CN215813616U

CN215813616U - Display device with switchable viewing angle

Info

Publication number: CN215813616U
Application number: CN202121786274.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈家军; 钟德镇; 周学芹
Original assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Current assignee: InfoVision Optoelectronics Kunshan Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-02
Filing date: 2021-08-02
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2031-08-02

Abstract

The utility model discloses a display device with switchable visual angles, which comprises a first dimming structure, a second dimming structure and a picture display control box, wherein the first dimming structure, the second dimming structure and the picture display control box are mutually stacked; the first dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate is provided with an auxiliary electrode, the second substrate is provided with a first visual angle control electrode and a second visual angle control electrode matched with the first visual angle control electrode, and the first visual angle control electrode and the second visual angle control electrode are matched with the auxiliary electrode; the second light adjusting structure has a scattering mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure is in a divergent state and a transmission mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure is in a direct state. Through setting up two structures of adjusting luminance, one of them structure of adjusting luminance can realize scattering mode and transmission mode's switching moreover to can promote wide visual angle effect and narrow visual angle effect.

Description

Display device with switchable viewing angle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of displays, in particular to a display device with switchable viewing angles.

Background

A Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) has advantages of good picture quality, small size, light weight, low driving voltage, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low manufacturing cost, and is dominant in the field of flat panel displays.

With the continuous progress of the liquid crystal display technology, the viewing angle of the display has been widened from about 120 ° to over 160 °, and people want to effectively protect business confidentiality and personal privacy while enjoying the experience of large viewing angle, so as to avoid business loss or embarrassment caused by the leakage of screen information. Therefore, in addition to the requirement of wide viewing angle, in many cases, the display device is required to have the function of switching between wide and narrow viewing angles.

At present, the wide and narrow visual angle switching is realized by mainly adopting the attached shutter shielding film on the display screen, when peep prevention is needed, the visual angle can be reduced by shielding the screen by using the shutter shielding film, but the shutter shielding film needs to be additionally prepared in the mode, great inconvenience can be caused to a user, one shutter shielding film can only realize one visual angle, and once the shutter shielding film is attached, the visual angle is fixed in the narrow visual angle mode, so that free switching between the wide visual angle mode and the narrow visual angle mode cannot be realized.

The first is realized by attaching a shutter shielding film on the display screen, and when peep prevention is needed, the view angle can be reduced by shielding the screen by the shutter shielding film. However, in this method, an extra louver film is required to be prepared, which causes great inconvenience to a user, and one louver film can only realize one viewing angle, and once the louver film is attached, the viewing angle is fixed, and only a narrow viewing angle mode can be realized, and the wide viewing angle function cannot be displayed.

The second is to arrange a dual light source backlight system in the lcd device for adjusting the viewing angle of the lcd device, the dual light source backlight system is composed of two stacked light guide plates combined with an inverse prism sheet, the top light guide plate (LGP-T) combined with the inverse prism sheet changes the direction of the light so that the light is limited in a relatively narrow angular range, thereby realizing the narrow viewing angle of the lcd device, while the bottom light guide plate (LGP-B) combined with the inverse prism sheet functions to realize the wide viewing angle of the lcd device. However, such a dual-light source backlight system increases the thickness and cost of the liquid crystal display device, and is not suitable for the trend of thinning the liquid crystal display device.

The third is to apply a vertical electric field to the liquid crystal molecules by using a viewing angle control electrode on one side of a color film substrate (CF), so that the liquid crystal deflects towards the vertical direction, thereby realizing a narrow viewing angle mode. By controlling the voltage on the viewing angle control electrode, switching between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle can be achieved, but such a display panel is not ideal for a wide viewing angle.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a display device with switchable viewing angle, so as to solve the problem of poor wide viewing angle effect of the display device in the prior art.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a display device with switchable visual angles, which comprises a first dimming structure, a second dimming structure and a picture display control box, wherein the first dimming structure, the second dimming structure and the picture display control box are mutually stacked;

the first dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate is provided with an auxiliary electrode, the second substrate is provided with a first visual angle control electrode and a second visual angle control electrode matched with the first visual angle control electrode, and the first visual angle control electrode and the second visual angle control electrode are matched with the auxiliary electrode;

the second dimming structure is provided with a scattering mode and a transmission mode, light rays passing through the second dimming structure are in a divergent state in the scattering mode, and light rays passing through the second dimming structure are in a direct state in the transmission mode;

the picture display control box is used for controlling the gray scale of picture display.

Furthermore, the display device with switchable visual angles further comprises a backlight module, wherein the backlight module is used for providing a light source, and the picture display control box comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate arranged opposite to the color film substrate and a second liquid crystal layer positioned between the color film substrate and the array substrate;

the color film substrate is provided with a first polaroid, the array substrate is provided with a second polaroid, the second substrate is provided with a third polaroid, and the transmission axes of the first polaroid and the third polaroid are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the transmission axis of the second polaroid.

The utility model also provides a display device with switchable visual angles, which comprises a first dimming structure, a second dimming structure and a picture display control box, wherein the first dimming structure, the second dimming structure and the picture display control box are mutually stacked;

the first light modulation structure comprises a first peep-proof film and a second peep-proof film which are stacked mutually, the first peep-proof film and the second peep-proof film are both used for reducing the range of light ray emitting angles, and the light receiving directions of the first peep-proof film and the second peep-proof film are mutually vertical;

the color film substrate is provided with a first polaroid, the array substrate is provided with a second polaroid, and the transmission axes of the first polaroid and the second polaroid are mutually vertical.

Further, the second dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate arranged opposite to the third substrate, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, wherein the third substrate is provided with a first electrode, and the fourth substrate is provided with a second electrode matched with the first electrode;

in a scattering mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is smaller than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a fog state and has an astigmatism effect;

and in the transmission mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is greater than a second preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is in a transparent state.

Furthermore, the second dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate arranged opposite to the third substrate, and a third liquid crystal layer located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the third substrate is provided with a first electrode, the fourth substrate is provided with a second electrode matched with the first electrode, and one side of the fourth substrate facing the third liquid crystal layer is provided with a plurality of protruding structures;

in a scattering mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is smaller than a first preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer is in a lying state, and the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer is larger than that of the convex structure and has an astigmatism effect;

in the transmissive mode, a voltage difference between the first electrode and the second electrode is greater than a second preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer is in a vertical state, and the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer is equal to that of the protrusion structure.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the convex structure is a semicircular structure or a triangular structure.

Further, the planar shape of protruding structure is the bar structure, protruding structure includes first sand grip and second sand grip, the extending direction of first sand grip with the extending direction of second sand grip has the contained angle.

Furthermore, the extending direction of the first protruding strip is perpendicular to the extending direction of the second protruding strip.

Further, the picture display control box comprises a driving substrate, a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged on the driving substrate and a protective layer covering the plurality of light emitting diodes, wherein the driving substrate is used for controlling the plurality of light emitting diodes to display different gray scales.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the display device with the switchable visual angle comprises a first dimming structure, a second dimming structure and a picture display control box which are mutually stacked; the first dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a first liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate is provided with an auxiliary electrode, the second substrate is provided with a first visual angle control electrode and a second visual angle control electrode matched with the first visual angle control electrode, and the first visual angle control electrode and the second visual angle control electrode are matched with the auxiliary electrode; the second light adjusting structure has a scattering mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure is in a divergent state and a transmission mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure is in a direct state. Through setting up two structures of adjusting luminance, one of them structure of adjusting luminance can realize scattering mode and transmission mode switching moreover to can promote wide visual angle effect and narrow visual angle effect by a wide margin.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an actual measurement of a viewing angle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is one of schematic plane structures of a bump structure in the third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a second schematic plan view of a bump structure in a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a wide viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device with a narrow viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a second schematic plan view of the display device of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention for achieving the predetermined purpose of the utility model, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display device with switchable viewing angles according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments is as follows:

[ example one ]

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, a display device with switchable viewing angles according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first light modulation structure 10, a second light modulation structure 20 and a picture display control box 30, which are stacked on each other.

The first dimming structure 10 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first substrate 11, and a first liquid crystal layer 13 between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. In this embodiment, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are used in the first liquid crystal layer 13. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12 are antiparallel. The positive liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 13 and the first and

second substrates

11 and 12 may have a small initial pretilt angle, and the initial pretilt angle may range from 10 degrees or less, that is: 0 DEG < theta < 10 DEG to reduce the response time of vertical deflection of the positive liquid crystal molecules.

The first substrate 11 is provided with an auxiliary electrode 111, the second substrate 12 is provided with a first viewing angle control electrode 121 and a second viewing angle control electrode 122 matched with the first viewing angle control electrode 121, and both the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 are matched with the auxiliary electrode 111. In this embodiment, the auxiliary electrode 111 is a planar electrode disposed over the whole surface, the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 are disposed at different layers and insulated from each other, the first viewing angle control electrode 121 is disposed under the second viewing angle control electrode 122, the first viewing angle control electrode 121 is a planar electrode disposed over the whole surface, and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 is a comb-shaped electrode having slits. Each of the first and second viewing

angle control electrodes

121 and 122 can form a vertical electric field with the auxiliary electrode 111, and a horizontal electric field can be formed between the first and second viewing

angle control electrodes

121 and 122. Of course, the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 may also be located on the same layer and insulated from each other, and the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 are both comb-shaped electrodes with slits and are embedded in each other.

The second light adjusting structure 20 has a scattering mode and a transmission mode, and in the scattering mode, the light passing through the second light adjusting structure 20 is in a divergent state, so as to increase the scattering angle of the light passing through the second light adjusting structure 20; in the transmissive mode, the light passing through the second light adjusting structure 20 is in a direct state, i.e., the emitting angle of the light passing through the second light adjusting structure 20 is not changed.

The picture display control box 30 is used for controlling the gray scale of the picture display, that is, the picture display control box 30 may be a common display panel, and may control the light intensity of each sub-pixel, so as to control the gray scale of the picture display.

In this embodiment, the display device with switchable viewing angles further includes a backlight module 40, the backlight module 40 is used for providing a light source, the first light adjusting structure 10 is disposed between the second light adjusting structure 20 and the frame display control box 30, and the second light adjusting structure 20 is disposed on a side of the first light adjusting structure 10 facing the backlight module 40. Of course, in other embodiments, the positions of the first dimming structure 10 and the second dimming structure 20 are switched, that is, the second dimming structure 20 is disposed between the first dimming structure 10 and the screen display control box 30, and the first dimming structure 10 is disposed on a side of the second dimming structure 20 facing the backlight module 40.

The screen display control box 30 employs a liquid crystal display box. The picture display control box 30 includes a color filter substrate 31, an array substrate 32 disposed opposite to the color filter substrate 31, and a second liquid crystal layer 33 located between the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32. In this embodiment, the second liquid crystal layer 33 employs positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, and in an initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal layer 33 are aligned parallel to the color filter substrate 31 and the array substrate 32, and the alignment directions of the positive liquid crystal molecules near the color filter substrate 31 and the positive liquid crystal molecules near the array substrate 32 are antiparallel. Of course, in other embodiments, the second liquid crystal layer 33 may also use negative liquid crystal molecules, such as VA display mode.

A color resist layer 312 and a Black Matrix (BM)311 for spacing the color resist layer 312 are disposed on the color filter substrate 31 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33. The color resist layer 312 includes, for example, color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and pixel units of the three colors of red, green, and blue are formed correspondingly. The black matrix 311 is disposed between the pixel units of three colors of red, green and blue, such that adjacent pixel units are spaced apart from each other by the black matrix 311.

The array substrate 32 is defined by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated from each other and crossed on one side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33 to form a plurality of pixel units, the black matrix 311 is up and down corresponding to the scanning lines and the data lines, a pixel electrode 322 and a thin film transistor are arranged in each pixel unit, and the pixel electrode 322 is electrically connected with the data lines of the adjacent thin film transistors through the thin film transistors. The thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line are located on the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the source electrode and the data line are electrically connected, and the drain electrode and the pixel electrode 322 are electrically connected through a contact hole.

In this embodiment, a common electrode 321 is further disposed on a side of the array substrate 32 facing the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the common electrode 321 and the pixel electrode 322 are located at different layers and insulated and isolated by an insulating layer. The common electrode 321 may be located above or below the pixel electrode 322 (the common electrode 321 is located below the pixel electrode 322 as shown in fig. 1). Preferably, the common electrode 321 is a planar electrode disposed over the entire surface, and the pixel electrode 322 is a slit electrode having a plurality of electrode bars in each pixel unit to form a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode. Of course, In other embodiments, the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 are located on the same layer, but are insulated and isolated from each other, each of the pixel electrode 322 and the common electrode 321 may include a plurality of electrode stripes, and the electrode stripes of the pixel electrode 322 and the electrode stripes of the common electrode 321 are alternately arranged to form an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode. Alternatively, the array substrate 32 is provided with a pixel electrode 322 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33, and the color filter substrate 31 is provided with a common electrode 321 on a side facing the second liquid crystal layer 33 to form a TN mode or a VA mode, and for other descriptions of the TN mode and the VA mode, reference is made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.

Furthermore, a first polarizer 51 is disposed on one side of the color filter substrate 31 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, a second polarizer 52 is disposed on one side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, a third polarizer 53 is disposed on the second substrate 12, the third polarizer 53 is disposed between the second substrate 12 and the second dimming structure 20, light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 and the third polarizer 53 are parallel to each other, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 and the third polarizer 53 are perpendicular to a light transmission axis of the second polarizer 52. For example, the transmission axes of the first and

third polarizers

51 and 53 are both 0 °, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 52 is 90 °. Preferably, in the initial state, the long axis of the first liquid crystal layer 13 is 45 ° to the transmission axis of the third polarizer 53, so that the display device can be switched between the wide viewing angle mode and the omni-directional (up, down, left, and right) narrow viewing angle mode by controlling the voltage signals applied to the first viewing angle controlling electrode 121, the second viewing angle controlling electrode 122, and the auxiliary electrode 111.

Of course, in other embodiments, the screen display control box 30 may also adopt an led display panel, and refer to the screen display control box 30 in fig. 10 to 11 and the fourth embodiment. The screen display control box 30 adopts, for example, an OLED display panel or Micro LED display panel (Micro light emitting diode) technology, the Micro LED display panel is a technology for miniaturizing and matrixing LEDs, and the light emitting diode display panel has a self-luminous characteristic relative to a liquid crystal display panel, has a wide viewing angle and high color saturation, and can improve the display effect in wide and narrow viewing angle display. Since the led display panel has a self-luminous effect, the backlight module 40 is not needed, the first light adjusting structure 10 is disposed between the second light adjusting structure 20 and the image display control box 30, and the first light adjusting structure 10 and the second light adjusting structure 20 are both disposed on the light emitting side of the image display control box 30.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the screen display control box 30 includes a driving substrate 34, a plurality of light emitting diodes 35 disposed on the driving substrate 34, and a protective layer 36 covering the plurality of light emitting diodes 35, wherein the driving substrate 34 is used for controlling the plurality of light emitting diodes 35 to display different gray scales. The plurality of light emitting diodes 35 are distributed in an array on the driving substrate 34, and each light emitting diode 35 is a sub-pixel. For a more detailed structure of the led display panel, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein.

In this embodiment, the second light adjusting structure 20 includes a third substrate 21, a fourth substrate 22 disposed opposite to the third substrate 21, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 (PDLC) disposed between the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, wherein the third substrate 21 is provided with a first electrode 211, and the fourth substrate 22 is provided with a second electrode 221 matched with the first electrode 211. In the scattering mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is smaller than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a fog state and has a light scattering effect; in the transmissive mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a transparent state. Thereby controlling the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 to be switched between the fog state and the transparent state by controlling the electric signals applied to the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is closer to the fog state as the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is smaller, whereas the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is closer to the transparent state as the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is larger. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 has a light scattering effect in a foggy state, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 does not change an emission angle of light in a transparent state.

Of course, in other embodiments, the second dimming structure 20 includes a third substrate 21, a fourth substrate 22 disposed opposite to the third substrate 21, and a third liquid crystal layer 24 located between the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22. In the third liquid crystal layer 24, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are used. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the third liquid crystal layer 24 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12. Of course, the third liquid crystal layer 24 may also adopt a vertical alignment. The third substrate 21 is provided with a first electrode 211, the fourth substrate 22 is provided with a second electrode 221 matched with the first electrode 211, and one side of the fourth substrate 22 facing the third liquid crystal layer 24 is provided with a plurality of convex structures 222. The convex structure 222 is preferably made of resin, and the refractive index n of the resin is 1.4-1.6, which is close to the refractive index no of the currently common liquid crystal molecules. Reference may be made to fig. 6 to 9 and the second dimming structure 20 in the third embodiment.

In the scattering mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is smaller than the first preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer 24 is in a lying state, and the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is greater than the refractive index of the protrusion structure 222 and has an astigmatism effect, i.e., the refractive index ne of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is greater than the refractive index n of the protrusion structure 222. In the transmissive mode, the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer 24 is in a vertical state, where the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is equal to the refractive index of the protrusion structure 222, that is, the refractive index no of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is equal to the refractive index n of the protrusion structure 222.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion structure 222 is a semicircular structure or a triangular structure. The planar shape of the protruding structure 222 is a strip structure, that is, the protruding structure 222 is an inverted semi-cylinder or triangular prism. The protrusion structure 222 includes a first protruding strip 222a and a second protruding strip 222b, and an extending direction of the first protruding strip 222a and an extending direction of the second protruding strip 222b form an included angle. Of course, the protrusion structure 222 may also be a hemisphere structure or a triangular pyramid structure. Referring to fig. 8, the extending direction of the first protrusion 222a and the extending direction of the second protrusion 222b are perpendicular to each other. Referring to fig. 9, the extending direction of the first protrusion 222a and the extending direction of the second protrusion 222b may have other angles.

The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the third substrate 21, the fourth substrate 22, the color filter substrate 31, and the array substrate 32 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or other materials. The materials of the auxiliary electrode 111, the first viewing angle controlling electrode 121, the second viewing angle controlling electrode 122, the first electrode 211, the second electrode 221, the common electrode 321, and the pixel electrode 322 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.

As shown in fig. 1, in the wide viewing angle mode, the first dimming structure 10 exhibits a wide viewing angle state. A voltage of 0V is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, a voltage of 0V is applied to one of the first and second viewing

angle control electrodes

121 and 122, and a voltage of 2.8V is applied to the other of the first and second viewing

angle control electrodes

121 and 122. At this time, liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer 13 are deflected by the fringe electric field, and light passing through the first liquid crystal layer 13 in all directions can pass through the first dimming structure 10, thereby forming a wide viewing angle display mode. It is to be understood that in the wide viewing angle mode, the voltages of the auxiliary electrode 111, the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 may not be 0V, for example, the voltages of the auxiliary electrode 111 and the first viewing angle control electrode 121 or the voltages of the auxiliary electrode 111 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 may be applied as an ac voltage having a magnitude of 0.1V to 0.5V, and the voltage of the other of the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 may not be 2.8V, and may be an ac voltage having a magnitude of 2V to 4V. The frequency of the alternating voltage may be 60Hz to 150 Hz.

While the second dimming structure 20 is in a scattering state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is less than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a foggy state and has a light scattering effect. The first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 may be applied with no voltage signal or a voltage signal with a small voltage difference. Thereby enabling the display device to have a better wide viewing angle effect, and the degree of scattering of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

211 and 221, thereby enabling the wide viewing angle effect of the display device to be adjusted.

As for the image display control box 30, the common electrode 321 applies the common signal, and the pixel electrode 322 applies the gray scale signals of 0-255, so that the image display control box 30 can control the normal image display in the wide viewing angle mode.

As shown in fig. 2, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the first dimming structure 10 exhibits a narrow viewing angle state. A voltage of 0V is applied to the auxiliary electrode 111, and a voltage of 5V is applied to each of the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules of the first liquid crystal layer 13 tilt at a certain angle along 45 °, and light in each direction shrinks at a large viewing angle, thereby forming an omnidirectional (up-down, left-right) narrow viewing angle display mode. It is understood that in the narrow viewing angle mode, the voltage of the auxiliary electrode 111 may not be 0V, for example, an ac voltage with a magnitude of 0.1V to 0.5V, and the voltages of the first viewing angle control electrode 121 and the second viewing angle control electrode 122 may not be 5V, and may be an ac voltage with a magnitude of 4.5V to 6V. The frequency of the alternating voltage may be 60Hz to 150 Hz.

While the second dimming structure 20 is in a transparent state, i.e. in a transmissive mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a transparent state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is preferably 7V-15V, so that the light passing through the second light modulating structure 20 does not change the emitting angle. And the degree of transparency of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

211 and 221, so that the narrow viewing angle effect of the display device can be adjusted.

As for the image display control box 30, the common electrode 321 applies the common signal, and the pixel electrode 322 applies the gray scale signals of 0-255, so that the image display control box 30 can control the normal image display in the narrow viewing angle mode.

[ example two ]

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a second embodiment of the present invention at a wide viewing angle, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a second embodiment of the present invention at a narrow viewing angle, and fig. 5 is a schematic actual measurement diagram of a viewing angle in the second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 3 to fig. 5, the display device with switchable viewing angles according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a first dimming structure 10, a second dimming structure 20 and a screen display control box 30 stacked on each other.

The first dimming structure 10 includes a first privacy film 14 and a second privacy film 15 stacked on each other, both the first privacy film 14 and the second privacy film 15 are used for reducing the range of the light emission angle, the light collection directions of the first privacy film 14 and the second privacy film 15 are perpendicular to each other, for example, the first privacy film 14 collects light from left and right, and the second privacy film 15 collects light from top and bottom, so that the first dimming structure 10 has an omnidirectional light collection effect. The peep-proof films (the first peep-proof film 14 and the second peep-proof film 15) are similar to a micro louver structure, and can block light rays with a large incident angle, so that light rays with a small incident angle can pass through the peep-proof films, and the angle range of the light rays passing through the peep-proof films is reduced. The peep-proof film comprises a plurality of light resistance walls arranged in parallel and a light hole positioned between two adjacent light resistance walls, light absorption materials are arranged on two sides of each light resistance wall, and the prior art can be referred for more detailed description of the peep-proof film, and the detailed description is omitted here.

In this embodiment, the display device with switchable viewing angles further includes a backlight module 40, the backlight module 40 is used for providing a light source, the second light modulation structure 20 is disposed between the first light modulation structure 10 and the frame display control box 30, and the first light modulation structure 10 is disposed on one side of the second light modulation structure 20 facing the backlight module 40. Since the privacy film of the first dimming structure 10 has a light-receiving effect that cannot be adjusted, the first dimming structure 10 needs to be disposed closest to the backlight assembly 40.

Further, a first polarizer 51 is disposed on one side of the color filter substrate 31 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, a second polarizer 52 is disposed on one side of the array substrate 32 away from the second liquid crystal layer 33, and light transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 and the second polarizer 52 are perpendicular to each other. For example, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 51 are all 0 °, and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 52 is 90 °.

As shown in fig. 3, the second dimming structure 20 is in a scattering state in the wide viewing angle mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is less than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a foggy state and has a light scattering effect. The first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 may be applied with no voltage signal or a voltage signal with a small voltage difference. Thereby enabling the display device to have a better wide viewing angle effect, and the degree of scattering of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

As shown in fig. 4, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the second dimming structure 20 is in a transparent state, i.e., a transmissive mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a transparent state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is preferably 7V-15V, so that the light passing through the second light modulating structure 20 does not change the emitting angle. And the degree of transparency of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

Fig. 5 is a graph of luminance as a function of viewing angle using measured data, with the center luminance being 100%. Curve a applies 0V to the first electrode 211, curve B applies 5.5V to the first electrode 211, curve C applies 7.5V to the first electrode 211, curve D applies 10V to the first electrode 211, and the second electrode 221 always applies 0V. As can be seen from the figure, the larger the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is, the smaller the visual angle is, i.e. the better the peep-proof effect is; and the smaller the voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is, the larger the visual angle is, i.e., the worse the peep-proof effect is.

[ third example ]

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the utility model at a wide viewing angle, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device in a third embodiment of the utility model at a narrow viewing angle, fig. 8 is one of schematic planar structural diagrams of a convex structure in the third embodiment of the utility model, and fig. 9 is a second of schematic planar structural diagrams of a convex structure in the third embodiment of the utility model. The switchable viewing angle display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the switchable viewing angle display device according to the second embodiment (fig. 3 to fig. 5), except that in the present embodiment, the second dimming structure 20 includes a third substrate 21, a fourth substrate 22 disposed opposite to the third substrate 21, and a third liquid crystal layer 24 disposed between the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22. In the third liquid crystal layer 24, positive liquid crystal molecules, that is, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are used. In the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules in the third liquid crystal layer 24 are aligned parallel to the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, and the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the first substrate 11 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules on the side close to the second substrate 12. Of course, the third liquid crystal layer 24 may also adopt a vertical alignment. The third substrate 21 is provided with a first electrode 211, the fourth substrate 22 is provided with a second electrode 221 matched with the first electrode 211, and one side of the fourth substrate 22 facing the third liquid crystal layer 24 is provided with a plurality of convex structures 222. The protruding structure 222 is preferably made of resin, and the refractive index n of the resin is 1.4-1.6, which is close to that of the currently common liquid crystal molecule no.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion structure 222 is a semicircular structure or a triangular structure. The planar shape of the protruding structure 222 is a strip structure, that is, the protruding structure 222 is an inverted semi-cylinder or triangular prism. The protrusion structure 222 includes a first protruding strip 222a and a second protruding strip 222b, and an extending direction of the first protruding strip 222a and an extending direction of the second protruding strip 222b form an included angle. Of course, the protrusion structure 222 may also be a hemisphere structure or a triangular pyramid structure. As shown in fig. 8, the extending direction of the first protrusion 222a and the extending direction of the second protrusion 222b are perpendicular to each other. As shown in fig. 9, the extending direction of the first protrusion 222a and the extending direction of the second protrusion 222b may form other angles.

As shown in fig. 6, in the wide viewing angle mode, the second dimming structure 20 is in a scattering state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is smaller than a first preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer 24 is in a lying state. The first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 may be applied with no voltage signal or a voltage signal with a small voltage difference. The refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is greater than the refractive index of the protrusion structures 222 and has a light scattering effect, i.e. the refractive index ne of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is greater than the refractive index n of the protrusion structures 222. And the degree of scattering of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

211 and 221, so that the wide viewing angle effect of the display device can be adjusted.

As shown in fig. 8, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the second dimming structure 20 is in a direct state, i.e., in a transmissive mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer 24 is in a vertical state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is preferably 3V-7V, when the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is equal to the refractive index of the protrusion structures 222, i.e. when the refractive index no of the third liquid crystal layer 24 is equal to the refractive index n of the protrusion structures 222, and the light passing through the second light adjusting structure 20 does not substantially change the exit angle.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the present embodiment, and are not described herein again.

[ example four ]

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a wide viewing angle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device at a narrow viewing angle according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the display device with switchable viewing angle according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the display device with switchable viewing angle according to the second embodiment (fig. 3 to 5), except that in the present embodiment, the screen display control box 30 adopts a light emitting diode display panel, such as an OLED display panel or a Micro LED display panel (Micro light emitting diode) technology, the Micro LED display panel is a technology of LED scaling and matrixing, the light emitting diode display panel has a self-light emitting characteristic relative to a liquid crystal display panel, the viewing angle is wide, the color saturation is high, and the display effect during wide and narrow viewing angle display can be improved. Since the led display panel has a self-luminous effect, the backlight module 40 is not needed, the first light adjusting structure 10 is disposed between the second light adjusting structure 20 and the image display control box 30, and the first light adjusting structure 10 and the second light adjusting structure 20 are both disposed on the light emitting side of the image display control box 30.

The screen display control box 30 includes a driving substrate 34, a plurality of light emitting diodes 35 disposed on the driving substrate 34, and a protective layer 36 covering the plurality of light emitting diodes 35, wherein the driving substrate 34 is used for controlling the plurality of light emitting diodes 35 to display different gray scales. The plurality of light emitting diodes 35 are distributed in an array on the driving substrate 34, and each light emitting diode 35 is a sub-pixel. For a more detailed structure of the led display panel, please refer to the prior art, which is not described herein.

As shown in fig. 10, the second dimming structure 20 is in a scattering state in the wide viewing angle mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is less than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a foggy state and has a light scattering effect. The first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 may be applied with no voltage signal or a voltage signal with a small voltage difference. Thereby enabling the display device to have a better wide viewing angle effect, and the degree of scattering of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

As for the application of the normal gray-scale driving signal by the frame display control box 30, the driving substrate 34 and the light emitting diode 35 are used to apply the gray-scale signals of 0-255, so that the frame display control box 30 can control the normal frame display in the wide viewing angle mode.

As shown in fig. 11, in the narrow viewing angle mode, the second dimming structure 20 is in a transparent state, i.e., a transmissive mode. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is greater than a second preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer 23 is in a transparent state. The voltage difference between the first electrode 211 and the second electrode 221 is preferably 7V-15V, so that the light passing through the second light modulating structure 20 does not change the emitting angle. And the degree of transparency of the second dimming structure 20 can be adjusted by the voltage signals applied to the first and

second electrodes

As for the application of the normal gray-scale driving signal by the frame display control box 30, the driving substrate 34 and the light emitting diode 35 are used to apply the gray-scale signals of 0-255, so that the frame display control box 30 can control the normal frame display in the narrow viewing angle mode.

Fig. 12 and 13 are schematic plan views illustrating a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to fig. 12 and 13, the display device is provided with a viewing angle switching key 60 for a user to send a viewing angle switching request to the display device. The view switching key 60 may be a physical key (as shown in fig. 12), or may be a software control or application program (APP) to implement a switching function (as shown in fig. 13, for example, a wide view and a narrow view are set by a slider). When a user needs to switch between a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle, a viewing angle switching request can be sent to the display device by operating the viewing angle switching key 60, and finally the driving chip 70 controls the electric signals applied to the first dimming structure 10 or/and the second dimming structure 20, so that the display device can realize the switching between the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle, when the display device is switched to the wide viewing angle, the driving method of the display device adopts a driving method corresponding to a wide angle mode, and when the display device is switched to the narrow viewing angle, the driving method of the display device adopts a driving method corresponding to a narrow viewing angle mode.

In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The display device with switchable visual angles is characterized by comprising a first dimming structure (10), a second dimming structure (20) and a picture display control box (30), wherein the first dimming structure, the second dimming structure and the picture display control box are arranged in a stacked mode;

the first dimming structure (10) comprises a first substrate (11), a second substrate (12) arranged opposite to the first substrate (11), and a first liquid crystal layer (13) positioned between the first substrate (11) and the second substrate (12), wherein an auxiliary electrode (111) is arranged on the first substrate (11), a first viewing angle control electrode (121) and a second viewing angle control electrode (122) matched with the first viewing angle control electrode (121) are arranged on the second substrate (12), and the first viewing angle control electrode (121) and the second viewing angle control electrode (122) are matched with the auxiliary electrode (111);

the second light adjusting structure (20) has a scattering mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure (20) is in a divergent state and a transmission mode in which light passing through the second light adjusting structure (20) is in a direct state;

the picture display control box (30) is used for controlling the gray scale of picture display.

2. The display device with switchable viewing angle according to claim 1, further comprising a backlight module (40), wherein the backlight module (40) is configured to provide a light source, and the frame display control box (30) comprises a color filter substrate (31), an array substrate (32) disposed opposite to the color filter substrate (31), and a second liquid crystal layer (33) located between the color filter substrate (31) and the array substrate (32);

the color film substrate (31) is provided with a first polarizer (51), the array substrate (32) is provided with a second polarizer (52), the second substrate (12) is provided with a third polarizer (53), and the light transmission axes of the first polarizer (51) and the third polarizer (53) are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the light transmission axis of the second polarizer (52).

3. The display device with switchable visual angles is characterized by comprising a first dimming structure (10), a second dimming structure (20) and a picture display control box (30), wherein the first dimming structure, the second dimming structure and the picture display control box are arranged in a stacked mode;

the first dimming structure (10) comprises a first peep-proof film (14) and a second peep-proof film (15) which are stacked mutually, the first peep-proof film (14) and the second peep-proof film (15) are used for reducing the range of light ray emission angles, and the light collection directions of the first peep-proof film (14) and the second peep-proof film (15) are mutually vertical;

4. The display device with switchable viewing angle according to claim 3, further comprising a backlight module (40), wherein the backlight module (40) is configured to provide a light source, and the frame display control box (30) comprises a color filter substrate (31), an array substrate (32) disposed opposite to the color filter substrate (31), and a second liquid crystal layer (33) located between the color filter substrate (31) and the array substrate (32);

the color film substrate (31) is provided with a first polarizer (51), the array substrate (32) is provided with a second polarizer (52), and the transmission axes of the first polarizer (51) and the second polarizer (52) are perpendicular to each other.

5. A switchable viewing angle display device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the second dimming structure (20) comprises a third substrate (21), a fourth substrate (22) disposed opposite to the third substrate (21), and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (23) disposed between the third substrate (21) and the fourth substrate (22), the third substrate (21) is provided with a first electrode (211), and the fourth substrate (22) is provided with a second electrode (221) cooperating with the first electrode (211);

in a scattering mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode (211) and the second electrode (221) is smaller than a first preset value, so that the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (23) is in a fog state and has an astigmatism effect;

in the transmissive mode, a voltage difference between the first electrode (211) and the second electrode (221) is greater than a second preset value, and the polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer (23) is in a transparent state.

6. A switchable viewing angle display device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the second dimming structure (20) comprises a third substrate (21), a fourth substrate (22) disposed opposite to the third substrate (21), and a third liquid crystal layer (24) disposed between the third substrate (21) and the fourth substrate (22), the third substrate (21) is provided with a first electrode (211), the fourth substrate (22) is provided with a second electrode (221) matching with the first electrode (211), and a side of the fourth substrate (22) facing the third liquid crystal layer (24) is provided with a plurality of protruding structures (222);

in a scattering mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode (211) and the second electrode (221) is smaller than a first preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer (24) is in a lying state, and the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer (24) is larger than that of the convex structures (222) and has an astigmatism effect;

in the transmission mode, the pressure difference between the first electrode (211) and the second electrode (221) is greater than a second preset value, so that the third liquid crystal layer (24) is in a vertical state, and the refractive index of the third liquid crystal layer (24) is equal to that of the convex structures (222).

7. A switchable viewing angle display device according to claim 6, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion structure (222) is a semi-circular structure or a triangular structure.

8. A switchable viewing angle display device according to claim 7, wherein the planar shape of the protrusion structure (222) is a strip structure, the protrusion structure (222) comprises a first rib (222a) and a second rib (222b), and the extending direction of the first rib (222a) and the extending direction of the second rib (222b) form an angle.

9. A switchable viewing angle display device according to claim 8, wherein the extending direction of the first rib (222a) and the extending direction of the second rib (222b) are perpendicular to each other.

10. The switchable viewing angle display device of claim 1 or 3, wherein the frame display control box (30) comprises a driving substrate (34), a plurality of light emitting diodes (35) disposed on the driving substrate (34), and a protective layer (36) covering the plurality of light emitting diodes (35), and the driving substrate (34) is configured to control the plurality of light emitting diodes (35) to display different gray scales.