CN216620318U - Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater - Google Patents
Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN216620318U CN216620318U CN202123022272.6U CN202123022272U CN216620318U CN 216620318 U CN216620318 U CN 216620318U CN 202123022272 U CN202123022272 U CN 202123022272U CN 216620318 U CN216620318 U CN 216620318U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- heating
- heat
- pipe
- controller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater, which comprises a controller, a heating system, a gas heating system and an electric heating system, wherein the controller is connected with the heating system; the utility model adds a heat source on the basis of the original heating water heater, the electric heater is arranged in the water storage tank and is electrically connected with the controller, so that the heat source is automatically switched when the water heater is used for heating and supplying hot water, the comfort level of room heating in winter is ensured, hot water can be enjoyed simultaneously during heating, the two are not interfered with each other, the problem that the traditional heating water heater cannot be used for heating and using hot water simultaneously is avoided, and the electric heating can be automatically switched when gas is cut off or a gas heating device is damaged, so that a user side can be ensured to use hot water.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of gas heating water heaters, in particular to an intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater.
Background
The gas heating water heater in the market can only use high-temperature flue gas generated by gas combustion to heat a heat exchanger and transfer heat energy to domestic water flowing in the heat exchanger; however, in the existing gas-fired heating water heater, on the working principle, the heating and heat exchange of the live hot water and the hot water of the heating system are changed to share one set of device, the domestic hot water mode and the heating mode work alternately, the heating work of the equipment can stop running when the domestic hot water is used in the heating mode, the domestic hot water and the heating mode can not work simultaneously, the comfort of people can be greatly reduced, and when the domestic hot water is continuously used in a small amount, the heating device in the wall-mounted boiler is heated in a small load, which affects the service life of the heat exchanger or can not reach the constancy of the set temperature of the used hot water; in addition, when the gas stops or the gas heating device is damaged, the device cannot use the domestic hot water. Therefore, a double-heat-source water heater capable of automatically switching heat sources to provide hot water for users during heating is the direction of research at present, can simultaneously ensure the comfort level of room heating and hot water use, and can automatically switch heat sources during air cut-off to ensure that the users can enjoy the hot water at any time during air cut-off.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intelligent control dual-heat source gas heating water heater, which automatically switches heat sources during heating and air supply interruption, so as to ensure comfort of room heating and water use of users.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:
an intelligent control double-heat source gas heating water heater comprises a controller, a heating system, a gas heating system and an electric heating system;
the heating system comprises a heating water return pipe and a heating water outlet pipe which are connected with the gas heating system; the heating water return pipe is sequentially provided with a heating water return ball valve, a pressure gauge and a circulating pump from a water inlet end; a first temperature controller is arranged on the heating water outlet pipe;
the gas heating system comprises a heating device, and the heating device comprises a burner and a heat exchanger; the heat exchanger is respectively connected with a cold water pipe, a hot water pipe, a heating water return pipe and a heating water outlet pipe; the cold water pipe is connected with a one-way safety valve, a flow sensor and a second temperature controller in sequence from the water inlet end; a third temperature controller is arranged at the water inlet end of the hot water pipe;
one end of the electric heating system is communicated with the water outlet end of the hot water pipe, and the other end of the electric heating system is communicated with the hot water outlet pipe; the electric heating system comprises a water storage tank and an electric heater; the electric heater heating part is positioned inside the water storage tank, and the joint part of the electric heater is positioned outside the water storage tank; the electric heater is connected with a power supply through an electric heating control switch;
and the valves, the circulating pump, the first temperature controller, the second temperature controller, the third temperature controller, the flow sensor and the electric heating control switch are respectively electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the heating system further comprises an expansion water tank, and the expansion water tank is connected with the heating water return pipe through a safety valve; the expansion water tank is arranged between the heating return water ball valve and the circulating pump.
Preferably, a fourth temperature controller is arranged on the hot water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the heating water outlet pipe is also provided with a first overheat protector; and a bypass device is also arranged between the heating water outlet pipe and the heating water return pipe.
Preferably, the gas heating system further comprises a fan, a smoke exhaust cavity and an air cavity; the air chamber is disposed outside the burner and heat exchanger; the fan penetrates through the air cavity and is communicated with the outside; the smoke exhaust cavity is arranged above the heat exchanger and communicated with the fan.
Preferably, be provided with the wind pressure sensor in the air chamber, fan and wind pressure sensor respectively with the controller electricity is connected.
Preferably, the electric heating system further comprises a second overheat protector and a heat insulating layer; the overheat protector is arranged on the water storage tank body; the heat insulation layer is arranged outside the water storage tank body.
Preferably, a water replenishing valve is arranged between the cold water pipe and the heating water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the water heater further comprises a surface controller; the surface controller is connected with the controller.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
the utility model adds a set of electric heating heat source on the basis of the original heating water heater, and the electric heating device and the gas heating device can respectively and independently work and also can simultaneously work; the electric heater is arranged in the water storage tank and is electrically connected with the controller, so that when the water heater is used for heating, a heat source is automatically switched, the comfort level of room heating in winter is ensured, the electric heating device can be automatically started to heat incoming cold water when domestic hot water is used for heating, and the heating and the hot water work at the same time without mutual interference; the heating of the traditional heating water heater and the use of hot water can not be carried out simultaneously, and when gas is cut off or a gas heating device breaks down, the water heater in the scheme can automatically switch heat sources, and the situation that a user can use hot water during gas cut off is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural view of an electric heating apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a controller; 2. a heating system; 20. a bypass device; 21. a heating water return pipe; 22. a heating water outlet pipe; 23. a heating water return ball valve; 24. a pressure gauge; 25. a circulation pump; 26. an expansion tank; 27. a safety valve; 28. a first temperature controller; 29. a first overheat protector; 3. an electrical heating system; 30. an electric heater; 31. a water storage tank; 32. a second overheat protector; 33. a thermal insulation layer; 34. a hot water outlet pipe; 35. a fourth temperature controller; 36. an electric heating control switch; 4. a gas heating system; 40. a heat exchanger; 41. a burner; 42. a cold water pipe; 43. a hot water pipe; 44. a one-way safety valve; 45. a flow sensor; 46. a second temperature controller; 47. a third temperature controller; 48. an air chamber; 49. a fan; 410. a smoke exhaust cavity; 411. a wind pressure sensor; 5. a water replenishing valve; 6. a surface controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides an intelligent control dual-heat source gas heating water heater, which includes a controller 1, a heating system 2, a gas heating system 4 and an electric heating system 3;
the heating system 2 comprises a heating water return pipe 21 and a heating water outlet pipe 22 which are connected with the gas heating system 4; the heating water return pipe 21 is used for inputting heating water, heating the water by a gas heating device, and conveying heated circulating water to a heating circulating pipeline through a heating water outlet pipe 22 to supply heat to a room; the heating water return pipe 21 is sequentially provided with a heating water return ball valve 23, a pressure gauge 24 and a circulating pump 25 from a water inlet end; the heating return water ball valve 23 is used for adjusting the flow of a return water pipeline, the pressure gauge 24 is used for detecting the pressure value on a heating circulating pipeline, the circulating pump 25 is used for providing power for a pipeline system and ensuring the circulation of water for heating, and the heating water outlet pipe 22 is provided with the first temperature controller 28 for detecting the temperature value of circulating water in the heating water outlet pipe 22.
The gas heating system 4 comprises a heating device, the heating device comprises a burner 41 and a heat exchanger 40, the burner 41 is communicated with a gas source through a gas proportional valve, the heat exchanger 40 enables heat to be transferred from hot fluid to cold fluid, and the burner 41 provides a heat source for the heat exchanger 40; the heat exchanger 40 is respectively connected with a cold water pipe 42, a hot water pipe 43, a heating water return pipe 21 and a heating water outlet pipe 22, and circulating water in the heating water return pipe 21 is heated by the heat exchanger 40 and then is conveyed to a heating circulating pipeline through the heating water outlet pipe 22; the cold water in the cold water pipe 42 is heated by the heat exchanger 40 and is conveyed to the water storage tank 31 through the hot water pipe 43, and is conveyed to a water using place through the hot water outlet pipe 34 of the water storage tank 31; the cold water pipe 42 is connected with a one-way safety valve 44, a flow sensor 45 and a second temperature controller 46 in sequence from the water inlet end; the one-way safety valve 44 can prevent the water in the water storage tank 31 from flowing back to the cold water inlet due to siphonage when the water is cut off, so that the electric heater 30 in the water storage tank 31 is dried to cause device damage and fire; the flow sensor 45 is used for detecting the flow value of the flowing water in the cold water pipe 42, and when the flow value reaches a certain value, the heating device is started to heat the water in the pipeline; the second temperature controller 46 is used for detecting the temperature of the inlet water of the cold water pipe 42; and a third temperature controller 47 is arranged at the water inlet end of the hot water pipe 43 and is used for detecting the temperature value of the water heated at the water inlet end of the hot water pipe 43. When the flow sensor 45 reaches a set value, the heating device is started to heat cold water, if the third temperature controller 47 detects that the water inlet temperature value of the hot water pipe 43 is smaller than the temperature value detected by the second temperature controller 46, the heating device of the gas is judged to be damaged or the gas is stopped, the detected signal is transmitted to the controller 1, the controller 1 automatically turns on the electric heater 30 to electrically heat water, and hot water is guaranteed to be used when the gas is stopped or equipment is in fault.
One end of the electric heating system 3 is communicated with the water outlet end of the hot water pipe 43, and the other end is communicated with the hot water outlet pipe 34; the electric heating system 3 comprises a water storage tank 31 and an electric heater 30; the heating part of the electric heater 30 is positioned inside the water storage tank 31, and the joint part of the electric heater 30 is positioned outside the water storage tank 31; the electric heater 30 is connected with a power supply through an electric heating control switch 36; in some preferred embodiments, the water storage tank 31 is made of stainless steel, one end of the tank body is closed, and the other end of the tank body is provided with a seat for installing and fixing a heater; two joints are welded on the tank body and are respectively connected with the hot water pipe 43 and the hot water outlet pipe 34, and the joints are connected with each pipeline in a threaded connection or a cylindrical radial buckling connection mode; the tank body is square or cylindrical, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the tank body are provided with overheat protector mounting seats; the electric heater 30 is a metal tubular heater, and the heating section is in a U shape or a cylindrical spiral shape. When the flow sensor 45 reaches a set value, the heating device is started to heat cold water, if the third temperature controller 47 detects that the water inlet temperature value of the hot water pipe 43 is smaller than the temperature value detected by the second temperature controller 46, the heating device is judged to be damaged or gas is stopped, a detected signal is transmitted to the controller 1, the controller 1 automatically turns on the electric heating control switch 36 to start the electric heater 30 to electrically heat water, and hot water is ensured to be used when the gas is stopped; further, when a fault code occurs in the equipment in the gas heating system 4 or a fault code occurs in the gas stopping equipment, the electric heating control switch 36 is automatically turned on, and the electric heating system 3 is used for heating.
The valves, the circulating pump 25, the first temperature controller 28, the second temperature controller 46, the third temperature controller 47, the flow sensor 45 and the electric heating control switch 36 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 1. The controller 1 detects the state values of all parts of the water heater through all sensors, automatically controls the opening and closing of all valves and related devices through analysis, realizes the automatic conversion of double heat sources, and ensures the heating comfort and good hot water experience of users.
Example 2
The present embodiment is developed on the basis of the above embodiments, and specifically, the present embodiment discloses an intelligent control dual-heat source gas heating water heater, the heating system 2 further includes an expansion water tank 26, and the expansion water tank 26 is connected to the heating water return pipe 21 through a safety valve 27; the expansion water tank 26 is arranged between the heating return water ball valve 23 and the circulating pump 25; the expansion tank 26 is used to supply water to the heating circulation pipe through the expansion tank 26 when the amount of water in the heating circulation pipe is insufficient.
In some preferred embodiments, the hot water outlet pipe 34 is provided with a fourth temperature controller 35 for detecting the temperature of the hot water outlet pipe 34 to ensure comfortable water use for the user.
In some preferred embodiments, the heating water outlet pipe 22 is further provided with a first overheat protector 29; a bypass device 20 is also arranged between the heating water outlet pipe 22 and the heating water return pipe 21; the first overheat protector 29 is used for overheat protection, and the bypass device 20 is used for balancing the water pressure between the heating water outlet pipe 22 and the heating water return pipe 21.
In some preferred embodiments, the gas heating system 4 further comprises a fan 49, a smoke exhaust chamber 410, and an air chamber 48; the air chamber 48 is disposed outside the burner 41 and heat exchanger 40; the fan 49 is communicated with the outside through the air cavity 48; the smoke exhaust chamber 410 is arranged above the heat exchanger 40 and is communicated with the fan 49; the fan 49 is used to draw air into the air chamber 48 so that the air chamber 48 provides sufficient oxygen to the burner 41 and also serves to expel the exhaust gases from the combustion.
In some preferred embodiments, a wind pressure sensor 411 is disposed in the air chamber 48 for detecting the wind pressure in the air chamber 48 to ensure that there is enough oxygen in the air chamber 48 for the heating device, the fan 49 and the wind pressure sensor 411 are respectively electrically connected to the controller 1, and when the wind pressure in the air chamber 48 is not at the set value, the controller 1 controls the fan 49 to continuously input air into the air chamber 48.
In some preferred embodiments, the electrical heating system 3 further comprises a second overheat protector 32 and an insulation layer 33; the second overheat protector 32 is arranged on the water storage tank 31 to provide overheat protection; the insulating layer 33 sets up the external portion of water storage tank 31 jar, insulating layer 33 can play certain thermal-insulated effect, avoids water storage tank 31 to cause the outside temperature too high because of internal heating.
In some preferred embodiments, a water supply valve 5 is disposed between the cold water pipe 42 and the warm air outlet pipe, and when the water amount in the warm air circulation pipe is insufficient, water can be supplied to the warm air circulation pipe through the water supply valve 5.
In some preferred embodiments, the water heater further comprises a facecontroller 6; the surface controller 6 is connected with the controller 1, the use mode can be selected according to the requirement through the surface controller 6, and the temperature and the like can be set.
Example 3
The present embodiment is developed on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, and specifically, the present embodiment provides a working principle of an intelligent control dual-heat source gas heating water heater, as follows:
(1) hot water is used when the heating system 2 is not in use: cold water enters from a water inlet of the cold water pipe 42 and passes through the one-way safety valve 44 and the flow sensor 45, when the flow sensor 45 detects that the water flow reaches a set value, a signal is transmitted to the controller 1, the controller 1 controls the gas valve to be opened, the heating device heats the cold water, the heated hot water flows to the hot water pipe 43 and reaches the water storage tank 31 through the third temperature controller 47, the electric heating control switch 36 is in a closed state at the moment, and the hot water flows to a user end through the hot water outlet pipe 34 through the water storage tank 31, so that the water consumption of the user is ensured.
(2) Using hot water when the gas is off: cold water enters from a water inlet of the cold water pipe 42 and passes through the one-way safety valve 44 and the flow sensor 45, when the flow sensor 45 detects that the water flow reaches a set value, a signal is transmitted to the controller 1, the controller 1 controls the gas valve to be opened, at the moment, no gas is input, the heating device cannot heat the cold water, then the cold water flows to the hot water pipe 43, the temperature value detected by the third temperature controller 47 is smaller than the temperature value detected by the second temperature sensor, the heating device is judged to be damaged or the gas is in a gas stop state, the signal is transmitted to the controller 1, the controller 1 controls the electric heating control switch 36 to be opened, the cold water flows into a water outlet pipe, the electric heater 30 heats the cold water, and the heated hot water flows out through the hot water outlet pipe 34 and reaches a user end.
(3) Hot water is used when the heating system 2 is used: a user starts a heating mode, at the moment, the circulating pump 25 is started, and circulating water in the circulating pipeline continuously circulates to the heating device for heating; when circulating pump 25 is opened, electric heat control switch 36 is opened automatically to controller 1, and when using hot water, heating system 2 can not the stop motion, and cold water flows to 31 departments of water storage tank and is heated cold water by electric heater 30, and then hot water flows out to the user side by hot water storage tank 31, guarantees user's normal water, and the heating function uses with the life heating function simultaneously, and mutual noninterference improves user experience.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the utility model as claimed. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a two heat source gas heating water heaters are controlled to intelligence which characterized in that: comprises a controller (1), a heating system (2), a gas heating system (4) and an electric heating system (3);
the heating system (2) comprises a heating water return pipe (21) and a heating water outlet pipe (22) which are connected with the gas heating system (4); the heating water return pipe (21) is sequentially provided with a heating water return ball valve (23), a pressure gauge (24) and a circulating pump (25) from a water inlet end; a first temperature controller (28) is arranged on the heating water outlet pipe (22);
the gas heating system (4) comprises a heating device comprising a burner (41) and a heat exchanger (40); the heat exchanger (40) is respectively connected with a cold water pipe (42), a hot water pipe (43), a heating water return pipe (21) and a heating water outlet pipe (22); the cold water pipe (42) is sequentially connected with a one-way safety valve (44), a flow sensor (45) and a second temperature controller (46) from the water inlet end; a third temperature controller (47) is arranged at the water inlet end of the hot water pipe (43);
one end of the electric heating system (3) is communicated with the water outlet end of the hot water pipe (43), and the other end of the electric heating system is communicated with the hot water outlet pipe (34); the electric heating system (3) comprises a water storage tank (31) and an electric heater (30); the heating part of the electric heater (30) is positioned inside the water storage tank (31), and the joint part of the electric heater (30) is positioned outside the water storage tank (31); the electric heater (30) is connected with a power supply through an electric heating control switch (36);
the valves, the circulating pump (25), the first temperature controller (28), the second temperature controller (46), the third temperature controller (47), the flow sensor (45) and the electric heating control switch (36) are respectively electrically connected with the controller (1).
2. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the heating system (2) further comprises an expansion water tank (26), and the expansion water tank (26) is connected with the heating water return pipe (21) through a safety valve (27); the expansion water tank (26) is arranged between the heating water return ball valve (23) and the circulating pump (25).
3. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first overheat protector (29) is also arranged on the heating water outlet pipe (22); and a bypass device (20) is also arranged between the heating water outlet pipe (22) and the heating water return pipe (21).
4. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a fourth temperature controller (35) is arranged on the hot water outlet pipe (34).
5. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gas heating system (4) further comprises a fan (49), a smoke exhaust cavity (410) and an air cavity (48); the air chamber (48) is arranged outside the burner (41) and the heat exchanger (40); the fan (49) is communicated with the outside through the air cavity (48); the smoke exhaust cavity (410) is arranged above the heat exchanger (40) and is communicated with the fan (49).
6. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 5, characterized in that: be provided with wind pressure sensor (411) in air chamber (48), fan (49) and wind pressure sensor (411) respectively with controller (1) electricity is connected.
7. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric heating system (3) further comprises a second overheat protector (32) and a heat insulating layer (33); the second overheat protector (32) is arranged on the water storage tank (31); the heat insulation layer (33) is arranged outside the water storage tank (31).
8. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: a water replenishing valve (5) is arranged between the cold water pipe (42) and the heating water outlet pipe (22).
9. The intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water heater also comprises a surface controller (6); the surface controller (6) is connected with the controller (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123022272.6U CN216620318U (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123022272.6U CN216620318U (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN216620318U true CN216620318U (en) | 2022-05-27 |
Family
ID=81701324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202123022272.6U Active CN216620318U (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2021-12-03 | Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN216620318U (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-12-03 CN CN202123022272.6U patent/CN216620318U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| ES2814450T3 (en) | Water circulation module and hot water system that uses it | |
| CN103322613A (en) | Multi-energy wall-mounted stove type hot water and heat supplying system | |
| CN104180425B (en) | A kind of high-power central hot radiator of family expenses Dual-energy source | |
| CN212006196U (en) | Wall-hanging stove hot water system | |
| CN212205039U (en) | Water heater | |
| CN216620318U (en) | Intelligent control double-heat-source gas heating water heater | |
| CN113339999A (en) | Double-circulation zero-cold-water multi-energy system | |
| CN203258724U (en) | Multi-energy heat supply system | |
| CN205505175U (en) | Hanging furnace | |
| CN113945008A (en) | Intelligent control double-heat source gas heating water heater | |
| CN215002250U (en) | Double-circulation zero-cold-water multi-energy system | |
| CN112283948B (en) | Gas heating water heater with zero cold water function | |
| CN211233353U (en) | Wall-mounted stove | |
| CN212362422U (en) | Water heater | |
| CN204006282U (en) | The hot radiator of a kind of high-power central authorities of family expenses Dual-energy source | |
| CN203258736U (en) | Multi-energy wall-hanging stove type heat supply heating system | |
| JP6234387B2 (en) | Heat source equipment | |
| CN210951908U (en) | Prevent hanging stove of dry combustion method | |
| CN216080137U (en) | Multi-mode central heating and hot water supply system | |
| CN111426055A (en) | Water heater and control method thereof | |
| CN107560147B (en) | Household air source heat pump hot water system assisted by gas wall-mounted boiler and control method thereof | |
| CN219199492U (en) | Dual-purpose positive displacement water heater | |
| CN106642294B (en) | Energy-saving waterway system for heat supply system | |
| CN221526872U (en) | Gas water heater | |
| CN111043751A (en) | Water heater and control method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |