CN203885627U - Knee surgery adjusting and fixing spreader - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a knee joint surgical adjustment and fixation spreader, which comprises: a foot posture adjustment fixer, which can continuously adjust and fix the position along the front and rear directions of the guide rail, and can rotate 360 degrees; the foot-thigh distance is fast. The fine adjustment device, the lower end of which is connected with the foot posture adjustment fixer, and the upper end is connected with the thigh posture fixer, this device can realize the quick adjustment and fine adjustment of the distance between the foot and the thigh along the up and down direction of the calf; the distance between the foot and the thigh The fast and fine adjustment device includes a quick adjustment lever mechanism whose lower end is fixed on the foot fixing boot, the upper part of the quick adjustment lever mechanism is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism, and the upper end of the fine adjustment mechanism is connected with the thigh posture fixer; the thigh posture fixer can accompany the foot The position adjustment fixer rotates. The utility model can continuously or temporarily fix and adjust the patient's knee joint under different flexion and extension and valgus angles, and can quickly and accurately adjust the position and angle of the patient's feet, calves, knee joints and thighs at any time.

Description

Knee surgery adjustment fixation spreader

technical field

The utility model relates to a surgical operation auxiliary instrument, in particular to a knee joint operation adjustment and fixation spreader.

Background technique

The knee joint is one of the most vulnerable joints in the human body. When the knee joint moves, there is contact and extrusion between the femur, tibia and patella. Trauma infection, strain, deformity or degenerative changes can easily cause knee joint lesions, such as anterior cruciate ligament injury, posterior cruciate ligament injury, intra-articular Fracture, meniscus injury and suppurative knee arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, lateral subluxation of patella, loose body of knee joint, etc. When conservative treatment fails, surgery becomes an important way to solve knee joint pain and dysfunction.

Since the 1970s, the development of artificial joints in basic research, design, production and clinical application has been very rapid, and knee joint surgery has been widely carried out. It is estimated that more than 500,000 people around the world receive artificial joint replacement and other related knee joint operations due to trauma, osteoarthritis, tumors, etc. every year. During the operation, the patient lies supine on the operating table, the affected limb is placed perpendicular to the operating table with the knee bent, and an incision is made at the knee joint. In order to facilitate the inspection of the affected area during the operation and provide space for surgical instruments, it is necessary to change and fix the range of flexion and extension of the affected limb and the angle of valgus and valgus at any time according to the surgical operation requirements of the surgeon. At present, during the operation, the patient's knee joint flexion and extension and the adjustment of valgus and valgus angles are all completed by the assistant, that is, the affected limb is moved and maintained at a specific position by manpower, and adjusted at any time according to the surgical needs. In this surgical environment, medical staff have high work intensity, high physical exertion, and it is difficult to guarantee the stability of the most important affected limb, and there are problems such as assistants' understanding of the operation, technical level, and cooperation degree of the operator. quality is greatly affected.

At present, most of the auxiliary devices for knee joint surgery at home and abroad have a fixed function, and the function is relatively single, which can be briefly summarized as follows:

The first category: only the adjustment and fixation of the patient's foot position, such as:

"A foot support for knee joint surgery", patent number: CN2668096Y;

"Extension and Flexion Adjustable Foot Positioner in Knee Joint Operation", Patent No.: CN102631273A;

"A Split Type Adjustable Knee Joint Fixator", Patent No.: CN201879833U;

"SURGICAL KNEE HOLDER", patent number: US4136858.

But as far as the operation process is concerned, although these utility models have realized the position change and determination within a certain stroke in the direction of the hospital bed, there are still the following problems:

1) It is impossible to fix any position in the stroke by adjusting the partial gear position, and the surgical adaptability is poor;

2) When changing the position of the foot, it is necessary to lift the patient's foot, which makes the operation complicated and inconvenient, increases the risk of secondary injury during the operation, and has low safety;

3) Arbitrary change and fixation of the posture of the foot cannot be realized, such as the left and right swing of the patient's calf in the width direction of the operating table.

The second category: only the adjustment and fixation of the position of the patient's calf, such as:

"Tibial Intramedullary Nail Fixation Support Frame", Patent No.: CN2880001Y;

However, as far as the operation process is concerned, although these utility models have realized the change and determination of the position of the patient's calf within a certain range, there are still the following problems:

1) Adjustment of partial gear positions cannot achieve fixation at any position within a certain range, and the surgical adaptability is poor;

2) During the adjustment operation, medical staff need to lift the patient's calf, which is tedious and laborious, increases the risk of secondary injury during the operation, and has low safety;

3) Since the positions of the patient's buttocks, feet and the adjustment mechanism are determined during the operation, the adjustment range of the calf is limited, and this type of design scheme cannot meet the needs of patients with different leg lengths.

The third category: It realizes the adjustment and fixation of the position of the patient's knee joint, and also indirectly realizes the position adjustment and fixation of the patient's calf and thigh, such as:

"Stent for lower limb surgery", patent number: CN202078397U;

"Knee joint support frame", patent number: CN202173556U;

"Special support for knee joint cavity puncture", patent number: CN202437599U;

"Joint support on the operating table", patent number: CN202497396U;

"A lower limb support for knee flexion surgery", patent number: CN202637125U;

But as far as the operation process is concerned, although these utility models have realized the change and determination of the position of the patient's knee joint within a certain range, they can only realize the simple change of the distance between the knee joint and the operating table or the adjustment of the angle between the calf and the thigh. Change, can not realize the fixation of any position and posture of the patient's feet, shanks and thighs within the scope of surgical operation requirements required in the operation.

Another example is the utility model "Knee Arthroscopic Surgical Bracket" (Patent No.: CN102499843A) of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. It cannot meet the needs of patients with different leg lengths, and does not consider the feelings of doctors and patients during the operation in a humane manner. Another example is the "Knee Arthroscopic Universal Bracket" (Patent No.: CN201437000U) held by Aipai (Guangzhou) Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., which is more perfect in the function of leg fixation, but the structure is complicated and the operation is complicated. It is easy to disassemble for disinfection and cleaning, which cannot meet the functional requirements of modern surgery.

At present, the more complete knee immobilizers are:

1. The knee joint immobilizer (patent No. US5462551) applied by James R.Bailey et al. in the United States has realized the movement, rotation and position fixation of the patient's foot within a certain range, but in the actual operation process, the patient's lower leg sometimes A fixed posture is required, and sometimes a small angle of twisting and swinging is required. This design cannot achieve a fixed posture of the calf.

2. The DeMayo Knee Positioner applied by Edward N. DeMayo in the United States (this design patent is a separate application, some patent numbers: US8048082B1, US7003827B2) realizes the movement, rotation and position fixation of the patient's feet within a certain range, and also completes the positioning of the patient's feet. Immobilization of the patient's leg. But there are still many deficiencies:

1) In this design, the position movement of the patient's foot is completed by the slider and the guide rail, and when it is fixed, the slider and the guide rail, and the slider and the foot fixing boot are synchronously locked, which is not conducive to the doctor's flexible control of the patient during the operation For example, the position of the control foot remains unchanged and the patient's calf is swung left and right.

2) The support adjustment part of this design is mainly composed of a manual adjustment lever and a pressure relief fine-tuning lever, which can only achieve one-level adjustment, and cannot realize small-scale adjustment at any time during the operation.

3) The operation process of the support adjustment part of this design is to go through the positioning first, and then release the pressure. That is, first control the manual adjustment lever to tighten the patient's thigh, and then release the pressure by the pressure relief fine-tuning lever after fixing. This design may cause the patient's ligaments to be strained during the tightening process. At the same time, the controllability of the adjustment range is poor, and the small range adjustment of the pressure relief fine-tuning lever cannot meet the needs of patients due to operations such as cutting collateral ligaments during the operation. distance adjustment requirements.

4) When the position of the patient's thigh needs to be changed, the position of the contact part of the entire device with the thigh cannot be changed accordingly, which will lead to unstable fixation due to too small contact area or too high pressure when facing patients with different leg lengths. Large, unable to maintain the smooth flow of blood in the patient's lower extremities.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and provide a knee joint surgically adjustable and fixed spreader, which can continuously or temporarily fix and adjust the patient's knee joint under different flexion, extension, and valgus angles. Body position adjustment can realize rapid and fine adjustment of the position and angle posture of the patient's feet, calves, knee joints and thighs at any time when facing different situations during the operation, and can ensure the safety of medical staff and patients during the operation. Safety and comfort, avoiding secondary injuries, ensuring the quality of surgery, reducing the waste of manpower and material resources, simple structure, easy disassembly and assembly, and convenient for disinfection.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

A knee joint surgery adjustment fixed spreader, comprising:

Foot posture adjustment fixer, which can continuously adjust and fix the position along the front and rear directions of the guide rail, and rotate 360 degrees;

The foot posture adjustment fixer includes a guide rail mechanism, the guide rail mechanism is provided with main and auxiliary sliders that are stuck on it and can reciprocate, and are hingedly connected. Directional position adjustment and fixed slider position fixer, the main and auxiliary sliders are also connected with the foot fixing boots through universal joints;

Foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device, its lower end is connected with the foot posture adjustment fixer, and the upper end is connected with the thigh posture fixer, this device can realize the quick and fine adjustment of the distance between the foot and the thigh along the up and down direction of the calf ;

The fast and fine adjustment device for the foot-thigh distance includes a quick adjustment lever mechanism whose lower end is fixed on the foot fixing boot, the upper part of the quick adjustment lever mechanism is connected with the fine adjustment mechanism, and the upper end of the fine adjustment mechanism is connected with the thigh posture fixer;

Thigh posture fixer, which can rotate along with the foot posture adjustment fixer;

The thigh posture fixer includes a saddle-shaped arc part matching the shape of the thigh part of the human body, and the back of the saddle-shaped arc part is connected with the upper end of the fine-tuning mechanism.

The guide rail includes a guide rail mechanism including a guide rail, and a groove-shaped guide rail fixer capable of juxtaposing the guide rail on the edge of the operating table is clamped on the side of the guide rail, and a first threaded hole is provided below the guide rail fixer, and screwed into the first threaded hole Bolts secure the rail to the operating table.

The bottom of the main slider is provided with double dovetail grooves that can be stuck on the guide rail structure, and the upper part is provided with a first boss symmetrically arranged with the auxiliary slider, and the first boss is hingedly connected with one side of the auxiliary slider ; The opposite surface of the first boss and the auxiliary slider is respectively provided with a hemispherical groove and a half through hole cut along the longitudinal direction; after the first boss and the auxiliary slider are bonded, the two The hemispherical groove and the two half through holes respectively form a spherical groove for accommodating the spherical knot at the lower end of the foot fixing shoe and a first through hole, and the lower end of the first through hole communicates with the second threaded hole on the double dovetail groove part ; The first through hole and the second threaded hole are provided with a slider position fixer; the boss and the auxiliary slider are also correspondingly provided with a foot fixing shoe for locking or loosening the aforementioned two Tighten the bolts.

The slider position fixer includes a hexagonal adjustment wrench and a friction block. The hexagonal adjustment wrench is an L-shaped hexagonal wrench. The upper end of the friction block has a hexagonal blind hole matched with the hexagonal wrench, and the lower end is in contact with the guide rail when the position of the guide rail is fixed. , the friction block is provided with an external thread that can be screwed into the second threaded hole.

The foot fixing boots are L-shaped as a whole, the horizontal part coincides with the foot of the human body, the vertical part is a calf fixing plate matching the curve of the human calf, and the outer side of the joint between the horizontal part and the vertical part is inclined downward. There is a spherical knot matching the spherical grooves on the main and auxiliary sliders; the outer side of the lower leg fixing plate is connected with a horizontally placed pipe-shaped cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with a blind thread that matches the quick-adjust lever mechanism. hole.

The quick adjustment rod mechanism includes a quick adjustment rod, the lower end of the quick adjustment rod is provided with a thread matched with the threaded blind hole, and the upper part of the quick adjustment rod is provided with a coaxial first blind hole with an upper opening , the length of the first blind hole meets the adjustment length requirements of the fine-tuning mechanism inserted therein, the upper end of the quick-adjusting rod is close to the end surface and there is a second through-hole arranged along its radial direction, and a rack gear matched with it is arranged in the second through-hole Block, the outer end of the rack block is connected with one end of the manual lever through a pin, and the manual lever is also connected with the outer surface of the quick-adjusting lever through a pin shaft and a return spring that is sleeved on the pin shaft; A fine adjustment mechanism in a blind hole is engaged.

The fine-tuning mechanism includes a fine-tuning screw and a connecting rod connected up and down. A shoulder extending horizontally outwards is provided on the outer edge of the upper end of the connecting rod, and a second blind hole with an upper end opening is provided in the upper half of the connecting rod. An inlaid bar is installed on the side of the middle part of the rod, and the inlaid bar has teeth at equal intervals, and the teeth can be meshed with the teeth on the rack stopper; In the blind hole, the fine adjustment screw rod is installed on the upper end of the connecting rod through the upper fine adjustment nut mechanism sleeved on the shaft shoulder, and the external thread of the upper half of the fine adjustment screw rod is screwed into the threaded through hole of the upper fine adjustment nut mechanism.

The fine-tuning nut mechanism includes a fine-tuning nut upper cover and a lower cover, the fine-tuning nut upper cover is a cylindrical shell, and the upper end surface has a threaded through hole, which is matched with the external thread of the fine-tuning screw rod; the fine-tuning nut upper cover and the A thrust ball bearing is installed between the shaft shoulders; the upper and lower covers of the fine adjustment nut are positioned through the shaft shoulders, and the upper and lower covers of the fine adjustment nut are connected as a whole through the connection holes with connecting screws.

The fine-tuning screw rod is rod-shaped, and one end is a flat body, and a through hole is drilled on the flat body, and the fastening bolt of the thigh pose fixer passes through the through hole to be connected with the thigh pose fixer.

The pitch of the fine-tuning screw is 1 mm, and the fine-tuning nut can be rotated one turn to push the fine-tuning screw out by 1 mm.

The back of the saddle-shaped arc is provided with two parallel second bosses, and the two second bosses are respectively provided with through holes and threaded holes, and the fastening bolts of the thigh posture fixer pass through the through holes The saddle-shaped arc is connected with the upper end of the fine-tuning mechanism with the threaded hole.

The utility model comprises a foot posture adjustment fixer, a foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device and a thigh posture fixer.

The foot posture adjustment fixer includes guide rails, main and auxiliary sliders, slider position fixers and foot fixing boots. The bottom surface of the guide rail is bolted on the operating table through the guide rail fixer, and the top is connected with the foot position adjustment fixer through double dovetails to realize the continuous reciprocating movement of the patient's foot in the direction of the guide rail; the upper end of the foot position adjustment fixer passes through two The hemispherical groove cooperates with the ball part of the foot fixing boot to form a universal joint that can be rotated and fixed in a 360-degree range, and at the same time realizes the connection between the main and auxiliary sliders and the foot fixing boot.

The main and auxiliary sliders include a main slider body, an auxiliary slider body, a hinge, a foot fixing shoe fastening bolt and a slider position fixer, etc. The lower part of the main slider body is a double dovetail groove, which is matched with the double dovetail guide rail. The upper part is a first boss, which includes a threaded hole in the width direction of the guide rail, a vertical semi-through hole on the bottom surface of the guide rail and a hemispherical groove. ; The auxiliary slider body includes a through hole in the width direction of the guide rail, a half through hole in the vertical direction on the bottom surface of the guide rail and a hemispherical groove. The main slider body and the auxiliary slider body are connected by hinges. When the main and auxiliary sliders are closed, the threaded holes in the width direction of the guide rail of the main slider body, the vertical half-through holes in the bottom surface of the guide rail and the through holes in the width direction of the guide rail of the auxiliary slider body, the vertical half-through holes in the bottom surface of the guide rail respectively correspond to the coaxial lines, and pass through the guide rails. The foot fixing boots in the width direction are fastened with bolts; the two hemispherical grooves on the main and auxiliary sliders combine to form a spherical groove, which cooperates with the ball of the foot fixing boots to form a spherical universal joint that can turn 360 degrees. When the two hemispheres clamp the sphere, the position of the foot fixing boot is fixed. The closed main and auxiliary sliders cooperate with the vertical direction hole on the bottom surface of the guide rail through the vertical direction slider position fixer on the bottom surface of the guide rail, so as to realize the position fixation of the foot posture adjustment fixer on the guide rail.

The slider position fixer consists of a hexagonal adjustment wrench and a friction block. The hexagonal adjustment wrench is an L-shaped hexagonal wrench. There is a hexagonal blind hole on one end surface of the friction block, which is matched with the hexagonal wrench. The other end is in contact with the guide rail when the position of the guide rail is fixed.

The foot immobilization boots are boot-shaped as a whole, designed according to the curve of the human foot and calf, and plastic foam is placed on the parts in contact with the human body, and the patient's calf and foot are fixed with the foot immobilization boots with medical bandages to fix the force point Mainly on the calf and foot above the ankle joint, the upper part of which is connected with the foot position adjustment fixer and the thigh position fixer, through the support effect of the foot fixation boots on the patient's sole and the friction effect of the bandage winding part, the brace When the tibia and femur are opened, the force on the patient's calf is distributed to the entire foot and calf, and the force on the ankle joint is very small, reducing the possibility of secondary injuries. The heel of the foot fixing boot (designed into a series of different specifications and models, which can be selected according to the different conditions of the patient) is connected with a cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is connected with a sphere, which is connected with the two hemispheres of the foot position adjustment fixator Cooperating with the grooves, it can realize the spatial rotation movement within a certain angle with the center of the sphere as the center and the length of the calf as the radius. The calf part of the foot fixing boot is connected with a pipe-shaped cylinder. There is an internal thread in the pipe, which cooperates with the external thread at the lower end of the quick adjustment rod to realize the connection between the foot position adjustment fixer and the foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device .

The foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device includes a quick adjustment part, a fine adjustment screw, a fine adjustment nut, a rack stopper and the like.

The quick adjustment part mainly includes a connecting rod and a quick adjustment rod. There is a coaxial blind hole and a shaft shoulder on the upper end of the connecting rod. The diameter of the blind hole is the same as the outer diameter of the threaded part of the fine adjustment screw, and the length meets the adjustment range of the fine adjustment screw during fine adjustment. The blind hole and the polished rod of the fine adjustment screw The parts are matched, and the middle is connected by the fine adjustment nut. The shaft shoulder is used to realize the positioning of the upper and lower covers of the fine adjustment nut; The rods are connected to each other to achieve quick adjustment; the lower end of the connecting rod cooperates with the blind hole of the quick-adjusting rod to realize the positioning of the connecting rod and the reciprocating movement within a certain range. The upper end surface of the quick adjustment rod is a coaxial blind hole, the diameter of the blind hole is the same as that of the connecting rod, and the length meets the adjustment range of the connecting rod during quick adjustment; The stopper is matched, and the rack stopper is connected with the manual lever and the return spring respectively through two pins, so that the position of the connecting rod in the blind hole on the upper end surface of the quick-adjustment rod can be changed and its position is fixed when the quick adjustment is realized, so as to realize quick adjustment; The end surface of the lower end of the adjusting rod is a section of thread, which cooperates with the connecting threaded hole on the foot fixing shoe to realize the connection of the quick adjusting rod and the foot fixing shoe.

The fine adjustment nut mainly includes the upper cover of the fine adjustment nut, the thrust ball bearing, the lower cover of the fine adjustment nut, and the connecting screw. The upper cover of the fine adjustment nut is a cylindrical shell with a threaded through hole on the upper end surface, which is matched with the threaded part of the fine adjustment screw; the upper and lower covers of the fine adjustment nut are positioned through the shaft shoulder of the connecting rod and connected by connecting screws; on the fine adjustment nut A thrust ball bearing is installed between the cover and the shaft shoulder to reduce the friction between the upper cover of the fine adjustment nut and the shaft shoulder during fine adjustment.

The upper end of the fine adjustment screw is a flat body, with a through hole drilled on it, which is connected with the thigh posture fixer through the fastening bolt of the thigh posture fixer; the middle section is threaded, and is threaded with the threaded through hole on the upper cover of the fine adjustment nut; the lower end It is a guide polished rod matched with the blind hole of the connecting rod.

The foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device adjusts the distance between the patient's ankle joint and the thigh, that is, the distance between the femur and tibia joint, through quick adjustment and fine adjustment control before the operation begins, and realizes the functions of knee joint expansion and adjustment. During the operation, according to the specific situation, the doctor can further adjust the fine-tuning part to make a small change in the distance between the patient's foot and thigh, and fine-tune the distance between the patient's femur and tibia, that is, to realize the function of opening the knee joint. . Since the primary and secondary ligaments and soft tissues on the knee joint have certain elasticity during the knee joint operation, the distraction function is only to keep the ligaments in a tense state and provide a relatively stable environment for the knee joint surgery wound. When opening the operation, every time the fine adjustment nut is rotated one week, it can only be opened by a small distance (≤1mm). Therefore, the risk of secondary injury during the distraction process is very small, which meets the needs of surgical safety.

The thigh pose fixer includes the thigh pose fixer and fastening bolts, and is used for the connection of the foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device and the thigh pose fixer. The thigh posture fixer (the thigh posture fixer is designed into a series of different specifications and models, which can be selected according to the different conditions of the patient) and the patient's thigh contact part is designed to be arc-shaped according to the shape of the human thigh, and is fixed with the patient's thigh with a bandage; The fine-tuning screw rod is connected through a hinge, and is fastened with the fastening bolt of the thigh posture fixer.

On the basis of the traditional knee joint fixator, the utility model comprehensively integrates various functions such as adjustment of different postures, fixation and expansion required in the operation process of the knee joint. The knee joint surgical adjustment and fixation spreader is mainly composed of a foot posture adjustment fixer, a foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device and a thigh posture fixer. Solved the problem to be solved urgently in the traditional design scheme, set forth respectively by three parts of the present utility model below:

1) Superior to the traditional auxiliary equipment for knee joint surgery, the foot posture adjustment fixer realizes the continuous reciprocating movement of the patient's foot in the direction of the guide rail and the fixation at any position; the 360-degree rotation and position of the foot are realized through the spherical universal joint Fixed; Realize the separate adjustment and fixation of the spatial position of the guide rail and the slider, the slider and the patient's foot; during the adjustment process, there is no need to lift the patient's affected limb; the series of foot fixing boots can meet the needs of patients with different foot sizes It is necessary to ensure that the patient's ankle is less stressed, and to meet the safety requirements of the operation; to realize the rotation of the foot fixed boot within a certain range of space and the fixation at any position within this range.

Specifically, the role of the guide rail is to realize the reciprocating movement of the patient's foot in the direction of the guide rail. This movement is continuous. Compared with the gear design in the traditional design, it solves the problem that the patient's foot cannot achieve any position within a certain range. Fix the problem; the slider matching the guide rail adopts the design of the main slider and the auxiliary slider, abandoning the previous synchronous locking structure, and adopts two fastening bolts in the vertical direction of the bottom surface of the guide rail and the width direction of the guide rail. The solid solution can independently realize the adjustment and fixation of the spatial position of the guide rail and the slider and the spatial position of the slider and the patient's foot, which solves the problem that the patient may not be satisfied when the spatial position of the guide rail and the slider is determined during the actual operation. The calf sometimes needs to be fixed in posture, and sometimes needs to be twisted and swayed at a small angle, and in the adjustment process, there is no need to lift the patient's affected limb, the operation is simple and labor-saving, and secondary injuries are avoided.

The hemispherical grooves on the main and auxiliary sliders cooperate with the sphere of the foot fixing boots to form a universal joint that can realize 360-degree rotation and adjustment, and realize the 360-degree rotation and position fixation of the feet; the foot fixing boots conform to the ergonomics It is scientifically designed and has a series of different specifications and models for patients in different situations to choose from, which can meet the needs of patients with different sizes of feet and solve the problem of versatility; Good fit closely with the patient's feet, which increases the comfort of the patient; the part where the foot fixation boot contacts the patient's foot is shorter than the length of the patient's foot, and the length of the part where the foot fixation boot contacts the calf is about Two-thirds of the length of the patient's calf, the place where the patient's foot and calf are in contact with the foot fixed boot is all wrapped together by a medical elastic bandage, so that due to the large contact area between the bandage and the leg, the lower end of the tibia and femur can be stretched The fixed force point of the device is mainly on the upper part of the patient's ankle joint, so that most of the force on the patient's calf is offset by the friction between the bandage and the calf, and a small part is added to the ankle joint, which ensures that the patient's ankle is less stressed , to meet the safety requirements of the operation; the part connecting the foot fixing boot and the slider is designed as a sphere, which matches the spherical groove on the slider, so that not only the rotation of the foot fixing boot within a certain range of space is realized, but also Any position within this range can be fixed, which can fully meet the doctor's operation needs.

2) Superior to the traditional auxiliary equipment for knee joint surgery, the fast and fine adjustment device of the foot-thigh distance adopts the method of under-positioning and then pressure, which has high safety; it realizes quick adjustment, which is convenient and quick, and makes a spreader It can meet the needs of patients with different leg lengths; it realizes slow adjustment, which is used to compensate for the margin after quick adjustment, and has high precision; it can realize the femoral and tibial connection at any time during the operation, and the operability is improved.

Specifically, the fast and fine adjustment device for the foot-thigh distance is divided into a quick adjustment part and a fine adjustment part, and realizes two-level adjustment. In the quick adjustment part, the manual lever can control the rack stopper. Lifting and lowering the rack stopper can block the rack. When the rack stopper is lifted, the upper part of the connecting rod can quickly move to the designated position, and the rack After the bar stopper is put down, the position is fixed, which realizes the quick adjustment function that the traditional design does not have. At the same time, one spreader can meet the needs of patients with different leg lengths, which solves the problem of versatility. There is an internal thread with a pitch of 1mm at the connection between the fine-tuning nut and the fine-tuning screw in the fine-tuning part, and the fine-tuning screw can be pushed out by 1mm by rotating the fine-tuning nut one turn to realize the margin compensation after quick adjustment, and the adjustment range is 20mm , This design has a large adjustment range, and the adjustment is controllable, which solves the problem of distance adjustment requirements caused by incision of collateral ligaments and other operations during the operation. In addition, when in use, first install the foot-thigh distance quick and fine adjustment device, press down the manual lever, you can extend and shorten the upper support rod, and release the manual lever when it reaches a suitable position according to the patient's leg length , the rack stopper can block the rack on the upper support rod, which determines the approximate length of the foot-thigh distance fast fine-adjustment device, after that, turn the fine-adjustment part of the fine-adjustment nut to realize the operation before the operation begins. The spreader is tight against the patient's thigh. During the operation, according to the specific situation, the doctor can further adjust the fine-tuning part to make a small change in the distance between the patient's foot and thigh, and indirectly change the distance between the patient's femur and tibia, that is, realize the knee joint. Open function. This two-level control method overcomes the risk of damage to the patient's knee joint in the existing fixer, and most importantly, it can realize the expansion of the joint between the femur and the tibia at any time during the operation. This design is more in line with the actual operation process, and the operability is enhanced.

3) Superior to the traditional auxiliary equipment for knee joint surgery, the thigh position and posture fixer avoids the insufficient blood supply of the patient's lower limbs during the operation; the thigh position and posture fixer is serialized, and the versatility is improved; it ensures that the thigh position and posture can be fixed under any circumstances The device and the affected limb are joined with the largest contact area, the pressure on the affected limb is small, and the secondary injury during the operation is avoided.

Specifically, the function of the thigh posture fixer is to realize the contact between the spreader and the patient's thigh (the specific position depends on the actual operation process, about 2/3 of the thigh is close to the knee joint), and the spreader The force is transmitted to the patient's thigh, which then transmits the force to the femur, and then transmits the force to the tibia through the uncut ligament and soft tissue on the knee joint during the operation to realize the expansion of the knee joint. Compared with existing products, the advantage of this thigh posture fixer is: 1) the place in contact with the patient's thigh is designed to fit with the shape of the leg, and the medical plastic foam is padded, and the thigh is covered with a medical bandage. The posture fixer is bundled with the leg, which increases the contact area between the thigh posture fixer and the affected limb, avoids insufficient blood supply to the lower limb during surgery, and also satisfies the reliability, safety and comfort of the fixation. 2) The thigh position and posture fixer is designed into a series of different specifications and models, which can be selected according to the different conditions of the patient, and has strong versatility. The direction can be rotated, and it can be fixed at any position, so that when facing patients with different physiological conditions, it can ensure that the thigh posture fixer is engaged with the affected limb with the largest contact area, which solves the problem of patients with different leg lengths. The contact area that occurs is too small, resulting in unstable fixation, or the pressure is too high, which cannot maintain the smooth flow of blood in the patient's lower limbs.

In summary, the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1) The function is more perfect, which combines the functions of the aforementioned traditional auxiliary equipment for knee joint surgery and improves them: the slider of the foot posture adjustment fixer cooperates with the guide rail, which realizes the stepless continuous movement of the patient's foot in the front and rear directions of the guide rail. Position fixation; the universal joint formed by the combination of the spherical groove of the foot posture adjustment fixer and the ball of the foot fixing boot can realize 360-degree rotation and position fixation of the foot, and indirectly realize the adjustment and fixation of the calf at any position in space The supporting effect of the foot fixing boot on the sole of the patient's foot and the friction effect of the bandage wrapping part make the force on the patient's calf spread to the entire foot and calf when the tibia and femur are stretched, reducing the impact on the ankle joint. The possibility of secondary injury; the foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device realizes the quick adjustment and fine adjustment of the foot-thigh distance through the cooperation of the quick adjustment rod, connecting rod, and fine adjustment screw; further adjust the fine adjustment during the operation part, the distance between the patient's feet and thighs is slightly changed, indirectly changing the distance between the patient's femur and tibia, and realizing the function of opening the knee joint; the thigh posture fixer can be adjusted and fixed along with the foot posture The rotation of the device realizes the adjustment and fixation of the thigh part at any position.

2) It can flexibly meet the various needs of doctors during surgery, and has strong operability: the foot position adjustment fixer, the foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device adopt a graded adjustment method, and more positions of the affected limb can be fixed; the foot - The fast and fine adjustment device for thigh spacing is easy to operate, and can be quickly adjusted to the designated position. The fine adjustment part has a large adjustment range, and the adjustment accuracy fully meets the needs of surgery. The adjustment process is safe and controllable.

3) High surgical safety: It realizes the foot-thigh distance adjustment method of under-positioning and then pressure. When using, first adjust the quick adjustment part to the approximate position and then realize the margin compensation through the fine adjustment part, and realize the operation at the same time. During the process, the distance of the knee joint is controlled. This two-stage control method greatly reduces the risk of the existing fixer damaging the patient's knee joint; the thigh posture fixer can form a plane around the femur and tibia when the patient bends the knee When facing patients with different physiological conditions, it can ensure that the thigh posture fixer is engaged with the affected limb with the largest contact area, which solves the problem that the contact area is too small when facing patients with different leg lengths, resulting in If the fixation is unstable, or the pressure is too high, it cannot maintain the smooth flow of blood in the patient's lower limbs, so as to ensure the safety of the operation process and avoid the risk of secondary injury.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foot position adjustment fixer;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foot fixing boot;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-adjust lever;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting rod and the fine-tuning screw;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thigh posture fixer;

Among them, 1. Thigh posture fixer, 2. Fine adjustment screw, 3. Rack stopper, 4. Quick adjustment lever, 5. Foot fixing boots, 6. Main slider, 7. Slider position fixer, 8. Guide rail fixing bolts, 9. Auxiliary slider, 10. Foot fixing shoe fastening bolts, 11. Guide rail, 12. Guide rail holder, 13. Manual lever, 14. Connecting rod, 15. Fine adjustment nut lower cover, 16. Fine adjustment nut upper cover, 17. Tightening bolts of the thigh posture fixer, 18. Double dovetail slots, 19. Boss I, 20. Thread through hole I, 21. Compound hole (the upper part is on the boss I The upper part is a half-through hole matched with the half-through hole of the auxiliary slider cut along the symmetrical plane, and the lower part is a threaded hole on the double dovetail), 22. Hemispherical groove I, 23. Hexagonal adjustment wrench, 24. Hinge, 25. Hemispherical groove Ⅱ, 26. Semi-through hole, 27. Through hole Ⅰ, 28. Handwheel Ⅰ, 29. External thread Ⅰ, 31. Friction block, 32. Hexagonal blind hole, 33. External Thread Ⅱ, 34. Round platform, 36. Calf fixing plate, 37. Pipe-shaped cylinder, 38. Sphere, 40. External thread Ⅲ, 41. Pin Ⅰ, 42. Spring, 45. Pin Ⅱ, 46. Through hole Ⅱ, 47. Through hole III, 50. Connecting screw hole (connecting screw omitted and not shown) 52. Shaft shoulder, 53. Thrust ball bearing, 55. Flat body, 56. Through hole IV, 57. External thread IV, 58. Thread Through hole II, 59. Inlay, 60. External thread V, 61. Hand wheel II, 62. Saddle arc, 63. Boss II, 64. Thread through hole III, 65. Blind hole V.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

As shown in Fig. 1, the knee joint surgery adjustment and fixation spreader includes a foot position adjustment fixer, a foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device and a thigh position fixer from bottom to top.

Foot posture adjustment fixer comprises guide rail 11, main and auxiliary slide block (by main slide block 6, secondary slide block 9, foot fixing boot fastening bolt 10 etc. to form) and foot fixing boot 5 again. The guide rail includes a guide rail fixing bolt 8, a guide rail holder 12 and a guide rail 11; when in use, the guide rail 11 is placed on the operating table, the edge of the guide rail is aligned with the edge of the operating table, and two guide rail holders 12 and the guide rail holder are installed at both ends of the guide rail There are threaded holes matched with the guide rail fixing bolts 8 on the 12, and the guide rail 11 is fixed on the operating table by tightening the four guide rail fixing bolts 8. The foot posture adjustment fixer includes the main slider 6, the auxiliary slider 9, the foot fixing boot fastening bolt 10, and the slider position fixer 7; the main slider 6 and the auxiliary slider 9 are hinged, and are installed as shown in the operation Afterwards, the position of the foot posture adjustment fixture on the guide rail can be fixed by the foot fixing shoe fastening bolt 10, and the fixing of the foot fixing shoe 5 posture can be realized by the foot fixing shoe fastening bolt 10. The specific structure is as shown in the figure 2.

Specifically, the foot posture adjustment fixture shown in Figure 2 includes a main slider body (by double dovetail grooves 18, boss I19, threaded through hole I20, composite hole 21 (the upper part is on the boss I19, for along The semi-through hole 26 that is cut on the symmetrical plane and matched with the half-through hole of the auxiliary slider. Groove II 25, semi-through hole 26, through hole I 27), hinge 24, foot fixing shoe fastening bolt 10 (including handwheel I 28, external thread I 29, etc.) and slider position fixer 7 (including hexagonal adjustment wrench 23 And friction block 31). The lower part of the main slider body is a double dovetail groove 18, which cooperates with the double dovetail guide rail to realize the reciprocating movement in the direction of the guide rail; the upper part is a boss I19, and the boss I19 includes a threaded hole I20, a composite hole 21 and a hemispherical groove I22. The auxiliary slider body is a cuboid with the same length, width and height as the boss I19, which includes a through hole I27, a half through hole 26 and a hemispherical groove II25. The hemispherical groove I22 on the main slider cooperates with the hemispherical groove II25 on the auxiliary slider to form a spherical groove, which cooperates with the spheroid 38 (see Figure 3) of the foot fixing boot to form a universal joint.

The main slider body and the auxiliary slider body are connected by a hinge 24 . When the main and auxiliary sliders are closed, the threaded hole I20 of the main slider body is coaxial with the through hole I27 of the auxiliary slider body, and is matched with the fastening bolt 10 of the foot fixing boot, and the foot fixing boot is tightened by turning counterclockwise during the operation. Hand wheel I 28 of the bolt 10 (loosen the fastening bolt 10 of the foot fixing boot), then the spherical knot 38 (see Figure 3) of the foot fixing boot can rotate within a certain range in the groove to realize the posture of the patient's foot. If you turn the hand wheel I28 clockwise during the operation (tighten the foot-fixing shoe fastening bolt 10), the force will be transmitted to the hemisphere through the external thread I29 and the threaded hole I20 on the foot-fixing shoe fastening bolt 10. On the grooves 22 and 25, the ball 38 is clamped (see Figure 3) to fix the posture of the patient's feet.

The composite hole 21 of the main slider and the semi-through hole 26 of the auxiliary slider correspond to the coaxial line respectively, and cooperate with the slider position fixer 7 (including the hexagonal adjustment wrench 23 and the friction block 31), and the position of the slider is twisted counterclockwise during the operation. The hexagonal adjustment wrench 23 of the fixer (loosen the slide block position fixer), then the slide block can reciprocate on the guide rail to realize the adjustment of the patient's foot position. If the slide block position is twisted clockwise during the operation The hexagonal adjustment wrench 23 of the fixer (tighten the slider position fixer), then the hexagonal cylinder of the hexagonal adjustment wrench 23 is matched with the hexagonal blind hole 32 of the friction block 31 (easy to disassemble), and the force is transmitted to the external thread On the Ⅱ33, the external thread Ⅱ33 is matched with the thread of the compound hole, so that the round platform 34 at the bottom of the friction block 31 is protruded to the vertical direction of the bottom surface of the rail, and the rail is pressed tightly, so that the slider can be fixed on the rail; The external thread I29 and the threaded hole I20 on the fastening bolt 10 transmit the force to the hemispherical grooves 22, 25 to clamp the sphere 38 (see FIG. 3 ), so as to fix the posture of the patient's foot.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foot fixing boot. The foot fixing boot 5 is boot-shaped, and its calf fixing plate 36 is designed according to the curve of the human body's calf. When in use, plastic foam is placed on the pad, and the patient's feet and shanks are all entangled with the places where the foot fixing boot contacts by medical elastic bandages. , due to the large contact area between the calf bandage and the leg, when the tibia and femur are stretched, the fixed stress point at the lower end is mainly on the upper part of the patient's ankle joint, and most of the force in the calf direction is caused by the friction between the bandage and the calf when stretched The offset ensures that the patient's ankle is less stressed and protects the ankle joint from damage. The shank fixing plate 36 of the foot fixing boot 5 is connected with a pipe-shaped cylinder 37. There is a threaded blind hole at the pipe, which cooperates with the external thread III40 (see Fig. 4) of the quick-adjusting lever to realize the adjustment of the foot position and the fixer and Foot-thigh distance quick-fine-adjustment joint. A section of cylinder is connected at the heel of foot fixing boot 5, and the other end of cylinder is connected with sphere 38, and this sphere cooperates with two hemispherical grooves 22,25 (seeing Fig. 2) of foot posture adjustment fixer, It can realize the spatial rotation movement within a certain angle with the center of the sphere as the center and the length of the calf as the radius.

As shown in Figure 1 , the foot-thigh distance fast and fine adjustment device includes a connecting rod 14, a quick adjustment rod 4, a fine adjustment nut (including a fine adjustment nut lower cover 15 and a fine adjustment nut upper cover 16) and a fine adjustment screw rod 2.

Specifically, FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the quick adjustment lever. The upper end surface of the quick adjustment rod 4 is a coaxial blind hole (intersecting with the through hole II46, not marked in the figure), the diameter of the blind hole is the same as that of the connecting rod 14, and the length meets the requirements of the connecting rod 14 (see Figure 5) during quick adjustment. The adjustment range needs; there is a through hole II46 at the upper end of the quick adjustment rod close to the end face, and the through hole is matched with the rack stopper 3 . The rack stopper 3 is connected with the manual lever 13 by the pin II45, and the rack stopper 3 is connected with the outer surface of the quick adjustment lever 4 by the pin I41 passing through the return spring 42 and the through hole III47.

During the operation, the manual lever 13 is depressed, and the rack stopper 3 is driven radially outward by the pin II 45 to move toward the radially outward direction of the quick-adjusting lever, and the spring 42 is squeezed so that the connecting rod 14 (see Fig. 5 ) is on the quick-adjusting lever. The blind hole on the end face can reciprocate, which realizes the fast and fine adjustment of the foot-thigh distance to the required length, and quickly adapts to the needs of patients with different leg lengths. After reaching the designated position, release the manual lever 13 under the action of the spring 42, the manual lever 13 resets, the teeth of the rack stopper 3 are stuck on the insert 59 of the connecting rod 14 (see Figure 5), and the fixing of the position is realized; The lower end face of the quick-adjusting rod is external thread III40, which matches the threaded blind hole on the pipe on the foot-fixing boot. Before the operation begins, the foot-fixing boot and the quick-adjusting rod are threaded together.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting rod and the fine-tuning screw. The upper end surface of the connecting rod is a coaxial blind hole and a shaft shoulder 52. The diameter of the blind hole is the same as the outer diameter of the external thread IV 57 of the fine adjustment screw, and the length meets the adjustment stroke requirements of the fine adjustment screw 2 during fine adjustment. The blind hole and the fine adjustment screw 2 The polished rod part is matched, and the center is connected by a fine adjustment nut (made up of a fine adjustment nut lower cover 15, a thrust ball bearing 53, and a fine adjustment nut upper cover 16). The upper cover 16 of the fine adjustment nut is a cylindrical shell with a threaded through hole 58 on the upper end, which is matched with the external thread IV 57 of the fine adjustment screw 2; a thrust ball is installed between the upper cover 16 of the fine adjustment nut and the shaft shoulder 52 The bearing 53 is used to reduce the friction between the upper cover of the fine adjustment nut and the shaft shoulder during fine adjustment; the upper and lower covers of the fine adjustment nut are positioned by the shaft shoulder 52, and the fine adjustment nut is connected as a whole through the coupling hole 50 with connecting screws.

When in use, the fine adjustment nut is rotated, and the fine adjustment screw rod 2 is moved inward or outward through the cooperation of the external thread IV57 and the threaded through hole 58 . The screw pitch is 1mm, and the fine-adjustment screw can be pushed out by 1mm by rotating the fine-adjustment nut one turn to realize the margin compensation after quick adjustment. The adjustment range is 20mm, which meets the fine adjustment during the operation. The middle part of connecting rod 14 is equipped with an inlay 59, and the inlay has equidistant teeth, which are connected with the quick adjustment lever 4 (see Fig. 4) by the rack stopper 3 to realize quick adjustment. The fine adjustment screw rod 2 is rod-shaped, and one end is a flat body 55, and the flat body 55 is drilled with a through hole IV 56, which is connected with the thigh posture fixer 1 by the thigh posture fixer fastening bolt 17. The lower end of the flat body is an external thread Ⅳ57, which is matched with the threaded through hole Ⅱ58 on the upper cover of the fine adjustment nut. The other end of the fine adjustment screw 2 is a section of guide light rod matched with the blind hole of the connecting rod.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the thigh posture fixer includes a saddle-shaped arc part 62 and the thigh posture fixer fastening bolt 17 . Specifically, FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the thigh posture fixer. The contact part of the saddle-shaped arc part 62 and the patient's thigh is designed into a saddle-shaped arc according to the shape of the human thigh. There are two bosses II63 in its lower part, which are used to provide support for the fastening bolt 17 of the thigh posture fixer (by external thread V60 and handwheel II61). There are threaded through holes III64 and blind holes V65 at corresponding positions on the boss II63 (the blind holes V65 are close to the handwheel II61 of the fastening bolt of the thigh posture fixer). During installation, the screw part of the fastening bolt of the thigh posture fixer passes through the blind hole V65, the through hole IV56 of the fine adjustment screw 2 (see Figure 5) and the threaded through hole III64 to match, and the whole part forms a hinge.

Before the operation starts, use a medical bandage to tie the arc-shaped part of the thigh posture fixer 62 to about 2/3 of the patient's thigh near the knee joint, and turn the hand wheel II 61 counterclockwise (loosen the thigh posture fixer to fasten it). bolt), then the thigh pose fixer can rotate around the axis of the fastening bolt of the thigh pose fixer; turn the hand wheel Ⅱ61 clockwise (tighten the thigh pose fixer fastening bolt), the position of the thigh pose fixer is determined, Then the position of the patient's thigh is determined accordingly to meet the actual operation needs.

Although the specific implementation of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that on the basis of the technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art do not need to Various modifications or deformations that can be made with creative efforts are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. knee surgery regulates a fixedly dilator, it is characterized in that, comprising:

Foot's pose adjustable fixer, it can regulate and fixing, also 360 degree rotations along guide rail fore-and-aft direction position stepless continuous;

Described foot pose adjustable fixer comprises guide rail mechanism, guide rail mechanism is provided with card thereon and major and minor slide block that can reciprocating hinge-coupled, major and minor slide block is provided with and can makes the position adjustments of its fore-and-aft direction on guide rail and fixing slide position holder, on major and minor slide block also by universal joint and foot fixedly boots be connected;

The fast fine tuning device of foot-thigh spacing, its lower end is connected with foot pose adjustable fixer, and upper end is connected with thigh pose holder, and this device can be realized along shank above-below direction the fast mediation fine tuning of spacing between foot and thigh;

The fast fine tuning device of described foot-thigh spacing comprises that lower end is fixed on the fixedly fast tune linkage on boots of foot, adjusts soon linkage top to be connected with micro-adjusting mechanism, and micro-adjusting mechanism upper end is connected with thigh pose holder;

Thigh pose holder, it can follow foot's pose adjustable fixer to rotate;

Described thigh pose holder comprises a saddle arcuate member matching with human upper leg minute shape, and the back side of saddle arcuate member is connected with micro-adjusting mechanism upper end.

2. dilator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described guide rail comprises that guide rail mechanism comprises guide rail, on guide rail side, be connected with a groove shape guide rail holder that guide rail can be listed in operating table edge, and below guide rail holder, be provided with the first screwed hole, in the first screwed hole, screw in bolt guide rail is fixed on operating-table.

3. dilator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described master slider is provided with the double swallow tailed groove that can be stuck on guide rail structure, and top is provided with first boss being arranged symmetrically with secondary slide block, a side hinge-coupled of the first boss and secondary slide block; Corresponding half through hole that is provided with hemispherical groove and longitudinally cuts open respectively longitudinally on the first boss face relative with secondary slide block; After described the first boss and the laminating of secondary slide block, two hemispherical groove and two half through holes form respectively one and hold foot fixedly ball recess and first through hole of boots lower end spherical junctions, and the first through hole lower end communicates with the second screwed hole in double swallow tailed groove part; In described the first through hole and the second screwed hole, be provided with slide position holder; Also correspondingly on described boss and secondary slide block be provided with one for locking or unclamping aforementioned both the fixing boots fastening bolt of foot.

4. dilator as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described slide position holder comprises that hexagonal regulates spanner and brake pad, it is L-type die nut that hexagonal regulates spanner, there is a hexagonal blind hole matching with die nut the upper end of brake pad, lower end contacts with guide rail fixedly time at guide rail position, and brake pad is provided with the external screw thread that can screw in the second screwed hole.

5. dilator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described foot fixedly boots comprises whole L-shaped, the foot of horizontal component and human body matches, the shank fixing head of vertical portion for matching with human body shank curve, be tilted to outside horizontal component and vertical portion junction have one with major and minor slide block on the spherical junctions that matches of ball recess; The outside of shank fixing head connects the tobacco pipe shape cylinder of a horizontal positioned, and this cylinder is provided with the tapped blind hole matching with fast tune linkage.

6. dilator as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described fast tune linkage comprises a fast bar of adjusting, the fast bar lower end of adjusting is provided with the screw thread matching with described tapped blind hole, in the first half of fast tune bar, be provided with the first blind hole of the coaxial line of upper opening, the length of the first blind hole meets the adjusting length needs that insert micro-adjusting mechanism wherein, fast tune bar upper end approaches end the second through hole radially arranging along it, in the second through hole, be provided with the tooth bar block matching with it, tooth bar block outer end connects by pin with hand lever one end, hand lever is also connected by bearing pin and the back-moving spring that is enclosed within on bearing pin with fast tune rod outer surface, tooth bar block is also meshed with the micro-adjusting mechanism stretching in the first blind hole.

7. dilator as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described micro-adjusting mechanism comprises fine tuning screw rod and the connecting rod connecting up and down, outer, described connecting rod upper end is provided with the shaft shoulder horizontally outward extending, in connecting rod the first half, be provided with the second blind hole of upper end open, connecting rod mid portion is provided with panel on side, has equally spaced tooth on panel, and this tooth can be meshed with the tooth on described tooth bar block; The polished rod of the latter half of fine tuning screw rod extend in this second blind hole, and fine tuning screw rod is installed on connecting rod upper end through being enclosed within the upper fine tuning nut body of the shaft shoulder, in the tapped through hole that screws into fine tuning nut body of fine tuning screw rod the first half.

8. dilator as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described fine tuning nut body comprises fine tuning nut upper and lower cover, and fine tuning nut upper cover is Cylinder Shell, and there is tapped through hole upper surface, matches with the external screw thread of fine tuning screw rod; Between fine tuning nut upper cover and the shaft shoulder, a thrust ball bearing is installed; Fine tuning nut upper and lower cover is located by the shaft shoulder, with joint bolt, by connection holes, fine tuning nut upper and lower cover is connected as one.

9. dilator as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described fine tuning screw rod is shaft-like, and one end is thallus, is drilled with through hole on thallus, by thigh pose holder fastening bolt, through this through hole, is connected with thigh pose holder; The pitch of described fine tuning screw rod is 1mm, and rotation fine tuning nut one circle, can release 1mm by fine tuning screw rod.

10. dilator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the back side of described saddle arcuate member is provided with two the second parallel boss, on two the second boss, correspondence is provided with through hole and screwed hole respectively, and thigh pose holder fastening bolt is connected saddle arcuate member with screwed hole through this through hole with micro-adjusting mechanism upper end.