CN218931547U - Counterweight adjusting device and hoisting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of counterweight adjustment, and provides a counterweight adjusting device and hoisting equipment. The counterweight adjustment device comprises a counterweight assembly; the first telescopic supporting component is suitable for being connected with the counterweight component and hinged with the vehicle body so as to adjust the relative distance between the counterweight component and the vehicle body; the first end of the main amplitude changing mast is connected with the vehicle body, and the second end of the main amplitude changing mast inclines towards the tail of the vehicle body and is connected with the main arm; the second telescopic support assembly is suitable for being connected between the first telescopic support assembly and the main amplitude mast and is connected with the counterweight assembly so as to adjust the relative position between the counterweight assembly and the ground. The counterweight adjusting device can adjust the reverse moment applied to the main amplitude mast, is suitable for the demands of different working states on counterweight moment, and provides larger moment for engineering machinery such as a crane and the like under the same counterweight weight. The dependency on the super-lifting mast and the super-lifting stay bar during the arm lifting under the long arm working condition is eliminated, and the operation cost is reduced.

Description

Counterweight adjusting device and hoisting equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of counterweight adjustment, and provides a counterweight adjusting device and hoisting equipment.

Background

When the hoisting equipment works, particularly when the hoisting equipment faces an over-lifting working condition, an over-long main arm is often used for hoisting. When the main arm is lifted, a large moment can be generated on the main arm due to the fact that the arm support is long, the weight is large and the gravity center is far. Therefore, for the super-lift working condition, a complete super-lift system such as a super-lift mast, a super-lift stay bar, a super-lift counterweight and the like is required to provide a larger reverse moment for the main arm so as to realize the long-arm lifting. Part of the design also adopts a folding and sectional arm lifting mode of the arm support.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model is directed to solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the utility model proposes a counterweight adjustment device capable of varying the torque exerted on the main luffing mast, simplifying the complexity of the counterweight adjustment device of the lifting device.

The utility model also provides hoisting equipment.

An embodiment of a first aspect of the present utility model provides a weight adjusting apparatus, including:

a counterweight assembly;

the first telescopic supporting component is suitable for being connected with the counterweight component and hinged with the vehicle body so as to adjust the relative distance between the counterweight component and the vehicle body;

the first end of the main amplitude changing mast is connected with the vehicle body, and the second end of the main amplitude changing mast inclines towards the tail of the vehicle body and is connected with the main arm;

the second telescopic support assembly is suitable for being connected between the first telescopic support assembly and the main luffing mast and is connected with the counterweight assembly so as to adjust the relative position between the counterweight assembly and the ground.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the first telescopic support assembly comprises:

the first end of the first telescopic piece is connected to the vehicle body;

and the movable stay bar is connected to the second end of the first telescopic piece, and the counterweight component is hoisted to the movable stay bar.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the second telescoping support assembly comprises a second telescoping member, a first end of the second telescoping member being connected to the main luffing mast, and a second end of the second telescoping member being connected to the mobile spreader bar.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the second telescopic member is arranged between the second telescopic member and the movable stay, and/or,

and a connecting pull rod is connected between the movable stay bar and the counterweight component.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the counterweight assembly includes:

the first tray is provided with a main balancing weight and is provided with an installation space;

the second tray is arranged in the installation space and is provided with an auxiliary balancing weight.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a connecting pin is arranged between the second tray and the first tray.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the second tray is provided with hooks, and the hooks are suitable for hooking the connecting pull rods.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a strut is detachably connected between the main luffing mast and the vehicle body.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a third telescopic member is arranged between the movable stay and the counterweight assembly.

An embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model provides a lifting apparatus comprising a vehicle body on which the above-described weight adjusting device is provided.

The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model have at least one of the following technical effects:

according to the counterweight adjusting device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, the first telescopic supporting component and the second telescopic supporting component are respectively arranged between the vehicle body and the counterweight component, the relative distance between the counterweight component and the vehicle body can be adjusted through the first telescopic supporting component, the main amplitude mast is arranged to incline towards the tail of the vehicle body, the position of the counterweight component relative to the ground is adjusted through the second telescopic supporting component, the moment of the counterweight component is adaptively adjusted, and the boom lifting condition under standard working conditions is improved. By means of stepless change of the working radius of the counterweight assembly, variable reverse moment can be provided for engineering machinery such as a crane and the like needing to apply counterweight, the requirement of different working states on counterweight moment is met, and simultaneously, larger moment can be provided for the engineering machinery such as the crane and the like under the same counterweight weight. In addition, the dependence on the super-lifting mast and the super-lifting stay bar during the lifting of the long arm working condition is eliminated, the lifting of the long arm under the standard working condition can be realized, the dismounting efficiency of the main arm is greatly improved, and the operation cost is reduced.

Furthermore, according to the hoisting equipment provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model, the counterweight adjusting device is arranged on the car body, so that the use requirements of different working states on counterweight moment can be met, the dependence of the main arm on the super-lifting mast and the super-lifting stay bar is avoided, and the operation cost is reduced.

Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first telescoping member, a movable strut and a pulley provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a counterweight assembly provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a lifting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of another lifting device provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of yet another lifting apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting device in an operating state according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

100. a counterweight assembly; 102. a vehicle body; 104. a main luffing mast; 106. a first telescopic member; 108. moving the stay bar; 110. a second telescopic member; 112. connecting a pull rod; 114. a first tray; 116. a main balancing weight; 118. a second tray; 120. an auxiliary balancing weight; 122. a connecting pin; 124. a hook; 126. a support rod; 128. and a third telescoping member.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the utility model but are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In describing embodiments of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "coupled," "coupled," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in embodiments of the present utility model will be understood in detail by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In embodiments of the utility model, unless expressly specified and limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" on a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

As shown in fig. 1-6, a first aspect of the present utility model provides a counterweight adjustment device comprising a counterweight assembly 100, a first telescoping support assembly, a main luffing mast 104, and a second telescoping support assembly; wherein the first telescopic support assembly is adapted to be connected to the weight assembly 100 and hinged to the vehicle body 102 to adjust the relative distance between the weight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102; the first end of the main luffing mast 104 is connected to the vehicle body 102, and the second end of the main luffing mast 104 is inclined towards the tail of the vehicle body 102 and is connected with the main arm; the second telescoping support assembly is adapted to be coupled between the first telescoping support assembly and the main luffing mast 104 and to the counterweight assembly 100 to adjust the relative position between the counterweight assembly 100 and the ground.

According to the counterweight adjusting device provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model, the first telescopic supporting component and the second telescopic supporting component are respectively arranged between the vehicle body 102 and the counterweight component 100, the relative distance between the counterweight component 100 and the vehicle body 102 can be adjusted through the first telescopic supporting component, the main luffing mast 104 is arranged to incline towards the tail of the vehicle body, the position of the counterweight component 100 relative to the ground is adjusted through the second telescopic supporting component, the self-adaptive adjustment of the moment of the counterweight component 100 is realized, and the boom lifting condition under the standard working condition is improved. By stepless change of the working radius of the counterweight assembly 100, variable reverse moment can be provided for engineering machinery such as a crane and the like needing to apply counterweight, the requirement of different working states on counterweight moment is met, and simultaneously, larger moment can be provided for the engineering machinery such as the crane and the like under the same counterweight weight. In addition, the dependence on the super-lifting mast and the super-lifting stay bar during the lifting of the long arm working condition is eliminated, the lifting of the long arm under the standard working condition can be realized, the dismounting efficiency of the main arm is greatly improved, and the operation cost is reduced.

The weight adjusting device is provided on a crane as an example.

With continued reference to fig. 1-6, the counterweight assembly 100 is used to implement adjustment of the counterweight, and in an embodiment of the utility model, the counterweight assembly 100 includes a first tray 114 and a second tray 118, where the first tray 114 is provided with a main counterweight 116 and an installation space is formed on the first tray 114; the second tray 118 is disposed in the installation space, and the auxiliary balancing weight 120 is disposed on the second tray 118.

As shown in fig. 2, the first tray 114 is used to carry a primary weight 116, and the second tray 118 is used to carry a secondary weight 120, it being understood that the primary weight 116 has a greater weight than the secondary weight 120.

When the crane is lifted, the main balancing weight 116, the second tray 118 and the auxiliary balancing weight 120 can be lifted and suspended through the first tray 114 at the same time, so that the maximum torque can be exerted on the main arm to meet the lifting requirement of the main arm. When the crane is suspended, the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 can be separated, so that extra load when the main arm rotates and the crane walks can be reduced, and the crane can work in a narrow space.

In actually installing the weight assembly 100, the main weights 116 may be disposed at both left and right sides of the first tray 114, and thus, an installation space for installing the second tray 118 and the sub weights 120 may be formed between the main weights 116 at both left and right sides. The second tray 118 is disposed in the installation space, and the auxiliary balancing weight 120 is disposed on the second tray 118, so that the assembly of the balancing weight assembly 100 can be completed.

As described above, in order to achieve connection and disconnection of the first tray 114 and the second tray 118, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, the connection pin 122 is provided between the second tray 118 and the first tray 114.

With continued reference to fig. 2, a connecting pin 122 is disposed between the first tray 114 and the second tray 118, that is, it is understood that the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 may be connected by the connecting pin 122. When the second tray 118 is required to be separated from the first tray 114, the connection pins 122 are simply removed. Meanwhile, the connection of the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 is realized through the connecting pin 122, so that the connection structure between the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 is simplified, and the dismounting efficiency between the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 is improved.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, the second tray 118 is provided with hooks 124.

With continued reference to fig. 2, a hook 124 is further disposed on the second tray 118, and the hanging of the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 can be achieved by disposing the hook 124 on the second tray 118. It will be appreciated that when the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 are connected to each other, the hanging of the first tray 114, the main weight 116, the second tray 118, and the auxiliary weight 120 can be simultaneously achieved through the hanging of the hooks 124, and when the first tray 114 and the second tray 118 are separated from each other, the hanging of the second tray 118 and the auxiliary weight 120 can be achieved through the hanging of the hooks 124.

As shown in fig. 3-6, a first end of the main luffing mast 104 is connected to the vehicle body 102, a second end of the main luffing mast 104 is connected to the counterweight assembly 100 by a wire rope in a manner that the second end of the main luffing mast 104 is inclined toward the tail of the vehicle body 102, and simultaneously, the second end of the main luffing mast 104 is connected with a main boom connected to the vehicle body 102 by the wire rope, so that the moment applied to the main boom can be adjusted by adjusting the main luffing mast 104. It will be appreciated that the main luffing mast 104 and the second telescoping member 110 may generally form an a-like structure, thereby enabling a greater torque to be developed on the main arm.

With continued reference to fig. 3-5, in order to provide support to the main luffing mast 104, a strut 126 is further provided between the vehicle body 102 and the main luffing mast 104, and when the strut 126 is removed, the main luffing mast 104 may be retracted.

The first telescoping support assembly is coupled between the weight assembly 100 and the body 102, and is used to adjust the relative distance between the body 102 and the weight assembly 100. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the first telescopic support assembly is disposed in a substantially horizontal state, the left end of the first telescopic support assembly is connected to the counterweight assembly 100, and the right end of the first telescopic support assembly is hinged to the vehicle body 102. When the first telescopic support assembly is extended, the distance between the counterweight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102 can be increased, and when the first telescopic support assembly is shortened, the distance between the counterweight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102 can be decreased. By such arrangement, the working radius of the counterweight assembly 100 can be adjusted, that is, the working radius of the counterweight assembly 100 becomes larger synchronously when the distance between the counterweight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102 becomes larger, and the working radius of the counterweight assembly 100 becomes smaller synchronously when the distance between the counterweight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102 becomes smaller.

Referring to fig. 3-6, according to one embodiment of the present utility model, a first telescoping support assembly includes a first telescoping member 106 and a moving strut 108; wherein a first end of the first telescoping member 106 is hinged to the vehicle body 102; the movable brace 108 is connected to the second end of the first telescoping member 106, and the counterweight assembly 100 is suspended from the movable brace 108.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the first telescopic member 106 may be an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, etc., where the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is hinged to the vehicle body 102, the oil rod of the oil cylinder is connected to one end of the moving strut 108, and the moving strut 108 is used for hoisting the counterweight assembly 100. It will be appreciated that when the first telescoping member 106 is extended or contracted, the movement struts 108 act in unison, and by doing so, the opposing moment applied to the main luffing mast 104 can be adjusted, thereby improving boom conditions under standard operating conditions, while also adjusting the working radius of the counterweight assembly 100. The adjustable working radius of the counterweight assembly 100 also means that at equal counterweight weights, a greater torque can be generated to meet the stability requirements of the machine when the main arm is being lifted.

The first expansion and contraction members 106 may be provided in a pair, and the pair of first expansion and contraction members 106 may be provided at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body 102.

It should be noted that the hooks 124 provided on the second tray 118 are suitable for hooking the moving strut 108.

A second telescoping support assembly is connected between the first telescoping support assembly and the main luffing mast 104, the second telescoping support assembly being used to adjust the levitation or landing of the counterweight assembly 100. As shown in fig. 3 to 5, two ends of the second telescopic support assembly may be connected to the main luffing mast 104 and the first telescopic support assembly by a wire rope, respectively, and a left end of the second telescopic support assembly is connected to the counterweight assembly 100, for example, a left end of the second telescopic support assembly may be connected to a connection position of the hook 124 and the movable cross bar, and a right end of the second telescopic support assembly is connected to the vehicle body 102. The relative angle between the counterweight assembly 100 and the vehicle body 102 can be adjusted as the second telescoping support assembly is extended or contracted. Meanwhile, by such arrangement, the suspended state of the weight assembly 100 can also be adjusted, that is, when the second telescopic support assembly is extended, the weight assembly 100 can be suspended, and when the second telescopic support assembly is shortened, the weight assembly 100 can be dropped.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, the second telescopic support assembly includes a second telescopic member 110, a first end of the second telescopic member 110 is connected to the vehicle body 102, and a second end of the second telescopic member 110 is connected to the moving strut 108.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the second telescopic member 110 may be an oil cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, etc., where the cylinder body portion of the oil cylinder is connected to the main luffing mast 104, and the oil rod portion of the oil cylinder is connected to the movable stay 108. It will be appreciated that when the second telescopic member 110 is extended or shortened, the counterweight assembly 100 is synchronously operated, and by such arrangement, the suspended state of the counterweight assembly 100 can be effectively adjusted, when the counterweight assembly 100 is in the suspended state, the lifting and the hanging can be completed, and when the counterweight assembly 100 is in the landing state, the adjustment of the counterweight in the counterweight assembly 100 can be completed.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, a connecting rod 112 is connected between the second telescoping member 110 and the movable strut 108, and/or between the movable strut 108 and the counterweight assembly 100.

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, by providing the connection tie rod 112 between the second telescopic member 110 and the movable stay 108 or providing the connection tie rod 112 between the movable stay 108 and the counterweight assembly 100, the telescopic stroke of the second telescopic member 110 can be reduced, and thus the second telescopic member 110 having a relatively small size structure can be used to complete the adjustment of the state of the counterweight assembly 100.

In other embodiments, a connecting rod 112 may also be provided between the second telescoping member 110 and the movable strut 108 and between the movable strut 108 and the counterweight assembly 100 for this purpose.

It should be noted that, when the connecting rod 112 is disposed between the movable supporting rod 108 and the counterweight assembly 100, the hook 124 may be directly hung on the connecting rod 112.

In addition, when the weight assembly 100 is not required to be used, for example, during traveling of the crane, both ends of the connection link 112 between the movable stay 108 and the weight assembly 100 may be hinged to the rear platforms of the movable stay 108 and the vehicle body 102, respectively.

According to one embodiment of the utility model, a third telescoping member 128 is disposed between the mobile stay 108 and the counterweight assembly 100.

Referring to fig. 4, in other embodiments, to achieve adjustment of the state of the counterweight assembly 100, a third telescoping member 128 may be further disposed between the movable strut 108 and the counterweight assembly 100, and it is understood that by disposing the third telescoping member 128, suspension or landing control of the counterweight assembly 100 can be achieved by adjusting the third telescoping member 128. The third telescoping member 128 referred to herein may be a cylinder, an air cylinder, an electric cylinder, or the like.

The third telescopic members 128 may be provided in a pair, and the pair of third telescopic members 128 may be provided at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body 102, so that stable adjustment of the counterweight assembly 100 can be achieved by this arrangement.

In connection with the above, when the connection link 112 is provided between the movable stay 108 and the weight assembly 100, the third expansion element 128 may be provided between the connection link 112 and the weight assembly 100.

When the third telescopic member 128 is provided, the ground clearance adjustment of the counterweight assembly 100 may be achieved only by the action of the third telescopic member 128.

According to one embodiment of the present utility model, at least one of the first telescoping member 106, the movable strut 108, the second telescoping member 110, and the third telescoping member 128 is sleeved with a sleeve.

The bending resistance of the corresponding structure may be enhanced by sleeving a sleeve over at least one of the first telescoping member 106, the movable strut 108, the second telescoping member 110, and the third telescoping member 128.

Referring to fig. 3 to 6, a second aspect of the present utility model provides a lifting apparatus including a vehicle body 102, wherein the vehicle body 102 is provided with the above-mentioned weight adjusting device.

According to the hoisting equipment provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model, the counterweight adjusting device is arranged on the car body 102, so that the use requirements of different working states on counterweight moment can be met, the dependence of the main arm on the super-lifting mast and the super-lifting stay bar is avoided, and the operation cost is reduced.

The lifting device provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the utility model can be a crane, a tower crane and the like.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and are not limiting; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A weight adjustment device, comprising:

a counterweight assembly (100);

a first telescopic support assembly adapted to be connected to the counterweight assembly (100) and hinged to a vehicle body (102) to adjust the relative distance between the counterweight assembly (100) and the vehicle body (102);

a main luffing mast (104), a first end of the main luffing mast (104) is connected to the vehicle body (102), and a second end of the main luffing mast (104) is inclined towards the tail of the vehicle body (102) and is connected with a main arm;

and the second telescopic support assembly is suitable for being connected between the first telescopic support assembly and the main luffing mast (104) and being connected with the counterweight assembly (100) so as to adjust the relative position between the counterweight assembly (100) and the ground.

2. The weight adjustment device of claim 1, wherein the first telescoping support assembly comprises:

a first telescoping member (106), a first end of the first telescoping member (106) being connected to the vehicle body (102);

and the movable stay bar (108) is connected to the second end of the first telescopic piece (106), and the counterweight assembly (100) is hoisted on the movable stay bar (108).

3. The weight adjustment device of claim 2, wherein the second telescoping support assembly comprises a second telescoping member (110), a first end of the second telescoping member (110) being connected to the main luffing mast (104), a second end of the second telescoping member (110) being connected to the mobile stay (108).

4. A weight adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that between the second telescopic element (110) and the mobile stay (108), and/or,

a connecting pull rod (112) is connected between the movable support rod (108) and the counterweight assembly (100).

5. The weight adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that the weight assembly (100) comprises:

a first tray (114), wherein a main balancing weight (116) is arranged on the first tray (114), and an installation space is formed on the first tray (114);

the second tray (118) is arranged in the installation space, and an auxiliary balancing weight (120) is arranged on the second tray (118).

6. The weight adjustment device according to claim 5, characterized in that a connecting pin (122) is arranged between the second tray (118) and the first tray (114).

7. The weight adjustment device according to claim 5, characterized in that a hook (124) is provided on the second tray (118), the hook (124) being adapted to be hooked to the connecting rod (112).

8. The counterweight adjustment device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that a strut (126) is detachably connected between the main luffing mast (104) and the vehicle body (102).

9. The weight adjustment device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a third telescopic element (128) is provided between the movable stay (108) and the weight assembly (100).

10. Hoisting device comprising a car body (102), characterized in that the car body (102) is provided with a counterweight adjustment device according to any of claims 1-9.

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