CN202621742U - Laser heating rivet-free riveting device - Google Patents
Laser heating rivet-free riveting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN202621742U CN202621742U CN 201220240687 CN201220240687U CN202621742U CN 202621742 U CN202621742 U CN 202621742U CN 201220240687 CN201220240687 CN 201220240687 CN 201220240687 U CN201220240687 U CN 201220240687U CN 202621742 U CN202621742 U CN 202621742U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a laser heating rivet-free riveting device, belonging to the technical field of automobile manufacture. The device consists of a composite punching head, a composite blank holder and a composite concave mold, wherein the composite punching head is internally sleeved into the composite blank holder, and the composite punching head, a workpiece and the concave mold are coaxially arranged from top to bottom; a hollow circular hole is arranged at the centers of the composite punching head and the composite concave mold, and each hollow hole is internally provided with an optical fiber tube and a concave lens; and the surface where the composite blank holder and the composite concave mold are in contact with a plate material is annually provided with a groove, and the groove is used for distributing a thermistor, i.e. a conducting wire is connected with a laser control system. According to the laser heating rivet-free riveting device, a region can be formed by the means that a riveting material is heated by the laser before forming in a riveting way, so that the forming performance of the material can be increased, the fragile material is hard to fissure and rupture in the process of riveting, the plastic deformation resistance of the material can be reduced, the plate material can be sufficiently deformed in the process of forming, a riveting joint which is better in quality can be easily obtained, and the requirements such as riveting force and rigidity of the riveting equipment can be reduced along with the decrease of the plastic deformation resistance of the material.
Description
Technical field
The no rivet device of a kind of field of automobile that the utility model relates to specifically is that a kind of LASER HEATING does not have the rivet device.
Technical background
The fierce day by day contradiction of developing of automobile industry and world energy sources, environmental problem has promoted the development of automobile lightweight theory; Under this theory; Aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy are because density is low; Characteristics such as good corrosion resistance are increasing to be applied in the automobile industry, and high-strength steel, carbon fibre material have higher specific strength and also on vehicle body, obtained extensive use.Almag because have higher thermal conductivity, the surface is prone to oxidation, so traditional spot welding connects technology and is difficult to realize the connection between the almag plate; And new structure often need be connected between different materials such as steel and the aluminium alloy; Put this moment when being welded in welding of different materials because fusing point and thermal expansion coefficient difference are bigger; Hard and crisp metallic compound appears in solder joint during welding, is difficult to realize welding point effectively.
The application of new material has promoted the development of new technology; The shortcoming that is welded in the connection of novel light material to point proposes not have rivet technology abroad; No rivet technology belongs to mechanical pressure-riveting process; Plastic deformation takes place in plate in die under the effect of drift pressure and since the inner structure of die make up and down plate in flow process in the inner amount of being bumped into that forms of die, realize up and down between the two boards material locked, connect.Therefore do not have the rivet process and belong to the cold forming process, the stress that does not have to be brought in the spot welding plate melting process such as concentrates at problem, and no rivet joint also has the resistance to vibration more desirable than spot welding outside the static mechanical performance having preferably.And be thrust phenomenons such as material generation crackle owing to the material forming poor-performing aluminium alloy often occurs in no rivet forming process for hydronalium; For high-strength steel,, be not easy to be shaped in addition, in the riveted joint forming process, need bigger shaping drag, no rivet equipment is had higher requirement, increased the riveted joint cost because the material yield limit is higher.
The forming property of temperature control forming technique ability reinforcing material reduces material yield, strength degree, increases the ductility of material, forming property.For aluminum alloy materials, along with the rising material yield limit reduction of forming temperature, the material forming drag reduces, and the material forming limit improves, and in punching course, is not easy to occur crackle and thrusts.
Summary of the invention
The utility model is to the deficiency of at present no rivet technology; Propose a kind of LASER HEATING and do not have the rivet device; Increase almag metal forming performance through introducing LASER HEATING temperature control manufacturing process, to solve the problem that formability difference materials such as almag are thrust in the riveted joint process; Utilize LASER HEATING temperature control manufacturing process to reduce the material yield limit simultaneously, the resistance of deformation when reducing plastic deformation takes place has reduced the requirement of riveted joint Materials with High Strength to no rivet equipment rivet force, frame stiffness.
The utility model realizes that through following technical scheme accompanying drawings is following:
A kind of LASER HEATING does not have the rivet device, mainly is made up of compound punch, compound blank holder, compound die and laser control system, be placed in the said compound punch (1) in the compound blank holder (5), and with workpiece, compound die (11) coaxial arrangement from top to bottom; Described compound punch (1) is hollow frustum cone structure; Hollow circular hole I (4) internal whorl assembling optical fiber tube I (2) and concavees lens I (3), concavees lens I (3) are contained in fiber optic light pipe I (2) bottom, and concavees lens I (3) has a slight distance apart from compound punch (1) lower surface; Compound punch (1) lower surface diameter is less than the upper surface diameter; Be that outer surface is provided with certain withdrawing pattern oblique angle, move back mould to make things convenient for drift, the edge, lower surface is provided with circular chamfering.
Said compound blank holder (5) is for being used to apply the circular cylinder of pressure-pad-force; Its lower surface is offered a pair of rectangular recess (6) at least near the central hole hoop; Each groove be connected along diametric square groove (8); (be fixed with thermistor (7) in the rectangular recess (6), the outer surface of thermistor is higher than the lower surface of compound blank holder (5), can fully touch on the riveted joint plate to guarantee thermistor; The wire arrangements that links to each other with thermistor and links to each other with laser control system in square groove (8).)
Said compound die (11) top is provided with cavity; It is semicircular annular groove (12) that bottom circumference place is provided with the cross section; The bottom center is provided with hollow circular hole II (14); Hollow circular hole II (14) internal whorl assembling optical fiber tube II (16) and concavees lens II (15), concavees lens II (15) is located at the top of optical fiber tube II (16), and concavees lens II (15) upper surface is lower than compound die (11) upper surface.
Said compound die (11) upper surface offers rectangular recess (6) near cavity place hoop; Each groove be connected along diametric square groove (8); Thermistor (7) is arranged in the rectangular recess (6) on the compound die (11), and the outer surface of thermistor (7) is higher than the upper surface of compound die (11), can fully touch on the riveted joint plate to guarantee thermistor (7); The wire arrangements that links to each other with thermistor (7) and links to each other with laser control system in square groove (8).
The utility model is compared prior art and is had the following advantages: combine the temperature control forming technique; Through no rivet material riveted joint zone is heated; Increase material forming ability such as ductility, flowability has been avoided the generation of fragile material crackle in the riveted joint forming process on the one hand; Reduce the resistance of deformation of high-strength plate generation plastic deformation on the other hand, improved the Materials with High Strength plastic deformation ability, can rivet out the better joint of quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.
Fig. 2 is compound blank holder structural representation.
Fig. 3 is compound die joint sketch map.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment process chart, wherein:
Fig. 4 (a) LASER HEATING;
Fig. 4 (b) stops heating and begins the riveted joint shaping;
Fig. 4 (c) drift touches plate;
Fig. 4 (d) drift moves to lower dead center, and riveted joint finishes.
Fig. 4 (e) drift resets.
Among the figure: 1. 10. times plates of plate, 11. compound die 12. semicircular rings connected in stars 13. cylindrical protrusions 14. hollow circular hole II 15. concavees lens II 16. optical fiber tube II on compound punch 2. optical fiber tube I 3. concavees lens I 4. hollow circular hole I 5. compound blank holder 6. rectangular recess 7. leads 8. square grooves 9.
The specific embodiment
Below for the embodiment to utility model elaborates, present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the utility model technical scheme, has provided detailed embodiment and specific operation process, but the protection domain of the utility model is not limited to following embodiment.
The utility model comprises compound punch (1), compound blank holder (5) and compound die (11) and Laser emission control section.Wherein be placed in the compound blank holder (5) in the compound punch (1), and with the coaxial arrangement successively from top to bottom of plate (9), (10) and compound die (11) up and down.
Compound punch (1) is a frustum cone structure, and the center is provided with hollow circular hole I (4), and compound punch (1) lower surface diameter is less than the upper surface diameter, and compound punch (1) outer surface is provided with certain withdrawing pattern oblique angle, moves back mould to make things convenient for drift.Arrange optical fiber tube I (2) and concavees lens I (3) in the hollow circular hole I of compound punch (1) (4).
Optical fiber tube I (2) fixes through screw thread in the hollow circular hole I (4) of compound punch; Optical fiber tube I (2) has concavees lens I (3); Concavees lens I (3) has a small distance very apart from compound punch 1 lower surface, and the spot light of optical fiber tube I (2) output shines the plate of riveted joint up and down (9), (10) surface that will heat through the transmission work of concavees lens I (3) in order to certain angular dispersed.
Choose the concavees lens I (3) of suitable curvature, the laser border circular areas that makes irradiation rivet plate (9), (10) surface up and down is riveted joint plate shaped region.
Compound blank holder (5) bottom is provided with a pair of rectangular recess (6) at least near the central hole hoop, and be connected along diametric little groove square groove (8).Arrange thermistor in the rectangular recess (6), the lead that is connected with thermistor (7) is arranged in the square groove (8).Thermistor protrudes from compound blank holder (5) lower surface, contacts well with last plate (9) to guarantee thermistor.
Compound die (11) top is provided with center cavity, and it is semicircular annular groove (12) that circumference place, center cavity bottom is provided with the cross section, and is provided with cylindrical protrusions (13) at the center cavity center.Cylindrical protrusions (13) diameter is less than die center cavity diameter, and between two diameters, to have the cross section be semicircular rings connected in star (12).
Have hollow circular hole II (14) at the center cavity circle centre position, arrange optical fiber tube II (16) and concavees lens II (15) in it.Hollow circular hole II (14) inwall is provided with screw thread; Optical fiber tube II (16) and concavees lens II (15) carry out screw thread to be fixed; Concavees lens II (15) has a small distance very apart from compound die (11) upper surface, and the spot light of optical fiber tube II (16) output shines following riveted joint plate (10) surface that will heat through the transmission work of concavees lens II (15) in order to certain angular dispersed.
Choose the concavees lens of suitable curvature, make the laser border circular areas of irradiation riveted joint panel surface be riveted joint plate shaped region.
At least be provided with a pair of rectangular recess (6) at compound die (11) upper surface near cavity wall place hoop, and be connected along diametric originating party connected in star (8).Arrange thermistor in the rectangular recess (6), the wire arrangements that is connected with thermistor is in square groove (8).Thermistor protrudes from the die upper surface, contacts well with following riveted joint plate (10) to guarantee thermistor.
Compound die (11), compound punch (1) are the very high mould steel of hardness, like Cr12MoV etc.
Laser control system is by power supply, mainboard, and the Laser Driven plate, temperature control panel, system control panel, the optical-fiber laser output module, compositions such as optical fiber tube belong to conventional design, and laser control module can be chosen by market.
Optical fiber output laser module is installed in the heat radiation refrigeration module, and is normal to guarantee laser output module running hours temperature.Output laser is connected with optical fiber through the joints of optical fibre, and incides on the riveted joint plate through optical fiber tube, concavees lens in compound punch and the compound die.
The thermistor of equipment on compound blank holder (5) and compound die (11) can heat the plate temperature by at-once monitor, the control system closure LASER HEATING through being attached thereto when temperature reaches target temperature, and startup compound punch (1) is riveted shaping.
During the work of the utility model device; Earlier workpiece to be riveted is positioned on the compound die (11); Drive compound blank holder (5) then and compress plate, control laser output module output laser this moment, laser is radiated at up and down on the plate shaped region through optical fiber tube, concavees lens.The plate shaped region is in laser radiation intensification of following moment up and down; Thermistor through on compound blank holder (5) and the compound die (11) detects the plate temperature immediately; When the plate temperature reaches the best riveted joint temperature, stop heating, and startup compound punch (1) is riveted.Be in that plate has ductility preferably under the high temperature, the generation of crackle when therefore in the riveted joint process, having avoided the fragile material riveted joint, the rivet force when also having reduced the riveted joint high-strength steel simultaneously.After riveted joint is accomplished, recover the initial station of drift, LASER HEATING does not have rivet technology and accomplishes.
Consult shown in the figure (1), this example comprises: compound punch (1), compound blank holder (5), rivet plate (9), (10), compound die (11) up and down.Compound punch (1), compound blank holder (5), rivet plate (9), (10) and compound die (11) up and down and arrange successively that from top to bottom compound punch (1) is socketed in the compound blank holder (5), compound die (11) and compound punch (1) coaxial arrangement.
Compound punch (1), hollow circular hole I (4) are connected through screw thread with optical fiber tube I (2), the outer concavees lens I (3) that arrange of optical fiber tube I (2), and concavees lens I (3) lower surface is 1mm apart from compound punch (1) lower surface distance.
Compound punch (1) is hollow frustum cone structure, and compound punch (1) base diameter is 5.2mm, and hollow circular hole I (4) is all 3mm mutually with optical fiber tube I (2) diameter, and compound punch 1 outer wall drafting angle is 5 °, and compound punch (1) bottom margin radius of corner is 0.5mm.
Compound punch (1) initial position lower surface is 9mm apart from last riveted joint material 9 distances, focal distance f=6mm of the concavees lens I (3) that selects for use.
Consult shown in the figure (2), compound blank holder (5) is 2mm square groove (8) being provided with width on two orthogonal diametric(al)s on the lower surface, and is being provided with width near the inner periphery place respectively and is being 4mm highly, and length is the rectangular channel (17) of 6mm.Arrange thermistor in the rectangular channel, can fully touch the riveted joint material for guaranteeing thermistor, the thermistor upper surface exceeds blank holder 1mm, and the wire arrangements that is connected with thermistor is in square groove (8).
Consult shown in the figure (3); Compound die (11) cylindrical cavity diameter is 8mm; Be provided with cylindrical protrusions (13) in bottom, the cylindrical protrusions upper surface is 1.4mm apart from die upper surface distance, and between cylindrical protrusions and cavity, being provided with diameter of section is the semicircular rings connected in star (12) of 1mm.
Consult shown in the figure (3); The cavity center place has hollow circular hole II (14) at compound die (11); Hollow circular hole II (14) diameter is identical with optical fiber tube II (16) diameter, is 3mm, and through screw thread optical fiber tube II (16) is fixed among the hollow circular hole II (14); The outer concavees lens II (15) that arrange of optical fiber tube II (16), the concavees lens upper surface is 1mm apart from cylindrical protrusions (13) upper surface distance.
Focal distance f=1.44mm of the concavees lens II (15) that selects for use.
Consult shown in Figure 3ly, be 2mm square groove (8) being provided with width on two orthogonal diametric(al)s on compound die (11) upper surface, and be provided with width near the inner periphery place respectively and be 4mm highly that length is the rectangular recess (6) of 6mm.Arrange thermistor in the rectangular recess (6), can fully touch the riveted joint material for guaranteeing thermistor, the thermistor upper surface exceeds compound blank holder 1mm, and the lead 7 that is connected with thermistor is arranged in the square groove (8).
Compound punch (1), compound blank holder (5), compound groove (11) all are adopted as the very high mould steel of hardness, like Cr12MoV etc.
The used material of riveted joint up and down (9), (10) of present embodiment are 5083 aluminum alloy materials, rivet sheet thickness up and down and are 1mm.
Compound punch in the riveted joint process (1) drawing velocity is 100mm/min; To be compound punch (1) lower surface invade three of compound die (11) degree of depth apart from summation apart from plate distance, two sheet thicknesses, compound punch (1) to compound punch (1) stroke distances, and compound punch in this example (1) stroke is 11.7mm.
Regulating optical-fiber laser output module laser output power in the present embodiment is 1Kw.
The present embodiment implementing procedure will be riveted plate (9) up and down, (10) are positioned on compound die (11) mould, drive compound blank holder (11) shown in Fig. 4 (a-e), compress riveted joint plate (9); Optical fiber output laser module output laser, and, incide plate riveted joint location through optical fiber tube, concavees lens, optical fiber output laser module power output is 1Kw, the laser power density that incides plate riveted joint zone is 10
3W/cm
2Immediately measure heating plate temperature through the thermistor that is arranged in compound blank holder (5) bottom, compound die (11) upper surface place, when temperature is heated to 300 °, stop heating, and start compound punch (1) and begin riveted joint and be shaped through laser control system; Compound punch (1) punching press downwards riveted joint plate, up to reaching the drift lower dead center, this moment, riveted joint finished, and plate is riveted under compound punch (1) the pressure effect in compound die (11) travel from latching connector up and down; Keep drift at bottom dead center position, plate later carries out the upsetting pressurize behind the anti-stopping mould; Return initial station, LASER HEATING does not have rivet and accomplishes.
Claims (4)
1. a LASER HEATING does not have the rivet device, mainly is made up of compound punch, compound blank holder, compound die, it is characterized in that, be placed in the said compound punch (1) in the compound blank holder (5), and with workpiece, compound die (11) coaxial arrangement from top to bottom; Described compound punch (1) is hollow frustum cone structure; Hollow circular hole I (4) internal whorl assembling optical fiber tube I (2) and concavees lens I (3); Concavees lens I (3) is contained in fiber optic light pipe I (2) bottom; Concavees lens I (3) has a slight distance apart from compound punch (1) lower surface, and compound punch (1) lower surface diameter is less than the upper surface diameter, and the edge, lower surface is provided with circular chamfering.
2. a kind of LASER HEATING according to claim 1 does not have the rivet device; It is characterized in that said compound blank holder (5) is for being used to apply the circular cylinder of pressure-pad-force, its lower surface is offered a pair of rectangular recess (6) at least near the central hole hoop; Each groove be connected along diametric square groove (8); Be fixed with thermistor (7) in the rectangular recess (6), the outer surface of thermistor is higher than the lower surface of compound blank holder (5), can fully touch on the riveted joint plate to guarantee thermistor; The wire arrangements that links to each other with thermistor and links to each other with laser control system in square groove (8).
3. a kind of LASER HEATING according to claim 1 and 2 does not have the rivet device; It is characterized in that; Said compound die (11) top is provided with center cavity; It is semicircular annular groove (12) that bottom circumference place is provided with the cross section, and the bottom center is provided with hollow circular hole II (14), hollow circular hole II (14) internal whorl assembling optical fiber tube II (16) and concavees lens II (15); Concavees lens II (15) is located at the top of optical fiber tube II (16), and concavees lens II (15) upper surface is lower than compound die (11) upper surface.
4. a kind of LASER HEATING according to claim 3 does not have the rivet device; It is characterized in that; Said compound die (11) upper surface offers rectangular recess (6) near cavity place hoop, each groove be connected along diametric square groove (8), thermistor (7) is arranged in the rectangular recess (6) on the compound die (11); And the outer surface of thermistor (7) is higher than the upper surface of compound die (11); Guaranteeing that thermistor (7) can fully touch on the riveted joint plate, the wire arrangements that links to each other with thermistor (7) and links to each other with laser control system in square groove (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220240687 CN202621742U (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Laser heating rivet-free riveting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220240687 CN202621742U (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Laser heating rivet-free riveting device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202621742U true CN202621742U (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220240687 Withdrawn - After Issue CN202621742U (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Laser heating rivet-free riveting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202621742U (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102672062A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 吉林大学 | Laser heating rivetless riveting device |
| CN104607557A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-13 | 吉林大学 | Self-punching riveting device of ultrahigh strength steel plate and aluminum alloy plate |
| CN104816091A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-08-05 | 山东大学 | Pulse laser synchronous riveting and welding method and device of ultrathin plates |
| CN105479770A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Preparing method of carbon fiber composite board and non-rivet riveting die and method of carbon fiber composite board and aluminum alloy board |
| CN105728575A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 西安交通大学 | Double-punch combination multi-degree-of-freedom flat bottom non-rivet plastic connection technology for light plate materials |
| CN107914077A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of flat no riveting connection method of the auxiliary heat of the friction of lightweight plate |
| CN108956702A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-07 | 徐州中安科技股份有限公司 | A kind of nail-free riveting joint quality checking method of metal material |
| CN109693402A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-30 | 燕山大学 | Carbon fibre composite and aluminum alloy materials are without riveting punching press vibration connection method and its mold |
| CN109719216A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-05-07 | 合肥高科科技股份有限公司 | A kind of technology of the application of TOX riveting technology on underbeam |
| CN110000287A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of no rivet glues the optimization molding system and method for riveting connection |
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2012
- 2012-05-25 CN CN 201220240687 patent/CN202621742U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102672062A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 吉林大学 | Laser heating rivetless riveting device |
| CN102672062B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-02-11 | 吉林大学 | Laser heating rivetless riveting device |
| CN104607557A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-05-13 | 吉林大学 | Self-punching riveting device of ultrahigh strength steel plate and aluminum alloy plate |
| CN104816091A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-08-05 | 山东大学 | Pulse laser synchronous riveting and welding method and device of ultrathin plates |
| CN104816091B (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-05-04 | 山东大学 | The synchronous riveted seaming method of ultra-thin sheet material pulsed laser and device |
| CN105479770A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Preparing method of carbon fiber composite board and non-rivet riveting die and method of carbon fiber composite board and aluminum alloy board |
| CN105728575A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2016-07-06 | 西安交通大学 | Double-punch combination multi-degree-of-freedom flat bottom non-rivet plastic connection technology for light plate materials |
| CN105728575B (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2018-07-03 | 西安交通大学 | The flat no riveting plastic joining technique of the compound multiple degrees of freedom of double punches of aluminium alloy sheet |
| CN107914077A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of flat no riveting connection method of the auxiliary heat of the friction of lightweight plate |
| CN108956702A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-12-07 | 徐州中安科技股份有限公司 | A kind of nail-free riveting joint quality checking method of metal material |
| CN109693402A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-30 | 燕山大学 | Carbon fibre composite and aluminum alloy materials are without riveting punching press vibration connection method and its mold |
| CN109693402B (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-04-14 | 燕山大学 | Riveting-free stamping vibration connection method and die for carbon fiber composite material and aluminum alloy material |
| CN109719216A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-05-07 | 合肥高科科技股份有限公司 | A kind of technology of the application of TOX riveting technology on underbeam |
| CN110000287A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-12 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | A kind of no rivet glues the optimization molding system and method for riveting connection |
| CN110000287B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-01-12 | 一汽-大众汽车有限公司 | Optimized forming system and method for rivet-free adhesive riveting connection |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20121226 Effective date of abandoning: 20150211 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |