CN211579689U

CN211579689U - Bypass type automatic transfer switch

Info

Publication number: CN211579689U
Application number: CN202020496535.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 焦志刚; 钱宽; 徐星
Original assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Changshu Switchgear Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-08
Filing date: 2020-04-08
Publication date: 2020-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-08

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bypass type automatic change-over switch, which comprises a switch body, a controller and a switch cabinet for accommodating the switch body, wherein the switch body comprises a common power supply end, a standby power supply end and a load end which are respectively connected in parallel with the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch; the controller is characterized by comprising a microprocessor unit, a voltage detection circuit, a man-machine interaction circuit, an automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, a bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, a drawer seat position detection circuit, a power conversion circuit, a power selection circuit, a coil disconnection detection circuit and a driving interlocking circuit, wherein the voltage detection circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, the bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, the drawer seat position detection circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power selection circuit; the power supply selection circuit is connected with the coil disconnection detection circuit, and the coil disconnection detection circuit is connected with the drive interlocking circuit. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of the reliability is high, the low power dissipation, operational safety are high, with low costs, small, simple structure.

Description

Bypass type automatic transfer switch

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a bypass type automatic transfer switch belongs to low-voltage apparatus technical field.

Background

The automatic transfer switching device is widely applied to automatic switching between two power supplies so as to ensure the continuity of load power supply. In important power supply occasions such as telecommunication, mobile and data centers, in order to ensure the continuity of power supply, even if the automatic change-over switch is in fault, reliable power supply is ensured, therefore, a bypass type automatic change-over switch is needed, the automatic change-over switch is switched to bypass power supply when the automatic change-over switch is in fault, and the automatic change-over switch can be moved out for maintenance, so that the aim of maintenance without power outage is fulfilled. The bypass type automatic transfer switch is often applied to occasions with higher current levels (the current level is above 1600A), the products are generally large in size and installed in a switch cabinet, and a cabinet door has no related position detection circuit. The bypass type automatic change-over switch consists of a body and a controller, wherein the body comprises an automatic change-over switch and a bypass change-over switch (which can be a manual change-over switch, an automatic change-over switch or a remote control change-over switch), the controller realizes automatic control and forced change-over of the body, and in order to realize the forced change-over, the mode setting of a common controller is realized through button operation, and the bypass type automatic change-over switch comprises a closing button and an opening button of the automatic change-over switch, and the closing button and the opening button of the bypass change-over switch, and buttons of automatic switching-in and automatic switching-out, automatic switching-in and automatic switching-.

The conventional bypass type automatic transfer switch has the following problems:

1. the automatic change-over switch body comprises a closing electromagnet coil and an opening electromagnet coil, after the electromagnet coil is excited, the automatic change-over switch realizes closing and opening, otherwise, the automatic change-over switch does not act, because the working voltage of the electromagnet coil is generally commercial power, the voltage is higher, in order to ensure the power consumption, the number of turns of the coil is more, the wire diameter is thinner, in the long-term use process, due to the reasons of thermal expansion, vibration and the like, the wire breaking condition is generated inside the coil, the closing or opening failure is caused, and the automatic change-over switch works abnormally.

2. When the staff need overhaul the switch, open the cabinet door after, because there is the complex factor, for example, the electric wire netting is undulant etc. causes automatic change-over switch to switch, can bring the potential safety hazard to operating personnel closely.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that it is not enough to overcome prior art, provide an adaptability, reliability height, low power dissipation, the high automatic change over switch of bypass type of operational safety.

The utility model discloses specifically adopt following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:

a bypass type automatic change-over switch comprises a switch body, a controller and a switch cabinet for accommodating the switch body, wherein the switch body comprises a common power supply end, a standby power supply end and a load end which are respectively connected with the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch in parallel; the controller comprises a microprocessor unit, a voltage detection circuit, a man-machine interaction circuit, an automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, a bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, a drawer seat position detection circuit, a power conversion circuit, a power selection circuit, a coil disconnection detection circuit and a driving interlocking circuit, wherein the voltage detection circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, the bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, the drawer seat position detection circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power selection; the power supply selection circuit is connected with the coil disconnection detection circuit, and the coil disconnection detection circuit is connected with the drive interlocking circuit.

Preferably, the switch cabinet further comprises a cabinet door position signal detection circuit for detecting the opening and closing conditions of the cabinet door of the switch cabinet.

Further preferably, the cabinet door position signal detection circuit comprises at least one microswitch, the switch state of which is associated with the opening and closing condition of the cabinet door of the switch cabinet.

Furthermore, the cabinet door position signal detection circuit also comprises a power supply circuit and a signal output circuit; the power supply circuit comprises a rectifying circuit, a capacitor filter circuit and a resistor voltage-sharing circuit; the rectifying circuit comprises at least one diode; the capacitance filter circuit comprises at least two capacitors connected in series; the resistor voltage-sharing circuit comprises resistors with the same number as that of the capacitors; one end of the rectifying circuit is connected with an alternating current power supply, the other end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the capacitor filter circuit, and the capacitor filter circuit is connected with the resistor voltage-sharing circuit in parallel; the power circuit is connected with one end of the microswitch, and the other end of the microswitch is connected with the signal output circuit.

Preferably, the rectifier circuit is a half-wave rectifier circuit.

Further preferably, the coil disconnection detection circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, first to third diodes and an optocoupler; the third diode is connected in series in a power supply loop of the coil to be detected, one pole of the third diode is connected with one input end of the optical coupler through the first resistor, the other pole of the third diode is connected with the other input end of the optical coupler, the first diode and the second diode are connected in series and then connected between the two poles of the third diode in a reverse parallel mode, and the first resistor is connected in series in an output loop of the optical coupler.

Preferably, the output loop of the optical coupler shares the control power supply of the coil to be detected.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses technical scheme has following beneficial effect:

the utility model discloses set up cabinet door position signal detection circuitry in the controller, can detect the cubical switchboard cabinet door switching condition, when the staff opened the cabinet door, the controller was according to cabinet door position variation condition, and change over switch becomes manual mode, even the electric wire netting is unstable, can not switch over yet, reinforcing operational safety nature. The utility model also has the detection function of closing and opening the brake coil, can timely judge the self fault of the automatic transfer switch electric appliance, timely eliminate the fault and restore the normal working state; the coil disconnection detection circuit is universal to alternating current and direct current, can be suitable for coils of different types, can be used for detecting a plurality of electromagnet coils at the same time, is high in adaptability and short-time working, and only detects when the closing coil and the opening coil are driven to act, so that the reliability is high, and the power consumption is low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coil break detection circuit in this embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a control circuit of the electromagnet coil when the control power source is an AC power source;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of an electromagnet coil control circuit when the control power source is a DC power source;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a circuit for detecting the position of the cabinet door in the embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of another specific implementation of the cabinet door position detection circuit in this specific embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a human-machine interface in this embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating local mode rights management in this embodiment;

fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating remote mode rights management in this embodiment.

Detailed Description

The utility model provides an automatic change over switch of bypass type, include switch body, controller and be used for holding the cubical switchboard of switch body, the switch body includes parallelly connected automatic change over switch, bypass change over switch respectively of power end commonly used, reserve power end, load end. FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a controller, which includes a microprocessor unit, a voltage detection circuit, a human-computer interaction circuit, an automatic transfer switch position detection circuit, a bypass transfer switch position detection circuit, a drawer base position detection circuit, a power selection circuit, a coil disconnection detection circuit, a drive interlock circuit, a power conversion circuit, a current detection circuit, a power generation control circuit, a programmable I/O circuit, a communication interface, a storage circuit, a clock circuit, a frequency phase detection circuit, and a cabinet door position detection circuit;

the microprocessor unit is connected with the cabinet door position detection circuit, the voltage detection circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, the bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, the drawer seat position detection circuit, the power selection circuit, the coil disconnection detection circuit, the driving interlocking circuit, the power conversion circuit, the current detection circuit, the power generation control circuit, the programmable I/O circuit, the communication interface circuit, the storage circuit, the clock circuit and the frequency phase detection circuit;

the power supply selection circuit is connected with the coil disconnection detection circuit, and the coil disconnection detection circuit is connected with the drive interlocking circuit;

the man-machine interaction circuit comprises a mode setting circuit, a display circuit and a buzzer alarm circuit, wherein the mode setting circuit comprises a change-over switch and a resistor, the display circuit comprises a liquid crystal indicator lamp, and the buzzer alarm circuit comprises a buzzer.

The power supply conversion circuit provides power supply for each circuit; the voltage detection circuit sends the voltage of the normal and standby power supplies to the microprocessor unit after voltage reduction and sampling, the microprocessor unit converts, calculates and judges voltage sampling signals, power supply selection is carried out through the power supply selection circuit, position signals are detected according to the automatic change-over switch position detection circuit and are sent to the microprocessor unit, and when one power supply is abnormal, the microprocessor unit controls the driving interlocking circuit to act according to the power supply state and the switch position signals. When the automatic change-over switch or the bypass change-over switch performs action change-over, the coil disconnection detection circuit is used for detecting whether the on-off brake coil is disconnected or not, transmitting a detection signal to the microprocessor unit, if the detection result is normal, the switching is performed normally, if the disconnection fault is judged, the microprocessor unit prohibits the driving interlocking circuit from working, and the switching action is stopped.

When the automatic change-over switch needs to be overhauled, the bypass change-over switch is switched on corresponding to the change-over switch on the switching-on side of the automatic change-over switch, and then the automatic change-over switch is switched off. The controller detects the position of the cabinet door through the cabinet door position detection circuit, when the cabinet door is opened, the microprocessor unit automatically converts the control mode into a manual state, the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are both in the manual state at the moment, the automatic change-over switch is shifted out to a test position, and the automatic change-over switch is further shifted out to an isolation position and separated from the whole power supply network. After the maintenance is finished, the automatic change-over switch is placed into the drawer seat, the automatic change-over switch is shaken into the test position from the isolation position, then the action test can be carried out on the automatic change-over switch at the test position, the automatic change-over switch is shaken into the connection position after the test is finished, and the automatic change-over switch is put into normal operation. The drawer seat position detection circuit is used for detecting the position of the automatic transfer switch drawer seat.

The man-machine interaction circuit is used for displaying and setting states, parameters and the like, for example, displaying the switching-on and switching-off states, voltage states, current states, active power and reactive power of the automatic transfer switching equipment, setting working modes, delay time, transfer voltage action values and the like.

The storage circuit is used for data storage of the microprocessor unit. Clock circuits are used for time, fault logging, etc.

The frequency phase detection circuit is used for detecting the frequency and the phase of the common voltage.

The current detection circuit is used for detecting load current and outputting an external alarm through the programmable I/O circuit when the current is abnormal.

The power generation control circuit is used for starting, stopping and unloading the generator.

The communication interface circuit is used for externally connecting a communication module, and the controller communicates with the upper computer through the communication module.

Fig. 2 shows an electromagnet coil control circuit in this embodiment, which includes electromagnet coils X1 and X2 … …, a corresponding number of controllable switches K1 and K2 … … for controlling the on/off of the electromagnet coils, a microprocessor, and a coil disconnection detection circuit, where the coil disconnection detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, diodes D1 to D3, and an optical coupler O1; the diode D3 is connected in series in a power supply loop of the electromagnet coil, one pole of the diode D3 is connected with one input end of the optical coupler O1 through the resistor R1, the other pole of the diode D3 is connected with the other input end of the optical coupler O1, the diode D1 and the diode D2 are connected in series and then connected between two poles of the diode D3 in a reverse parallel mode, the microprocessor is connected with the controllable switch, and the controllable switch is connected in series in the electromagnet coil loop and controls the electromagnet coil to be switched on and switched off.

If the working power supply is an alternating current power supply, the diode D3 is used for connecting the negative half cycle voltage. When the coil is switched on, the optical coupler outputs a square wave signal, and when the coil is not switched on, the optical coupler outputs a high level signal; if the working power supply is a direct current power supply, the optical coupler outputs a low level signal when the coil is switched on, and outputs a high level signal when the coil is not switched on. Can meet the requirement of universal AC/DC power supply.

The following is an example of the automatic transfer switch transfer process.

The working power source of the electromagnet coil in the electromagnet coil control circuit shown in fig. 3 is ac. As shown in fig. 3, the electromagnet coil control circuit includes a microprocessor, a working power supply L, N, electromagnet coils X1 and X2, diodes D1-D3, current-limiting resistors R1 and R2, an optical coupler O1, and controllable switches employing relays KA1 and KA 2. L, N are working power supply two poles of a plurality of electromagnet coils (a common opening coil X1 and a standby closing coil X2 … of the automatic transfer switch), KA1 and KA2 … are control relays for respectively controlling the electromagnet coils, a contact of a relay KA1 is connected with the common opening coil X1 in series, a contact of a relay KA2 is connected with the standby closing coil X2 in series and then connected in parallel in a loop of a control power supply L, N, a microprocessor respectively controls connection and disconnection of the relays KA1 and KA2, and VCC is a control power supply for supplying power to the control relays. An L pole of the working power supply L, N is connected with a current-limiting resistor R1, an anode of a diode D1 and a cathode of a diode D3 respectively, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected with a first input end of an optical coupler O1, an N pole of the working power supply L, N is connected with one ends of electromagnet coils X1 and X2 respectively, contacts of relays KA1 and KA2 are connected with a cathode of a diode D2, an anode of the diode D3 and a second input end of an optical coupler O1 respectively, and a cathode of a diode D1 is connected with an anode of a diode D2.

The circuit also comprises control relays KA1 and KA2 for controlling the electromagnet coil and a power supply VCC (+ 5V) for supplying power to the optical coupler O1 and the relays KA1 and KA 2.

The optical coupler O1 is in a cut-off state when the electromagnet power supply is not switched on, when the automatic change-over switch is switched (the common power supply is switched to a standby power supply), in the process, the microprocessor sends out a control signal to control the relay KA1 to attract, the common power supply opening coil X1 is electrified to attract, the positive half cycle of the working power supply (L, N), the diode D1, the diode D2 and the common power supply opening coil X1 form a loop, the current-limiting resistor R1 and the optical coupler O1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the diodes D1 and D2, and the diodes D1, D2 and the resistor R1 are used for protecting the optical coupler O1 from being burnt out due to overlarge conducting current. The negative half cycle of the alternating current power supply passes through the diode D3 and is supplied with power normally. Then the microprocessor sends out a control signal to control the relay KA2 to suck, the standby power supply closing coil X2 to suck, the positive half cycle of the working power supply (L, N), the diode D1, the diode D2 and the standby power supply closing coil form a loop, and the current limiting resistor R1 and the optical coupler O1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the diode D1 and the diode D2. If the closing and opening coils are normal, the optical coupler O1 outputs square wave signals during the period that the microprocessor controls the power supply of the electromagnet coil to be switched on, which represents that the closing and opening coils are intact. The microprocessor receives a square wave signal of the optocoupler O1 and judges that the coil is normal; if the closing and opening brake coil is broken, the loop is broken, the output end of the optical coupler O1 is in a cut-off state, and high level is output, which represents that the closing and opening brake coil is broken. And in the process of controlling the coil to be switched on by the microprocessor, the microprocessor does not receive the low level signal, judges the coil to be disconnected and sends out a coil disconnection alarm signal.

When the standby power supply is switched to the common power supply, the process is switched to the standby power supply by the common power supply, and the description is omitted.

Fig. 4 shows that the operating power source of the electromagnet coil in the electromagnet coil control circuit is dc. The electromagnet coil control circuit comprises a microprocessor, a working power supply L, N, electromagnet coils X1 and X2, diodes D1-D3, current-limiting resistors R1 and R2, an optical coupler O1, and controllable switches which adopt MOS transistors Q1 and Q2.

The optical coupler O1 is in a cut-off state when the power supply of the electromagnet is not switched on, when the automatic change-over switch is switched (the common power supply is switched to a standby power supply), the microprocessor sends a control signal to control the MOS tube Q1 to be switched on, the common power supply opening coil X1 is electrified and attracted, the anode of the direct-current working power supply, the diode D1, the D2 and the common power supply opening coil X1 form a loop, the current-limiting resistor R1 and the optical coupler O1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the diodes D1 and D2, and the diodes D1, D2 and the resistor R1 are used for protecting the optical coupler O1 from being burnt out due to overlarge conducting current. Then the microprocessor sends out a control signal to control the conduction of the MOS tube Q2, the standby power supply closing coil X2 is closed, the anode of the direct current working power supply, the diodes D1 and D2 and the standby power supply closing coil form a loop, and the current-limiting resistor R1 and the optocoupler O1 are connected in series and then connected in parallel at two ends of the diodes D1 and D2. If the closing and opening coils are normal, the optical coupler O1 outputs a low level signal during the power supply of the electromagnet coil is switched on, the closing and opening coils are intact, and the microprocessor receives the low level signal of the optical coupler O1 and judges that the coils are normal; if the closing and opening brake coil is broken, the loop is broken, the output end of the optical coupler O1 is in a cut-off state, a high level is output to represent that the closing and opening brake coil is broken, and in the process that the microprocessor controls the electromagnet coil to be switched on, the microprocessor does not receive a low level signal, judges that the coil is broken, and sends a coil breakage alarm signal. The diode D3 is in the off state during this process.

The coil disconnection detection circuit in this embodiment adopts electromagnet coil's working power supply (L, N) as the detection power supply, is the signal of whether broken string by opto-coupler output, and the circuit is comparatively simple, and this circuit just works when control signal control electromagnet coil power switch-on, and this circuit is the short-time work promptly, and the reliability is high, and the consumption is lower.

If the internal resistance of electromagnet coil is different, nevertheless because diode D1, D2's pressure drop is unchangeable, then the electric current that flows opto-coupler O1 is unchangeable, need not the adjustment and just can realize the broken string of coil and detect, so the utility model discloses an internal resistance size that the coil that detects was treated to the circuit does not have the requirement, can adapt to different coils, and adaptability is high.

In addition, the optical coupler O1 in the two embodiments is a unidirectional optical coupler, or a bidirectional optical coupler may be used, and if a bidirectional optical coupler is used, the diodes D1, D2 and the diode D3 only need to be connected in parallel in reverse and then connected in parallel with the optical coupler.

The cabinet door position detection circuit of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 5, and includes a power supply circuit, a microswitch, and a signal output circuit;

the power supply circuit comprises a rectifying circuit, a capacitor filter circuit and a resistor voltage-sharing circuit;

the rectifying circuit comprises at least one diode;

the capacitance filter circuit comprises at least two capacitors connected in series;

the resistor voltage-sharing circuit comprises resistors with the same number as that of the capacitors;

one end of the rectifying circuit is connected with an alternating current power supply, the other end of the rectifying circuit is connected with a capacitor filter circuit, the capacitor filter circuit is connected with a resistor voltage-sharing circuit in parallel to form a power supply circuit, the alternating current power supply is converted into a direct current power supply, the power supply circuit is connected with one end of a microswitch, and the other end of the microswitch is connected with a signal output circuit.

The rectification circuit is a half-wave rectification circuit and consists of a diode D4. The filter circuit is formed by connecting capacitors C1 and C2 in series. The voltage equalizing circuit is composed of resistors R3 and R4. The power circuit is formed and used for converting an alternating current power supply into a direct current power supply and can bear line voltage without damage.

The power supply circuit is connected with one end of a microswitch K1, and the other end of the microswitch K1 is connected with a signal output circuit. The signal output circuit consists of a current-limiting resistor R5, an optocoupler O2 and a pull-up resistor R6 and is used for converting the position signal into an electric signal and sending the electric signal to the singlechip for processing. One end of a resistor R5 is connected with a microswitch K1, the other end of a resistor R5 is connected with the upper end of an optical coupler O2 input, the lower end of the optical coupler O2 input is connected with an alternating current power supply N pole, the upper end of the optical coupler O2 output is connected with one end of a pull-up resistor R6, meanwhile, a detected position signal is sent to a microprocessor for processing, the other end of the pull-up resistor R6 is connected with +5V, and the lower end of the optical coupler O2 output is connected with the ground.

The microswitch K1 in the cabinet door position detection circuit is arranged at any place where the cabinet door can reflect the open or closed state of the cabinet door, when the automatic transfer switch cabinet door is closed, the contact of the cabinet door position microswitch K1 is in the closed position, the cabinet door position signal detection circuit sends out a low level signal to the microprocessor for processing, the microprocessor identifies that the cabinet door is in the closed state, and the working mode is in the automatic mode.

When the automatic change-over switch cabinet door is opened, when the cabinet door position micro-gap switch K1 contact is in the open position, the cabinet door position signal detection circuitry sends out high level signal and gives microprocessor processing, and microprocessor discerns that the cabinet door is in the open mode, and operating mode is from automatic switch-over to manual mode, realizes the cabinet door and opens the electric linkage of in-process, guarantees user's operation safety.

Fig. 6 shows the situation that the automatic transfer switch and the bypass transfer switch of the bypass type automatic transfer switch have independent switch cabinet doors, the microswitch K1 is installed at the door of the automatic transfer switch cabinet, and the microswitch K2 is installed at the door of the bypass transfer switch cabinet, the principle is the same, and the description is omitted, the automatic transfer switch and the bypass transfer switch share the same cabinet door position detection circuit, the controller design is simplified, and the space and the cost are saved.

As shown in fig. 7, the human-computer interaction circuit includes a human-computer interface for displaying and setting states, parameters, and the like, and the human-computer interface includes a control knob 1, a logic truth table 2, a status indicator lamp 3, a liquid crystal display 4, and an operation key 5. The control knob 1 comprises a manual gear, an operation gear of an automatic change-over switch and an operation gear of a bypass change-over switch, wherein the operation gear of the automatic change-over switch comprises five gears of self-switching and self-resetting, self-switching and non-self-resetting, a forced power supply I, a forced power supply II and forced double-division, and the bypass change-over switch comprises two gears of the forced power supply I and the forced power supply II, so that the control knob is provided with eight gears in total and represented by sequence numbers 1 to 8; the logic truth table 2 is shown in fig. 1, the logic truth table 2 details the functions or switch position states of the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch corresponding to eight operating gears of the control knob, a user can visually learn the current switch state according to the truth table, and select the operating gear from the truth table according to a target state, so that the control knob is directly operated conveniently and quickly. The operating knob gear 1 in the logic truth table 2 is manual, which indicates that the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are both in a manual operation mode, the controller is withdrawn, no control function is provided, and only a monitoring function is provided; the operation knob gear 2 indicates that the bypass change-over switch is in a double-division state, the automatic change-over switch is set to be in a self-switching and self-resetting working mode, the bypass change-over switch is in the double-division state, and the automatic change-over switch executes automatic change-over according to the self-switching and self-resetting mode; the operation knob gear 3 indicates that the bypass change-over switch is in a double-division state, the automatic change-over switch is set to be in a self-switching and non-self-resetting working mode, the bypass change-over switch is indicated to be in the double-division state, and the automatic change-over switch executes automatic change-over according to the self-switching and non-self-resetting mode; the operation knob gear 4 indicates that the bypass change-over switch is in a double-division state and forces the automatic change-over switch to be in a power supply I switching-on position; the operation knob gear 5 indicates that the bypass change-over switch is in a double-division state and forces the automatic change-over switch to be in a power supply II switching-on position; the operation knob gear 6 indicates that the bypass change-over switch is forced to be in a double-division state and the automatic change-over switch is forced to be in a double-division position; the operation knob gear 7 is used for forcing the bypass change-over switch to be in a power supply I closing state under the condition that the automatic change-over switch is in the power supply I closing state, and then forcing the automatic change-over switch to be in a power supply I opening state; the operating knob gear 8 is used for forcing the bypass change-over switch to be in a power supply II closing state under the condition that the automatic change-over switch is in the power supply II closing state, and then forcing the automatic change-over switch to be in a power supply II opening state;

when the automatic change-over switch needs to be maintained due to faults, the bypass change-over switch needs to be switched on to ensure that the load is not powered off, so that the automatic change-over switch is pulled out for maintenance, therefore, the change-over process is to switch on the bypass change-over switch on the same side when the automatic change-over switch is in a switch-on state all the way, and switch off the automatic change-over switch after the bypass change-over switch is switched on in place. For example, the power source I and the power source II are both in a normal state, the operation knob gear of the controller is in a position of 2, namely the automatic change-over switch is in a switch-on position of the power source I, the power source II is in a switch-off position, the bypass change-over switch is in a double-split state, the operation knob gear is operated to a position of 7 at the moment, the controller firstly controls the switch-on of the power source I of the bypass change-over switch according to the change of the operation knob gear, and forces the automatic change-over switch to switch off after detecting that the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are both in the switch-on state of the power source I, and then the bypass change. For example, the power source I and the power source II are both in a normal state, the operation knob gear of the controller is in a position of '4', namely the automatic change-over switch is in a forced power source I switching-on position, the power source II is in a switching-off position, the bypass change-over switch is in a double-division state, the operation knob gear is operated to a position of '7', the controller firstly controls the bypass change-over switch to switch on the power source I according to the change of the operation knob gear, the automatic change-over switch is forced to switch off after the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are detected to be in the power source I switching-on state, and then the bypass change-over switch supplies power to the load. On the contrary, after the automatic change-over switch is repaired and is used after being verified to be normal, the automatic change-over switch can be switched back to the working state of the automatic change-over switch from the forced state of the bypass change-over switch, for example, the power I and the power II are both in the normal state, the gear of the operation knob of the controller is in the position of '7', namely, the bypass change-over switch is in the position of the forced power I, the automatic change-over switch is in the double-split state, the gear of the operation knob is operated to the position of '4', the controller firstly forces the power I of the automatic change-over switch to be switched on according to the change of the gear of the operation knob, and forces the bypass change-over switch to be switched off after detecting that the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are. The operating principle between the gears of other operating knobs is similar, and the one-key sequence control is executed according to the following principle:

(1) the conversion between the common use and the standby use of the automatic change-over switch is carried out according to the principle of first division and then combination;

(2) the conversion between the common use and the standby use of the bypass change-over switch is carried out according to the principle of first division and then combination;

(3) the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are changed according to the principle that switches on the same side are switched on first and then switched off, wherein the same side means that the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are both a common side or a standby side; the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch are executed according to a principle that the change-over is prohibited by a different side switch, wherein the different side refers to a common side of the automatic change-over switch and a standby side of the bypass change-over switch or the standby side of the automatic change-over switch and the common side of the bypass change-over switch.

The principle (1) is applicable to the positions 2-6 of the operating knob; the principle (2) is applicable to operating knob gears 7 and 8, the operation is applicable to maintenance of an automatic change-over switch, and the situation that forced change-over is required to be realized under the working state of a bypass change-over switch is the same; principle (3) is applicable between operating knob gears 1-6 and operating knob gears 7, 8.

Similarly, the operating knob gears can be properly increased, and if the bypass change-over switch also has the operating knob gears 2-6 of the automatic change-over switch, all functions of the automatic change-over switch can be realized by the bypass change-over switch when the automatic change-over switch is overhauled.

TABLE 1

As shown in table 1, fig. 8, and fig. 9, the bypass automatic transfer switch controller of the present invention further has various authority management modes, and has two control modes of local and remote communication control. The bypass type automatic transfer switch controller of the utility model is provided with a management authority of 0 level, 1 level, 2 level … … and n level (n is more than or equal to 1), wherein 0 level is the highest management authority and has the largest authority management range; the n level is the lowest management authority and has the smallest authority management range;

each level of authority completely contains the authority management range of the previous level of authority and also contains the authority management range which the previous level of authority does not have. The utility model discloses well 0 level authority contains all authority management scope of 1 level authority, 1 level authority contains all authority management scope of 2 level authority, so on, n-1 level authority contains all authority management scope of n level authority;

and each level of authority management level can be provided with a corresponding authority management password.

The authority setting of the local operation and the remote operation can be set only by the highest management authority in the local area, so that the management authority has uniqueness between the local area and the remote area.

When the password is local, the controller can automatically identify the authority level corresponding to the password input by the user; after the authority is enabled, the user can locally perform the operation corresponding to the management authority; the controller will automatically exit the permission enable after a certain time.

When the remote control is carried out, a user sends an authority password to the authority enabling register address through the upper computer; the controller can automatically identify the authority level corresponding to the password input by the user; after the authority is enabled, the user can carry out the operation corresponding to the management authority through the upper computer; and the user sends the authority password to the authority quitting register address through the upper computer, and quits the authority enabling.

Referring to table 1 and fig. 8, a schematic diagram of local control mode rights management is shown. In the local control mode, the following operations are performed:

1. and (4) forcibly converting operation, wherein a user needs to input a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0 in an authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, the user can execute the forced conversion operation through the key, the knob or the menu operation.

2. And (3) restoring factory settings, and inputting a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0 or a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1 by a user on an authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, the user can execute factory reset through key, knob or menu operation.

3. And clearing the event record, wherein the user needs to input a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0 or input a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1 on the authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, the user can clear the factory leaving record through key, knob or menu operation.

4. And (4) switching delay setting, wherein a user needs to input a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0, or input a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or input a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2 in an authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, the user can execute the switching delay setting through the operation of a key, a knob or a menu.

5. And setting a voltage threshold, wherein a user needs to input a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0, or input a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or input a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2 on an authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, a user can set the voltage threshold value through key, knob or menu operation.

6. And setting a frequency threshold, wherein a user needs to input a correct authority 0 password instruction to enable the authority 0, or input a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or input a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2 in an authority management interface. After the authority is enabled, the user can set the frequency threshold value through key, knob or menu operation.

The valid time of 5 minutes can be maintained after the permission is enabled, the permission does not need to be enabled again within 5 minutes, and the permission is automatically quitted after 5 minutes.

Referring to table 1 and fig. 9, a diagram of remote control mode rights management is shown. In the remote control mode, the following operations are performed:

1. and (4) forced conversion operation, wherein a user needs to send a correct authority 0 password instruction to the authority management level enabling address through an upper computer to enable the authority 0. After the authority is enabled, the user can execute forced conversion operation through the operation instruction of the upper computer.

2. And (4) switching delay setting, wherein a user needs to send a correct authority 0 password instruction to the authority management level enabling address through an upper computer to enable the authority 0, or send a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or send a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2. After the authority is enabled, the user can execute the conversion delay setting through the operation instruction of the upper computer.

3. And setting a voltage threshold, wherein a user needs to send a correct authority 0 password instruction to the authority management level enabling address through an upper computer to enable the authority 0, or send a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or send a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2. After the permission is enabled, the user can execute the voltage threshold setting through the operation instruction of the upper computer.

4. And setting a frequency threshold, wherein a user needs to send a correct authority 0 password instruction to the authority management level enabling address through an upper computer to enable the authority 0, or send a correct authority 1 password instruction to enable the authority 1, or send a correct authority 2 password instruction to enable the authority 2. After the authority is enabled, the user can set the frequency threshold value through the operation instruction of the upper computer.

After the operation of the controller is completed, a user needs to send an authority management password instruction corresponding to the operation to an authority management level exit address through the upper computer, and if the password instruction is correct, the user exits the authority enabling.

Claims

1. A bypass type automatic change-over switch comprises a switch body, a controller and a switch cabinet for accommodating the switch body, wherein the switch body comprises a common power supply end, a standby power supply end and a load end which are respectively connected with the automatic change-over switch and the bypass change-over switch in parallel; the controller is characterized by comprising a microprocessor unit, a voltage detection circuit, a man-machine interaction circuit, an automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, a bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, a drawer seat position detection circuit, a power conversion circuit, a power selection circuit, a coil disconnection detection circuit and a driving interlocking circuit, wherein the voltage detection circuit, the man-machine interaction circuit, the automatic change-over switch position detection circuit, the bypass change-over switch position detection circuit, the drawer seat position detection circuit, the power conversion circuit, the power selection circuit; the power supply selection circuit is connected with the coil disconnection detection circuit, and the coil disconnection detection circuit is connected with the drive interlocking circuit.

2. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 1, further comprising a cabinet door position signal detecting circuit for detecting an opening/closing condition of a cabinet door of the switchgear.

3. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 2, wherein said cabinet door position signal detection circuit comprises at least one microswitch whose switching state is correlated to the opening and closing condition of the cabinet door of said switchgear.

4. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 3, wherein said cabinet door position signal detecting circuit further comprises a power supply circuit and a signal output circuit; the power supply circuit comprises a rectifying circuit, a capacitor filter circuit and a resistor voltage-sharing circuit; the rectifying circuit comprises at least one diode; the capacitance filter circuit comprises at least two capacitors connected in series; the resistor voltage-sharing circuit comprises resistors with the same number as that of the capacitors; one end of the rectifying circuit is connected with an alternating current power supply, the other end of the rectifying circuit is connected with the capacitor filter circuit, and the capacitor filter circuit is connected with the resistor voltage-sharing circuit in parallel; the power circuit is connected with one end of the microswitch, and the other end of the microswitch is connected with the signal output circuit.

5. The bypass type automatic transfer switch as claimed in claim 4, wherein the rectifying circuit is a half-wave rectifying circuit.

6. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 1, wherein the coil disconnection detecting circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, first to third diodes, and an optical coupler; the third diode is connected in series in a power supply loop of the coil to be detected, one pole of the third diode is connected with one input end of the optical coupler through the first resistor, the other pole of the third diode is connected with the other input end of the optical coupler, the first diode and the second diode are connected in series and then connected between the two poles of the third diode in a reverse parallel mode, and the first resistor is connected in series in an output loop of the optical coupler.

7. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 6, wherein the output loop of said optocoupler shares a control power supply of the coil to be detected.