CN210521342U - Airway opening device before operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a preoperative airway opening device and an application method thereof, wherein the device comprises a base plate, a neck pillow plate, a headrest plate and a head and neck lifter; the neck pillow plate and the head pillow plate are positioned on the base plate and are in three-hinged connection through a pin shaft; the head and neck lifter is arranged on the base plate, and the lifting component of the head and neck lifter acts on the lower surface of the neck pillow plate; the air passage of the patient is naturally opened by the ascending and descending of the ascending and descending component of the head and neck lifter. The device also comprises a back pillow plate and a back neck lifter; one end of the back pillow plate is hinged with the base plate through a first pin shaft, the back pillow plate can form an included angle with the base plate through rotating around the first pin shaft, and the other end of the back pillow plate is hinged with the neck pillow plate through a second pin shaft; the nape lifter is mounted on the base plate with its lifting member acting under the back rest plate. The advantages are that: the patient airway can be fully opened by lifting the back close to the neck and lifting the neck close to the head; the equipment is simple and convenient to operate; the equipment is convenient to be placed and moved.

Description

Airway opening device before operation

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a preoperative airway opening device and method, belonging to the field of medical equipment.

Background

Before the operation of a patient, general anesthesia generally comprises the steps of sequentially performing anesthesia induction, oxygen mask oxygen supply and gas tube intubation (laryngeal mask) oxygen supply on the patient. During oxygen mask ventilation and preparation of a tracheal tube (laryngeal mask), the patient's airway needs to be opened. In the existing clinical operation, medical staff uses double (single) hands to lift the chin of a patient upwards on an operating table, the head of the patient is bent backwards as much as possible, and an included angle is formed between the neck and the head of the patient, so that the airway of the patient is forced to be opened. After the airway of the patient is opened, an anaesthetist needs to forcibly maintain the state that the head of the patient leans backwards for a period of time, so that the patient can conveniently implement mask oxygen supply to improve the blood oxygen concentration of the patient before intubation, and then the patient still needs to smoothly perform intubation (laryngeal mask) in the state that the head of the patient leans backwards. This procedure is disadvantageous in that it is time-consuming and laborious, and secondly, after completion of the intubation, the medical staff must take care from time to prevent the inserted trachea (laryngeal mask) from deviating from the correct position or even falling out when the patient's head is deflected.

The utility model aims to provide a preoperative airway opening device and method which are convenient for the operation of medical staff and comfortable for patients.

Through the internal search, find that utility model "gynaecology flows air flue opening device for operation table" (authorization notice No. CN208974452U, authorization notice day 2019.06.14) has similar part with the utility model, its invention essential content is:

the air passage opening device for the gynecological induced abortion operation bed comprises an operation bed and is characterized by further comprising a clamping sleeve, an inflatable balloon, a fixing sleeve, a connecting plate, inserting holes, an air cushion, a connecting air pipe, a hook, an elastic rope and a forehead cushion, wherein the clamping sleeve is positioned at the top end of the left side of the operation bed, the clamping sleeve is movably connected with the operation bed, the inflatable balloon is positioned at the front end of the right side of the bottom of the clamping sleeve and is in threaded connection with the clamping sleeve, the fixing sleeve is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the clamping sleeve, the fixing sleeve is integrally connected with the clamping sleeve, the connecting plate penetrates through the inside of the fixing sleeve, the connecting plate is in sliding connection with the fixing sleeve, the inserting holes are a plurality of pieces, the inserting holes are sequentially distributed inside the connecting plate from left to right, the inserting holes are circular through holes, the connecting air pipe be located between air cushion and the inflatable balloon, connecting air pipe head and end both ends link to each other with air cushion and inflatable balloon glue respectively, couple quantity be a plurality of, the couple distribute in both ends around cutting ferrule top left side, couple and cutting ferrule an organic whole link to each other, the stretch cord run through in the couple, stretch cord and couple activity link to each other, the forehead pad be located stretch cord between two liang, forehead pad and stretch cord sew up to close and link to each other.

The utility model discloses a simple structure can solve corresponding problem to a certain extent. However, the following disadvantages are also present:

1. airway patency is limited. The utility model has only one inflatable cushion, and the inflatable lifting part is limited to one part below the back, neck and head of the patient. Because people's air flue is opened, need to form a less contained angle between neck and the head, and because human neck length is limited, when human back and head are in the coplanar of bed surface with the head, receive human back gravity influence, the height of neck independent lifting is limited, and its contained angle that forms with the head is not enough to make the air flue fully open yet. If the neck is lifted up strongly, the patient feels pain in the stressed part and also feels a faint head, which makes it difficult to maintain the posture of the patient for a long time. If only the back is lifted, the included angle is formed between the back and the neck, and the head is suspended through the neck, so that the opening effect of the air passage is limited, and the head is also caused to be unconscious.

2. The air cushion is lifted slowly and the operation is troublesome. The utility model discloses a need press repeatedly the gasbag and impress outside air into in the air cushion and make the air cushion inflate the lifting, adopt the trachea to exhaust when reducing, such operation is not as swift as mechanical operation, feels not as directly perceived controllable as mechanical operation.

3. The patient's head deflection cannot be controlled. The utility model discloses a forehead pad that uses can only control the lifting of forehead, and the uncontrollable head deflects to both sides.

4. The installation is complicated and time-consuming. The utility model is only suitable for the gynecological induced abortion operation bed, namely, the utility model is fixedly installed on the special operation bed, and is not suitable for the general operation bed because the operation bed is difficult to be assembled, disassembled and moved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: the height of the back and neck joint part and the height of the head and neck joint part of the patient are adjusted by using the device in the limited space between the head, the neck, the back and the lower operating bed of the patient, so that the back and the neck joint part, particularly the head and the neck joint part, form a proper included angle, and the airway of the patient is fully opened.

In order to solve the above problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

an airway opening device before an intubation process comprises a base plate, a neck pillow plate, a head pillow plate and a head and neck lifter; the neck pillow plate and the head pillow plate are positioned on the base plate and are in three-hinged connection through a pin shaft; the head and neck lifter (8) is arranged on the base plate (10) and acts with the lower surface of the neck pillow plate (2) close to the pin shaft III (6); under the action of the head and neck lifter (8), an included angle can be formed between the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3), so that the airway of a patient is naturally opened.

Further, the preoperative airway opening device further comprises a back pillow plate and a back neck lifter; one end of the back pillow plate is hinged with the base plate through a first pin shaft, the back pillow plate can form an included angle with the base plate through rotating around the first pin shaft, and the other end of the back pillow plate is hinged with the neck pillow plate through a second pin shaft; under the action of the nape lifter (7), one end of the back pillow plate (1) close to the second pin shaft (5) can be lifted.

Further, the head and neck lifter comprises a push type handle, a rotating shaft, a primary spiral arm, a primary shaft sleeve, a first shaft seat and a second shaft seat; the first shaft seat and the second shaft seat are arranged on the base plate and respectively control two ends of the rotating shaft, the push type handle is fixed with the rotating shaft at one end of the rotating shaft, one end of the first-stage spiral arm is fixed on the first-stage shaft sleeve, and the first-stage shaft sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft between the first shaft seat and the second shaft seat and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft.

Further, it is characterized in that: the head and neck lifter also comprises a secondary rotating arm, a left thrust gear, a right thrust gear, a left driven gear and a right driven gear; one end of the secondary spiral arm is provided with a secondary left shaft sleeve and a secondary right shaft sleeve which are coaxial, and a rectangular hollow part is arranged between the secondary left shaft sleeve and the secondary right shaft sleeve of the secondary spiral arm; a second-stage left shaft sleeve and a second-stage right shaft sleeve of the second-stage swing arm are sleeved on the rotating shaft and can rotate around the rotating shaft; the first-stage radial arm is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft in a rectangular hollow space between the second-stage left shaft sleeve and the second-stage right shaft sleeve of the second-stage radial arm; the left thrust baffle is fixedly connected to the left end of the primary shaft sleeve, and the right thrust baffle is fixedly connected to the right end of the primary shaft sleeve; the left driven baffle is fixedly connected to the right end of the second-stage left shaft sleeve and extends in an intercepting manner towards the adjacent left thrust baffle, and the right driven baffle is fixedly connected to the left end of the second-stage right shaft sleeve and extends in an intercepting manner towards the adjacent right thrust baffle.

Furthermore, the left driven baffle and the right driven baffle of the head and neck lifter are both in a bush shape and are both provided with a clockwise interception section and an anticlockwise interception section, and the clockwise interception section and the anticlockwise interception section are spaced in the arc direction of the rotating shaft; the left thrust block and the right thrust block are both in a bearing bush shape and are both provided with a clockwise thrust surface and an anticlockwise thrust surface; the left thrust block is positioned between the clockwise blocking section and the anticlockwise blocking section of the left driven block, and the width of the left thrust block is smaller than the distance between the clockwise blocking section and the anticlockwise blocking section of the left driven block; the right thrust gear is arranged between the clockwise interception section and the anticlockwise interception section of the right driven gear, and the width of the right thrust gear is smaller than the distance between the clockwise interception section and the anticlockwise interception section of the right driven gear.

Furthermore, the back neck lifter comprises a left rotating arm, a right rotating arm, a rocking handle and a synchronous power transmission system; the rocking handle controls the left rotating arm and the right rotating arm to synchronously lift through a power transmission system.

Further, the synchronous power transmission system of the back neck lifter comprises a left worm wheel, a left worm bevel gear, a left synchronous bevel gear (764) wheel, a synchronous shaft, a right synchronous bevel gear, a right worm and a right worm wheel; the gear teeth on the upper part of the left worm wheel are meshed with the pushing thread at one end of the left worm, the other end of the left worm is coaxially fixedly connected with the left worm bevel gear, the gear teeth on the upper part of the right worm wheel are meshed with the pushing thread at one end of the right worm, the other end of the right worm is coaxially fixedly connected with the right worm bevel gear, a left synchronizing bevel gear (764) and a right synchronizing bevel gear are coaxially fixedly connected with the synchronizing shaft at the left end and the right end of the synchronizing shaft respectively, the bevel gear of the left worm bevel gear is meshed with the bevel gear of the left synchronizing bevel gear (764), and the bevel gear of the right worm bevel gear; the left worm is parallel to the right worm, the synchronizing shaft is respectively vertical to the left worm and the right worm, and a synchronous transmission system comprising the left worm, the right worm and the synchronizing shaft forms a rectangular frame with an open bottom edge.

Furthermore, the synchronous power transmission system of the back and neck lifter is arranged on the base plate where the headrest plate and the neck headrest plate are arranged, and the headrest plate and the neck headrest plate are both positioned in the rectangular frame with the open bottom edge of the synchronous power transmission system; one end of the synchronous shaft extends outwards and is fixedly connected with the rocking handle; the left rotating arm is coaxially and fixedly connected with the left worm wheel on the right side of the left worm wheel, and the right rotating arm is coaxially and fixedly connected with the right worm wheel on the left side of the right worm wheel.

Further, the headrest plate is provided with a headrest concave surface; the two sides of the concave surface of the headrest are provided with ear protection seats for preventing the head from deviating laterally, and each ear protection seat comprises an ear seat fixed on the headrest plate and an ear protection capable of sliding left and right on the headrest plate.

Furthermore, a screwing bolt with a screwing thread at one end is arranged on the back surface of the ear protection seat, a left and right through screwing thread hole is arranged on the ear seat, and one end of the screwing bolt with the screwing thread is positioned in the screwing thread hole on the ear seat; the back of the ear protector is also provided with a guide pin, one end of the guide pin is fixed on the back of the ear protector, a left guide hole and a right guide hole are arranged on the ear seat, and the other end of the guide pin is positioned in the guide hole on the ear seat.

The utility model has the advantages that:

one, through the back lifting that is close to the neck and the neck lifting that is close to the head, can make the patient's air flue fully open, can regard as the appurtenance before general anesthesia intubate (laryngeal mask), avoided two (single) hands of original use to hold up the chin and open the air flue, can directly use the utility model discloses, more do benefit to medical personnel's intubate operation.

Second, can adjust patient back of the body, neck angle and head, neck angle in a flexible way, not only be favorable to behind the intubate to the patient implement the operation, special operation in the nursing, also enable the patient and select more comfortable sleeping bed posture, avoid patient's head to swell unconsciously, safe travelling comfort is higher.

Thirdly, the equipment is simple and convenient to operate.

The device is convenient to place and move, can be used as a protection device behind a general anesthesia intubation (laryngeal mask), can prevent the tracheal intubation (laryngeal mask) from deviating from the correct position when a patient suffers from cough in an operation and changes the bed after the operation is finished, avoids repeated intubation (laryngeal mask) stimulation, and is particularly suitable for patients with difficult airways.

And fifthly, the requirement that the patient keeps the head in the backward leaning position in the processes of otology, nasolaryngology, spinal column and neurosurgery of partial disease departments is met, so that the clinical application range of the device is further expanded.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preoperative airway opening device according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the embodiment one shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the head and neck lifter according to the first embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the head and neck lifter according to the first embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the head and neck lifter according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a relationship between a left thrust gear and a left driven gear according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the position of the lower supporting position of the neck rest according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a synchronous power transmission system of the nape lifter according to the first embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic left side plan view of the preoperative airway opening device according to the first embodiment, showing the functional relationship of the back cushion plate and the left rotating arm when the back cushion plate is lowered and laid flat on the base plate;

fig. 10 is a schematic left side plan view of the preoperative airway opening device in accordance with the first embodiment, showing the functional relationship of the back rest plate and the left rotating arm when the back rest plate is lifted to a certain height by the neck portion;

fig. 11 is a perspective view of an ear protection seat according to the first embodiment;

fig. 12 is an exploded view of an ear protector and an ear seat in an ear protector seat according to a first embodiment;

fig. 13 is a perspective view of the preoperative airway opening device of the second embodiment after being cushioned.

In the figure: 1. a back pillow plate; 101. a back bolster cushion; 2. a neck pillow plate; 201. neck pillow plate cushions; 3. a headrest plate; 301. a headrest plate cushion; 4. a first pin shaft; 5. a second pin shaft; 6. a third pin shaft; 7. a nape lifter; 70. a pulley; 71. a left rotating arm; 72. a left turbine; 73. a right rotating arm; 74. a right turbine; 75. a rocking handle; 76. a synchronous power transmission system; 761. a left snail screw; 762. a left worm; 763. a left worm bevel gear; 764. a left synchronizing bevel gear; 765. a synchronizing shaft; 766. a right synchronizing bevel gear; 767. a right worm bevel gear; 768. a right worm; 769. a right snail screw; 8. a head and neck riser; 80. a rotating shaft; 81. a push-type handle; 82. a first-stage swing arm; 821. a primary shaft sleeve; 822. a first-stage sliding shaft; 83. a secondary swing arm; 831. a secondary left shaft sleeve; 832. a second-stage right shaft sleeve; 833. a secondary slide shaft; 84. a first shaft seat; 85. a second shaft seat; 86. a left thrust gear; 87. a right thrust gear; 88. a left driven gear; 89. a right driven gear; 801. a clockwise thrust face; 802. a counterclockwise thrust face; 803. a clockwise blocking section; 804. a counterclockwise blocking section; 9. an ear protection seat; 91. an ear mount; 92. protecting ears; 93. screwing in the bolt; 931. rotating the handle; 911. screwing into the threaded hole; 912. a guide hole; 921. a guide pin; 10. a substrate; 102. a substrate inclined plane cushion; 11. a headrest concave surface; 12. a mechanical box; 13. a support position; 14. a chest strap; 15. a head binding band; 16. a handle.

Detailed Description

For convenience of description and understanding of the present invention, first, the "left" and "right" directions in the present invention are defined as follows:

left: left side orientation of the patient when supine; and (3) right: right side orientation of the patient when supine.

Secondly, the technical difficulties brought by the special requirements of the device of the utility model are briefly explained. As shown in fig. 1, the difficulty of the present invention lies in: on one hand, when the device is used for preoperative intubation of a patient, the lifting mechanism is used for lifting the relative positions of the back pillow plate (1), the neck pillow plate (2) and the headrest plate (3) upwards; on the other hand, during anesthesia after intubation, operation and rest after bed moving, the patient needs to continue using the device, and if necessary, the back pillow plate (1), the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3) need to be lowered and leveled at the raised positions, the back pillow plate (1), the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3) which are lowered and leveled are required to be respectively as thin as possible with the base plate (10), and the lifting mechanism is required to occupy the space in the height direction between the back pillow plate (1), the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3) and the base plate (10) as little as possible.

The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and figures.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a preoperative airway opening device during intubation comprises a base plate 10, a neck pillow plate 2, a head pillow plate 3 and a head and neck lifter 8; the neck pillow plate 2 and the head pillow plate 3 are positioned on the base plate 10, and the neck pillow plate 2 and the head pillow plate 3 are hinged through a pin shaft III 6; the head and neck lifter (8) is arranged on the base plate (10) and acts with the lower surface of the neck pillow plate (2) close to the pin shaft III (6); under the action of the head and neck lifter (8), an included angle can be formed between the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3), so that the air passage of the patient is naturally opened, and medical staff can enter the oxygen hose conveniently.

The preoperative airway opening device also comprises a back pillow plate 1 and a back neck lifter 7; one end of the back pillow plate 1 is hinged with the base plate 10 through a first pin shaft 4, the back pillow plate 1 can form an included angle with the base plate 10 through rotating around the first pin shaft 4, and the other end of the back pillow plate 1 is hinged with the neck pillow plate 2 through a second pin shaft 5; the nape lifter 7 is arranged on the base plate 10, and a lifting component of the nape lifter acts on the lower surface of the back pillow plate 1 close to the second pin shaft 5; under the effect of back of the body neck riser (7), can make back of the body pillow board (1) rise near the one end of round pin axle two (5), like this, can further make and form littleer contained angle between neck pillow board 2 and the headrest board 3 to make patient's head more lean back, force patient's air flue fully to open, make medical personnel give the very convenience that patient's intubate becomes. Meanwhile, the back pillow plate 1 and the base plate 10 can be adjusted through the back and neck lifter 7, and the included angle between the back pillow plate 1 and the neck pillow plate 2 enables the back, the neck and the head of the patient to be in a relatively comfortable posture.

As shown in fig. 3-7, the neck lifter 8 includes a push-type handle 81, a rotating shaft 80, a primary rotating arm 82, a primary shaft sleeve (821), a first shaft seat 84 and a second shaft seat 85; the first shaft seat 84 and the second shaft seat are installed on the substrate 10 and respectively control two ends of the rotating shaft 80, the push-type handle 81 is fixed with the rotating shaft 80 at one end of the rotating shaft 80, one end of the primary spiral arm 82 is fixed on the primary shaft sleeve (821), and the primary shaft sleeve (821) is sleeved on the rotating shaft 80 between the first shaft seat 84 and the second shaft seat 85 and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 80; a primary slide shaft 822 is also provided at the outer end of the primary radial arm 82. As can be seen from the above arrangement, rigid fixed components are formed among the handle, the rotating shaft 80, the first-stage shaft sleeve (821) and the first-stage radial arm 82, and when the handle is pushed, the first-stage radial arm 82 synchronously rotates; such an arrangement is primarily intended for some patients where the airway can be opened by slightly raising the cervical junction. During operation, the back neck lifter 7 is not needed to be started, and the pushing handle 81 of the head neck lifter 8 is only needed to be pushed, so that the first-stage sliding shaft 822 at the outer end of the first-stage rotating arm 82 slides backwards along the lower surface of the neck pillow plate 2 to the supporting position 13 close to the pin shaft III 6, an included angle is formed between the neck pillow plate 2 and the head pillow plate 3, the head of the patient can be forced to face backwards, and the airway of the patient is opened naturally.

The supporting position 13 is an arc-shaped groove which is arranged below the neck pillow plate 2 and is close to the third 6 of the pin shaft; the supporting position 13 is used to make the primary sliding shaft 822 at the outer end of the primary radial arm 82 stay at the position stably.

The head and neck lifter 8 further comprises a secondary rotating arm 83, a left thrust catch 86, a right thrust catch 87, a left driven catch 88 and a right driven catch 89; one end of the secondary swing arm 83 is provided with a secondary left shaft sleeve 831 and a secondary right shaft sleeve 832 which are coaxial, and a rectangular hollow part is arranged between the secondary left shaft sleeve 831 and the secondary right shaft sleeve 832 of the secondary swing arm 83; the second-stage left sleeve 831 and the second-stage right sleeve 832 of the second-stage swing arm 83 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 80 and can rotate around the rotating shaft 80; a secondary sliding shaft 833 is also arranged at the outer end of the secondary spiral arm 83; the primary radial arm 82 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 80 in a rectangular hollow space between the secondary left shaft sleeve 831 and the secondary right shaft sleeve 832 of the secondary radial arm 83; the left thrust stop 86 is fixedly connected to the left end of the primary shaft sleeve (821), and the right thrust stop 87 is fixedly connected to the right end of the primary shaft sleeve (821); the left driven catch 88 is fixedly connected to the right end of the second-stage left sleeve 831 and extends in an intercepting manner toward the adjacent left thrust catch 86, and the right driven catch 89 is fixedly connected to the left end of the second-stage right sleeve 832 and extends in an intercepting manner toward the adjacent right thrust catch 87. The above arrangement means that the rotation of the shaft 80 does not cause the secondary arm 83 to rotate with the shaft 80. The rotation of the second-stage arm 83 is achieved by the left and right thrust stops 86 and 87 fixed to the first-stage sleeve 821 pushing the left driven stop 88 and 89 fixed to the second-stage left sleeve 831 and the second-stage right sleeve 832, respectively. The length of second grade spiral arm 83 is greater than one-level spiral arm 82, when second grade sliding shaft 833 of second grade spiral arm 83 tip slided backward to being close to round pin axle three 6 and support position 13 below along neck pillow 2, neck pillow 2 is close to round pin axle three 6 department and rises to the highest design position, and under the cooperation that back of the body neck riser 7 adjusted the height of back pillow board near round pin axle two 5 departments, can further make and form littleer contained angle between neck pillow 2 and the headrest board 3 to make patient's head more lean on backward, force patient's air flue fully to open.

The left driven baffle 88 and the right driven baffle 89 of the head and neck lifter are both in a bush shape and are both provided with a clockwise interception section 803 and a counterclockwise interception section 804, and the clockwise interception section 803 and the counterclockwise interception section 804 are spaced in the arc direction of the rotating shaft 80; the left thrust block 86 and the right thrust block 87 are both in a bush shape and are provided with a clockwise thrust surface 801 and a counterclockwise thrust surface 802; the left thrust catch 86 is positioned between the clockwise dam section 803 and the counterclockwise dam section 804 of the left driven catch 88, and the width of the left thrust catch is smaller than the distance between the clockwise dam section 803 and the counterclockwise dam section 804 of the left driven catch 88; the right push stop 87 is positioned between the clockwise dam section 803 and the counterclockwise dam section 804 of the right follower stop 89, and the width of the right push stop 87 is less than the distance between the clockwise dam section 803 and the counterclockwise dam section 804 of the right follower stop 89. The above setting is actually: when the counterclockwise thrust faces 802 of the left and right thrust stops 86, 87 are in contact with the counterclockwise dam sections 804 of the left and right driven stops 88, 89, respectively, the clockwise thrust faces 801 of the left and right thrust stops 86, 87 are maximally spaced from the clockwise dam sections 803 of the left and right driven stops 88, 89, respectively. Conversely, when the clockwise thrust surfaces 801 of the left and right thrust stops 86, 87 are in contact with the clockwise rail sections 803 of the left and right driven stops 88, 89, respectively, the counterclockwise thrust surfaces 802 of the left and right thrust stops 86, 87 are maximally spaced from the counterclockwise rail sections 804 of the left and right driven stops 88, 89, respectively.

The structure and function of the head and neck lifter 8 are applied in the practical application process according to the following principle:

in the neck lifter 8 shown in fig. 3, the secondary arm 83 and the primary arm 82 are both laid down on the base plate 10 under the control of the left thrust stop 86 and the right thrust stop 87 of the primary arm 82, and the base plate 10 below the neck lifter 8 and the neck pillow plate 2 above the neck lifter 8 are not shown in the figure for easy observation. At this time, the counterclockwise thrust surfaces 802 of the left and right thrust stops 86, 87 contact the counterclockwise blocking sections 804 of the left and right driven stops 88, 89, respectively. In this state, the neck rest 2 is in a lowered flat state, and the height between the base plate 10 and the upper neck rest 2 is at the lowest level.

As shown in fig. 4, the primary arm 82 of the whipstock 8 rotates clockwise with the push-type handle 81 from the lodging state shown in fig. 3, and when the whipstock reaches a set angle, the clockwise thrust surfaces 801 of the left thrust piece 86 and the right thrust piece 87 of the primary arm 82 contact the clockwise blocking sections 803 of the left driven piece 88 and the right driven piece 89 of the secondary arm 83, respectively, so as to force the secondary arm 83 and the primary arm 82 to rotate clockwise; when the primary sliding shaft 822 at the outer end of the primary rotating arm 82 is positioned at the supporting position 13 below the neck pillow plate 2, the primary lifting of the head and neck lifter 8 is completed. According to the design requirement, when the first-stage radial arm 82 completes the first-stage lifting of the head and neck lifter 8, the second-stage sliding shaft 833 at the outer end of the second-stage radial arm 83 should just contact with the lower surface of the neck pillow plate 2 (for the convenience of observation, the base plate 10 below the head and neck lifter 8 and the neck pillow plate 2 above the head and neck lifter are not shown in the figure).

As shown in fig. 5, in the neck lifter 8, the primary radial arm 82 rotates clockwise with the push-type handle 81 from the state shown in fig. 4, the clockwise thrust surfaces 801 of the left thrust stop 86 and the right thrust stop 87 of the primary radial arm 82 keep in contact with the clockwise blocking sections 803 of the left driven stop 88 and the right driven stop 89 of the secondary radial arm 83, respectively, so as to force the secondary radial arm 83 and the primary radial arm 82 to rotate clockwise again; and completing the secondary lifting of the head and neck lifter 8 until the secondary slide shaft at the outer end of the secondary rotating arm 83 is positioned at the supporting position 13 below the neck pillow plate 2 (for the convenience of observation, the base plate 10 below the head and neck lifter 8 and the neck pillow plate 2 above the head and neck lifter 8 are not shown in the figure).

As shown in fig. 8-10, the nape lifter 7 includes a left swivel arm 71, a right swivel arm 73, a rocking handle 75 and a synchronous power transmission system 76; the rocking handle 75 controls the left rotating arm 71 and the right rotating arm 73 to synchronously ascend and descend through a force transmission system. The synchronous power transmission system 76 of the back neck lifter 7 comprises a left worm wheel 72, a left worm 762, a left worm bevel gear 763, a left synchronizing bevel gear 764, a synchronizing shaft 765, a right synchronizing bevel gear 766, a right worm bevel gear 767, a right worm 768 and a right worm wheel 74; the gear teeth on the upper part of the left worm wheel 72 are meshed with the pushing threads at one end of the left worm 762, the other end of the left worm 762 is coaxially fixedly connected with a left worm bevel gear 763, the gear teeth on the upper part of the right worm wheel 74 are meshed with the pushing threads at one end of a right worm 768, the other end of the right worm 768 is coaxially fixedly connected with a right worm bevel gear 767, a left synchronizing bevel gear 764 and a right synchronizing bevel gear are coaxially fixedly connected with a synchronizing shaft 765 at the left end and the right end of the synchronizing shaft 765 respectively, the bevel gear of the left worm bevel gear 763 is meshed with the bevel gear of the left synchronizing bevel gear 764, and the bevel gear of the right worm bevel; the left worm 762 is parallel to the right worm 768, the synchronizing shaft 765 is perpendicular to the left worm 762 and the right worm 768 respectively, and a synchronous transmission system comprising the left worm 762, the right worm 768 and the synchronizing shaft 765 forms a rectangular frame with an open bottom edge. The synchronous power transmission system of the nape lifter 7 is arranged on the base plate 10 where the headrest plate 3 and the neck headrest plate 2 are arranged, and the headrest plate 3 and the neck headrest plate 2 are both positioned in a rectangular frame with the bottom edge of the synchronous power transmission system 76 open; one end of the synchronizing shaft 765 extends outwards and is fixedly connected with the rocking handle 75; the left boom 71 is coaxially fixed to the left turbine 72 on the right side of the left turbine 72, and the right boom 73 is coaxially fixed to the right turbine 74 on the left side of the right turbine 74.

The operation principle of the above arrangement is that the rocking handle 75 rotates the synchronizing shaft 765, the left synchronizing bevel gear 764 and the right synchronizing bevel gear 766 of the synchronizing shaft 765 are respectively meshed with the left worm bevel gear 763 and the right worm bevel gear 767, so that the left worm 762 and the right worm 768 rotate synchronously, the left worm screw 761 of the left worm 762 and the right worm screw 769 of the right worm 768 are respectively meshed with the left worm wheel 72 and the right worm wheel 74, so that the left worm wheel 72 and the right worm wheel 74 rotate synchronously, and further the left rotating arm 71 fixed with the left worm wheel 72 and the right rotating arm 73 fixed with the right worm wheel 74) rotate synchronously, so that the left and right sides of the back cushion plate 1 contacting with the left rotating arm 71 and the right rotating arm 73 can be lifted and lowered in balance by rotating the rocking handle 75 through the left rotating arm 71 and the right rotating arm 73.

In the above synchronous transmission, the rotation directions of the left worm 762 and the right worm 768 are opposite, and in order to make the rotation directions of the left worm wheel 72 and the right worm wheel 74 consistent, the screwing directions of the left worm screw 761 and the right worm screw 769 are opposite.

The arrangement of the nape lifter 7 on the substrate 10 does not occupy the height space between the back cushion plate 1 and the substrate 10, and the back cushion plate 1 can be completely attached and horizontally placed on the substrate 10.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the headrest plate 3 is provided with a headrest concave surface 11; the two sides of the concave surface 11 of the headrest are respectively provided with ear protection seats 9 for preventing the head from deviating laterally, and each ear protection seat 9 comprises an ear seat 91 fixed on the headrest plate 3 and an ear protection 92 capable of sliding left and right on the headrest plate 3. The ear protection seat 9 is a device for controlling the head and preventing the head from deviating laterally on the premise of protecting the ear. Since the sizes of the heads of the patients are not uniform, the ear protectors 9 are provided with ear rests 91 and ear protectors 92 that can slide right and left on the headrest plate 3. The space between the left and right ear protectors 92 is adjusted by the left and right slippage of the ear protectors 92.

A screwing-in bolt 93 with a screwing-in thread at one end is arranged on the back surface of the ear protection 92 of the ear protection seat 9, a left and right through screwing-in threaded hole 911 is arranged on the ear seat, and one end of the screwing-in bolt 93 with the screwing-in thread is positioned in the screwing-in threaded hole 911 on the ear seat; the end part of one end of the screw-in bolt 93 with screw-in threads is provided with a rotating handle 931 fixedly connected with the screw-in bolt 93, and the other end of the screw-in bolt 93 is provided with a smooth and expanded end head which is positioned in a hole with a corresponding aperture on the back of the lug 92; the back of the ear protector 92 is also provided with a guide pin 921, one end of the guide pin is fixed on the back of the ear protector 92, the ear seat is provided with a left and right through guide hole 912, and the other end of the guide pin 921 is positioned in the guide hole 912 on the ear seat. The arrangement ensures that the ear protector can slide conveniently and stably.

A chest strap 14 is also provided on the base plate 10 for securing the upper torso of the patient if necessary.

In order to better fix the head of the patient, a head strap 15 is also arranged on the headrest plate 3.

To facilitate patient transfer, a handle 16 is also provided on the base plate 10.

Example two

As shown in fig. 13, a preoperative airway opening device is different from the first embodiment in that: a layer of back pillow plate cushion 101 is additionally arranged on the back pillow plate 1, a layer of neck pillow plate cushion 201 is additionally arranged on the neck pillow plate 2, and a layer of head pillow plate cushion 301 is additionally arranged in the head pillow concave surface 11 of the head pillow plate 3. Obviously, such an arrangement can make the patient feel warmer and more comfortable.

The above embodiments are only used for more fully illustrating the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any improvements or modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preoperative airway opening device, comprising: comprises a base plate (10), a neck pillow plate (2), a head pillow plate (3) and a head and neck lifter (8); the neck pillow plate (2) and the headrest plate (3) are positioned on the base plate (10), and the neck pillow plate (2) and the headrest plate (3) are hinged through a pin shaft III (6); the head and neck lifter (8) is arranged on the base plate (10) and acts with the lower surface of the neck pillow plate (2) close to the pin shaft III (6); under the action of the head and neck lifter (8), an included angle can be formed between the neck pillow plate (2) and the head pillow plate (3), so that the airway of a patient is naturally opened.

2. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 1, wherein: also comprises a back pillow plate (1) and a back neck lifter (7); one end of the back pillow plate (1) is hinged with the base plate (10) through a first pin shaft (4), the back pillow plate (1) can form an included angle with the base plate (10) through rotating around the first pin shaft (4), and the other end of the back pillow plate (1) is hinged with the neck pillow plate (2) through a second pin shaft (5); the back neck lifter (7) is arranged on the base plate (10), and under the action of the back neck lifter (7), one end of the back pillow plate (1) close to the second pin shaft (5) can be lifted.

3. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 1, wherein: the head and neck lifter (8) comprises a push type handle (81), a rotating shaft (80), a primary rotating arm (82), a primary shaft sleeve (821), a first shaft seat (84) and a second shaft seat (85); the first shaft seat (84) and the second shaft seat are arranged on the substrate (10) and respectively control two ends of the rotating shaft (80), the push type handle (81) is fixed with the rotating shaft (80) at one end of the rotating shaft (80), one end of the first-stage spiral arm (82) is fixed on the first-stage shaft sleeve (821), and the first-stage shaft sleeve (821) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (80) between the first shaft seat (84) and the second shaft seat (85) and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (80).

4. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 3, wherein: the head and neck lifter (8) also comprises a secondary rotating arm (83), a left thrust gear (86), a right thrust gear (87), a left driven gear (88) and a right driven gear (89); one end of the secondary rotating arm (83) is provided with a secondary left shaft sleeve (831) and a secondary right shaft sleeve (832) which are coaxial, and a rectangular hollow part is arranged between the secondary left shaft sleeve (831) and the secondary right shaft sleeve (832) of the secondary rotating arm (83); a secondary left shaft sleeve (831) and a secondary right shaft sleeve (832) of the secondary rotating arm (83) are sleeved on the rotating shaft (80) and can rotate around the rotating shaft (80); the primary radial arm (82) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (80) in a rectangular hollow space between the secondary left shaft sleeve (831) and the secondary right shaft sleeve (832) of the secondary radial arm (83); the left thrust stop (86) is fixedly connected to the left end of the primary shaft sleeve (821), and the right thrust stop (87) is fixedly connected to the right end of the primary shaft sleeve (821); the left driven gear (88) is fixedly connected to the right end of the second-stage left shaft sleeve (831) and extends in an intercepting mode towards the adjacent left thrust gear (86), and the right driven gear (89) is fixedly connected to the left end of the second-stage right shaft sleeve (832) and extends in an intercepting mode towards the adjacent right thrust gear (87).

5. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 4, wherein: the left driven baffle (88) and the right driven baffle (89) of the head and neck lifter are respectively in a bush shape, and are respectively provided with a clockwise blocking section (803) and a counterclockwise blocking section (804), and the clockwise blocking section (803) and the counterclockwise blocking section (804) are spaced in the arc direction of the rotating shaft (80); the left thrust block (86) and the right thrust block (87) are in a bush shape and are provided with a clockwise thrust surface (801) and a counterclockwise thrust surface (802); the left thrust baffle (86) is positioned between the clockwise interception section (803) and the anticlockwise interception section (804) of the left driven baffle (88), and the width of the left thrust baffle is smaller than the distance between the clockwise interception section (803) and the anticlockwise interception section (804) of the left driven baffle (88); the right thrust baffle (87) is positioned between the clockwise blocking section (803) and the anticlockwise blocking section (804) of the right driven baffle (89), and the width of the right thrust baffle is smaller than the distance between the clockwise blocking section (803) and the anticlockwise blocking section (804) of the right driven baffle (89).

6. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 2, wherein: the back neck riser (7)

Comprises a left rotating arm (71), a right rotating arm (73), a rocking handle (75) and a synchronous power transmission system (76); the rocking handle (75) controls the left rotating arm (71) and the right rotating arm (73) to synchronously lift through a force transmission system.

7. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 6, wherein: the synchronous power transmission system (76) of the back neck lifter (7) comprises a left worm wheel (72), a left worm (762), a left worm bevel gear (763), a left synchronous bevel gear (764), a synchronous shaft (765), a right synchronous bevel gear (766), a right worm bevel gear (767), a right worm (768) and a right worm wheel (74); the gear teeth on the upper part of the left worm wheel (72) are meshed with a pushing thread on one end of a left worm (762), the other end of the left worm (762) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a left worm bevel gear (763), the gear teeth on the upper part of the right worm wheel (74) are meshed with a pushing thread on one end of a right worm (768), the other end of the right worm (768) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a right worm bevel gear (767), a left synchronizing bevel gear (764) and a right synchronizing bevel gear are coaxially and fixedly connected with a synchronizing shaft (765) at the left end and the right end of the synchronizing shaft (765), the bevel gear of the left worm bevel gear (763) is meshed with the bevel gear of the left synchronizing bevel gear (764), and the bevel gear of the right worm bevel gear (767) is meshed with; the left worm (762) is parallel to the right worm (768), the synchronizing shaft (765) is perpendicular to the left worm (762) and the right worm (768) respectively, and a synchronous transmission system comprising the left worm (762), the right worm (768) and the synchronizing shaft (765) forms a rectangular frame with an open bottom edge.

8. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 7, wherein: the synchronous power transmission system of the nape lifter (7) is arranged on the base plate (10) where the headrest plate (3) and the neck headrest plate (2) are arranged, and the headrest plate (3) and the neck headrest plate (2) are both positioned in the rectangular frame with the open bottom edge of the synchronous power transmission system (76); one end of the synchronizing shaft (765) extends outwards and is fixedly connected with the rocking handle (75); the left rotating arm (71) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the left turbine (72) on the right side of the left turbine (72), and the right rotating arm (73) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the right turbine (74) on the left side of the right turbine (74).

9. The preoperative airway opening device according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the headrest plate (3) is provided with a headrest concave surface (11); the headrest is characterized in that ear protection seats (9) for preventing the head from deviating laterally are arranged on two sides of the headrest concave surface (11), and each ear protection seat (9) comprises an ear seat (91) fixed on the headrest plate (3) and an ear protection (92) capable of sliding left and right on the headrest plate (3).

10. The preoperative airway opening device of claim 9, wherein: a screwing-in bolt (93) with a screwing-in thread at one end is arranged on the back surface of the ear protection (92) of the ear protection seat (9), a screwing-in threaded hole (911) which is through from left to right is arranged on the ear seat, and one end of the screwing-in bolt (93) with the screwing-in thread is positioned in the screwing-in threaded hole (911) of the ear seat; the back of the ear protection (92) is also provided with a guide pin (921) of which one end is fixed on the back of the ear protection (92), the ear seat is provided with a left guide hole (912) and a right guide hole, and the other end of the guide pin (921) is positioned in the guide hole (912) on the ear seat.

Images