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CN203443379U - 冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统 - Google Patents

冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统 Download PDF

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CN203443379U
CN203443379U CN201320460627.6U CN201320460627U CN203443379U CN 203443379 U CN203443379 U CN 203443379U CN 201320460627 U CN201320460627 U CN 201320460627U CN 203443379 U CN203443379 U CN 203443379U
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陈少辉
刘红
刘宝兴
陈再
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Guidiankanneng Technology Co ltd
Guodiankangneng Technology Stock Co ltd
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BEIJING GUODIANKANGNENG TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本实用新型是一种冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统，所述发电系统采用多个余热锅炉产生蒸汽，驱动汽轮机发电机组发电，所述系统还包括：蒸汽蓄热器，所述蒸汽蓄热器安装在余热锅炉之后，对各个余热锅炉产生的中压饱和蒸汽进行压力调整；蒸汽过热站，安装在蒸汽蓄热器和汽轮发电机组之间，对经过蒸汽蓄热器调整压力的蒸汽进一步加热，形成过热蒸汽驱动汽轮发电机组发电。本系统适用于各种有色金属冶炼炉，包括氧气底吹炉、鼓风炉、烟化炉、反射炉和侧吹炉等，本系统实现了整个厂区余热资源的综合治理及应用，提高了发电效率，降低了投资成本。

Description

冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统
技术领域
本实用新型涉及冶金技术，尤其是涉及冶炼炉利用烟气余热的过饱和蒸汽发电系统。
背景技术
目前有色金属冶炼炉种类繁多，如氧气底吹炉、鼓风炉、烟化炉、反射炉和侧吹炉等。这些炉子本身消耗大量热能, 同时产生大量余热。排烟温度均在1000℃左右，为回收余热, 一般采用余热锅炉回收高温烟气带走的热量。由于很多有色冶炼设备是周期性工作，使得烟气温度及流量存在变化大的问题, 对于采用余热锅炉回收烟气余热, 存在热源热负荷不稳定, 发电机组不能连续稳定工作的问题。这成为有色金属冶炼行业余热回收项目中难以解决的问题。
现有的技术方案主要利用余热锅炉产生蒸汽或热水，供冬季供暖或者生活热水使用，这样在南方大部分地区或者北方地区非采暖季，这些热源就无法利用，造成了严重的能源浪费。
由于有色金属行业的设备是周期性工作使得烟气温度及流量变化很大, 对于采用现有余热发电技术, 受工艺流程限制，存在因热源热负荷不稳定、造成蒸汽产生不连续及蒸汽流量不稳定，汽轮机不能稳定工作, 致使发电机组不能正常工作，系统寿命严重缩短等困难，使得现有技术很难应用到有色金属冶炼行业。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一个有色金属冶炼行业余热发电系统，解决热源不稳定、不连续的难题，实现了利用汽轮机连续发电。
为了实现本实用新型的目的，提出以下技术方案：
一种冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统，所述发电系统采用多个余热锅炉产生蒸汽，驱动汽轮机发电机组发电，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
蒸汽蓄热器，所述蒸汽蓄热器安装在余热锅炉之后，对各个余热锅炉产生的中压饱和蒸汽进行压力调整；
蒸汽过热站，安装在蒸汽蓄热器和汽轮发电机组之间，对经过蒸汽蓄热器调整压力的蒸汽进一步加热，形成过热蒸汽驱动汽轮发电机组发电。
所述蒸汽蓄热器和余热锅炉之间还设置有蒸汽母管，汇集各个余热锅炉产生的蒸汽，输送至蒸汽蓄热器。
所述多个余热锅炉为中压饱和蒸汽余热锅炉，其容量为9t/h～23 t/h；所述蒸汽母管输出的蒸汽为3.82Mpa，250℃；所述蒸汽蓄热器调整后的蒸汽压力为2.5Mpa，224℃，经所述过热站加热后形成2.5Mpa，400℃的过热蒸汽，所述汽轮发电机组为2组7.5MW的汽轮发电机组。
所述蒸汽蓄热器和余热锅炉之间还设置有自动调节阀门V1，用以保持锅炉压力不变；所述蒸汽蓄热器和汽轮发电机组之间设置有自动调节阀门V2，用以保持汽轮发电机组用汽压力不变。
所述过热站为燃煤锅炉，用来把蒸汽蓄热器中出来的饱和蒸汽加热为过热蒸汽。
本系统适用于各种有色金属冶炼炉，包括氧气底吹炉、鼓风炉、烟化炉、反射炉和侧吹炉等，本系统实现了整个厂区余热资源的综合治理及应用，提高了发电效率，降低了投资成本。
附图说明
图1本系统的整体结构示意图；
图2蒸汽蓄热器结构安排示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图和具体实施例，对本实用新型进一步详细说明。
本实用新型的具体方案是在厂区冶炼炉较为密集的地方，为每台冶炼炉加装一台余热锅炉，产生同一压力的中压饱和蒸汽，把多台余热锅炉产生的蒸汽汇集到蒸汽母管后一同进入蒸汽蓄热器，经蒸汽蓄热器调整压力后通过过热站加热为过热蒸汽，再进入汽轮机做功转化为电能。
图1是本系统的整体结构，主要包括：余热锅炉、蒸汽蓄热器、蒸汽过热站、汽轮机发电机组、软化水站、控制室、管网系统及其他辅助设施。如图1所示。在氧气底吹炉、鼓风炉、烟化炉、反射炉和侧吹炉炉后加装中压饱和蒸汽余热锅炉，其容量根据冶炼炉的不同从9t/h-23 t/h不等；产生的蒸汽汇集到蒸汽母管，输出3.82Mpa，250℃的蒸汽，经过蒸汽蓄热器调整压力为2.5Mpa，224℃的蒸汽通过过热站加热，形成2.5Mpa，400℃的过热蒸汽驱动2组7.5MW的汽轮发电机组发电。汽轮发电机组排出的废汽顺序经过冷凝器、除氧器和凝结水箱构成的软化水站再进入余热锅炉，完成热力循环。
图2是蒸汽蓄热器的结构示意图。蒸汽蓄热器安装在蒸汽母管和蒸汽过热站之间，对各个余热锅炉产生中压饱和蒸汽进行压力调整。当各个余热锅炉的蒸发量大于汽轮发电机组用汽量时,多余的蒸汽进入蓄热器，加热其中的储水(饱和水),蒸汽本身也凝结于其中，蓄热器中的压力随之上升。当用汽量大于余热锅炉的蒸发量时,蓄热器中的储水（饱和水）因降压而沸腾，提供蒸汽以保持锅炉负荷不变。整个工作过程由一组自动调节阀门自行控制。阀V1用以保持锅炉压力不变,阀V2用以保持用汽压力不变，而蒸汽蓄热器压力则在二者之间变化。锅炉压力与用汽压力之间的压差越大，蓄热器可储蓄的热量也越大，并可按不同的情况来选择其容积。如此不但解决了热源不稳定的问题，而且即便是个别冶炼炉短暂停炉，也不会影响整体发电系统的运行，蒸汽蓄热器保证发电系统能够长期稳定运行。
从余热锅炉产生的中压饱和蒸汽经过过热站加热为过热蒸汽，所述的过热站是在系统中增加一个燃煤锅炉，专门用来把蒸汽蓄热器中出来的饱和蒸汽加热为过热蒸汽。即，将饱和蒸汽加热，使之压力不变，温度提高，温度高于此压力下对应的饱和温度，形成过热状态。推动汽轮机转动以带动发电机工作。避免蒸汽中的水滴对汽轮机造成重大损伤；避免降低汽轮机的相对效率。
本余热发电系统很好的解决了有色金属冶炼中冶炼设备不连续生产和热源负荷不稳定的问题，实现了余热发电的连续生产，不但提高了生产效率，还延长了设备使用寿命。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本实用新型的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步的详细说明，所应理解的是，以上所述仅为本实用新型的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统，所述发电系统采用多个余热锅炉产生蒸汽，驱动汽轮机发电机组发电，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
蒸汽蓄热器，所述蒸汽蓄热器安装在余热锅炉之后，对各个余热锅炉产生的中压饱和蒸汽进行压力调整；
蒸汽过热站，安装在蒸汽蓄热器和汽轮发电机组之间，对经过蒸汽蓄热器调整压力的蒸汽进一步加热，形成过热蒸汽驱动汽轮发电机组发电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发电系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽蓄热器和余热锅炉之间还设置有蒸汽母管，汇集各个余热锅炉产生的蒸汽，输送至蒸汽蓄热器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发电系统，其特征在于，所述多个余热锅炉为中压饱和蒸汽余热锅炉，其容量为9t/h～23 t/h；所述蒸汽母管输出的蒸汽为3.82Mpa，250℃；所述蒸汽蓄热器调整后的蒸汽压力为2.5Mpa，224℃，经所述过热站加热后形成2.5Mpa，400℃的过热蒸汽，所述汽轮发电机组为2组7.5MW的汽轮发电机组。
4.根据权利要求3所述的发电系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽蓄热器和余热锅炉之间还设置有自动调节阀门V1，用以保持锅炉压力不变；所述蒸汽蓄热器和汽轮发电机组之间设置有自动调节阀门V2，用以保持汽轮发电机组用汽压力不变。
5.根据权利要求4所述的发电系统，其特征在于，所述过热站为燃煤锅炉，用来把蒸汽蓄热器中出来的饱和蒸汽加热为过热蒸汽。
CN201320460627.6U 2013-07-31 2013-07-31 冶炼炉高温余热凝气式汽轮机过饱和蒸汽发电系统 Expired - Lifetime CN203443379U (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104048286A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-17 付红萍 一种蒸汽蓄热器系统
CN108534128A (zh) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-14 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 一种钢铁企业供应及回收两种蒸汽系统的参数调整方法
CN108548429A (zh) * 2018-04-16 2018-09-18 河南华东工控技术有限公司 一种工业余热回收利用控制系统
CN112629276A (zh) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-09 易门铜业有限公司 一种多品位余热梯级提质发电系统及方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104048286A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-17 付红萍 一种蒸汽蓄热器系统
CN108548429A (zh) * 2018-04-16 2018-09-18 河南华东工控技术有限公司 一种工业余热回收利用控制系统
CN108534128A (zh) * 2018-04-24 2018-09-14 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 一种钢铁企业供应及回收两种蒸汽系统的参数调整方法
CN112629276A (zh) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-09 易门铜业有限公司 一种多品位余热梯级提质发电系统及方法

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