CN210738579U - Test device for simulating shield to penetrate into hole of unfavorable stratum for grouting - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a test device for simulating grouting in a tunnel through which a shield passes a bad stratum, which comprises a test chamber, an excitation system and a measurement system; the test bin comprises a bin body, a model, a grouting reinforcement body and a filler, wherein the bin body is provided with an opening, the model covers the opening, the model and the bin body jointly define a containing cavity, the filler is filled in the containing cavity, and the grouting reinforcement body is used for reinforcing the filler; the measurement system is configured to detect that the model is subjected to a load from the filler; the excitation system is configured to apply a cyclic load to the model. The test device for simulating the shield tunneling through grouting in the unfavorable stratum hole has the advantage of accurate analysis result.

Description

Test device for simulating shield to penetrate into hole of unfavorable stratum for grouting

Technical Field

The application relates to tunnel engineering equipment, in particular to a test device for simulating grouting in a shield tunnel penetrating through poor stratum.

Background

At present, the excavation of subway stations by adopting an open excavation method and the tunneling of section tunnels by utilizing shield tunneling become a basic mode of subway construction in large and medium cities in China, and are consistently determined and favored by people in the industry. The shield construction also gradually gets rid of the setting for the construction of the subway tunnel in the soft soil stratum, the application range is continuously widened, and the engineering example for constructing the tunnel by adopting the shield can be found almost under all geological conditions in various fields such as highways, railways, intercity, hydraulic engineering, electric power, pipelines, common ditches, underground deep tunnels and the like.

But the technical experience accumulation in the subway tunnel operation aspect in China is relatively lacking. In recent years, a lot of tunnels including early shield subway tunnels such as Shanghai subway have obvious uneven settlement problem in the operation process. As for the No. 4 line of Shanghai subway, the maximum settlement of the tunnel in the interval reaches 160mm and the maximum lifting amount in the interval reaches 28mm during the operation period of 2006-2015. In order to solve the problem, the cost of treating the uneven settlement of the tunnel in the operation process of the Shanghai subway is up to tens of millions to hundreds of millions of yuan each year.

Due to the far-reaching influence and high economic value, research has been carried out on the problems of uneven settlement and long-term settlement control of the shield tunnel in the operation period from the aspects of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation in the industry; however, because the interval tunnel has complex geological conditions and the interaction between the surrounding rock and the interval tunnel is difficult to represent and clear by using conventional test parameters, the analysis results of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation in the aspect of long-term settlement of the shield tunnel are usually not satisfactory.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the embodiment of the present application is expected to provide a test apparatus for simulating grouting in a hole where a shield traverses a poor stratum, where the analysis result is accurate.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

a test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a bad stratum hole comprises a test chamber, an excitation system and a measurement system; the test bin comprises a bin body, a model, a grouting reinforcement body and a filler, wherein the bin body is provided with an opening, the model covers the opening, the model and the bin body jointly define a containing cavity, the filler is filled in the containing cavity, and the grouting reinforcement body is used for reinforcing the filler; the measurement system is configured to detect that the model is subjected to a load from the filler; the excitation system is configured to apply a cyclic load to the model.

Further, the storehouse body includes first fixed plate, second fixed plate and connecting portion, first fixed plate with the second fixed plate respectively with the both sides of connecting portion are connected, be formed with the opening between first fixed plate and the second fixed plate, first fixed plate with the second fixed plate is the transparent plate.

Furthermore, a waterproof layer is arranged on the surface of a part, in the first fixing plate, in contact with the connecting part, and a waterproof layer is arranged on the surface of a part, in the second fixing plate, in contact with the connecting part.

Furthermore, the model comprises a plurality of model pipe sections, a first limiting baffle and a second limiting baffle, the adjacent model pipe sections are detachably connected, the first limiting baffle is fixed on the first fixing plate, the second limiting baffle is fixed on the second fixing plate, the first limiting baffle and the second limiting baffle extend to the opening range in an opposite direction, and two ends of the model pipe sections are respectively abutted against the first limiting baffle and the second limiting baffle.

Further, the model comprises a first base plate, and the first base plate is arranged between the first limit baffle and the model pipe section; and/or the model comprises a second base plate, and the second base plate is arranged between the second limit baffle and the model pipe section.

Further, the pattern includes a plurality of shims disposed between adjacent ones of the pattern tube segments.

Furthermore, the test device also comprises a grouting pipe for injecting reinforcing grout, the grouting pipe points to the direction of the containing cavity along the opening, the grouting pipe is inserted into the containing cavity from the model pipe section, and the grouting reinforcing body is formed by solidifying the reinforcing grout injected into the containing cavity.

Further, the measuring system comprises a plurality of pressure boxes, and the pressure boxes are arranged on the soil facing surface of the model close to the containing cavity at intervals.

Further, the excitation system comprises a vibration exciter and a connecting plate, and the vibration exciter is fixed on the other side, far away from the soil facing surface, of the model through the connecting plate.

The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, this application embodiment is through setting up the storehouse body, model and filler, the storehouse body has the opening so that the installation model, the model covers on the opening, the appearance chamber is injectd jointly to the model and the storehouse body, thereby the filler is filled and is being held the intracavity and simulate out the pressure of soil layer to the tunnel, the designer can decide the filler of different collocation and rationally set for filling height and filling angle according to the soil structure on the spot, thereby various operating modes that the simulation tunnel passes through bad geologic body are studied, and combine excitation system and measurement system, obtain model load change and long-term settlement law, make final simulation analysis result accurate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test apparatus for simulating tunnel grouting in a shield crossing poor stratum according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a view taken along line A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the cartridge body of the component, wherein the first and second retaining plates are of a split type structure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cross-section of a part model;

FIG. 5 is a view from the direction B of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a component shim;

fig. 8 is an exploded view of another embodiment of the cartridge body of the component, wherein the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are integrally connected.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, technical features in examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the detailed description in the specific embodiment should be understood as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as an improper limitation to the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back" orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in fig. 1, it is to be understood that these terms are merely used for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be considered limiting of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a test device for simulating grouting in a shield tunnel crossing poor stratum comprises a test chamber 1, an excitation system 3 and a measurement system 4.

The test chamber 1 comprises a chamber body 11, a model 12 simulating a tunnel in proportion, a grouting reinforcement body 21 and filler 14 simulating a soil layer, wherein one end part of the chamber body 11 is opened so as to be convenient for filling the filler 14, and the wall surface of the chamber body 11 is provided with an opening 111 so as to be convenient for installing the model 12; the model 12 is detachably connected with the wall surface of the bin body 11 in a bolt connection mode, a clamping connection mode or a pin connection mode, the model 12 covers the opening 111, the cavity 13 is defined by the model 12 and the bin body 11 together, the filler 14 is filled in the cavity 13 to simulate a soil layer, the grouting reinforcement body 21 is formed by solidifying the reinforcement slurry filled in the cavity 13, and the grouting reinforcement body 21 can be used for reinforcing the filler 14 to simulate the pressure of the reinforced soil layer on the tunnel.

The simulation analysis starts, filler 14 is filled into the cavity 13 behind the model 12 to a test elevation layer by layer, the filler 14 can be one or more of sand, stone, soil or gravel, a designer can determine the filler 14 with different collocation according to the soil structure on the spot and reasonably set the filling height and the filling angle, so that various working conditions of the tunnel passing through the unfavorable geologic body are simulated for research, the operability is strong, the repeatability is high, and the simulation result is more real and reliable compared with the theoretical calculation.

The simulation analysis first stage is to inject reinforcing slurry into the filler 14 from the grouting holes 125 at the model 12 to form the grouting reinforcement body 21, and the designer can observe the penetration of the reinforcing slurry from the side wall and end opening of the silo 11.

It should be noted that the testing apparatus may further include a grouting pipe 2 for injecting a reinforcing slurry, specifically, the grouting pipe 2 is inserted into the cavity 13 along a direction in which the opening 111 points to the cavity 13, so as to better simulate an actual situation; specifically, the grouting pipe 2 can be a hollow long pipe with the diameter of 2cm, the wall thickness of 1mm and the length of 17.5cm, and holes with the diameter of 8mm are arranged on the side wall of the grouting pipe 2 to facilitate grouting. One end of the grouting pipe 2 is a pointed end for penetrating through the grouting hole 125 and inserting into the filler 14, and the other end is a threaded hollow structure and connected with an external grouting device (not shown in the figure), so that a grouting pump (not shown in the figure) in the grouting device sends reinforcing grout into the grouting pipe 2 and flows out of the hole on the side wall into the filler 14, and the grouting process is realized.

In the second stage of simulation analysis, as the reinforcing slurry is injected and solidified to form the grouting reinforcing body 21 for reinforcing the filler 14, the stress relationship among the fillers 14 is changed, and the load of the filler 14 on the soil-facing surface 129 is changed, so that the load of the model 12 is also changed; wherein the load is the force applied to the mold 12 by the filler 14. The measurement system 4 can detect the load of the model 12 from the filler 14, in particular the load change in the process that the reinforcing slurry penetrates into the filler 14 and is solidified to form the grouting reinforcing body 21; for example, at the stage when the reinforcing slurry penetrates into the filler 14 but has not yet solidified to form the grouting reinforcement 21, the force applied to the mold 12 by the filler 14 is a first load; and at the stage that the reinforcing grout permeates into the filler 14 and is solidified to form the grouting reinforcing body 21, the acting force applied to the model 12 by the filler 14 is the second load, and the load change in the process of forming the grouting reinforcing body 21 by reinforcing grout can be effectively reflected by comparing the difference value between the first load and the second load and the time curve of changing the first load into the second load, so that a designer can conveniently judge the reinforcing effect of the grouting reinforcing body 21 and make corresponding parameter adjustment, and finally the effect of simulation optimization is achieved.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the measuring system 4 includes a display device (not shown) and a plurality of pressure cells 41 for sensing load changes, the pressure cells 41 may be in a bar shape, the pressure cells 41 are electrically connected to the display device, and the plurality of pressure cells 41 may be disposed at intervals on the soil-facing surface 129 of the model 12 near the cavity 13, especially on both ends and a middle portion of the soil-facing surface 129, so as to better sense pressure changes of the filler 14 and the reinforcing slurry, and display the pressure changes through the display device.

In the third stage of simulation analysis, a cyclic load is applied to the model 12 through the excitation system 3, for example, regular vibration is provided, so that the cyclic load effect of a train in the subway operation process is simulated, the long-term settlement rule of a simulated tunnel can be observed, the effect of grouting reinforcement in a shield crossing poor stratum on controlling the uneven settlement in the subway operation period is researched, and the applicability of a grouting reinforcement scheme in a shield crossing poor stratum hole and the reasonability of parameters are evaluated. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the excitation system 3 includes an exciter 31 and a connecting plate 32, and the exciter 31 is fixed on the other side of the model pipe section 121 away from the soil facing surface 129 through the connecting plate 32 to facilitate applying a vibration force.

In addition, after the reinforcing slurry reaches the age, the model 12 is disassembled so that the reinforcing condition in the cavity 13 after the reinforcing slurry is injected into the filler 14 is observed from the direction of the opening 111, and therefore the wall grouting reinforcing effect of the shield tunnel is simulated, the effective reinforcing range is measured, the effectiveness of reinforcing the filler 14 when the reinforcing slurry permeates into the cavity 13 from the model 12 is evaluated, designers can effectively and accurately judge the effectiveness of grouting reinforcing the wall of the shield tunnel in actual engineering, corresponding parameter adjustment is made, and finally the effect of simulation optimization is achieved.

During the concrete design test device, the storehouse body 11 can be length 2m, wide 1m, high 2 m's cuboid physique, rectangular one end is the filling import of open end as filler 14, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the storehouse body 11 includes first fixed plate 112, connecting portion 114 of second fixed plate 113 and open type, first fixed plate 112 and second fixed plate 113 can adopt split type structure, both are two relatively independent whole boards, first fixed plate 112 and second fixed plate 113 are connected with the both sides of connecting portion 114 respectively, the connected mode can be bolted connection, the welding, bonding or joint. Taking the orientation of fig. 2 as an example, the second fixing plate 113 is installed within 0-0.65 m from the bottom surface of the connecting portion 114, the first fixing plate 112 is installed within 1-2 m from the bottom surface of the connecting portion 114, and an opening 111 is formed between the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 within 0.65-1 m for accommodating the mold 12; the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 may be transparent plates, such as tempered glass plates or plastic plates, so as to facilitate observation of the penetration of the reinforcing slurry from the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113.

It should be noted that, the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 may also adopt an integral connection structure, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 8, that is, the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 are actually a whole plate, the first fixing plate 112 is an upper half part of the whole plate, the second fixing plate 113 is a lower half part of the whole plate, the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 are respectively connected with two sides of the connecting portion 114, the connection mode may be bolt connection, welding, bonding or clamping, and a through hole or an open slot is opened at a portion of the first fixing plate 112 adjacent to the second fixing plate 113 to serve as the opening 111.

In addition, the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113 are integrally connected or separated, a waterproof layer (not shown) may be disposed on a surface of a portion of the first fixing plate 112 contacting the connection portion 114, and a waterproof layer (not shown) may be disposed on a surface of a portion of the second fixing plate 113 contacting the connection portion 114, which both prevent the reinforcing slurry from leaking therefrom.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6, the mold 12 may include a plurality of mold tube segments 121, a first limit baffle 122 and a second limit baffle 122a, the first limit baffle 122 and the second limit baffle 122a may be made of organic glass material, the cross section of the mold tube segment 121 has a semi-circular or half-mouth shape, and the shape of the cross section may be determined according to the actual shield segment 1: the 20-scale is made of concrete, the adjacent model pipe sections 121 are detachably connected, the connection mode can be bolt connection, clamping connection or pin connection, the first limit baffle 122 is fixed on the first fixing plate 112, the second limit baffle 122a is fixed on the second fixing plate 113, the first limit baffle 122 and the second limit baffle 122a oppositely extend into the range of the opening 111, two ends of the model pipe sections 121 are respectively abutted to the first limit baffle 122 and the second limit baffle 122a, and the model pipe sections 121 are prevented from being extruded from the opening 111 under the action of the filler 14.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, the mold 12 includes a first fixing member 126, the first limiting baffle 122 is fixedly connected to the first fixing plate 112 through the first fixing member 126, and similarly, the second limiting baffle 122a is connected to the second fixing plate 113 through the first fixing member 126, so that the fixing effect is good and the disassembly and maintenance are convenient. Specifically, the first fixing element 126 may be a claw bolt, and corresponding threaded holes (not shown) may be left on the first fixing plate 112 and the second fixing plate 113.

In the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the former 12 includes a first shim plate 127, the first shim plate 127 being disposed between the first limit stop 122 and the former pipe segment 121; the model 12 comprises a second backing plate 127a, and the second backing plate 127a is arranged between the second limit baffle 122a and the model pipe section 121, so that a gap is prevented from occurring, and the vibration effect is prevented from being influenced. Specifically, the first backing plate 127 and the first limit baffle 122 may be glued together, and then the model pipe segment 121 abuts against the first backing plate 127, and the second backing plate 127a is the same.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the model 12 includes a plurality of second fixing members 123, the second fixing members 123 may be bolts, and the adjacent model pipe sections 121 are connected by the second fixing members 123 to imitate the tunnel formed by excavation in proportion, so as to closely simulate the actual situation of the shield tunnel, and thus the simulation effect is good; specifically, the side surface of the model pipe section 121 includes a plurality of preformed holes 121a matched with the second fixing member 123, the preformed holes 121a are usually six and are uniformly distributed on the side surface of the model pipe section 121 along the circumferential direction, when the adjacent model pipe sections 121 are spliced, the second fixing member 123 is inserted into at least two of the preformed holes 121a to connect the model pipe sections 121 on both sides into a whole, and the second fixing member 123 bears the shearing force between the model pipe sections 121 to simulate the complex shearing stress change condition between the sections in the shield tunnel.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the model 12 comprises a plurality of gaskets 124 adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the model pipe sections 121, and the gaskets 124 may be a 2mm thick semicircular rubber gasket, and the gaskets 124 are disposed between the adjacent model pipe sections 121 for simulating the function of a rubber water stop strip for preventing water leakage in practical engineering; the spacer 124 may include an aperture 128, and the aperture 128 should be positioned to reserve the hole 121a to facilitate the second fastener 123 to pass through.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the wall surface of the model pipe section 121 includes a plurality of grouting holes 125, the grouting holes 125 may be symmetrically distributed on both sides of the strip-shaped pressure cell 41, the grouting pipes 2 are inserted into the cavity 13 from the side of the model pipe section 121 away from the cavity 13 through the grouting holes 125, and the grouting holes 125 should be radially distributed at positions of 1, 3 and 5 o' clock, taking the orientation in fig. 5 as an example, to ensure that the grouting pipes 2 can uniformly grout the filler 14.

The various embodiments/implementations provided herein may be combined with each other without contradiction.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a test device for simulating shield constructs and passes through slip casting in bad stratum hole which characterized in that: comprises a test chamber (1), an excitation system (3) and a measuring system (4);

the test chamber (1) comprises a chamber body (11), a model (12), a grouting reinforcement body (21) and a filler (14), wherein the chamber body (11) is provided with an opening (111), the model (12) covers the opening (111), the model (12) and the chamber body (11) jointly define a cavity (13), the filler (14) is filled in the cavity (13), and the grouting reinforcement body (21) is used for reinforcing the filler (14);

the measuring system (4) is configured to detect that the model (12) is subjected to a load from the filler (14);

the excitation system (3) is configured to apply a cyclic load to the model (12).

2. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bin body (11) comprises a first fixing plate (112), a second fixing plate (113) and a connecting portion (114), the first fixing plate (112) and the second fixing plate (113) are respectively connected with two sides of the connecting portion (114), the opening (111) is formed between the first fixing plate (112) and the second fixing plate (113), and the first fixing plate (112) and the second fixing plate (113) are both transparent plates.

3. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 2, characterized in that: the surface of the part, in contact with the connecting part (114), of the first fixing plate (112) is provided with a waterproof layer, and the surface of the part, in contact with the connecting part (114), of the second fixing plate (113) is provided with a waterproof layer.

4. A test apparatus for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a hole in a poor stratum according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the model (12) comprises a plurality of model pipe sections (121), a first limiting baffle (122) and a second limiting baffle (122a), the adjacent model pipe sections (121) are detachably connected, the first limiting baffle (122) is fixed on the first fixing plate (112), the second limiting baffle (122a) is fixed on the second fixing plate (113), the first limiting baffle (122) and the second limiting baffle (122a) oppositely extend into the range of the opening (111), and two ends of each model pipe section (121) are respectively abutted to the first limiting baffle (122) and the second limiting baffle (122 a).

5. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mould (12) comprises a first shim plate (127), the first shim plate (127) being arranged between the first limit stop (122) and the mould tube section (121); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the mould (12) comprises a second shim plate (127a), the second shim plate (127a) being arranged between the second limit stop (122a) and the mould tube section (121).

6. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 4, characterized in that: the former (12) includes a plurality of shims (124), the shims (124) being disposed between adjacent ones of the former pipe segments (121).

7. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 4, characterized in that: the test device further comprises a grouting pipe (2) used for injecting reinforcing grout, the grouting pipe (2) points to the direction of the containing cavity (13) along the opening (111), the grouting pipe (2) is inserted into the containing cavity (13) from the position of the model pipe section (121), and the grouting reinforcing body (21) is formed by solidification of the reinforcing grout injected into the containing cavity (13).

8. A test rig for simulating in-hole grouting of a shield through a poor formation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the measuring system (4) comprises a plurality of pressure boxes (41), and the pressure boxes (41) are arranged on the soil facing surface (129) of the model (12) close to the containing cavity (13) at intervals.

9. The test device for simulating shield tunneling through grouting in a poor stratum hole according to claim 8, characterized in that: the excitation system (3) comprises an exciter (31) and a connecting plate (32), and the exciter (31) is fixed on the other side, far away from the soil facing surface (129), of the model (12) through the connecting plate (32).

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