CN203625725U - Device for reducing rail vibration hazards - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for reducing rail vibration hazards comprises a roadbed, a main vibration-reduction rubber mat, a second spring damping vibration-reduction piece, a floating body, a sub vibration-reduction rubber mat, a first wear-resistant protection layer, a first spring damping vibration-reduction piece, a support, a second wear-resistant protection layer and a gasket. The roadbed is a concave-cavity body formed by concrete, the concave-cavity body is composed of a bottom plate and two side plates which are the same in shape and size, the floating body is triangular-prism body formed by concrete and provided with a right-triangular section or a quadrangular body formed by concrete and provided with a right-trapezoid section, the support is a s triangular-prism body formed by concrete and provided with a right-triangular section or a quadrangular body formed by concrete and provided with a right-trapezoid section, and the section of the support is similar to the section of the floating body in shape and larger than the section of the floating body in area.

Description

A kind of device that reduces rail vibrations harm

Technical field

The utility model belongs to traffic and transport field, particularly a kind of in railway transport course, reduces the device of rail vibrations harm.

Background technology

Along with socioeconomic fast development, people's living standard constantly improves, and the requirement of speed, comfortableness and safety to railway locomotive when trip is also in continuous raising.Due to the continuous lifting of train running speed, the vibrations that produce when train operation also increase thereupon, and the harmful effect that surrounding environment is caused is also increasing, therefore, offset the shock mitigation system endangering except rail vibrations and have higher requirement.

In order to reduce the impact of the train vibrations that rail produces in running on surrounding environment, prior art mainly adopts floating plate technology, and mounting spring floating plate on ground, is fixed on sleeper and rail on floating plate.Although the setting of spring floating plate makes rail vibrations reduce to some extent the impact of surrounding environment, but can not effectively eliminate rail and shake the harm that surrounding environment is brought, because spring floating plate just carries out certain buffering along the direction of rail vibrations, the small size vibrations of repeatability after spring floating plate are set and still exist.In addition, the rubber buffer between rail and sleeper mostly is the cuboid of standard, and the direction that is easy to move along train under the high-frequency vibration of rail comes off, and causes the coup injury of rail to sleeper, has reduced the safety of railway transportation.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of device that reduces rail vibrations harm is provided, to can reduce efficiently and safely the vibrations of rail, significantly reduces the appearance of repeatability vibrations.

The device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, comprises roadbed, main yielding rubber pad, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, floating body, secondary yielding rubber pad, the first wear-resistant protecting layer, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part, supporter, the second wear-resistant protecting layer and pad, described roadbed is the cavity body with concrete formation, this cavity body is made up of base plate and two shapes, measure-alike side plate, described floating body is that the cross section of concrete formation is that the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle or the cross section of concrete formation are the four prisms cylinders of right-angled trapezium, described supporter is that the cross section of concrete formation is that the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle or the cross section of concrete formation are the four prisms cylinders of right-angled trapezium, and the cross section of supporter and the cross section of floating body are the area that the area in similar figures, supporter cross section is greater than floating body cross section, the combination of each member: the first wear-resistant protecting layer is laid on the cavity bottom of roadbed, secondary yielding rubber pad is placed on the first wear-resistant protecting layer, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part is two covers, two cover the first spring damping and vibration isolating part symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad, their bottom surface contacts with the first wear-resistant protecting layer, their two sides contact with the cavity side walls of each self-corresponding secondary yielding rubber pad side and roadbed respectively, supporter is two, two supporter symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad, when supporter is that cross section is while being the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid upwards, two mutually perpendicular planes respectively with each self-corresponding the first spring damping and vibration isolating part end face and secondary yielding rubber pad contacts side surfaces, when supporter is that cross section is while being the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder upwards, the sidewall contact of the face that in two parallel surfaces, size is less and roadbed cavity, larger-size with a contacts side surfaces of secondary yielding rubber pad, the second wear-resistant protecting layer is two, two the second wear-resistant protecting layers are laid on respectively on the inclined-plane of two supporters, floating body is two, two floating bodies are placed on respectively on two supporters that are equipped with wear-resistant protecting layer, when floating body is that cross section is while being the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer, two mutually perpendicular planes is respectively upwards with towards the cavity side walls of roadbed, when floating body is that cross section is while being the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer, the larger-size sidewall facing to roadbed cavity in two parallel surfaces, main yielding rubber pad is two, two main yielding rubber pads are arranged on respectively two floating bodies and contact towards a side of roadbed cavity side walls and with each self-corresponding floating body, pad is two, two pads are arranged on respectively the side of two main yielding rubber pads towards roadbed cavity side walls, and their two sides respectively with the side of each self-corresponding main yielding rubber pad and the sidewall contact of roadbed cavity, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part is two covers, two cover the second spring damping and vibration isolating parts are placed on respectively on two floating bodies.

In order further to improve damping effect, the utility model is optimized the angle of floating body and supporter.When floating body is cross section while being the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid and its angle between the vertical guide of roadbed cavity side walls are defined as θ 1, θ 1=40 °～70 °; When supporter is cross section while being the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the angle that the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid is in contact with it between the vertical guide of secondary yielding rubber pad is defined as θ 2, and θ 2=40 °～70 °, and θ 2=θ 1.

When floating body is cross section while being the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, the angle in the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 3, θ 3=40 °～70 °; When supporter is cross section while being the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, the angle in the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 4, and θ 4=40 °～70 °, and θ 4=θ 3.

The device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, the preferred inverted L-shaped of cross sectional shape of its roadbed side plate or " 1 " font.

The device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, its first spring damping and vibration isolating part is identical with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part structure, forms by gripper shoe and the spring being arranged in gripper shoe.

The device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, also comprise mobile sleeper for rail is installed, for fixing sleeper and the gauge locator of rail are installed, the centre of described mobile sleeper and fixing sleeper is provided with trapezoidal groove, the rubber buffer mating with this groove shapes is installed in described trapezoidal groove, has solved well rubber buffer and held caducous problem along the train direction of motion, the quantity of mobile sleeper is multiple, the fixing quantity of sleeper is identical with the quantity of mobile sleeper, each mobile sleeper determining deviation of being separated by is arranged on a set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, the roll wheel assembly of its bottom surface contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, each fixing sleeper is separated by that a determining deviation is arranged on another set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part and is corresponding one by one with mobile sleeper, the bottom surface of described fixing sleeper contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, gauge locator moves between sleeper and two fixing sleepers two, the two ends of gauge locator are connected with two rails respectively.Described gauge locator comprises backstay, two the first baffle plates and two second baffles, the intermediate section of described backstay is provided with two phases the first shoulder block and the second shoulder block across a certain distance, the two ends of backstay are provided with thread segment, described the first baffle plate is L shaped, described second baffle is inverted L-shaped, on the riser of the first baffle plate and second baffle baffle plate, is provided with backstay via hole; Two the first baffle plates are combined to form two adjustable clamps that clamp rail with two second baffles respectively, two jigs are set in the two ends of backstay, wherein, the first shoulder block on backstay is close in the side of a jig, after combining with corresponding rail, pass through fastening nuts, between the side of another jig and the second shoulder block, be set with the pad of adjusting railway track distance, when the position of this jig is adjusted to that the gauge meeting between two rails requires and with after corresponding rail combination, by nut by fastening this jig.

The device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, its shock absorption principle is as follows:

Definition θ 2=θ 1=θ, or θ 3=θ 4=θ,

1, in the time having train process, rail can be subject to a downward pressure T, pressure T passes through rail, trapezoidal rubber buffer, mobile sleeper, fixing sleeper and the second spring damping and vibration isolating part going down successively to floating body, the force analysis of floating body is shown in Fig. 9: in the time not considering gravity, floating body is subject to downward pressure T, carry out the support force N of self-supporter, the support force M of the frictional force f of the second wear-resistant protecting layer and main yielding rubber pad.

The equation of equilibrium of floating body horizontal direction: M=Ncos θ-fsin θ;

The equation of equilibrium of floating body vertical direction: T=Nsin θ+fcos θ;

Test shows, floating body in the horizontal direction suffered power can be cancelled out each other, and only some power straight down continues going down to supporter.

2, the force analysis of supporter is shown in Figure 11: in the time not considering gravity, supporter is subject to the pressure N1 from floating body, the frictional force f1 of the second wear-resistant protecting layer, the frictional force f2 of the first wear-resistant protecting layer, the support force L of ground and the support force M1 of secondary yielding rubber pad.

The equation of equilibrium of supporter horizontal direction: M1=N1cos θ-f1sin θ-f2;

The equation of equilibrium of supporter vertical direction: L=N1sin θ+f1cos θ;

Test shows, supporter in the horizontal direction suffered power can be cancelled out each other, and finally only has the component of the vertical direction of a very little part being delivered on ground after the first spring damping and vibration isolating part.

Can find out from above-mentioned force analysis, device described in the utility model is in the process of rail vibration transmission, the vibrations of vertical direction are significantly reduced, and the vibrations that are distributed to horizontal direction are cancelled out each other, and reduce the target of rail vibrations to surrounding environment harm thereby realize.

The utlity model has following beneficial effect:

1, combine the characteristic on inclined-plane due to the device utilization that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model, in the process of rail vibration transmission, make the vibrations of vertical direction significantly reduce, the vibrations that are distributed to horizontal direction are cancelled out each other, thereby the generation that can avoid repeatability to shake, effectively reduce rail and shake the harm to surrounding environment.

2, the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model utilizes trapezoidal rubber buffer, has solved well cuboid rubber buffer and has held caducous problem along the train direction of motion.

3, the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model can install in advance in factory, then directly lifts at the scene, effectively reduces the workload of job site, has increased the safety of job site.

4, the apparatus structure that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model is fairly simple, changes yielding rubber pad convenient, is easy to the maintenance and repair in later stage.

5, the cost that the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model is manufactured material requested is lower, and consumptive material is less, effectively reduces the input that reduces rail vibrations harm aspect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the second structural representation of the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a kind of structural representation of roadbed in the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Fig. 5 is the combination schematic diagram of mobile sleeper and the second spring damping and vibration isolating part in Fig. 3, floating body.

Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a kind of sectional view of floating body in the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Fig. 9 is the force analysis sketch of floating body.

Figure 10 is a kind of sectional view of supporter in the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in the utility model.

Figure 11 is the force analysis sketch of supporter.

1-main yielding rubber pad in figure, the 2-the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, 3-floating body, 4-roadbed (4-1: base plate, 4-2: side plate), 5-secondary yielding rubber pad, the 6-the first wear-resistant protecting layer, the 7-the first spring damping and vibration isolating part, 8-supporter, the 9-the second wear-resistant protecting layer, 10-pad, 11-roll wheel assembly, 12-mobile sleeper, 13-rail, 14-gauge locator (14-1: backstay, 14-1-1: the first shoulder block, 14-1-2: the second shoulder block, 14-2: pad, 14-3: the first baffle plate, 14-4: second baffle, 14-5: nut), 15-rail keeper, 16-rubber buffer, 17-fixing sleeper.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail.

Embodiment 1

In the present embodiment, reduce the device of rail vibrations harm as shown in Figure 1, comprise roadbed 4, main yielding rubber pad 1, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2, floating body 3, secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7, supporter 8, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 and pad 10.Described roadbed 4 is the cavity bodies with concrete formation, and this cavity body is made up of base plate 4-1 and two inverted L-shaped side plate 4-2, and the length of stretch base is 5m; The cross section that described floating body 3 is concrete formation is the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, and the angle in the inclined-plane of this four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 3, θ 3=40 °; The cross section that described supporter 8 is concrete formation is the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, and the angle in the inclined-plane of this four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 4, θ 4=θ 3, and the area in supporter cross section is greater than the area in floating body cross section; Described the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7 is identical with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2 structures, forms by gripper shoe and the spring being arranged in gripper shoe; Described main yielding rubber pad 1 and secondary yielding rubber pad 5 are cuboid, with the neoprene making of metal oxide vulcanization; Described the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6 and the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 use antifriction metal (AFM)s are made (as low-alloy steel), and pad 10 use carbon steel are made.

The assembling mode of each member: the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6 is laid on the cavity bottom of roadbed 4, secondary yielding rubber pad 5 is placed on the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7 is two covers, two cover the first spring damping and vibration isolating part symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad 5, their bottom surface contacts with the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, their two sides contact with the cavity side walls of roadbed 4 with each self-corresponding secondary yielding rubber pad 5 sides respectively, cross section is that the supporter 8 of the four prisms cylinder structure of right-angled trapezium is two, two supporter 8 symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder upwards, the sidewall contact of the face that in two parallel surfaces, size is less and roadbed cavity, larger-size with a contacts side surfaces of secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 is two, two the second wear-resistant protecting layers are laid on respectively on the inclined-plane of two supporters 8, cross section is that the floating body 3 of the four prisms cylinder structure of right-angled trapezium is two, two floating bodies are placed on respectively on two supporters 8 that are equipped with wear-resistant protecting layer, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9, the larger-size sidewall facing to roadbed cavity in two parallel surfaces, main yielding rubber pad 1 is two, two main yielding rubber pads are arranged on respectively two floating bodies 3 and contact towards a side of roadbed 4 cavity side walls and with each self-corresponding floating body, pad 10 is two, two pads are arranged on respectively two main yielding rubber pads 1 towards roadbed) side of cavity side walls, and their two sides respectively with the side of each self-corresponding main yielding rubber pad and the sidewall contact of roadbed cavity, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2 is two covers, two cover the second spring damping and vibration isolating parts are placed on respectively on two floating bodies 3.

Embodiment 2

In the present embodiment, reduce the device of rail vibrations harm as shown in Figure 2, comprise roadbed 4, main yielding rubber pad 1, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2, floating body 3, secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7, supporter 8, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 and pad 10.Described roadbed 4 is the cavity bodies with concrete formation, and this cavity body forms (see figure 4) by base plate 4-1 and two " 1 " shaped side plates, and the length of stretch base is 5m; The cross section that described floating body 3 is concrete formation is the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, and the angle when inclined-plane of this tri-prismoid and this tri-prismoid are installed between the vertical guide of roadbed cavity side walls is defined as θ 1, θ 1=70 °; The cross section that described supporter 8 is concrete formation is the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the angle when inclined-plane of this tri-prismoid is installed with this tri-prismoid and between the face that contacts of secondary yielding rubber pad 5 is defined as θ 2, θ 2=θ 1, the area in supporter cross section is greater than the area in floating body cross section; Described the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7 is identical with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2 structures, forms by gripper shoe and the spring being arranged in gripper shoe; Described main yielding rubber pad 1 and secondary yielding rubber pad 5 are cuboid, with the neoprene making of metal oxide vulcanization; Described the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6 and the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 use antifriction metal (AFM)s are made (as low-alloy steel), and pad 10 use carbon steel are made.

The assembling mode of each member: the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6 is laid on the cavity bottom of roadbed 4, secondary yielding rubber pad 5 is placed on the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7 is two covers, two cover the first spring damping and vibration isolating part symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad 5, their bottom surface contacts with the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, their two sides contact with the cavity side walls of roadbed 4 with each self-corresponding secondary yielding rubber pad 5 sides respectively, cross section is that the supporter 8 of the tri-prismoid structure of right-angled triangle is two, two supporter 8 symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid upwards, two mutually perpendicular planes respectively with each self-corresponding the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7 end faces and secondary yielding rubber pad 5 contacts side surfaces, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 is two, two the second wear-resistant protecting layers are laid on respectively on the inclined-plane of two supporters 8, cross section is that the floating body 3 of the tri-prismoid structure of right-angled triangle is two, two floating bodies are placed on respectively on two supporters 8 that are equipped with the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9, two mutually perpendicular planes is respectively upwards with towards the cavity side walls of roadbed 4, main yielding rubber pad 1 is two, two main yielding rubber pads are arranged on respectively two floating bodies 3 and contact towards a side of roadbed 4 cavity side walls and with each self-corresponding floating body, pad 10 is two, two pads are arranged on respectively the side of two main yielding rubber pads 1 towards roadbed cavity side walls, and their two sides respectively with the side of each self-corresponding main yielding rubber pad and the sidewall contact of roadbed cavity, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2 is two covers, two cover the second spring damping and vibration isolating parts are placed on respectively on two floating bodies 3.

Embodiment 3

In the present embodiment, reduce the device of rail vibrations harm as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, comprise roadbed 4, main yielding rubber pad 1, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2, floating body 3, secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7, supporter 8, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9, pad 10, for the mobile sleeper 12 of rail is installed, for fixing sleeper 17 and the gauge locator 14 of rail are installed.Shape, structure and the assembling mode of described roadbed 4, main yielding rubber pad 1, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2, floating body 3, secondary yielding rubber pad 5, the first wear-resistant protecting layer 6, the first spring damping and vibration isolating part 7, supporter 8, the second wear-resistant protecting layer 9 and pad 10 are identical with embodiment 1.The centre of described mobile sleeper 12 and fixing sleeper 17 is provided with trapezoidal groove, and the rubber buffer 16 mating with this groove shapes is installed in described trapezoidal groove, described gauge locator 14 comprises backstay 14-1, two the first baffle plate 14-3 and two second baffle 14-4, the intermediate section of backstay 14-1 is provided with two phases the first shoulder block 14-1-1 and the second shoulder block 14-1-2 across a certain distance, the two ends of backstay are provided with thread segment, the first baffle plate 14-3 is L shaped, second baffle 14-4 is inverted L-shaped, on the riser of the first baffle plate and second baffle baffle plate, be provided with backstay via hole, two the first baffle plate 14-3 are combined to form two adjustable clamps that clamp rail 13 with two second baffle 14-4 respectively, when combination, the riser of second baffle 14-4 is placed on the transverse slat of the first baffle plate 14-3, and its end face contacts with the transverse slat end face of the first baffle plate 14-3.

The quantity of mobile sleeper 12 is multiple (see figure 6)s, the fixing quantity of sleeper 17 is identical with the quantity of mobile sleeper, each mobile sleeper determining deviation of being separated by is arranged on a set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2, the roll wheel assembly 11 of its bottom surface contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, each fixing sleeper is separated by that a determining deviation is arranged on another set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part 2 and is corresponding one by one with mobile sleeper, the bottom surface of described fixing sleeper contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, article two, rail is arranged on respectively on mobile sleeper 12 and fixing sleeper 17, their bottom surface contacts with the interior rubber buffer 16 of installing of mobile sleeper 12 and fixing sleeper 17 grooves, and fixing by rail keeper 15, gauge locator 14 moves between sleeper and two fixing sleepers two, two jigs in gauge locator are set in the two ends of backstay, wherein, the first shoulder block 14-1-1 on backstay is close in the side of a jig, fastening by nut 14-5 after combining with corresponding rail, between the side of another jig and the second shoulder block 14-1-2, be set with the pad 14-2 that adjusts railway track distance, when the position of this jig is adjusted to that the gauge meeting between two rails requires and with after corresponding rail combination, by nut 14-5 by fastening this jig.

Claims (10)

1. one kind reduces the device of rail vibrations harm, comprise roadbed (4), characterized by further comprising main yielding rubber pad (1), the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2), floating body (3), secondary yielding rubber pad (5), the first wear-resistant protecting layer (6), the first spring damping and vibration isolating part (7), supporter (8), the second wear-resistant protecting layer (9) and pad (10);

Described roadbed (4) is the cavity body with concrete formation, this cavity body is by base plate (4-1) and two shapes, measure-alike side plate (4-2) composition, the cross section that described floating body (3) is concrete formation is that the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle or the cross section of concrete formation are the four prisms cylinders of right-angled trapezium, the cross section that described supporter (8) is concrete formation is that the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle or the cross section of concrete formation are the four prisms cylinders of right-angled trapezium, and the cross section of supporter and the cross section of floating body are similar figures, the area in supporter cross section is greater than the area in floating body cross section,

The first wear-resistant protecting layer (6) is laid on the cavity bottom of roadbed (4), secondary yielding rubber pad (5) is placed on the first wear-resistant protecting layer (6), the first spring damping and vibration isolating part (7) is two covers, two cover the first spring damping and vibration isolating part symmetries are arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad (5), their bottom surface contacts with the first wear-resistant protecting layer (6), their two sides contact with the cavity side walls of roadbed (4) with each self-corresponding secondary yielding rubber pad (5) side respectively, supporter (8) is two, two supporters (8) symmetry is arranged on the both sides of secondary yielding rubber pad (5), in the time that supporter (8) is the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle for cross section, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid upwards, two mutually perpendicular planes respectively with each self-corresponding the first spring damping and vibration isolating part (7) end face and secondary yielding rubber pad (5) contacts side surfaces, in the time that supporter (8) is the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium for cross section, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder upwards, the sidewall contact of the face that in two parallel surfaces, size is less and roadbed cavity, larger-size with a contacts side surfaces of secondary yielding rubber pad (5), the second wear-resistant protecting layer (9) is two, two the second wear-resistant protecting layers are laid on respectively on the inclined-plane of two supporters (8), floating body (3) is two, two floating bodies are placed on respectively on two supporters (8) that are equipped with wear-resistant protecting layer, when floating body is that cross section is while being the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer (9), two mutually perpendicular planes is respectively upwards with towards the cavity side walls of roadbed (4), when floating body is that cross section is while being the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium, the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder contacts with the second wear-resistant protecting layer (9), the larger-size sidewall facing to roadbed cavity in two parallel surfaces, main yielding rubber pad (1) is two, two main yielding rubber pads are arranged on respectively two floating bodies (3) and contact towards a side of roadbed (4) cavity side walls and with each self-corresponding floating body, pad (10) is two, two pads are arranged on respectively the side of two main yielding rubber pads (1) towards roadbed (4) cavity side walls, and their two sides respectively with the side of each self-corresponding main yielding rubber pad and the sidewall contact of roadbed cavity, the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2) is two covers, two cover the second spring damping and vibration isolating parts are placed on respectively on two floating bodies (3).

2. reduce according to claim 1 the device of rail vibrations harm, it is characterized in that in the time that floating body (3) is the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle for cross section, the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid and its angle between the vertical guide of roadbed cavity side walls are defined as θ 1, θ 1=40 °～70 °; In the time that supporter (8) is the tri-prismoid of right-angled triangle for cross section, the angle that the inclined-plane of described tri-prismoid is in contact with it between the vertical guide of secondary yielding rubber pad (5) is defined as θ 2, and θ 2=40 °～70 °, and θ 2=θ 1.

3. reduce according to claim 1 the device of rail vibrations harm, it is characterized in that in the time that floating body (3) is the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium for cross section, angle in the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 3, θ 3=40 °～70 °; In the time that supporter (8) is the four prisms cylinder of right-angled trapezium for cross section, the angle in the inclined-plane of described four prisms cylinder and two parallel surfaces between larger-size is defined as θ 4, and θ 4=40 °～70 °, and θ 4=θ 3.

4. according to the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in arbitrary claim in claims 1 to 3, side plate (4-2) cross sectional shape that it is characterized in that described roadbed is inverted L-shaped or " 1 " font.

5. according to the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in arbitrary claim in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the first spring damping and vibration isolating part (7) is identical with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2) structure, form by gripper shoe and the spring being arranged in gripper shoe.

6. the device that reduces according to claim 4 rail vibrations harm, is characterized in that the first spring damping and vibration isolating part (7) is identical with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2) structure, forms by gripper shoe and the spring being arranged in gripper shoe.

7. according to the device that reduces rail vibrations harm described in arbitrary claim in claims 1 to 3, characterized by further comprising mobile sleeper (12) for rail is installed, for fixing sleeper (17) and the gauge locator (14) of rail are installed, the centre of described mobile sleeper (12) and fixing sleeper (17) is provided with trapezoidal groove, and the rubber buffer (16) mating with this groove shapes is installed in described trapezoidal groove;

The quantity of mobile sleeper (12) is multiple, the quantity of fixing sleeper (17) is identical with the quantity of mobile sleeper, each mobile sleeper determining deviation of being separated by is arranged on a set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2), the roll wheel assembly (11) of its bottom surface contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, each fixing sleeper is separated by, and to be arranged on another set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2) upper and corresponding one by one with mobile sleeper for a determining deviation, the bottom surface of described fixing sleeper contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, gauge locator (14) moves between sleeper and two fixing sleepers two, the two ends of gauge locator are connected with two rails (13) respectively.

8. reduce according to claim 4 the device of rail vibrations harm, characterized by further comprising mobile sleeper (12) for rail is installed, for fixing sleeper (17) and the gauge locator (14) of rail are installed, the centre of described mobile sleeper (12) and fixing sleeper (17) is provided with trapezoidal groove, and the rubber buffer (16) mating with this groove shapes is installed in described trapezoidal groove;

The quantity of mobile sleeper (12) is multiple, the quantity of fixing sleeper (17) is identical with the quantity of mobile sleeper, each mobile sleeper determining deviation of being separated by is arranged on a set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2), the roll wheel assembly (11) of its bottom surface contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, each fixing sleeper is separated by, and to be arranged on another set of the second spring damping and vibration isolating part (2) upper and corresponding one by one with mobile sleeper for a determining deviation, the bottom surface of described fixing sleeper contacts with the second spring damping and vibration isolating part, gauge locator (14) moves between sleeper and two fixing sleepers two, the two ends of gauge locator are connected with two rails (13) respectively.

9. reduce according to claim 7 the device of rail vibrations harm, it is characterized in that gauge locator (14) comprises backstay (14-1), two the first baffle plates (14-3) and two second baffles (14-4), the intermediate section of described backstay (14-1) is provided with two phases the first shoulder block (14-1-1) and the second shoulder block (14-1-2) across a certain distance, the two ends of backstay are provided with thread segment, described the first baffle plate (14-3) is L shaped, described second baffle (14-4) is inverted L-shaped, on the riser of the first baffle plate and second baffle baffle plate, be provided with backstay via hole,

Two the first baffle plates (14-3) are combined to form two adjustable clamps that clamp rail (13) with two second baffles (14-4) respectively, two jigs are set in the two ends of backstay, wherein, the first shoulder block (14-1-1) on backstay is close in the side of a jig, fastening by nut (14-5) after combining with corresponding rail, between the side of another jig and the second shoulder block (14-1-2), be set with the pad (14-2) of adjusting railway track distance, when the position of this jig is adjusted to that the gauge meeting between two rails requires and with after corresponding rail combination, by nut (14-5) by fastening this jig.

10. reduce according to claim 8 the device of rail vibrations harm, it is characterized in that gauge locator (14) comprises backstay (14-1), two the first baffle plates (14-3) and two second baffles (14-4), the intermediate section of described backstay (14-1) is provided with two phases the first shoulder block (14-1-1) and the second shoulder block (14-1-2) across a certain distance, the two ends of backstay are provided with thread segment, described the first baffle plate (14-3) is L shaped, described second baffle (14-4) is inverted L-shaped, on the riser of the first baffle plate and second baffle baffle plate, be provided with backstay via hole,

Two the first baffle plates (14-3) are combined to form two adjustable clamps that clamp rail (13) with two second baffles (14-4) respectively, two jigs are set in the two ends of backstay, wherein, the first shoulder block (14-1-1) on backstay is close in the side of a jig, fastening by nut (14-5) after combining with corresponding rail, between the side of another jig and the second shoulder block (14-1-2), be set with the pad (14-2) of adjusting railway track distance, when the position of this jig is adjusted to that the gauge meeting between two rails requires and with after corresponding rail combination, by nut (14-5) by fastening this jig.

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