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CN218039195U - Semiconductor packaging structure - Google Patents

Semiconductor packaging structure Download PDF

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CN218039195U
CN218039195U CN202221037874.0U CN202221037874U CN218039195U CN 218039195 U CN218039195 U CN 218039195U CN 202221037874 U CN202221037874 U CN 202221037874U CN 218039195 U CN218039195 U CN 218039195U
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electronic component
semiconductor package
upper electronic
package structure
layer
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林炜程
林弘毅
施旭强
孔政渊
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Advanced Semiconductor Engineering Inc
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Abstract

本申请提供的半导体封装结构,利用桥接元件作为第一上电子元件和第二上电子元件间的信号传输路径。选用桥接元件主要基于结构厚度和信号传输损耗两个方面的考虑。从结构厚度尺寸方面,桥接元件属于晶圆(wafer)级别产品,制作精度高、良率高,阻抗容易控制在一定范围内,由此可以减少信号传输损耗。从信号传输损耗方面,桥接元件尺寸较小,且可以通过薄化桥接元件以达到整体厚度减薄的效果。由此利用桥接元件作为第一上电子元件和第二上电子元件间的信号传输路径,可以同时达到减少信号传输损耗、整体厚度减薄的效果。

Figure 202221037874

In the semiconductor package structure provided by the present application, a bridging element is used as a signal transmission path between the first upper electronic element and the second upper electronic element. The selection of bridging components is mainly based on the considerations of structure thickness and signal transmission loss. In terms of structural thickness and size, the bridge element is a wafer-level product with high manufacturing precision, high yield, and easy control of impedance within a certain range, thereby reducing signal transmission loss. In terms of signal transmission loss, the size of the bridging element is small, and the effect of overall thickness reduction can be achieved by thinning the bridging element. Therefore, using the bridging element as the signal transmission path between the first upper electronic component and the second upper electronic component can simultaneously achieve the effects of reducing signal transmission loss and reducing the overall thickness.

Figure 202221037874

Description

半导体封装结构Semiconductor Package Structure

技术领域technical field

本申请涉及半导体技术领域,具体涉及半导体封装结构。The present application relates to the technical field of semiconductors, in particular to semiconductor packaging structures.

背景技术Background technique

随着电子产品系统微小型化、多功能化和高性能需求的日益增加,因此可以集成多个电子元件的高密度封装结构——双面封装模块(Double Side Module,DSM)越来越受到重视。With the increasing demand for miniaturization, multi-function and high performance of electronic product systems, the high-density packaging structure that can integrate multiple electronic components - double-sided packaging module (Double Side Module, DSM) is getting more and more attention .

在一个情形中,将专用集成电路(ASIC,Application Specific IntegratedCircuit)芯片拆分成的多个芯片粒(chip-let)与存储(memory)芯片分别设置于基板的两侧。然而由于记忆容量需求越来越大,使得相邻配置的存储芯片所对应相邻配置的芯片粒之间的传输距离变长,导致芯片粒之间的信号传输损耗严重。例如可以采用基板连接相邻的芯片粒,虽其线路截面积较大可减少信号传输损耗,但其厚度过大,且线路精度不足导致线路阻抗不稳影响效能。例如可以采用重布线层(Re-distribution Layer,RDL)连接相邻的芯片粒,虽其厚度较小,但其线路截面积较小、阻抗较大、良率低,在长距离传输下相邻配置的芯片粒之间的信号传输损耗严重。In one case, a plurality of chip-lets and memory chips that are divided into Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chips are disposed on two sides of the substrate respectively. However, due to the increasing demand for memory capacity, the transmission distance between adjacently configured chip dies corresponding to adjacently configured memory chips becomes longer, resulting in serious signal transmission loss between chip dies. For example, a substrate can be used to connect adjacent chip dies. Although its large cross-sectional area can reduce signal transmission loss, its thickness is too large, and the insufficient precision of the circuit leads to unstable circuit impedance and affects performance. For example, a redistribution layer (Re-distribution Layer, RDL) can be used to connect adjacent chips. Although its thickness is small, its line cross-sectional area is small, its impedance is large, and its yield is low. The signal transmission loss between the configured chip dies is serious.

实用新型内容Utility model content

本申请提供了一种半导体封装结构,包括:The application provides a semiconductor packaging structure, including:

第一上电子元件和第一下电子元件,重叠配置,所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠;The first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component are overlapped, and the projections of the first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component on the same horizontal plane at least partially overlap;

第二上电子元件和第二下电子元件,重叠配置,所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠,所述第一上电子元件与所述第二上电子元件之间的距离大于所述第一下电子元件和所述第二下电子元件之间的距离;The second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component are overlapped, and the projections of the second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component on the same horizontal plane at least partially overlap, and the first upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component overlap at least partially. The distance between the two upper electronic components is greater than the distance between the first lower electronic component and the second lower electronic component;

桥接元件,连接所述第一上电子元件和所述第二上电子元件。A bridging element, connecting the first upper electronic element and the second upper electronic element.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述半导体封装结构还包括:In some optional implementation manners, the semiconductor package structure also includes:

中间线路结构,区隔所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件,以及区隔所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件。The middle circuit structure separates the first upper electronic component from the first lower electronic component, and separates the second upper electronic component from the second lower electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述中间线路结构设于所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件之间,以及设于所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件之间。In some optional embodiments, the intermediate wiring structure is provided between the first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component, and between the second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component. between electronic components.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件对称设于所述中间线路结构的两侧,所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件对称设于所述中间线路结构的两侧。In some optional implementation manners, the first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the middle circuit structure, and the second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic The elements are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the middle circuit structure.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述中间线路结构连接所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件,所述中间线路结构连接所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件。In some optional embodiments, the intermediate circuit structure connects the first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component, and the intermediate circuit structure connects the second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component. Electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述中间线路结构包括:In some optional implementation manners, the intermediate circuit structure includes:

介电层,包覆所述桥接元件;a dielectric layer encapsulating the bridging element;

互连结构,贯穿于所述介电层;an interconnection structure penetrating through the dielectric layer;

下线路层,设于所述介电层的下方且连接所述互连结构。The lower circuit layer is disposed under the dielectric layer and connected to the interconnection structure.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述中间线路结构还包括:In some optional implementation manners, the intermediate circuit structure further includes:

上线路层,设于所述介电层的上方,所述互连结构连接所述上线路层和所述下线路层。The upper circuit layer is disposed above the dielectric layer, and the interconnection structure connects the upper circuit layer and the lower circuit layer.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述半导体封装结构还包括:In some optional implementation manners, the semiconductor package structure also includes:

连接件,设于所述下线路层,所述连接件用于提供对外连接路径。The connecting piece is arranged on the lower line layer, and the connecting piece is used to provide an external connection path.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述桥接元件的衬垫间距、所述第一上电子元件的衬垫间距以及所述第二上电子元件的衬垫间距相同。In some optional embodiments, the pad spacing of the bridging element, the pad spacing of the first upper electronic component, and the pad spacing of the second upper electronic component are the same.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述桥接芯片中的线路的密度大于所述上线路层的密度。In some optional implementation manners, the density of the circuits in the bridge chip is greater than the density of the upper circuit layer.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述第一下电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸大于所述第一上电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸,所述第二下电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸大于所述第二上电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸。In some optional embodiments, the size of the first lower electronic component in the X-axis direction is larger than the size of the first upper electronic component in the X-axis direction, and the size of the second lower electronic component in the X-axis direction is larger than the size of the second upper electronic component in the X-axis direction.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述第一下电子元件在Y轴方向的尺寸大于所述第一上电子元件在Y轴方向的尺寸,所述第二下电子元件在Y轴方向的尺寸大于所述第二上电子元件在Y轴方向的尺寸。In some optional embodiments, the size of the first lower electronic component in the Y-axis direction is larger than the size of the first upper electronic component in the Y-axis direction, and the size of the second lower electronic component in the Y-axis direction is larger than the size of the second upper electronic component in the Y-axis direction.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述第一上电子元件位于所述第一下电子元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。In some optional implementation manners, the first upper electronic component is located within a vertical projection range of the first lower electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述第二上电子元件位于所述第二下电子元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。In some optional implementation manners, the second upper electronic component is located within a vertical projection range of the second lower electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述半导体封装结构还包括:In some optional implementation manners, the semiconductor package structure also includes:

加强件,设于所述第一上电子元件和所述第二上电子元件之间。The reinforcing member is arranged between the first upper electronic component and the second upper electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述加强件位于所述桥接元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。In some optional implementation manners, the reinforcing member is located within a projection range of the bridging element along the vertical direction.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述加强件的部分位于所述第一下电子元件或所述第二下电子元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。In some optional implementation manners, a portion of the reinforcing member is located within a vertical projection range of the first lower electronic component or the second lower electronic component.

在一些可选的实施方式中,所述半导体封装结构还包括:In some optional implementation manners, the semiconductor package structure also includes:

包覆层,设于所述第一上电子元件、所述第二上电子元件以及所述加强件之间。The cladding layer is arranged between the first upper electronic component, the second upper electronic component and the reinforcing member.

本申请提供的半导体封装结构,利用桥接元件作为第一上电子元件和第二上电子元件间的信号传输路径。选用桥接元件主要基于结构厚度和信号传输损耗两个方面的考虑。从结构厚度尺寸方面,桥接元件属于晶圆(wafer)级别产品,制作精度高、良率高,阻抗容易控制在一定范围内,由此可以减少信号传输损耗。从信号传输损耗方面,桥接元件尺寸较小,且可以通过薄化桥接元件以达到整体厚度减薄的效果。由此利用桥接元件作为第一上电子元件和第二上电子元件间的信号传输路径,可以同时达到减少信号传输损耗、整体厚度减薄的效果。In the semiconductor package structure provided by the present application, the bridging element is used as a signal transmission path between the first upper electronic element and the second upper electronic element. The selection of bridging components is mainly based on the considerations of structure thickness and signal transmission loss. In terms of structural thickness and size, the bridge element is a wafer-level product with high manufacturing precision, high yield, and easy control of impedance within a certain range, thereby reducing signal transmission loss. In terms of signal transmission loss, the size of the bridging element is small, and the effect of overall thickness reduction can be achieved by thinning the bridging element. Therefore, using the bridging element as the signal transmission path between the first upper electronic component and the second upper electronic component can simultaneously achieve the effects of reducing signal transmission loss and reducing the overall thickness.

附图说明Description of drawings

通过阅读参照以下附图所作的对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

图1至图8是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第一结构示意图至第八结构示意图;1 to 8 are first to eighth structural schematic diagrams of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application;

图9至图14是根据本申请实施例的半导体封装结构的制造过程中的结构示意图。9 to 14 are structural schematic diagrams during the manufacturing process of the semiconductor package structure according to the embodiment of the present application.

符号说明:Symbol Description:

11-第一上电子元件,12-第一下电子元件,21-第二上电子元件,22-第二下电子元件,3-桥接元件,31-第一桥接芯片,32-第二桥接芯片,4-中间线路结构,41-上线路层,42-介电层,43-下线路层,44-互连结构,5-连接件,6-加强件,7-包覆层,8-信号传输组件,91-第三上电子元件,92-第三下电子元件,10-第四电子元件,13-第五电子元件,14-载体,15-保护层,L1-第一距离,L2-第二距离,S1-第一侧,S2-第二侧。11-first upper electronic component, 12-first lower electronic component, 21-second upper electronic component, 22-second lower electronic component, 3-bridge component, 31-first bridge chip, 32-second bridge chip , 4-intermediate circuit structure, 41-upper circuit layer, 42-dielectric layer, 43-lower circuit layer, 44-interconnection structure, 5-connector, 6-strengthener, 7-cladding layer, 8-signal Transmission assembly, 91-third upper electronic component, 92-third lower electronic component, 10-fourth electronic component, 13-fifth electronic component, 14-carrier, 15-protective layer, L1-first distance, L2- Second distance, S1-first side, S2-second side.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面结合附图和实施例对说明本申请的具体实施方式,通过本说明书记载的内容本领域技术人员可以轻易了解本申请所解决的技术问题以及所产生的技术效果。可以理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释相关实用新型,而非对该实用新型的限定。另外,为了便于描述,附图中仅示出了与有关实用新型相关的部分。The specific implementation of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the technical problems solved by the present application and the technical effects produced through the contents recorded in this specification. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the relevant utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. In addition, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the relevant utility model are shown in the drawings.

需要说明的是,说明书附图中所绘示的结构、比例、大小等,仅用于配合说明书所记载的内容,以供本领域技术人员的了解与阅读,并非用以限定本申请可实施的限定条件,故不具技术上的实质意义,任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整,在不影响本申请所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下,均应仍落在本申请所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时,本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“第一”、“第二”及“一”等用语,也仅为便于叙述的明了,而非用以限定本申请可实施的范围,其相对关系的改变或调整,在无实质变更技术内容下,当也视为本申请可实施的范畴。It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the specification are only used to match the content recorded in the specification for the understanding and reading of those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the implementation of this application. Limiting conditions, so it has no technical substantive meaning, any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effect and purpose of this application, should still fall within the scope of this application. The disclosed technical content must be within the scope covered. At the same time, terms such as "above", "first", "second" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of this application. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship shall also be regarded as the implementable scope of the present application without substantive change in the technical content.

还需要说明的是,本申请的实施例对应的纵向截面可以为对应前视图方向截面,横向截面可以为对应右视图方向截面,而水平截面可以为对应上视图方向截面。It should also be noted that the longitudinal section corresponding to the embodiment of the present application may be a section corresponding to the front view direction, the transverse section may be a section corresponding to the right view direction, and the horizontal section may be a section corresponding to the top view direction.

应容易理解,本申请中的“在...上”、“在...之上”和“在...上面”的含义应该以最广义的方式解释,使得“在...上”不仅意味着“直接在某物上”,而且还意味着包括存在两者之间的中间部件或层的“在某物上”。It should be readily understood that the meanings of "on", "over" and "on" in this application should be interpreted in the broadest possible manner such that "on" Not only does it mean "directly on something", but it also means "on something" including an intermediate component or layer that exists between the two.

此外,为了便于描述,本申请中可能使用诸如“在...下面”、“在...之下”、“下部”、“在...之上”、“上部”等空间相对术语来描述一个元件或部件与附图中所示的另一元件或部件的关系。除了在图中描述的方位之外,空间相对术语还意图涵盖装置在使用或操作中的不同方位。设备可以以其他方式定向(旋转90°或以其他定向),并且在本申请中使用的空间相对描述语可以被同样地相应地解释。In addition, for the convenience of description, spatially relative terms such as "below", "below", "lower", "above", "upper" may be used in this application to describe Describes the relationship of one element or component to another element or component shown in the drawings. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90° or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used in this application interpreted accordingly.

另外,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。In addition, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other under the condition of no conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

图1是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第一结构示意图。如图1所示,该半导体封装结构包括第一上电子元件11、第一下电子元件12、第二上电子元件21、第二下电子元件22及桥接元件3。其中,第一上电子元件11和第一下电子元件12重叠配置。第一上电子元件11和第一下电子元件12在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠。第二上电子元件21和第二下电子元件22重叠配置。第二上电子元件21和第二下电子元件22在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠。第一上电子元件11与第二上电子元件21之间的第一距离L1大于第一下电子元件12和第二下电子元件22之间的第二距离L2。桥接元件3连接第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the semiconductor package structure includes a first upper electronic component 11 , a first lower electronic component 12 , a second upper electronic component 21 , a second lower electronic component 22 and a bridging component 3 . Wherein, the first upper electronic component 11 and the first lower electronic component 12 are arranged overlappingly. Projections of the first upper electronic component 11 and the first lower electronic component 12 on the same horizontal plane are at least partially overlapped. The second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 are overlapped. The projections of the second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 on the same horizontal plane are at least partially overlapped. A first distance L1 between the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 is greater than a second distance L2 between the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 . The bridging element 3 connects the first upper electronic element 11 and the second upper electronic element 21 .

在本实施例中,第一上电子元件11、第一下电子元件12、第二上电子元件21及第二下电子元件22可以是有源元件和无源元件。有源元件例如可以是各种芯片(专用集成电路芯片、高带宽存储器芯片、电源管理芯片、逻辑功能芯片、存储芯片、通信芯片、微处理器芯片、图形芯片,光子芯片)。无源元件例如可以是电容器、电阻器、电感器等。在一个场景中,第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21可以是专用集成电路芯片,第一下电子元件12和第二下电子元件22可以是存储器芯片。在又一个场景中,第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21可以是专用集成电路芯片,第一下电子元件12和第二下电子元件22可以是电源管理芯片。In this embodiment, the first upper electronic component 11 , the first lower electronic component 12 , the second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 may be active components and passive components. Active components can be, for example, various chips (ASIC chips, high-bandwidth memory chips, power management chips, logic function chips, storage chips, communication chips, microprocessor chips, graphics chips, photonic chips). Passive components may be, for example, capacitors, resistors, inductors, and the like. In one scenario, the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 may be ASIC chips, and the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 may be memory chips. In yet another scenario, the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 may be ASIC chips, and the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 may be power management chips.

在本实施例中,桥接元件3可以是桥接芯片(Bridge die)。桥接元件3中的线路的L/S(线宽/线距)可以大于等于10μm/10μm。桥接元件3中的线路可以采用铜等金属材料,线路厚度可以大于等于10μm。In this embodiment, the bridge element 3 may be a bridge die. The L/S (line width/line space) of the lines in the bridge element 3 may be greater than or equal to 10 μm/10 μm. The wires in the bridging element 3 can be made of metal materials such as copper, and the thickness of the wires can be greater than or equal to 10 μm.

从信号传输损耗角度,桥接元件3属于晶圆(wafer)级别产品,制作精度高、良率高,阻抗容易控制在一定范围内,由此可以减少信号传输损耗。从结构厚度角度,桥接元件3的尺寸小,且可以通过薄化桥接元件3以实现整体厚度减薄。基于以上两个角度,利用桥接元件3作为第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21之间的信号传输路径,可以同时达到减少信号传输损耗、整体厚度减薄的效果。From the perspective of signal transmission loss, the bridge element 3 is a wafer-level product with high manufacturing precision, high yield, and easy control of impedance within a certain range, thereby reducing signal transmission loss. From the perspective of structural thickness, the size of the bridging element 3 is small, and the overall thickness can be reduced by thinning the bridging element 3 . Based on the above two perspectives, using the bridging element 3 as the signal transmission path between the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 can achieve the effects of reducing signal transmission loss and reducing the overall thickness at the same time.

在一个实施例中,第一下电子元件12在X轴方向的尺寸可以大于第一上电子元件11在X轴方向的尺寸。第二下电子元件22在X轴方向的尺寸可以大于第二上电子元件21在X轴方向的尺寸。第一下电子元件12在Y轴方向的尺寸可以大于第一上电子元件11在Y轴方向的尺寸。第二下电子元件22在Y轴方向的尺寸可以大于第二上电子元件21在Y轴方向的尺寸。第一上电子元件11可以位于第一下电子元件12沿竖直方向的投影范围内。第二上电子元件21可以位于第二下电子元件22沿竖直方向的投影范围内。In one embodiment, the size of the first lower electronic component 12 in the X-axis direction may be greater than the size of the first upper electronic component 11 in the X-axis direction. The size of the second lower electronic component 22 in the X-axis direction may be larger than the size of the second upper electronic component 21 in the X-axis direction. The size of the first lower electronic component 12 in the Y-axis direction may be greater than the size of the first upper electronic component 11 in the Y-axis direction. The size of the second lower electronic component 22 in the Y-axis direction may be greater than the size of the second upper electronic component 21 in the Y-axis direction. The first upper electronic component 11 may be located within the projection range of the first lower electronic component 12 along the vertical direction. The second upper electronic component 21 may be located within the projection range of the second lower electronic component 22 along the vertical direction.

在一个实施例中,该半导体封装结构还可以包括中间线路结构4。中间线路结构4可以区隔第一上电子元件11和第一下电子元件12。中间线路结构4可以区隔第二上电子元件21和第二下电子元件22。具体地,第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21可以设于中间线路结构4的第一侧S1,第一下电子元件12、第二下电子元件22可以设于中间线路结构4的第二侧S2。中间线路结构4可以连接第一上电子元件11和第一下电子元件12。中间线路结构4可以连接第二上电子元件21和第二下电子元件22。In an embodiment, the semiconductor package structure may further include an intermediate wiring structure 4 . The intermediate circuit structure 4 can separate the first upper electronic component 11 and the first lower electronic component 12 . The middle circuit structure 4 can separate the second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 . Specifically, the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 can be arranged on the first side S1 of the middle circuit structure 4, and the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 can be arranged on the side S1 of the middle circuit structure 4. Second side S2. The intermediate wiring structure 4 can connect the first upper electronic component 11 and the first lower electronic component 12 . The middle wiring structure 4 can connect the second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 .

在一个实施例中,中间线路结构4可以包括介电层42、互连结构44、下线路层43以及上线路层41。其中,介电层42可以包覆桥接元件3。下线路层43可以设于介电层42的下方。上线路层41可以设于介电层42的上方。互连结构44可以贯穿于介电层42。互连结构44可以连接上线路层41和下线路层43。互连结构44可以作为第一上电子元件11和第一下电子元件12之间的导电路径。互连结构44可以作为第二上电子元件21和第二下电子元件22之间的导电路径。互连结构44例如可以是导电柱。In one embodiment, the middle wiring structure 4 may include a dielectric layer 42 , an interconnection structure 44 , a lower wiring layer 43 and an upper wiring layer 41 . Wherein, the dielectric layer 42 may cover the bridging element 3 . The lower circuit layer 43 can be disposed under the dielectric layer 42 . The upper wiring layer 41 can be disposed on the dielectric layer 42 . The interconnect structure 44 may penetrate through the dielectric layer 42 . The interconnect structure 44 may connect the upper wiring layer 41 and the lower wiring layer 43 . The interconnection structure 44 may serve as a conductive path between the first upper electronic component 11 and the first lower electronic component 12 . The interconnection structure 44 may serve as a conductive path between the second upper electronic component 21 and the second lower electronic component 22 . The interconnect structure 44 may be, for example, a conductive pillar.

在一个实施例中,上线路层41或下线路层43的层数可以小于桥接元件3中的线路层数。举例而言,上线路层41和下线路层43可以包括1~2层的重布线层。桥接元件3中的线路可以包括至少6层的重布线层。利用桥接元件3可以减少重布线层的层数。In one embodiment, the number of layers of the upper wiring layer 41 or the lower wiring layer 43 may be less than the number of wiring layers in the bridging element 3 . For example, the upper wiring layer 41 and the lower wiring layer 43 may include 1-2 redistribution layers. The wiring in the bridging element 3 may include at least 6 redistribution layers. The number of redistribution layers can be reduced by using the bridging element 3 .

在一个实施例中,桥接元件3中的线路密度可以大于上线路层41的线路密度,以利于信号的高速传输。In one embodiment, the circuit density in the bridging element 3 may be greater than that of the upper circuit layer 41 to facilitate high-speed signal transmission.

在一个实施例中,该半导体封装结构还可以包括包覆层7。包覆层7可以包覆第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21。In an embodiment, the semiconductor package structure may further include a cladding layer 7 . The coating layer 7 can cover the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 .

在一个实施例中,该半导体封装结构还可以包括设于下线路层43的连接件5。连接件5可以用于对外连接。连接件5例如可以是高速信号连接器(high speed connector)、焊球、球栅阵列(ball grid array,BGA)球、受控塌陷芯片连接(controlled collapse chipconnection,C4)凸块或微凸块。In one embodiment, the semiconductor package structure may further include a connector 5 disposed on the lower circuit layer 43 . The connecting piece 5 can be used for external connection. The connector 5 may be, for example, a high speed signal connector (high speed connector), solder ball, ball grid array (BGA) ball, controlled collapse chip connection (C4) bump or micro bump.

在一个实施例中,该半导体封装结构还可以包括设于上线路层41的信号传输组件8。信号传输组件8可以是具有用于传输信号(例如数据信号(data signal)、功率信号(power signal)(或电信号)和接地信号(ground signal))的串行器/串并转换器(serializer/deserializer,SerDes)的物理层(physical layer,PHY)芯片。In one embodiment, the semiconductor package structure may further include a signal transmission component 8 disposed on the upper circuit layer 41 . The signal transmission component 8 may be a serializer/serializer (serializer) for transmitting signals (such as data signal (data signal), power signal (power signal) (or electrical signal) and ground signal (ground signal)). /deserializer, SerDes) physical layer (physical layer, PHY) chip.

在一个实施例中,上线路层41可以让信号传输组件8往外传的走线放大其衬垫尺寸/衬垫间距的作用。经上线路层41放大衬垫尺寸/衬垫间距后,再垂直往下经过互连结构44,连接至连接件5以对外连接。In one embodiment, the upper circuit layer 41 can make the routing of the signal transmission component 8 to expand its pad size/pad spacing. After enlarging the pad size/pad spacing through the upper circuit layer 41 , it passes through the interconnection structure 44 vertically downwards, and is connected to the connector 5 for external connection.

在一个实施例,中间线路结构4的第一侧S1还可以设有第三上电子元件91。第三上电子元件91与第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21间隔设置。第三上电子元件91与第二上电子元件21之间的距离可以与第二上电子元件21与第一上电子元件11之间的距离相同。中间线路结构4的第二侧S2还可以设有第三下电子元件92。第三上电子元件91与第一下电子元件12、第二下电子元件22间隔设置。第三下电子元件92与第二下电子元件22之间的距离可以与第二下电子元件22与第一下电子元件12之间的距离相同。In an embodiment, the first side S1 of the intermediate circuit structure 4 may also be provided with a third upper electronic component 91 . The third upper electronic component 91 is spaced apart from the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 . The distance between the third upper electronic component 91 and the second upper electronic component 21 may be the same as the distance between the second upper electronic component 21 and the first upper electronic component 11 . The second side S2 of the intermediate wiring structure 4 may also be provided with a third lower electronic component 92 . The third upper electronic component 91 is spaced apart from the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 . The distance between the third lower electronic component 92 and the second lower electronic component 22 may be the same as the distance between the second lower electronic component 22 and the first lower electronic component 12 .

图2是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第二结构示意图。相对于图1所示的半导体封装结构,图2所示的半导体装结构还可以包括加强件6。其中,加强件6可以设于第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21之间。包覆层7可以设于第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21以及加强件6之间。加强件6可以是虚设芯片(dummy die),其主要材料为硅。虚设芯片(dummy die)可以没有电气功能。加强件6也可以是其他功能的电子元件,例如高带宽存储(High Band Memory,HBM)芯片。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. Compared with the semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 1 , the semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 2 may further include a reinforcing member 6 . Wherein, the reinforcing member 6 may be disposed between the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 . The cladding layer 7 can be disposed between the first upper electronic component 11 , the second upper electronic component 21 and the stiffener 6 . The stiffener 6 can be a dummy die whose main material is silicon. A dummy die may have no electrical function. The stiffener 6 may also be an electronic component with other functions, such as a high bandwidth memory (High Band Memory, HBM) chip.

具体地,加强件6可以位于桥接元件3沿竖直方向的投影范围内。加强件6的部分可以位于第一下电子元件12或第二下电子元件22沿竖直方向的投影范围内。Specifically, the reinforcing member 6 may be located within the projection range of the bridging element 3 along the vertical direction. A portion of the reinforcement member 6 may be located within the projection range of the first lower electronic component 12 or the second lower electronic component 22 along the vertical direction.

由于包覆层7与第一上电子元件11及第二上电子元件21之间热膨胀系数(coefficient of thermal expansion,CTE)失配而易引发翘曲,所以利用与第一上电子元件11及第二上电子元件21材料更相近的加强件6来降低包覆层7的占比,进而可以降低半导体封装结构的翘曲程度。Due to the mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient (coefficient of thermal expansion, CTE) between the cladding layer 7 and the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21, it is easy to cause warping, so using the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component Second, the reinforcing member 6 with a material similar to that of the electronic component 21 is used to reduce the proportion of the cladding layer 7 , thereby reducing the degree of warping of the semiconductor packaging structure.

另外,由于第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21的尺寸与第一下电子元件12、第二下电子元件22的尺寸存在差异,所以可以在第一上电子元件11与第二上电子元件21之间设置加强件6,以使第一侧S1与第二侧S2的结构相对于中间线路结构4更接近对称结构,进而可以降低半导体封装结构的翘曲程度。In addition, since the size of the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 is different from the size of the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22, the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component The reinforcing member 6 is provided between the electronic components 21 to make the structure of the first side S1 and the second side S2 closer to a symmetrical structure with respect to the intermediate circuit structure 4 , thereby reducing the degree of warping of the semiconductor package structure.

图3是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第三结构示意图。相对于图2所示的半导体封装结构,图3所示的半导体装结构还可以包括第四电子元件10和第五电子元件13。第四电子元件10和第五电子元件13可以并排设于第三上电子元件91的上方。在一种情形中,第四电子元件10可以是系统级芯片(System on Chip,SoC),第五电子元件13可以是高带宽存储(High Band Memory,HBM)芯片,即图3所示的半导体封装结构可以适用于集成多种不同功能电子元件的情形。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. Compared with the semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 2 , the semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 3 may further include a fourth electronic component 10 and a fifth electronic component 13 . The fourth electronic component 10 and the fifth electronic component 13 may be arranged side by side above the third upper electronic component 91 . In one case, the fourth electronic component 10 can be a system-on-chip (System on Chip, SoC), and the fifth electronic component 13 can be a high-bandwidth storage (High Band Memory, HBM) chip, that is, the semiconductor shown in FIG. 3 The packaging structure can be applied to the situation of integrating a variety of electronic components with different functions.

图4是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第四结构示意图。在第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21的尺寸大于等于第一下电子元件12及第二下电子元件22的尺寸的情形下,可以省去用于降低包覆层7占比的加强件6,即如图4所示的第一上电子元件11和第二上电子元件21之间可以不包括加强件6。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. In the case where the size of the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 is greater than or equal to the size of the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22, the method for reducing the proportion of the cladding layer 7 can be omitted. The reinforcement 6 , that is, the reinforcement 6 may not be included between the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 as shown in FIG. 4 .

图5是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第五结构示意图。图5所示的半导体封装结构可以采用先芯片(Chip first)工艺制备,即第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21与中间线路结构4之间无需通过焊球电性连接,进而避免出现无接合(non-joint)现象。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. The semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 5 can be prepared by a chip first process, that is, the first upper electronic component 11, the second upper electronic component 21 and the intermediate circuit structure 4 do not need to be electrically connected through solder balls, thereby avoiding There is no joint (non-joint) phenomenon.

图6是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第六结构示意图。在桥接元件3的衬垫间距与中间线路结构4第一侧S1的各电子元件(例如第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21、信号传输组件8)衬垫间距相同的情形下,可以省去桥接元件3与第一上电子元件11及第二上电子元件21之间的上线路层41(见图5),即如图6所示的半导体封装结构中的中间线路结构4可以不包括上线路层41。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. In the case where the pad pitch of the bridging element 3 is the same as the pad pitch of each electronic component (such as the first upper electronic component 11, the second upper electronic component 21, and the signal transmission component 8) on the first side S1 of the intermediate circuit structure 4, The upper circuit layer 41 (see FIG. 5 ) between the bridging element 3 and the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 can be omitted, that is, the intermediate circuit structure 4 in the semiconductor package structure shown in FIG. 6 can be The upper line layer 41 is not included.

图7是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第七结构示意图。在中间线路结构4第二侧S2的电子元件尺寸可以微小化,以及桥接元件3的衬垫间距与中间线路结构4第一侧S1的各电子元件(例如第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21、信号传输组件8)、第二侧S2的各电子元件(例如第一下电子元件12、第二下电子元件22、连接件5)衬垫间距相同的情形下,可以省去桥接元件3与第一上电子元件11及第二上电子元件21之间的上线路层41(见图5)、桥接元件3与第一下电子元件12及第二下电子元件22之间的下线路层43(见图5)。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a seventh structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. The size of the electronic components on the second side S2 of the intermediate circuit structure 4 can be miniaturized, and the spacing between the pads of the bridging element 3 and the electronic components on the first side S1 of the intermediate circuit structure 4 (for example, the first upper electronic component 11, the second upper In the case where the electronic components 21, the signal transmission components 8), and the electronic components on the second side S2 (such as the first lower electronic component 12, the second lower electronic component 22, and the connector 5) have the same pad spacing, the bridging can be omitted. The upper circuit layer 41 between the component 3 and the first upper electronic component 11 and the second upper electronic component 21 (see FIG. 5 ), the lower circuit layer between the bridging component 3 and the first lower electronic component 12 and the second lower electronic component 22 The wiring layer 43 (see FIG. 5 ).

图8是根据本申请的半导体封装结构的第八结构示意图。当上线路层41无法让信号传输组件8往外传的走线放大其衬垫尺寸/衬垫间距时,可预先竖直往下接到埋入的第一桥接芯片31,再往上接到具有更宽的衬垫间距的第二桥接芯片32,使得衬垫尺寸/衬垫间距被放大后即可垂直往下经过互连结构44,连接至连接件5。FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an eighth structure of a semiconductor package structure according to the present application. When the upper line layer 41 cannot allow the wiring of the signal transmission component 8 to enlarge its pad size/pad spacing, it can be vertically connected downwards to the buried first bridge chip 31 in advance, and then connected upwards with The second bridge chip 32 with a wider pad pitch can pass through the interconnection structure 44 vertically and connect to the connecting element 5 after the pad size/pad pitch is enlarged.

图9至图14是根据本申请实施例的半导体封装结构的制造过程中的结构示意图。9 to 14 are structural schematic diagrams during the manufacturing process of the semiconductor package structure according to the embodiment of the present application.

如图9所示,提供载体14。然后在载体14上形成互连结构44。As shown in Figure 9, a carrier 14 is provided. Interconnect structure 44 is then formed on carrier 14 .

如图10所示,将桥接元件3放置于载体14上、互连结构44之间。由于桥接元件3是预先制备的,因此可以预先检测确定桥接元件3是否为已知合格芯片(Known Good Die)再使用,以提高整体结构的良率。As shown in FIG. 10 , the bridging elements 3 are placed on the carrier 14 between the interconnect structures 44 . Since the bridging element 3 is pre-fabricated, it can be pre-tested to determine whether the bridging element 3 is a known good chip (Known Good Die) and reused, so as to improve the yield of the overall structure.

如图11所示,在载体14上形成包覆桥接元件3和互连结构44的介电层42。然后利用研磨等薄化工艺薄化介电层42和互连结构44,以使桥接元件3和互连结构44从介电层42中露出。再于介电层42上形成上线路层41。通过降低互连结构44的高度,可以减少信号/传输距离,进而减少传输损失。As shown in FIG. 11 , a dielectric layer 42 covering the bridging elements 3 and the interconnection structure 44 is formed on the carrier 14 . Then, the dielectric layer 42 and the interconnection structure 44 are thinned by a thinning process such as grinding, so that the bridging element 3 and the interconnection structure 44 are exposed from the dielectric layer 42 . An upper circuit layer 41 is then formed on the dielectric layer 42 . By reducing the height of the interconnect structure 44, the signal/transmission distance can be reduced, thereby reducing transmission loss.

如图12所示,分别将第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21、第三上电子元件91、加强件6及信号传输组件8倒装键合至(Flip chip bonding,FCB)上线路层41。然后在上线路层41上形成包覆第一上电子元件11、第二上电子元件21第三上电子元件91、加强件6及信号传输组件8的包覆层7。再薄化包覆层7的一侧。As shown in FIG. 12, the first upper electronic component 11, the second upper electronic component 21, the third upper electronic component 91, the stiffener 6 and the signal transmission component 8 are flip-chip bonded to (Flip chip bonding, FCB) respectively. Line layer 41. Then, a cladding layer 7 covering the first upper electronic component 11 , the second upper electronic component 21 and the third upper electronic component 91 , the stiffener 6 and the signal transmission component 8 is formed on the upper circuit layer 41 . One side of the coating layer 7 is further thinned.

如图13所示,在包覆层7上形成保护层15。然后去除载体14(见图12)。再薄化介电层42相反于上线路层41的一侧。继续在介电层42上形成下线路层43。As shown in FIG. 13 , a protective layer 15 is formed on the clad layer 7 . The carrier 14 is then removed (see Figure 12). The side of the dielectric layer 42 opposite to the upper circuit layer 41 is further thinned. Continue to form the lower circuit layer 43 on the dielectric layer 42 .

上线路层41、介电层42、桥接元件3、互连结构44以及下线路层43共同形成中间线路结构4。The upper wiring layer 41 , the dielectric layer 42 , the bridging elements 3 , the interconnection structure 44 and the lower wiring layer 43 together form the middle wiring structure 4 .

如图14所示,将图13中的结构翻转,并在下线路层43分别贴装第一下电子元件12、第二下电子元件22、第三下电子元件92及连接件5。最后去除保护层15(见图13),得到半导体封装结构。As shown in FIG. 14 , the structure in FIG. 13 is turned over, and the first lower electronic component 12 , the second lower electronic component 22 , the third lower electronic component 92 and the connector 5 are respectively mounted on the lower circuit layer 43 . Finally, the protection layer 15 (see FIG. 13 ) is removed to obtain a semiconductor package structure.

本实施例中的方法的其他细节和技术效果可参见前述实施例对半导体封装结构的描述,这里不再赘述。For other details and technical effects of the method in this embodiment, reference may be made to the description of the semiconductor package structure in the foregoing embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

尽管已参考本申请的特定实施例描述并说明本申请,但这些描述和说明并不限制本申请。所属领域的技术人员可清楚地理解,可进行各种改变,且可在实施例内替代等效元件而不脱离如由所附权利要求书限定的本申请的真实精神和范围。图示可能未必按比例绘制。归因于制造过程中的变量等等,本申请中的技术再现与实际设备之间可能存在区别。可存在未特定说明的本申请的其它实施例。应将说明书和图式视为说明性的,而非限制性的。可作出修改,以使特定情况、材料、物质组成、方法或过程适应于本申请的目标、精神以及范围。所有此些修改都落入在此所附权利要求书的范围内。虽然已参考按特定次序执行的特定操作描述本申请中所公开的方法,但应理解,可在不脱离本申请的教示的情况下组合、细分或重新排序这些操作以形成等效方法。因此,除非本申请中特别指示,否则操作的次序和分组并不限制本申请。While the application has been described and illustrated with reference to particular embodiments of the application, these descriptions and illustrations do not limit the application. It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalent elements may be substituted within the embodiments without departing from the true spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims. Illustrations may not necessarily be drawn to scale. Due to variables in the manufacturing process, etc., there may be differences between the technical reproduction in this application and the actual device. There may be other embodiments of the application not specifically described. The specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter, method or process to the objective, spirit and scope of the application. All such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the claims appended hereto. Although methods disclosed herein have been described with reference to particular operations performed in a particular order, it should be understood that such operations may be combined, subdivided, or reordered to form equivalent methods without departing from the teachings of this application. Accordingly, the order and grouping of operations does not limit the application unless otherwise indicated herein.

Claims (10)

1.一种半导体封装结构,包括:1. A semiconductor packaging structure, comprising: 第一上电子元件和第一下电子元件,重叠配置,所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠;The first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component are overlapped, and the projections of the first upper electronic component and the first lower electronic component on the same horizontal plane at least partially overlap; 第二上电子元件和第二下电子元件,重叠配置,所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件在同一水平面的投影至少部分重叠,所述第一上电子元件与所述第二上电子元件之间的距离大于所述第一下电子元件和所述第二下电子元件之间的距离;The second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component are overlapped, and the projections of the second upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component on the same horizontal plane at least partially overlap, and the first upper electronic component and the second lower electronic component overlap at least partially. The distance between the two upper electronic components is greater than the distance between the first lower electronic component and the second lower electronic component; 桥接元件,连接所述第一上电子元件和所述第二上电子元件。A bridging element, connecting the first upper electronic element and the second upper electronic element. 2.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述半导体封装结构还包括:2. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor package structure further comprises: 中间线路结构,区隔所述第一上电子元件和所述第一下电子元件,以及区隔所述第二上电子元件和所述第二下电子元件。The middle circuit structure separates the first upper electronic component from the first lower electronic component, and separates the second upper electronic component from the second lower electronic component. 3.根据权利要求2所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述中间线路结构包括:3. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 2, wherein the intermediate circuit structure comprises: 介电层,包覆所述桥接元件;a dielectric layer encapsulating the bridging element; 互连结构,贯穿于所述介电层;an interconnection structure penetrating through the dielectric layer; 下线路层,设于所述介电层的下方且连接所述互连结构。The lower circuit layer is disposed under the dielectric layer and connected to the interconnection structure. 4.根据权利要求3所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述中间线路结构还包括:4. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 3, wherein the intermediate circuit structure further comprises: 上线路层,设于所述介电层的上方,所述互连结构连接所述上线路层和所述下线路层。The upper circuit layer is disposed above the dielectric layer, and the interconnection structure connects the upper circuit layer and the lower circuit layer. 5.根据权利要求3所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述半导体封装结构还包括:5. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 3, wherein the semiconductor package structure further comprises: 连接件,设于所述下线路层,所述连接件用于提供对外连接路径。The connecting piece is arranged on the lower line layer, and the connecting piece is used to provide an external connection path. 6.根据权利要求4所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述桥接元件中的线路的密度大于所述上线路层的密度。6 . The semiconductor package structure according to claim 4 , wherein the density of the wires in the bridging element is greater than the density of the upper wire layer. 6 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述第一下电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸大于所述第一上电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸,所述第二下电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸大于所述第二上电子元件在X轴方向的尺寸。7. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 1, wherein the size of the first lower electronic component in the X-axis direction is larger than the size of the first upper electronic component in the X-axis direction, and the second lower electronic component The size of the electronic component in the X-axis direction is larger than the size of the second upper electronic component in the X-axis direction. 8.根据权利要求7所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述第一上电子元件位于所述第一下电子元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。8 . The semiconductor package structure according to claim 7 , wherein the first upper electronic component is located within a projection range of the first lower electronic component along the vertical direction. 9.根据权利要求1所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述半导体封装结构还包括:9. The semiconductor package structure according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor package structure further comprises: 加强件,设于所述第一上电子元件和所述第二上电子元件之间。The reinforcing member is arranged between the first upper electronic component and the second upper electronic component. 10.根据权利要求9所述的半导体封装结构,其特征在于,所述加强件位于所述桥接元件沿竖直方向的投影范围内。10 . The semiconductor package structure according to claim 9 , wherein the reinforcing member is located within a projected range of the bridging element along the vertical direction. 11 .
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