CN216629729U - Nickel sulfate preparation system - Google Patents
Nickel sulfate preparation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216629729U CN216629729U CN202220023368.XU CN202220023368U CN216629729U CN 216629729 U CN216629729 U CN 216629729U CN 202220023368 U CN202220023368 U CN 202220023368U CN 216629729 U CN216629729 U CN 216629729U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a nickel sulfate preparation system, wherein an outlet of a raw liquid pump is connected with a cold side inlet of a preheater, a cold side outlet of the preheater is connected with the middle part of an evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe, the upper end of the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with a bottom outlet of a separator, the lower end of the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with a tube pass inlet of an evaporator through an evaporation forced circulation pump, a tube pass outlet of the evaporator is connected with a side wall inlet of the separator, a top exhaust port of the separator is connected with an inlet of a compressor through an evaporation secondary air pipe, an outlet of the compressor is connected with a shell pass inlet of the evaporator together with a raw steam pipe, a shell pass outlet of the evaporator is connected with an inlet of an evaporation bucket, a bottom outlet of the evaporation bucket is connected with an inlet of the preheater through an evaporation water pump, and an outlet of a hot side of the preheater is connected with an evaporation water discharge pipe; the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump is also connected with the freezing and crystallizing unit through an evaporation concentrated solution output pipe. The system has the advantages of low energy consumption and cost, high heat exchange efficiency and good finished product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an industrial continuous freezing and crystallizing device, in particular to a nickel sulfate preparation system, and belongs to the technical field of resource recycling.
Background
The nickel sulfate and the anhydrous salt are yellow powder or lemon yellow crystals, the hydrated nickel sulfate mainly comprises 7 hydrated nickel sulfate and 6 hydrated nickel sulfate, and the 6 hydrated nickel sulfate is mainly used in industrial production. The nickel sulfate is used as a chemical raw material, is mainly used in the industries of electroplating, nickel batteries and catalysts in industry, and has wide application in the fields of buildings, national defense industry, printing and dyeing industry and the like.
The main sources of the raw materials for the current domestic industrial production of nickel sulfate are as follows: leaching waste materials containing nickel, and removing impurities to produce a nickel sulfate solution; electrolyzing nickel, and leaching to produce a nickel sulfate solution; the nickel sulfide ore is subjected to pyrometallurgy and normal-pressure acid leaching to produce high nickel matte, so that nickel sulfate is prepared. Generally, the nickel sulfate solution is subjected to the procedures of acid adjustment, evaporation, crystallization, centrifugation and the like, and then a qualified nickel sulfate product is produced. In the whole production process, the crystallization process of the nickel sulfate is very critical, and the quality of the nickel sulfate product is directly influenced.
The traditional nickel sulfate preparation adopts a direct fire concentration method at first and then develops into a mode of electric heating single-effect evaporation or steam heating multiple-effect concentration, and the concentrated nickel sulfate is subjected to an intermittent crystallization process to further prepare a nickel sulfate product. The electric heating single-effect evaporation or the steam heating multiple-effect concentration has large investment cost and high production cost. Most of the concentrated nickel sulfate crystallization processes adopt an intermittent crystallization process, equipment generally adopts a cooling tank or a crystallization kettle with a jacket, the stirring speed, the crystallization time and other process parameters need to be adjusted, the cooling tank or the crystallization kettle generally exchanges heat with a cold medium through the tank wall of the equipment to cool, the phenomenon that feed liquid close to the tank wall is quenched and instantly crystallizes to dry the wall is easy to occur, the operation can only be performed by a single kettle, the product batch is low, the production efficiency is low, and the continuous operation cannot be performed. And the nickel sulfate product prepared by the cooling tank or the crystallization kettle has small particle size, thereby greatly influencing the quality of the product.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a nickel sulfate preparation system, which is used for reducing the energy consumption of nickel sulfate preparation, reducing the cost, improving the heat exchange efficiency of equipment, avoiding feed liquid from caking and drying walls, realizing continuous production and ensuring that a nickel sulfate finished product has large particle size and good quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the nickel sulfate preparation system comprises a stock solution pump connected with a nickel sulfate stock solution pipe, wherein the outlet of the stock solution pump is connected with the cold side inlet of a preheater, the cold side outlet of the preheater is connected with the middle part of an evaporation stock solution circulating pipe, the upper end of the evaporation stock solution circulating pipe is connected with the bottom outlet of a separator, the lower end of the evaporation stock solution circulating pipe is connected with the inlet of an evaporation forced circulation pump, the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump is connected with the tube side inlet of an evaporator, the tube side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the side wall inlet of the separator, an exhaust port at the top of the separator is connected with the inlet of a compressor through an evaporation secondary air pipe, the outlet of the compressor and a raw steam pipe are connected with the shell side inlet of the evaporator together, and the shell side outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of an evaporation water bucket, the bottom outlet of the steaming bucket is connected with the hot side inlet of the preheater through a steaming water pump, and the hot side outlet of the preheater is connected with a steaming water discharge pipe; and the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump is also connected with the freezing and crystallizing unit through an evaporation concentrated solution output pipe.
As an improvement of the utility model, the freezing crystallization unit comprises a freezing unit feeding pump connected with the evaporation concentrated solution output pipe, the outlet of the freezing unit feeding pump is connected with the hot side inlet of a precooler, the hot side outlet of the precooler is connected with a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe, the outlet of the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with the inlet of a freezing forced circulation pump, the outlet of the freezing forced circulation pump is connected with the bottom tube pass inlet of a freezer, the top tube pass outlet of the freezer is connected with the feed inlet of a freezing crystallizer through a freezer outlet pipe, and the freezing circulation liquid outlet of the upper side wall of the freezing crystallizer is connected with the inlet of the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe; the bottom and the lower side wall of the freezing crystallizer are provided with freezing crystallizer discharge ports, the freezing crystallizer discharge ports are connected with an inlet of a discharge pump, an outlet of the discharge pump is connected with a feed inlet of a cyclone through a freezing discharge pipe, an underflow outlet of the cyclone is connected with an inlet of a centrifugal machine, and a solid phase of the centrifugal machine outputs a nickel sulfate product.
As a further improvement of the utility model, a separation mother liquor outlet of the centrifuge and an overhead flow outlet of the cyclone are both connected with an inlet of a centrifugal mother liquor tank, an outlet of the centrifugal mother liquor tank is connected with an inlet of a centrifugal mother liquor pump, an outlet of the centrifugal mother liquor pump is connected with the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe and a cold side inlet of the precooler, and a cold side outlet of the precooler is connected with the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe through a centrifugal mother liquor return pipe.
As a further improvement of the utility model, a feed inlet of the freezing crystallizer is connected with a guide pipe, and the guide pipe extends to the lower part of the freezing crystallizer along the axis; the freezing crystallizer is provided with a conical lower part and a circular arc-shaped bottom part with a convex middle part, the lowest point of the circular arc-shaped bottom part is provided with the discharging hole of the freezing crystallizer, and the side wall of the conical lower part is provided with a plurality of discharging holes of the freezing crystallizer along the height direction.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. the nickel sulfate feed liquid is preheated by utilizing the waste heat of the distilled water before evaporation concentration, and secondary steam generated in the evaporation concentration process is compressed by a compressor and then is recycled as a heat source of an evaporation unit, so that the consumption of the raw steam is greatly reduced;
2. the concentrated nickel sulfate solution is first heat exchanged with the centrifugal mother liquid in the pre-cooler before entering the refrigerator for pre-cooling, and this can reduce the power consumption of refrigerant medium and recover the cold of centrifugal mother liquid. The external freezer reduces short-circuit temperature difference loss, and the temperature is more uniform and energy-saving;
3. the retention time of the feed liquid is long, the grain size of the discharged nickel sulfate is large, and the product quality is high;
4. can prevent the discharge blockage and avoid influencing the continuity of production.
Drawings
The utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the utility model.
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a nickel sulfate production system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a preheater; 2. evaporating a water bucket; 3. an evaporator; 4. a separator; 5. a compressor; 6. a pre-cooler; 7. a freezer; 7a. fused salt nozzle; 8. a freezing crystallizer; 9. a swirler; 10. a centrifuge; 11. centrifuging the mother liquor tank; G1. a nickel sulfate stock solution pipe; G2. an evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe; G3. an evaporator outlet pipe; G4. evaporating the secondary air pipe; G5. a raw steam pipe; G6. a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe; G7. a freezer outlet pipe; G8. a cold medium circulation pipe; G9. a cold medium fluid supplementing pipe; G10. a refrigerant medium discharge pipe; G11. freezing a discharge pipe; G12. a centrifugal mother liquor return pipe; G13. a water discharge pipe is evaporated; B1. a stock solution pump; B2. evaporating a water pump; B3. an evaporation forced circulation pump; B4. a refrigeration unit feed pump; B5. a cold medium circulating pump; B6. a refrigeration forced circulation pump; B7. a discharge pump; B8. and (4) centrifuging the mother liquor pump.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the nickel sulfate preparation system of the present invention comprises a raw liquid pump B1 connected to a nickel sulfate raw liquid pipe G1, the outlet of the raw liquid pump B1 is connected to the cold side inlet of a preheater 1, the cold side outlet of the preheater 1 is connected to the middle of an evaporation liquid circulating pipe G2, the upper end of the evaporation liquid circulating pipe G2 is connected to the bottom outlet of a separator 4, the lower end of the evaporation liquid circulating pipe G2 is connected to the inlet of an evaporation forced circulating pump B3, the outlet of the evaporation forced circulating pump B3 is connected to the tube side inlet of an evaporator 3, the tube side outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the sidewall inlet of the separator 4, the top exhaust port of the separator 4 is connected to the inlet of a compressor 5 through an evaporation secondary gas pipe G4, the outlet of the compressor 5 is connected to the shell side inlet of the evaporator 3 together with a steam generation pipe G5, the shell side outlet of the evaporator 3 is connected to the inlet of a steam generation water tank 2, the bottom outlet of the steam generation water tank 2 is connected to the inlet of the water pump 1 through a steam generation side B2, the hot side outlet of the preheater 1 is connected with a distilled water discharge pipe G13; the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump B3 is also connected with the freezing and crystallizing unit through an evaporation concentrated solution output pipe.
The freezing crystallization unit comprises a freezing unit feed pump B4 connected with an evaporation concentrated solution output pipe, the outlet of the freezing unit feed pump B4 is connected with the hot side inlet of the precooler 6, the hot side outlet of the precooler 6 is connected with a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6, the outlet of the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6 is connected with the inlet of a freezing forced circulation pump B6, the outlet of the freezing forced circulation pump B6 is connected with the bottom pipe pass inlet of the freezer 7, and the top pipe pass outlet of the freezer 7 is connected with the feed inlet of the freezing crystallizer 8 through a freezer outlet pipe G7.
The refrigeration forced circulation pump B6 pushes the feed liquid in the refrigeration crystallizer 8 to return to the refrigeration crystallizer 8 from the refrigeration feed liquid circulation pipe G6 to the freezer 7 to form a feed liquid forced circulation process, thereby reducing the feed liquid agglomeration and blockage phenomenon, achieving continuous operation, simultaneously prolonging the retention time of the feed liquid and providing a powerful condition for the growth of crystals.
External freezer 7, the feed liquid is followed freezer 7 lower part feeding, and the upper portion ejection of compact has reduced the short circuit temperature difference loss, and freezing crystallizer 8 and cooler all can adopt the 316L material, and is high than traditional enamel still heat transfer efficiency, and heat transfer coefficient is big, has solved the incomplete inhomogeneous problem of cooling, has practiced thrift the cold volume consumption of refrigerant medium high-efficiently.
A flow guide pipe 8a is connected to the feed inlet of the freezing crystallizer 8, and the flow guide pipe 8a extends to the lower part of the freezing crystallizer 8 along the axis. A freezing circulating liquid outlet 8b on the upper side wall of the freezing crystallizer 8 is connected with an inlet of a freezing liquid circulating pipe G6; the bottom and the lower side wall of the freezing crystallizer 8 are provided with a freezing crystallizer discharge port 8c, and the freezing crystallizer discharge port 8c is connected with the inlet of a discharge pump B7. The freezing crystallizer 8 is internally provided with a flow guide pipe 8a, nickel sulfate feed liquid cooled by the freezer 7 enters the freezing crystallizer 8 and then is guided by the flow guide pipe 8a at the upper part to enter the lower part of the freezing crystallizer 8, then the nickel sulfate feed liquid rises to a freezing circulation liquid outlet 8b to be discharged, nickel sulfate crystals with large particle sizes sink under the action of gravity in the whole process, nickel sulfate crystals with small particle sizes float to the freezing circulation liquid outlet 8b through a discharge hole 8c of the freezing crystallizer, and continuously participate in circulation to prolong the retention time, so that crystal grains grow up and the product quality is improved.
The lower outlet of the shell side of the refrigerator 7 is connected with the upper inlet of the shell side of the refrigerator 7 through a cold medium circulating pipe G8 and a cold medium circulating pump B5. The refrigerant medium circulating pump B5 forces the refrigerant medium in the shell pass of the freezer to circulate, and the refrigerant medium and the nickel sulfate liquid can fully exchange heat, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the refrigerant medium.
The outlet of the cold medium liquid supplementing pipe G9 is connected with a cold medium circulating pipe G8, and the outlet of the cold medium circulating pump B5 is connected with a cold medium discharge pipe G10; the refrigerant medium liquid supplementing pipe G9 is connected to the upper part of the inlet on the upper part of the shell of the refrigerator, and can supplement the low-temperature refrigerant medium and discharge the refrigerant medium after heat exchange in time.
The freezing crystallizer 8 is provided with a conical lower part and a circular arc-shaped bottom part with a convex middle part, so that a dead zone is not easily formed; the lowest point of the circular arc-shaped bottom is provided with a discharge port 8c of the freezing crystallizer, and the side wall of the conical lower part is provided with a plurality of discharge ports 8c of the freezing crystallizer along the height direction, so that the discharge blockage can be prevented, and the influence on the continuity of production is avoided.
The outlet of a discharge pump B7 is connected with the feed inlet of a cyclone 9 through a freezing discharge pipe G11, the underflow outlet of the cyclone 9 is connected with the inlet of a centrifuge 10, the solid phase of the centrifuge 10 outputs nickel sulfate products, the separation mother liquor outlet of the centrifuge 10 and the overflow outlet of the cyclone 9 are both connected with the inlet of a centrifugation mother liquor tank 11, the outlet of the centrifugation mother liquor tank 11 is connected with the inlet of a centrifugation mother liquor pump B8, the outlet of the centrifugation mother liquor pump B8 is connected with a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6 and the cold side inlet of the precooler 6, and the cold side outlet of the precooler 6 is connected with an evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe G2 through a centrifugation mother liquor return pipe G12.
During operation, the nickel sulfate stock solution is sent to the cold side of the preheater 1 by a stock solution pump B1, the evaporated water in the evaporated bucket 2 is pumped by an evaporated water pump B2 and sent to the hot side of the preheater 1 to preheat the nickel sulfate stock solution, and the evaporated water after waste heat recovery is discharged from an evaporated water discharge pipe G13; the preheated nickel sulfate stock solution enters an evaporation feed solution circulating pipe G2 and is mixed with feed solution discharged from the bottom of the separator 4, the crystal slurry is sent into the evaporator 3 by an evaporation forced circulation pump B3 to be heated, the heated feed liquid enters the separator 4 through an evaporator outlet pipe G3 to be crystallized and separated, the crystal slurry enters an evaporation feed liquid circulation pipe G2 to be circulated, part of the crystal slurry is discharged from an evaporation concentrated liquid output pipe and is pumped into the hot side of the precooler 6 by a refrigeration unit feed pump B4, the mother liquor exchanges heat with low temperature and is cooled, and then enters a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6, the freezing crystallizer 8, the freezer 7 and a freezing forced circulating pump B6 are connected by a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6, when the liquid level in the freezing crystallizer 8 reaches a certain height, starting the refrigeration forced circulation pump B6, feeding the circulated feed liquid into the tube side of the freezer 7 by the refrigeration forced circulation pump B6, and exchanging heat with the cold medium of the shell side to reduce the temperature to below 0 ℃. The industrial electrolyte nickel sulfate solution is generally under the high-acid condition, the solution of the device is lower than 0 ℃, the nickel sulfate solubility is very low under the high-acid condition, nickel sulfate crystals are easy to separate out and crystallize at low temperature, and the problem of acid mist leakage caused by heating is further avoided.
The nickel sulfate feed liquid enters the freezing crystallizer 8 from the outlet pipe G7 of the freezer, nickel sulfate crystals are separated out along with the reduction of the temperature of the nickel sulfate feed liquid, the nickel sulfate crystals descend to the lower part of the freezing crystallizer 8 along the flow guide pipe 8a, then the nickel sulfate crystal slurry ascends to the outlet 8B of the freezing circulating liquid, and then the nickel sulfate crystal slurry is conveyed to the freezer by the freezing forced circulation pump B6 after flowing out of the freezing feed liquid circulation pipe G6, the nickel sulfate crystal slurry in the whole process sinks through the action of gravity, the nickel sulfate crystals with large grain size float to the outlet 8B of the freezing circulating liquid, and the nickel sulfate crystals with small grain size float to the outlet 8B of the freezing circulating liquid and participate in circulation together with the precooled incoming materials. The forced circulation of the feed liquid reduces the blocking phenomenon of feed liquid agglomeration, prolongs the retention time, enables crystal grains to grow up and improves the product quality.
After being discharged from a discharge port 8c of the freezing crystallizer, crystal slurry of nickel sulfate crystals with larger particle sizes is sent into a swirler 9 by a discharge pump B7 for concentration and thickening, the concentrated nickel sulfate crystal slurry enters a centrifuge 10 for solid-liquid separation to obtain a nickel sulfate product, separated mother liquor flows into a centrifugal mother liquor tank 11 through a pipeline, low-temperature nickel sulfate mother liquor is sent out by a centrifugal mother liquor pump B8, one part of the low-temperature nickel sulfate mother liquor flows back to a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe G6 to enter circulation again, the other part of the low-temperature nickel sulfate mother liquor enters a cold side of a precooler 6 to exchange heat with nickel sulfate incoming materials, and the low-temperature nickel sulfate mother liquor flows into an evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe G2 through a centrifugal mother liquor backflow pipe G12 after heat exchange to be recycled.
The refrigerant medium of the shell layer of the refrigerator realizes forced circulation operation through a refrigerant medium circulating pipe G8 and a refrigerant medium circulating pump B5, so that heat can be fully exchanged with the nickel sulfate liquid, and the energy of the refrigerant medium is saved.
The side wall of the lower part of the outlet pipe G7 of the freezer is provided with a fused salt pipe orifice 7a, if feed liquid is caked or the wall is dry in the crystallization process, the fused salt pipe orifice 7a can be opened in time to introduce heat medium, so that the problem can be solved immediately, and continuous production is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a nickel sulfate preparation system, includes the stock solution pump that links to each other with nickel sulfate stock solution pipe which characterized in that: the outlet of the stock solution pump is connected with the cold side inlet of the preheater, the cold side outlet of the preheater is connected with the middle part of the evaporation feed solution circulating pipe, the upper end of the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with the outlet at the bottom of the separator, the lower end of the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with the inlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump, the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump is connected with the tube side inlet of the evaporator, the tube pass outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the side wall of the separator, the top exhaust port of the separator is connected with the inlet of the compressor through a secondary air pipe, the outlet of the compressor and the steam generation pipe are connected with the shell pass inlet of the evaporator together, the shell pass outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of the steam distillation bucket, the bottom outlet of the steaming bucket is connected with the hot side inlet of the preheater through a steaming water pump, and the hot side outlet of the preheater is connected with a steaming water discharge pipe; and the outlet of the evaporation forced circulation pump is also connected with the freezing and crystallizing unit through an evaporation concentrated solution output pipe.
2. The nickel sulfate production system of claim 1, wherein: the freezing crystallization unit comprises a freezing unit feeding pump connected with the evaporation concentrated solution output pipe, the outlet of the freezing unit feeding pump is connected with the hot side inlet of the precooler, the hot side outlet of the precooler is connected with a freezing feed liquid circulating pipe, the outlet of the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe is connected with the inlet of a freezing forced circulation pump, the outlet of the freezing forced circulation pump is connected with the bottom pipe pass inlet of the freezer, the top pipe pass outlet of the freezer is connected with the feed inlet of the freezing crystallizer through the freezer outlet pipe, and the freezing circulating liquid outlet of the upper side wall of the freezing crystallizer is connected with the inlet of the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe; the bottom and the lower side wall of the freezing crystallizer are provided with freezing crystallizer discharge holes, the freezing crystallizer discharge holes are connected with an inlet of a discharge pump, an outlet of the discharge pump is connected with a feed inlet of a cyclone through a freezing discharge pipe, an underflow outlet of the cyclone is connected with an inlet of a centrifugal machine, and a solid phase of the centrifugal machine outputs a nickel sulfate product.
3. The nickel sulfate production system of claim 2, wherein: the separation mother liquor outlet of the centrifuge and the top flow outlet of the cyclone are both connected with the inlet of a centrifugal mother liquor tank, the outlet of the centrifugal mother liquor tank is connected with the inlet of a centrifugal mother liquor pump, the outlet of the centrifugal mother liquor pump is connected with the freezing feed liquid circulating pipe and the cold side inlet of the precooler, and the cold side outlet of the precooler is connected with the evaporation feed liquid circulating pipe through a centrifugal mother liquor return pipe.
4. The nickel sulfate production system of claim 2, wherein: the feed inlet of the freezing crystallizer is connected with a flow guide pipe, and the flow guide pipe extends to the lower part of the freezing crystallizer along the axis; the freezing crystallizer is provided with a conical lower part and a circular arc-shaped bottom part with a convex middle part, the lowest point of the circular arc-shaped bottom part is provided with the discharging hole of the freezing crystallizer, and the side wall of the conical lower part is provided with a plurality of discharging holes of the freezing crystallizer along the height direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220023368.XU CN216629729U (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Nickel sulfate preparation system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202220023368.XU CN216629729U (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Nickel sulfate preparation system |
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| CN216629729U true CN216629729U (en) | 2022-05-31 |
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| CN202220023368.XU Active CN216629729U (en) | 2022-01-06 | 2022-01-06 | Nickel sulfate preparation system |
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- 2022-01-06 CN CN202220023368.XU patent/CN216629729U/en active Active
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