Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of economy, oil demand is increasing, the oil consumption increase year after year.China has entered the later development stage in the extensive oil field of exploitation, and having verified can be very few for the self-contained high-quality reserves oil field of exploitation, and therefore, the exploitation of marginal oil field becomes more and more important.
At present, the relatively large marginal oil field of some reserves is positioned at special water surface activity area, and often there is ship running in these marine sites, in order not affect normally travelling of boats and ships, not allow emersed works in these zones, due to more than the production platform structure of routine mostly is positioned at the water surface.Therefore, can not adopt conventional production platform to exploit for the exploitation in these oil fields.
Be positioned at special water surface activity area in order to exploit these, and the marginal oil field that reserves are relatively large, can adopt the oil production method at deep water sea area, this exploitation form is owing to mostly using subsea production system, its works all is located at below the water surface, can reach the requirement that the water surface does not stretch out works.
Existing subsea production system comprises: production tree, manifold basal disc, control system, pipeline, standpipe etc.Wherein, production tree is arranged on the top of underwater well head, is used for crude oil production; The manifold basal disc comprises basal disc and manifold two parts, and basal disc provides the location for manifold, simultaneously, is also the basis of manifold.Basal disc comprises: basis and base two parts, and the general cylindrical foundation that adopts in basis, cylindrical foundation is installed to the following certain depth of mud face, the cylindrical foundation top is provided with base, base and cylindrical foundation are for being welded to connect, and base is provided with positioning guide column and spacing lead, are used for being connected with the manifold contraposition.Manifold outer protection frame is frame construction, is comprised of beam column, and manifold inside is provided with pipeline valve and control appliance.Manifold is positioned at the center of each well head, be connected with the production tree of each well head by jumper pipe, with each well head come liquid to collect after be delivered to and rely on facility to process storage.Control system comprises: control module and control the umbilical cables terminal under water under water, control module is arranged on manifold inside under water, controls the umbilical cables terminal under water and is arranged near manifold, is connected with manifold by umbilical cables.Pipeline installing is outside at manifold, is connected with manifold trunk line and standpipe.Standpipe is arranged on pipeline and relies between facility, generally adopts compliant riser.Be subsea production system due to what the oil production method of deep water sea area used, its equipment that adopts is production equipment under water, complicated structure, and face cost is too high, is difficult to reach the requirement of earning rate for marginal oil field.
Present patent application has proposed a kind ofly can use dry type shaft collar in the basal disc formula water that the dry type oil production equipment just can recover the oil under water just under this background.
The utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, and provide dry type shaft collar in a seed-base formula water, it can be arranged on the following certain depth of the water surface, and use under water the dry type oil production equipment just can recover the oil, solve a difficult problem of carrying out oilfield exploitation in special water surface activity area, avoided in this type of zone the impact on the boats and ships activity; Simultaneously, greatly reduce production costs, saved the expense of using underwater installation.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical scheme:
Dry type shaft collar in one seed-base formula water, it is characterized in that: be provided with basal disc, be arranged on dry chamber and well head on basal disc, wherein, basal disc comprises: several cylindrical foundations, be arranged on the column of cylindrical foundation inside center and be arranged on several tie-beams on column top, this tie-beam upper end is connected with dry chamber, the cabin body of dry chamber is provided with the waterproof casing guiding, and waterproof casing leads by waterproof casing and is arranged on dry chamber, and well head is located at the top of waterproof casing.
Described tie-beam is box; The top of cylindrical foundation is provided with capping; Column connects as one by radioactivity gusset and cylindrical foundation.
Described dry chamber mainly comprises: cabin body, maintenance hatch, maintenance manhole, wherein, maintenance hatch is arranged on the top of cabin body by adpting flange, and maintenance hatch is provided with the maintenance manhole, the top of maintenance manhole is provided with manhole cover, and the outside of maintenance manhole is provided with the flange that connects for the maintenance sleeve.
Described waterproof casing guiding is located at the bottom of cabin body, and waterproof casing is connected by being connected gusset with the cabin body.
What described cabin body was the bottom with back cover is columnar structured; On the body of cabin, pressure checking device is installed, well head external connector, umbilical cables external connector, maintenance cat ladder and maintenance deck.
On described well head, wellhead equipment is installed, well head and wellhead equipment comprise: production tree, banked direction control valves and multinomial flow meter, wherein, production tree is pooled on banked direction control valves by the pipeline of connecting line with each well head production tree, and banked direction control valves, multinomial flow meter and well head external connector are coupled together.
One end of described multinomial flow meter is connected with banked direction control valves, and the multinomial flow meter other end is connected with the well head external connector.
Described pressure checking device is arranged on the inside of cabin body; The maintenance cat ladder is arranged on the inside wall of cabin body; The maintenance deck is arranged on the middle part of cabin body.
Described external sleeve mainly is comprised of outer cylinder body, caulking gum, inner flange, targeting port and hanger, wherein, outer cylinder body is the pipe of upper and lower opening, inner flange is arranged on outer cylinder body inside, caulking gum is arranged on the bottom of outer cylinder body, and link together with the inwall of outer cylinder body, targeting port is arranged on the bottom of outer cylinder body; Hanger is arranged on the top of outer cylinder body.
Described caulking gum is wedge shape; Targeting port is bell-mouth structure of air.
The beneficial effects of the utility model: the utility model is owing to adopting technique scheme, it can be arranged on the following certain depth of the water surface, and use under water the dry type oil production equipment just can recover the oil, solve a difficult problem of carrying out oilfield exploitation in special water surface activity area, avoided in this type of zone the impact on the boats and ships activity; Simultaneously, greatly reduce production costs, saved the expense of using underwater installation.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the utility model is described further.
The specific embodiment
As Figure 1-3, the utility model is provided with basal disc, is arranged on dry chamber and well head on basal disc, and wherein, basal disc is as the basis of underwater dry-type shaft collar, for it provides bearing capacity.Basal disc comprises: several cylindrical foundations 1, be arranged on the column 2 of cylindrical foundation 1 inside center and be arranged on several tie-beams 3 on column 2 tops, tie-beam 3 upper ends are connected with dry chamber, the cabin body 4 of dry chamber is provided with waterproof casing guiding 5, and waterproof casing leads by waterproof casing and 5 is arranged on dry chamber.The cylindrical foundation 1 of the present embodiment, column 2 and tie-beam 3 are three or four.Cylindrical foundation 1 is the heavy caliber stub, and its top is provided with capping; During installation, cylindrical foundation 1 is all sunk to below the mud face, for superstructure provides bearing capacity; Column 2 adopts radioactivity gusset and cylindrical foundation 1 welding manner to connect as one, and the top protrudes from 1 one sections of cylindrical foundations; Tie-beam 3 is arranged on cylindrical foundation 1, and its bottom adopts welding manner to be connected with the column 2 that protrudes from 1 one sections of cylindrical foundations, and the upper end adopts welding manner to be connected with the dry chamber that is located thereon, and well head is located at the top of waterproof casing.By above-mentioned connection, basal disc and dry chamber are connected as one; Simultaneously, the environmental load on dry chamber can well be delivered on cylindrical foundation 1.
Dry chamber provides the working environment of dry type as main body of the present utility model for underwater well head.Dry chamber mainly comprises: cabin body 4, waterproof casing guiding 5, connect gusset 6, maintenance hatch 8, maintenance manhole 9, adpting flange 10, well head external connector 11, pressure checking device 12, umbilical cables external connector 13, maintenance cat ladder 14, maintenance deck 15; Wherein, cabin body 4 is the large diameter cylinder shape structure of bottom with back cover, and waterproof casing guiding 5 is located at the bottom of cabin body 4, squeezes in cabin body 4 for waterproof casing guiding is provided, and waterproof casing leads by waterproof casing and 5 is arranged on dry chamber; The present embodiment: waterproof casing and cabin body 4 are connected by being connected gusset 6 and with bolts or welding manner.Maintenance hatch 8 is arranged on the top of cabin body 4 by adpting flange 10, maintenance hatch 8 is provided with maintenance manhole 9, the present embodiment is: maintenance manhole 9 is welded as a whole with maintenance hatch 8, the top is provided with the manhole cover that can open maintenance manhole 9, manhole cover is bolted with maintenance manhole 9, the outside of maintenance manhole 9 is provided with flange, is used for being connected with the external sleeve of maintenance.
When well head needs overhaul, by external sleeve is installed at flange, and removes maintenance hatch 8 and can carry out wellhead maintenance; When well head need to carry out small-sized maintenance, need not to install external sleeve, as long as keeping in repair installation and maintenance sleeve pipe on manhole 9, and the seawater in eliminating maintenance sleeve pipe, then, then remove manhole cover on maintenance manhole 9, the maintenance personal can enter in the cabin body 4 of dry chamber and keep in repair.
Pressure checking device 12 is installed, well head external connector 11, umbilical cables external connector 13, maintenance cat ladder 14 and maintenance deck 15 on cabin body 4.
The present embodiment: pressure checking device 12 is arranged on the inside of cabin body 4, pressure variation for detection of cabin body 4 inside, and near the supporting platform the pressure delta data is transferred to, whether the well head of understanding in cabin body 4 by detected pressure value leaks, and turn-offs maintenance in order in time carry out well head.
Well head external connector 11 is to be connected to form by steel pipe and flange, is used for docking with outer defeated submerged pipeline.
Umbilical cables external connector 13 is the external tapping of underwater dry-type well head power, control, detection and ventilation, integrated cable connector on umbilical cables external connector 13, well head control circuit joint, inlet suction port, exhaust joint, equipment is controlled joint and detection system line joint.
External umbilical cables just can couple together with near supporting platform with after umbilical cables external connector 13 is connected, and can control and detect the underwater dry-type wellhead assembly by external umbilical cables on platform.
Maintenance cat ladder 14 is arranged on the inside wall of cabin body 4, is used for the maintainer and enters cabin body 4.
Maintenance deck 15 is arranged on the middle part of cabin body 4, for personnel's maintenance provides work deck.
Wellhead equipment is installed on well head, and well head and wellhead equipment comprise: production tree 16, connecting line 17, waterproof casing 18, banked direction control valves 19 and multinomial flow meter 20, waterproof casing 18 are for well head provides guiding, and an impermeable role.Production tree 16 is used for crude oil production, and connecting line 17 is pooled to the pipeline of the production tree 16 of each well head on banked direction control valves 19, and with banked direction control valves 19, multinomial flow meter 20 and well head external connector 11 couple together.Banked direction control valves 19 pools together the liquid that comes of each well head, makes underwater well head that an external pipeline only need be set and can realize the outer defeated of crude oil.One end of multinomial flow meter 20 is connected with banked direction control valves 19, and the other end of multinomial flow meter is connected with well head external connector 11, can realize the one-well metering to each well head, and the metering result is sent to supporting platform by umbilical cables.
External sleeve mainly is comprised of outer cylinder body 21, caulking gum 22, inner flange 23, targeting port 24 and hanger 25.Wherein, outer cylinder body 21 is the heavy caliber pipe of upper and lower opening, is used for insulating sea water when maintenance; Inner flange 23 is arranged on the inside of outer cylinder body 21, is used for being connected with its adpting flange with body 4 sockets in cabin are rear; Caulking gum 22 is arranged on the bottom of outer cylinder body, and adopts the inwall of bonding way and outer cylinder body 21 to link together; The present embodiment: caulking gum 22 is the form of wedge shape, can realize good sealing effectiveness after compression.Targeting port 24 is bell-mouth structure of air, is arranged on the bottom of outer cylinder body 21, is convenient to external sleeve and docks with the dry type shaft collar under water.Hanger 25 is arranged on the top of outer cylinder body 21, is used for the lifting operation of maintenance sleeve.
External sleeve pipe mainly is comprised of maintenance sleeve pipe 26, outward flange 27 and hanger 28, and maintenance sleeve pipe 26 is the opening steel pipe, is used for insulating sea water when maintenance.Outward flange 27 is arranged on the bottom of maintenance sleeve pipe 26, is used for being connected with maintenance manhole 9 docking of cabin body 4.Hanger 28 is arranged on the top of maintenance sleeve pipe 26, is used for the lifting operation of maintenance sleeve pipe 26.
During the lower water of the utility model lifting, the maintenance hatch 8 of its dry chamber first is not arranged on above cabin body 4.Under the effect of deadweight, cylindrical foundation 1 first enters the mud certain depth, and forms the initial sealing condition; Afterwards, start cylindrical foundation 1 erecting tools pump sled piece and extract the seawater of cylindrical foundation 1 inside out, make cylindrical foundation 1 under the effect of negative pressure injection to projected depth.After cylindrical foundation 1 injection puts in place, then water under lifting maintenance sleeve, and be connected with cabin body 4, at this moment, the caulking gum 22 that is located at the maintenance sleeve inner is compressed, has filled densely the space between maintenance sleeve and cabin body 4, has well played waterproof action.After the maintenance sleeve jacket casing connects contraposition, the flange 23 of establishing is within it fixed with the adpting flange 10 use bolts of cabin body 4.Carry out squeezing into of waterproof casing 18 along waterproof casing guiding 5 respectively after the installation of maintenance sleeve, after each waterproof casing 18 is squeezed into and is put in place, annular space between waterproof casing 18 and waterproof casing guiding 5 is poured cement paste 7 fixed, prevent that seawater from entering in cabin body 4 from cabin body 4 bottoms.After waterproof casing 18 installations, discharge the seawater of body 4 inside, cabin, make the interior formation dry type of cabin body 4 environment, then, each well head is carried out respectively drillng operation.After drilling well is completed, production tree 16, banked direction control valves 19, multinomial flow meter 20 are installed on each well head, and with connecting line 17, above-mentioned each equipment and well head external connector 11 are coupled together.After installation, then at the inner setting pressure checkout equipment 12 of cabin body 4.After each equipment and pipeline installation, again with the power interface on each well head production tree 16, the equipment control circuit, the detection system circuit is connected with umbilical cables external connector 13 on cabin body 4, the maintenance hatch 8 at installation cabin body 4 tops after above work is completed, and fix with bolt.Dismounting maintenance sleeve, i.e. installation after fixedly completing.
Before work, nearby rely between platform and the utility model to be connected submerged pipeline and umbilical cables, after completing above work, the utility model can carry out oil producing operation.
As shown in Figure 4, the small-sized fault of some routines occurs in oil recovery process when this underwater dry-type shaft collar after, can adopt maintenance sleeve pipe 26 to carry out the maintenance of well head.During maintenance, at first will keep in repair the lower water of sleeve pipe 26 lifting, and then, outward flange 27 and the cabin body 4 that is located at maintenance sleeve pipe 26 be keeped in repair flange on manholes 9 carry out bolt and be connected.Connect complete after, discharge the seawater of maintenance sleeve inner, the maintenance personal enters to maintenance manhole 9 places along the maintenance sleeve, removes manhole cover, can enter and carry out the maintenance of well head in cabin body 4 under the dry type environment.After maintenance is completed, according to the orderly release maintenance sleeve pipe 26 opposite with installation.
As shown in Figure 5, when larger fault appears in this underwater dry-type shaft collar in oil recovery process, in the time of need to carrying out large repairs, can adopt the maintenance sleeve to keep in repair.The mounting method of the installation of maintenance sleeve during with installation dry type shaft collar is the same, after the installation of maintenance sleeve, seawater in expelling tube, remove the connecting bolt of cabin body 4 top maintenance hatchs 8 and cabin body 8, the well head top can use workover rig to carry out the maintenance activity of well head just without any obstacle.Maintenance hatch 8 after maintenance is completed on installation cabin body 4 is removed the maintenance sleeve, and underwater well head just can continue operation.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model, be not that the utility model is done any pro forma restriction, every foundation technical spirit of the present utility model all still belongs in the scope of technical solutions of the utility model any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment does.