CN210554309U

CN210554309U - Electric automobile

Info

Publication number: CN210554309U
Application number: CN201921082099.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘俊; 李楠; 马永跃
Original assignee: NIO Co Ltd
Current assignee: NIO Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-11
Filing date: 2019-07-11
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-11

Abstract

An electric vehicle is provided. The electric vehicle includes: a plurality of power battery packs that are independently removable and installable, wherein at least one of the plurality of power battery packs is a modular battery pack that is manually removable and installable by a user. According to the utility model discloses a device and method provide more nimble power battery package solution.

Description

Electric automobile

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electric automobile field, more specifically, the utility model relates to an electric automobile with a plurality of power battery package.

Background

At present, electric vehicles are limited by range. The effective means for improving the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is to replace the battery to improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle. However, since the conventional electric vehicle battery is designed as a whole and has a large weight, a specific device is required for the battery replacement operation. The user has to drive the vehicle to the point where the specific equipment is located to perform battery replacement, which increases the burden on the user.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve or at least alleviate the problem that exists among the prior art.

According to some aspects, an electric vehicle is provided, in which a plurality of power battery packs that can be independently detached and installed are provided, wherein at least one of the plurality of power battery packs is a modular battery pack that can be manually detached and installed by a user.

Optionally, the plurality of power battery packs comprises a plurality of power battery packs arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body.

Optionally, one or more of the plurality of power battery packs is configured to be insertable from a side of the vehicle body into a battery pack slot receiving the same.

Optionally, the plurality of power battery packs comprise a first battery pack group consisting of one or more power battery packs arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, and a second battery pack group arranged in a vehicle engine compartment and/or a third battery pack group arranged in a vehicle trunk, wherein the second battery pack group and the third battery pack group are both formed by one or more power battery packs.

Optionally, the power battery packs of the first battery pack group, the second battery pack group and the third battery pack group are configured to be electrically connected with each other after being installed in the vehicle.

Optionally, the plurality of power battery packs includes a second battery pack in the vehicle engine compartment and/or a third battery pack in the vehicle trunk, the second battery pack being a modular battery pack mounted to a second battery pack compartment in the front of the vehicle by opening the vehicle hood, and/or the third battery pack being a modular battery pack mounted to a third battery pack compartment in the rear of the vehicle by opening the vehicle trunk lid.

Optionally, the electric vehicle comprises a first motor for driving front wheels and/or a second motor for driving rear wheels, the electric vehicle further comprising circuitry connected to the plurality of power battery packs and a battery management device configured to control the plurality of power battery packs to power the first motor and/or the second motor in a plurality of modes.

Optionally, the battery management device is configured to control the plurality of power battery packs to power the first motor and/or the second motor in any combination of the following modes:

in the first mode: integrating the electric power of all the power battery packs to supply power for the first motor;

in the second mode: integrating the electric power of all the power battery packs to supply power for the second motor;

in the third mode: integrating the electric power of all the power battery packs to supply power to the first motor and the second motor;

a fourth mode: enabling part of the power battery packs to supply power for the first motor and enabling part of the power battery packs to supply power for the second motor, and integrating power output by the first motor and power output by the second motor; and

a fifth mode: and part of the power battery packs are used for supplying power to the first motor and/or the second motor, and the rest of the battery packs are in a standby state.

Optionally, the plurality of power battery packs comprise a modular battery pack and a backup battery pack, and the battery management device is configured to use the modular battery pack first and prompt a user to replace the modular battery pack when the modular battery pack is in a power shortage state, and if the user does not replace the modular battery pack, start to use the backup battery pack.

Optionally, the electric vehicle includes a second battery pack compartment in the vehicle engine compartment, a third battery pack compartment in the vehicle trunk, and battery pack slots at one or both sides of the bottom of the vehicle.

Optionally, the modular battery pack energy is in the range of 10kwh to 100kwh, preferably 20 to 40 kwh.

Optionally, the modular battery pack weighs in the range of 10 to 20 kg.

Optionally, the modular battery pack is composed of 6 to 10 batteries of 36v to 96v, preferably 6 to 10 batteries of 36v to 96 v.

Still provide an electric automobile's power battery package management method, electric automobile is according to the utility model discloses an embodiment electric automobile, the method includes:

detecting a plurality of power battery packs;

the modularized battery pack is adopted to provide power for the motor;

querying a user whether to replace the standard replacement battery pack when the modular battery pack is under power,

if so, the modular battery pack is replaced, and the modular battery pack is continuously adopted to supply power to the motor,

if not, starting the standby battery pack, reminding the replacement of the modular battery pack again until the standby battery pack is insufficient, and prompting the charging of the standby battery pack.

According to the utility model discloses a device and method provide more nimble power battery package solution.

Drawings

The disclosure of the present invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As is readily understood by those skilled in the art: these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to constitute a limitation on the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the drawings, like numerals are used to indicate like parts, and in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a side view of a vehicle and a plurality of power battery packs therein, according to one embodiment;

FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of a vehicle and a plurality of power battery packs therein, according to one embodiment;

FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of a vehicle and a plurality of power battery packs therein, according to another embodiment;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of a vehicle and a plurality of power battery packs therein according to yet another embodiment;

FIG. 5 shows a top view of a vehicle and a plurality of power battery packs therein according to yet another embodiment; and

fig. 6 illustrates an exemplary power pack control strategy.

Detailed Description

It is easily understood that, according to the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of alternative structural modes and implementation modes can be proposed by those skilled in the art without changing the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting or restricting the technical solutions of the present invention in their entirety or in any other way.

The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like referred to or may be referred to in this specification are defined relative to the configuration shown in the drawings, and are relative terms, and thus may be changed correspondingly according to the position and the use state of the device. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.

Reference is first made to fig. 1 and 2, which show a side view and a top view, respectively, of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention. This electric automobile includes: a plurality of

power battery packs

21,22,23 that can be independently removed and installed, at least one of the plurality of

power battery packs

21,22,23 being a modular battery pack, a modular battery pack being referred to herein as a power battery pack that can be manually removed and installed by a user. In the present embodiment, the electric vehicle includes a first battery pack 21 at the bottom of the vehicle, and the first battery pack 21 is a backup battery pack that must be mounted and dismounted by a specific device, for example, having a power of 50-100 kwh. In this embodiment, the electric car further includes a second battery pack 22 in the vehicle engine compartment and a third battery pack 23 in the vehicle trunk. The second and

third battery packs

22 and 23 may be modular battery packs, they may have the same shape and size, and may be a general type of power battery pack that can be used for various vehicle models. In some embodiments, the modular battery pack may have a charge of 20 to 40 kwh. It should be understood that although in the illustrated embodiment, the electric vehicle includes: three of the first battery pack 21, the second battery pack 22 and the third battery pack 23, in alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle may include only two of them, such as only the first battery pack 21 and the second battery pack 22, or only the first battery pack 21 and the third battery pack 23, or only the second battery pack 22 and the third battery pack 23, in still other alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle may include more battery packs, which may be modular battery packs and placed in other suitable locations of the vehicle. In still other alternative embodiments, the first battery pack 21, the second battery pack 22, and the third battery pack 23 may be a first battery pack group, a second battery pack group, and a third battery pack group, each of which may include one or more power battery packs. In some embodiments, after the plurality of power battery packs of each of the first battery pack group, the second battery pack group and the third battery pack group are disposed at specific positions on the vehicle, the power battery packs in the respective battery pack groups can be electrically connected to each other, thereby commonly driving the motor.

As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, a second battery pack storage compartment 220 for storing a second battery pack 22 is provided between two front wheels 41 in the engine compartment of the vehicle, and a top cover 223 capable of being opened by being turned is provided on the top of the second battery pack storage compartment. Second battery pack 22 is first placed at first position 221, depicted by the dashed line, and inserted into second battery pack receptacle 220 at second position 222, followed by closing top cover 223. The entire operation may be done manually by the user. Similarly, in some embodiments, a third battery pack storage compartment 230 for storing a third battery pack 23 is provided between the two rear wheels 42 in the trunk of the vehicle, and a rear cover 233 is provided on the rear side thereof to be opened in a flip manner. The third battery pack 23 is first placed at a position 231 depicted by a dotted line and inserted into the third battery pack receiving compartment 230 at a second position 232, and then the rear cover 233 is closed. The entire operation may be done manually by the user. In some embodiments, the second battery pack compartment 220 and the third battery pack compartment 230 may have guide wheels to assist in manual installation and removal of the modular battery pack. In some embodiments, each battery pack and each battery pack receptacle may have mating connectors such that when a battery pack is in place it is electrically connected to other battery packs in the same battery pack or directly to the wiring of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the electric vehicle includes a first electric machine 31 driving the front wheels 41 and a second electric machine 32 driving the rear wheels 42, and in alternative embodiments, the electric vehicle may include only one electric machine. The electric vehicle further includes circuitry connected to the plurality of power battery packs 21,22,23 and a battery management device (not shown) configured to control the plurality of power battery packs 21,22,23 to power the first motor 31 and/or the second motor 32 in a plurality of modes.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in this embodiment, the vehicle includes only the third battery pack 23 as a modular battery pack, while the vehicle underbody includes a first battery pack group that includes two battery packs 218,219 that must be installed and removed by specific equipment. Alternatively, four battery packs may be provided on the bottom of the vehicle. Such an arrangement may be used for compact vehicles or micro-vehicles. Dividing the first battery pack into two or four battery packs may improve the safety of the battery packs.

With continued reference to fig. 4 and 5, another embodiment of an electric vehicle according to the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, portions similar to those in fig. 1 are not described in detail, but the electric vehicle includes a first battery pack group in the vehicle bottom, the first battery pack group includes a plurality of modular battery packs 211,212, the plurality of modular battery packs 211,212 of the first battery pack group can be inserted into battery pack insertion slots 11 in the vehicle bottom from one side or both sides, and the insertion slots of the modular battery packs can be located under the floor in the vehicle. As shown more clearly in fig. 5, the first battery pack group includes a modular battery pack 211 inserted into a first side of the vehicle underbody and a modular battery pack 212 inserted into a second side of the vehicle underbody. It should be appreciated that although the illustrated embodiment shows the modular battery packs 211,212 and the second and third battery packs 22,23 of the underbody of the vehicle as being different sized modular battery packs, in an alternative embodiment, the modular battery packs 211,212 and the second and third battery packs 22,23 of the underbody of the vehicle may be the same sized modular battery packs. Although the first pack group is shown to include a total of 12 standardized batteries, in alternative embodiments, the first pack group may have more or fewer standardized batteries. In some embodiments, a battery pack backup and a plurality of modular battery packs may also be provided on the bottom of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the modular battery pack may have guide wheels in the slots to assist in the installation and removal of the battery pack. With this arrangement, a user can manually install and remove the modular battery packs 211,212 in the first battery pack.

In some embodiments, the normalized battery energy according to various embodiments may be between 20kwh and 40 kwh. In some embodiments, the weight of a standardized battery according to various embodiments may be in the range of 10 to 20 kg. In some embodiments, a modular battery pack according to various embodiments may be constructed of 6 to 10 pieces of 36 to 96v batteries.

In some embodiments, the battery management device of the electric vehicle is configured to control the plurality of power battery packs 21,22,23 to power the first electric machine 31 and/or the second electric machine 32 in the following modes:

in the first mode: integrating the electric power of the power battery pack to supply power for the first motor;

in the second mode: integrating the electric power of the power battery pack to supply power for the second motor;

in the third mode: integrating the power of the power battery pack to supply power for the first motor and the second motor;

In some embodiments, the battery management device is configured to control the plurality of power battery packs 21,22,23 to power the first motor 31 and/or the second motor 32 in any combination of the above-mentioned modes, such as any two, three or four of the above-mentioned modes.

In some embodiments, taking the electric vehicle of fig. 1 as an example, the battery management apparatus therein is configured to enable the vehicle to freely switch between nine modes, including:

1) a second battery pack and a first motor are used for driving the low-endurance front wheel;

2) a third battery pack and a second motor, namely a low endurance rear wheel two-wheel drive;

3) second battery pack/first motor + third battery pack/second motor-high endurance full drive;

4) the second battery pack and the third battery pack plus the first motor are high endurance front wheel two-wheel drive;

5) the second battery pack, the third battery pack and the second motor are driven by the high endurance rear wheel;

6) the second battery pack and the third battery pack plus the first motor and the second motor are in high endurance and full drive;

7) the first battery pack and the first motor are driven by two low-endurance front wheels;

8) the first battery pack and the second motor are driven by the low endurance rear wheel;

9) the first battery pack, the first motor and the second motor are low-endurance full-drive.

It should be understood that the matching between the motor and the power battery pack should conform to the following principles:

1. each power battery pack or battery pack group can reach the voltage of the driving motor, and can be driven independently or can be driven one by two;

2. a plurality of battery packs or battery pack groups can be used in parallel to increase power and increase endurance;

3. the motor and the battery can be connected through a driver or a control panel (device), and the devices can be selected and matched according to needs.

In another aspect, a power battery pack management method for an electric vehicle is further provided, where the method includes: detecting a plurality of power battery packs; the modularized battery pack is adopted to provide power for the motor; inquiring whether the user changes when the modularization battery package is insufficient in power whether the standard is changed the battery package, if so, then changing the modularization battery package to continue adopting the modularization battery package to supply power for the motor, if otherwise starting the reserve battery package, reminding the change once more until the reserve battery package is insufficient in power, and the suggestion does the reserve battery package charges. In some embodiments, such as the electric vehicle shown in fig. 5, the battery pack management method may include using the modular battery pack on one side first, which allows the user to operate only on one side of the vehicle if the battery needs to be replaced when the battery is not depleted.

More specifically, as referring to fig. 6, taking the electric vehicle of fig. 1 as an example, the method includes:

step S1, detecting a plurality of power battery packs;

step S2, the vehicle is started, driven and braked, and modular battery packs are adopted, such as the second battery pack 22 and the third battery pack 23, to provide power for the

motors

31 and 32;

step S3, the modular battery pack is lack of power;

step S4, inquiring whether the user replaces the battery pack, if so, executing S7, otherwise, executing S5,

in step S5, a backup battery pack, such as the first battery pack 21,

in step S6, the backup battery pack is short of power,

step S7, the modular battery pack is purchased, replaced and manually installed at a nearby shop, supermarket, gas station and the like, and in step S7, if the standby battery pack is in power shortage, the user is reminded to charge the standby battery pack; and

in step S8, the vehicle continues to travel.

According to the utility model discloses an electric automobile and battery management method of some embodiments have the advantage can include:

the battery pack of the electric automobile is miniaturized, for example, a 90kwh battery pack is divided into three 30kwh modularized battery packs, so that the battery pack is easy to replace, maintain, upgrade and the like;

the system is convenient for a supplier to provide more flexible battery replacement service, such as the system can be provided in supermarkets, gas stations and the like, and even can be replaced by a user by self;

the power battery packs of the vehicle are dispersed, the temperature of each power battery pack is easier to control, and the safety is improved.

The miniaturized battery pack can also provide other purposes, such as the common use with a battery car and the like.

The foregoing description of the specific embodiments has been presented only to illustrate the principles of the invention more clearly, and to show or describe various components clearly so that the principles of the invention may be understood more readily. Various modifications or changes may be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The electric automobile is characterized in that a plurality of power battery packs which can be independently disassembled and assembled are arranged in the electric automobile, wherein at least one of the power battery packs is a modular battery pack which can be manually disassembled and assembled by a user.

2. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the plurality of power battery packs comprises a plurality of power battery packs disposed on an underbody.

3. The electric vehicle of claim 2, wherein one or more of the plurality of power battery packs are configured to be insertable from a side of the vehicle body into a battery pack slot that receives the same.

4. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the plurality of power battery packs comprises a first battery pack group of one or more power battery packs disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body, and a second battery pack group disposed in the vehicle engine compartment and/or a third battery pack group disposed in the vehicle trunk, wherein the second and third battery pack groups are each comprised of one or more power battery packs.

5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the power battery packs of the first battery pack group, the second battery pack group, and the third battery pack group are configured to be electrically connectable to each other after being installed in the vehicle.

6. The electric vehicle of claim 1, comprising a first motor for driving front wheels and/or a second motor for driving rear wheels, the electric vehicle further comprising circuitry connected to the plurality of power battery packs and a battery management device configured to control the plurality of power battery packs to power the first motor and/or the second motor in a plurality of modes.

7. The electric vehicle of claim 6, wherein the battery management device is configured to control the plurality of power battery packs to power the first motor and/or the second motor in any combination of the following modes:

8. The electric vehicle of claim 6, wherein the plurality of power battery packs comprises a modular battery pack and a backup battery pack, and the battery management device is configured to use the modular battery pack first and prompt a user to replace the modular battery pack when the modular battery pack is in a power-down state, and to start using the backup battery pack if the user does not replace the modular battery pack.

9. The electric vehicle of claim 1, comprising a second battery compartment in the vehicle's engine compartment, a third battery compartment in the vehicle's trunk, and battery compartment slots at one or both sides of the vehicle's bottom.

10. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the energy of the modular battery pack is in a range of 10kwh to 100 kwh.

11. The electric vehicle of claim 10, wherein the energy of the modular battery pack is in the range of 20 to 40 kwh.

12. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the modular battery pack weighs in the range of 10 to 20 kg.

13. The electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the modular battery pack is comprised of 6 to 10 pieces of 36 to 96v batteries.