors and three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors are uniformly distributed in the armored optical cable; the armored optical cable is connected with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument on the ground. The method comprises the steps that a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source continuously excites a forward and reverse square wave source signal with the duty ratio of 1 to the underground, the proportion of water, oil and gas in multiphase fluid at each measuring point position is determined according to the actual resistivity value of the fluid inside and outside a metal sleeve or inside and outside an oil pipe, and the online real-time measurement, identification and long-term dynamic monitoring of the change rule of underground fluid in the development and production process of an oil-gas production well or a liquid injection displacement well are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the distributed optical fiber sensing, concretely relates to fluid recognition device in pit based on distributed optical fiber sensing technique.
Background
The optical fiber sensing technology started in 1977 and developed rapidly along with the development of the optical fiber communication technology, and the optical fiber sensing technology is an important mark for measuring the informatization degree of a country. The optical fiber sensing technology is widely applied to the fields of military affairs, national defense, aerospace, industrial and mining enterprises, energy environmental protection, industrial control, medicine and health, metering test, building, household appliances and the like, and has a wide market. There are hundreds of fiber sensing technologies in the world, and physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, displacement, vibration, rotation, bending, liquid level, speed, acceleration, sound field, current, voltage, magnetic field, radiation and the like realize sensing with different performances.
The downhole optical fiber sensing system can be used downhole to make measurements of stress, strain, pressure, temperature, noise, vibration, acoustic, seismic, flow, compositional analysis, electric and magnetic fields. The system is based on a full armored optical cable structure, and the sensor and the connecting and data transmission cable are all made of optical fibers. At present, there are various underground armored optical cables, such as those placed in an underground control pipeline, placed in a coiled tubing, directly integrated into the wall of the coiled tubing made of composite material, bound and fixed outside the coiled tubing, placed in a casing, bound and fixed outside the casing and permanently fixed with well-cementing cement.
There are many existing methods for identifying downhole fluids, such as a nuclear magnetic resonance downhole fluid identification apparatus and its downhole fluid identification probe, a downhole fluid sensor with a conductive cover, a guided wave downhole fluid sensor, spectral imaging of downhole fluid characteristics, a downhole fluid sensing apparatus, a single-ring impedance sensor for measuring downhole fluid water content, a downhole fluid in-situ raman detection system, a distributed optical fiber sensing downhole fluid distribution monitoring system, a downhole fluid spectral analysis apparatus, a device for performing downhole fluid analysis using a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) or other sensors, a composite downhole fluid identification and parameter measurement apparatus, and the like. Most of the methods, devices or systems for identifying the underground fluid have the defects of complex underground sensor or probe structure, difficult and tedious installation process, low reliability and accuracy and difficult realization of online real-time measurement or monitoring of the underground fluid of the whole well section under the condition of not influencing the normal production of the oil-gas well.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a fluid recognition device in pit based on distributed optical fiber sensing technique, utilize and stride the well head or the high-power big loop electromagnetic source around the well head or the high-power big loop that lays by the well head, lay outside the cover or in the cover or fix the armor optical cable outside the oil pipe or in the oil pipe, measure fluid electrical parameter's in the pit three-component optical fiber electric field sensor and three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor, ground optical fiber sensing signal's composite modulation demodulation instrument, constitute fluid recognition device in pit based on distributed optical fiber sensing technique.
In order to achieve the above object, the specific technical solution of the present invention is:
the underground fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology comprises a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and an armored optical cable, wherein the armored optical cable is arranged outside a metal sleeve or inside the metal sleeve or fixed outside an oil pipe or inside the oil pipe; three-component optical fiber electric field sensors and three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors are uniformly distributed in the armored optical cable; the armored optical cable is connected with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument on the ground.
The ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source is a high-power dipole current source distributed across or beside a well or a high-power large loop electromagnetic source surrounding a well mouth, and the distance between two underground power supply electrodes of the high-power dipole current source is 1000-5000 meters; the diameter of the large-power loop electromagnetic source or the side length of each large loop is 1000 to 2000 meters, and the ground large-power electromagnetic excitation source continuously excites underground with a forward and reverse direction wave source signal with the duty ratio of 1.
Preferably, the armored optical cable is fixed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve by an annular outer metal clip (10) or is fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe by an inner metal clip;
or, the armored optical cable is provided with a permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet ring, so that the armored optical cable is adsorbed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve or the inner wall of the oil pipe.
The permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet rings are uniformly distributed on the armored optical cable, and the distance between the permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet rings is 5-10 meters; the permanent high-temperature resistant magnet ring is sleeved with an isolating ring, and the isolating ring is made of water-soluble or oil-soluble high polymer materials.
Furthermore, the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor is an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting an electro-luminescence absorption effect or an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting a piezoelectric elasto-optical effect;
the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor is an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a Faraday effect or an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a magnetostrictive effect;
the distance between the adjacent three-component optical fiber electric field sensors is 5-10 m, and the distance between the adjacent three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors is 5-10 m;
the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor and the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor are alternately arranged.
Furthermore, two high-temperature-resistant multimode optical fibers with the tail ends welded together are further arranged in the armored optical cable and used for accurately measuring the absolute temperature and the relative temperature change of the underground armored optical cable.
Furthermore, the composite modulation and demodulation instrument is a composite modulation and demodulation instrument TDS/P-OTDR of a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing DTS and an optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing P-OTDR, and a DTS signal modulation and demodulation module is a DTS modulation and demodulation module with a double-end input function; the composite modulation and demodulation instrument comprises data acquisition and modulation and demodulation functions of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing and optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing.
The measuring method of the underground fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, synchronously and slowly putting the metal sleeve and the armored optical cable into a drilled well hole, and fixing;
s2, respectively connecting optical fibers in the armored optical cable out of the wellhead to corresponding optical fiber input ends of the composite modulation and demodulation instrument; starting a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source, and continuously exciting forward and reverse direction wave source signals with the duty ratio of 1 to the underground; starting a composite modulation and demodulation instrument, and continuously recording a signal of back scattering light of an optical fiber in the underground armored optical cable;
s3, demodulating the recorded signals into absolute temperature and relative temperature change values along the optical cable, three-component electric field data and three-component magnetic field data along each measuring point of the armored optical cable by using an optical signal modulation-demodulation algorithm and a program in the composite modulation-demodulation instrument;
s4, selecting a proper device coefficient according to the geometric parameters of the ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and the geometric coordinates of the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor and the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor, and converting the measured three-component electric field data and three-component magnetic field data along each measuring point of the armored optical cable into resistivity data of each measuring point;
s5, according to the relation template of the fluid resistivity and the temperature, carrying out temperature correction on the resistivity data of each measuring point along the armored optical cable by using the absolute temperature value of the underground armored optical cable measured by DTS (data transfer system) to obtain the true resistivity value of the fluid inside and outside the underground metal casing pipe or inside and outside the oil pipe;
s6, measuring the relation between the resistivity of the multiphase fluid of water, oil and gas and the proportion of each phase of fluid in a laboratory, and determining the proportion of water, oil and gas in the multiphase fluid at each measuring point according to the real resistivity value of the fluid measured inside and outside the metal casing or inside and outside the oil pipe in the underground so as to realize the online real-time measurement, identification and long-term dynamic monitoring of the change rule of the underground fluid in the development and production process of the oil and gas production well or the liquid injection displacement well.
The fixing in the step S1 specifically includes the following modes;
for the armored optical cable distributed in the metal sleeve, the outer metal clip is arranged at the joint of the two metal sleeves at the wellhead, and the armored optical cable is fixed and protected from moving and rotating or being damaged in the process of lowering the metal sleeve;
for the armored optical cable distributed outside the oil pipe, the oil pipe and the armored optical cable are synchronously and slowly put into the metal casing well; the inner metal clip is arranged at the joint of the two oil pipes at the wellhead, so that the armored optical cable is fixed and protected from moving and rotating or being damaged in the process of lowering the oil pipes;
for the armored optical cable arranged in the metal casing or in the oil pipe, the armored optical cable with the permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet ring is brought to the bottom of the well from the opening of the metal casing or the opening of the oil pipe by using the counterweight metal rod, and after several hours, the well fluid soluble high polymer material isolating ring arranged outside the permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet ring can be gradually dissolved, so that the armored optical cable with the high-temperature-resistant magnet ring can be tightly adsorbed to the inner wall of the casing or the oil pipe;
after the metal casing and the armored optical cable are fed, pumping cement slurry from the well bottom by using a high-pressure pump truck, returning the cement slurry to the well head from the well bottom along an annular area between the outer wall of the metal casing and the drill hole, and permanently fixing the metal casing, the armored optical cable and the stratum rock together after the cement slurry is solidified.
The utility model aims to overcome the problems that most of the existing underground fluid identification methods, devices or systems have complicated underground sensor or probe structures, the installation process is difficult and complicated, the reliability and the accuracy are low, and the online real-time measurement or monitoring of the whole-well underground fluid under the condition of not influencing the normal production of the oil-gas well is difficult to realize, provides an underground fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, through the armored optical cable which is arranged outside a sleeve or inside the sleeve or fixed outside the oil pipe or inside the oil pipe, a three-component optical fiber electric field sensor and a three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor for measuring the electrical parameters of the underground fluid, and a composite modulation and demodulation instrument for ground optical fiber sensing signals, measures or monitors the resistivity change of the underground fluid in real time on line, accurately identifies the proportion of oil, gas and water in the underground multiphase fluid, and optimizes the operation flow of the oil-gas production well and the water injection or gas injection well, provides indispensable means, systems and methods for ensuring long-term stable, safe and reliable work.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a downhole fluid identification device employing a dipole current source in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a downhole fluid identification device using a large loop electromagnetic source in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the armored cable of the present invention deployed within the metal jacket and within the oil pipe;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the armored optical cable with permanent magnet ring according to the present invention disposed inside the metal casing and inside the oil pipe;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the armored optical cable with the permanent magnet and the isolation ring in the metal sleeve and the oil pipe.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are presented by way of example only, and the advantages of the invention will become more apparent and can be easily understood by description.
As shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2, the downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology includes a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and an armored optical cable 5, wherein the armored optical cable 5 is arranged outside a metal sleeve 9 or inside the metal sleeve 9 or fixed outside an oil pipe 11 or inside the oil pipe 11; three-component optical fiber electric field sensors 6 and three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors 7 are uniformly distributed in the armored optical cable 5; the armored optical cable 5 is connected with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8 on the ground.
The ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source is a high-power dipole current source 1 distributed across or beside a well, as shown in fig. 1, or a high-power large loop electromagnetic source 2 surrounding a well mouth, as shown in fig. 2; the distance between two underground power supply electrodes of the high-power dipole current source 1 is 1000-5000 meters; the diameter of the large-power loop electromagnetic source 2 or the side length of each large loop is 1000 to 2000 meters, and the ground large-power electromagnetic excitation source continuously excites underground with a forward and reverse direction wave source signal with the duty ratio of 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the armored optical cable 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve 9 by an annular outer metal clip 10, or fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe 11 by an inner metal clip 12;
as shown in fig. 4, alternatively, a permanent high temperature resistant magnet ring 13 is arranged on the armored optical cable 5, so that the armored optical cable 5 is adsorbed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve 9 or the inner wall of the oil pipe 11.
As shown in fig. 5, the permanent high temperature resistant magnet rings 13 are uniformly distributed on the armored optical cable 5 at intervals of 5 to 10 meters; the permanent high-temperature resistant magnet ring 13 is externally sleeved with a spacer ring 14, and the spacer ring 14 is made of water-soluble or oil-soluble high polymer materials.
The three-component optical fiber electric field sensor 6 is an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting an electro-luminescence absorption effect or an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting a piezoelectric elasto-optical effect;
the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor 7 is an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a Faraday effect or an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a magnetostrictive effect;
the distance between adjacent three-component optical fiber electric field sensors 6 is 5-10 m, and the distance between adjacent three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors 7 is 5-10 m;
as shown in fig. 3, the three-component fiber electric field sensor 6 and the three-component fiber magnetic field sensor 7 are alternately arranged.
Two high-temperature-resistant multimode optical fibers with the tail ends welded together are further arranged in the armored optical cable 5 and used for accurately measuring the absolute temperature and the relative temperature change of the underground cable 5.
The composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8 is a composite modulation and demodulation instrument TDS/P-OTDR of a distributed optical fiber temperature sensing DTS and an optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing P-OTDR, and a DTS signal modulation and demodulation module is a DTS modulation and demodulation module with a double-end input function; the composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8 comprises the functions of data acquisition and modulation and demodulation of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing and optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing.
The measuring method of the downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology comprises the following steps:
s1, synchronously and slowly putting the metal sleeve 9 and the armored optical cable 5 into a drilled well hole, and fixing;
the fixing specifically comprises the following modes;
as shown in fig. 1, for the armored cable 5 arranged in the metal sleeve 9, the outer metal clip 10 is installed at the junction of the two metal sleeves 9 at the wellhead, so as to fix and protect the armored cable 5 from moving and rotating and/or being damaged in the process of lowering the metal sleeve 9;
for the armored optical cable 5 distributed outside the oil pipe 11, the oil pipe 11 and the armored optical cable 5 are synchronously and slowly put into a metal casing 9 well; an inner metal clip 12 is arranged at the joint of two oil pipes 11 at a wellhead, so that the armored optical cable 5 is fixed and protected from moving and rotating and/or being damaged in the process of descending the oil pipes 11;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, for the armored optical cable 5 laid in the metal casing 9 or the oil pipe 11, the armored optical cable 5 with the permanent high temperature resistant magnet ring 13 is brought to the bottom of the well from the opening of the metal casing 9 or the opening of the oil pipe 11 by using a counterweight metal rod, after several hours, the well fluid soluble polymer material isolating ring 14 installed outside the permanent high temperature resistant magnet ring 13 will be gradually dissolved, so that the armored optical cable 5 with the high temperature resistant magnet ring 13 is tightly adsorbed on the inner wall of the casing 9 or the oil pipe 11;
after the metal casing 9 and the armored optical cable 5 are discharged, pumping cement slurry from the well bottom by using a high-pressure pump truck, returning the cement slurry to the well head from the well bottom along the annular area between the outer wall of the metal casing 9 and the drill hole, and permanently fixing the metal casing 9, the armored optical cable 5 and the stratum rock together after the cement slurry is solidified.
S2, respectively connecting optical fibers in the armored optical cable 5 out of the wellhead to corresponding optical fiber input ends of the composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8; starting a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source, and continuously exciting forward and reverse direction wave source signals with the duty ratio of 1 to the underground; starting the composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8, and continuously recording the back scattering light signals of the optical fibers in the underground armored optical cable 5;
s3, demodulating the recorded signals into absolute temperature and relative temperature change values along the optical cable, three-component electric field data and three-component magnetic field data along each measuring point of the armored optical cable 5 by using an optical signal modulation and demodulation algorithm and a program in the composite modulation and demodulation instrument 8;
s4, selecting a proper device coefficient according to the geometric parameters of the ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and the geometric coordinates of the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor 6 and the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor 7, and converting the measured three-component electric field data and three-component magnetic field data of each measuring point along the armored optical cable 5 into resistivity data of each measuring point;
s5, according to the relation template of the fluid resistivity and the temperature, carrying out temperature correction on the resistivity data of each measuring point along the armored optical cable 5 by using the absolute temperature value of the underground edge armored optical cable 5 measured by DTS (data transfer system) to obtain the true resistivity value of the fluid inside and outside the underground edge metal sleeve 9 or inside and outside the oil pipe 11;
s6, measuring the relation between the resistivity of the multiphase mixed fluid of water, oil and gas and the proportion of each phase of fluid in a laboratory, and determining the proportion of water, oil and gas in the multiphase fluid at each measuring point according to the real resistivity value of the fluid measured in the well inside and outside the metal casing 9 or in the well outside the oil pipe 11, thereby realizing the online real-time measurement, identification and long-term dynamic monitoring of the change rule of the downhole fluid in the development and production process of the oil and gas production well or the liquid injection displacement well.
Claims (7)
1. The underground fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology is characterized by comprising a ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source and an armored optical cable (5), wherein the armored optical cable (5) is arranged outside a metal sleeve (9) or inside the metal sleeve (9) or fixed outside an oil pipe (11) or inside the oil pipe (11); three-component optical fiber electric field sensors (6) and three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors (7) are uniformly distributed in the armored optical cable (5); the armored optical cable (5) is connected with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument (8) on the ground.
2. The downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ground high-power electromagnetic excitation source is a high-power dipole current source (1) distributed across or beside the well or a high-power large loop electromagnetic source (2) surrounding the wellhead, and the distance between two power supply electrodes of the high-power dipole current source (1) to the underground is 1000 m to 5000 m; the diameter of the large-power loop electromagnetic source (2) or the side length of each large loop is 1000 to 2000 meters, and the ground large-power electromagnetic excitation source continuously excites underground with a forward and reverse direction wave source signal with the duty ratio of 1.
3. The downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1, wherein the armored optical cable (5) is fixed on the outer wall of the metal sleeve (9) by an annular outer metal clip (10) or is fixed on the outer wall of the oil pipe (11) by an inner metal clip (12);
or a permanent high-temperature-resistant magnet ring (13) is arranged on the armored optical cable (5), so that the armored optical cable (5) is adsorbed on the inner wall of the metal sleeve (9) or the inner wall of the oil pipe (11).
4. A downhole fluid identification device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 3, wherein the permanent high temperature resistant magnetic rings (13) are uniformly distributed on the armored optical cable (5) at intervals of 5 m to 10 m; the permanent high-temperature resistant magnet ring (13) is externally sleeved with an isolating ring (14), and the isolating ring (14) is made of water-soluble or oil-soluble polymer materials.
5. The downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1, wherein the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor (6) is an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting an electro-optical absorption effect or an optical fiber electric field sensor adopting a piezoelectric elasto-optical effect;
the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor (7) is an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a Faraday effect or an optical fiber magnetic field sensor adopting a magnetostrictive effect;
the distance between the adjacent three-component optical fiber electric field sensors (6) is 5 to 10 meters, and the distance between the adjacent three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensors (7) is 5 to 10 meters;
the three-component optical fiber electric field sensor (6) and the three-component optical fiber magnetic field sensor (7) are alternately arranged.
6. A downhole fluid identification device based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1, wherein two high temperature resistant multimode optical fibers are further arranged in the armored optical cable (5) and are welded together at the tail ends, so as to accurately measure the absolute temperature and the relative temperature change along the armored optical cable (5) in a downhole.
7. The downhole fluid identification device based on the distributed optical fiber sensing technology according to claim 1, wherein the composite modem instrument (8) is a composite modem instrument TDS/P-OTDR of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing (DTS) and optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing (P-OTDR), and the DTS signal modem module is a DTS modem module with double-end input function; the composite modulation and demodulation instrument (8) comprises data acquisition and modulation and demodulation functions of distributed optical fiber temperature sensing and optical fiber electromagnetic field sensing.
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| CN112031743A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Underground fluid identification device and measurement method based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112031743A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-04 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Underground fluid identification device and measurement method based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
| CN112031743B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2024-07-05 | 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 | Underground fluid identification device and measurement method based on distributed optical fiber sensing technology |
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