Background
With the continuous development of oil fields, formation sand can gradually flow into the bottom of a well along with the production of crude oil, and particularly the problem is more serious for unconsolidated sandstone formations. As formation sand is produced, a depletion zone occurs near the bottom of the well. Causing the phenomenon that the well hole is sand-blocked or the production pipe column is sand-buried. In order to ensure the normal production of an oil well, gravel is usually filled between a stratum borehole and a casing which is lowered into the stratum borehole, or materials such as resin sand are filled, a gravel artificial borehole wall with certain strength and permeability or an artificial borehole wall formed by cementing the stratum sand and the resin sand is formed outside the casing, so that oil layer sand is prevented from flowing into the borehole, the oil and sand introducing and blocking effects are achieved, meanwhile, the stratum is supported, and the collapse of the stratum borehole is prevented.
At present, in order to improve the sand control effect of an oil well, people develop various sand control simulation test devices, but the sand control simulation test devices mainly aim at the research of horizontal well gravel packing sand control and are single in function. For example, from the beginning of the 80 s, companies such as schrenberg, harlebrandon, chevrons, beckhaus and the like in the United states and the university of Black Ratt-Watt in the United kingdom, a horizontal well gravel packing mechanism test study is carried out by using a large-sized real-size horizontal well gravel packing simulation test device, a horizontal well gravel packing mathematical model is established, and horizontal well gravel packing numerical simulation, parameter optimization, sand prevention effect prediction and the like are carried out, so that an ideal result is obtained. A set of physical simulation test device suitable for horizontal well gravel packing is established by domestic institute of oil extraction technology in Shengli oil field. The device belongs to a large-scale actual-size gravel sand prevention simulation experiment device and is provided with a transparent simulation shaft, wherein the outer diameter of the shaft is 200mm, the inner diameter is 160mm, and the total length is 30 m. A87 mm wire-wrapped screen pipe, a flushing pipe and a gravel packing tool combined pipe column are assembled in the shaft, and gravel is filled in the simulated shaft through a water supply centrifugal pump, a mortar stirring tank and a sand pump. However, the known test device can only carry out the horizontal well gravel pack sand prevention simulation test in a normal temperature state, and cannot realize the simulation test function of artificial well wall sand prevention.
The known simulation test device and the known simulation test method can not obtain the data for testing the sand filling quality and the sand filling effect of the resin sand and the artificial gravel in the normal-temperature high-pressure and high-temperature high-pressure states, the influence on the sand control effect under various factors, the construction parameters required by sand filling and the sand control capability of different types of resin sand in the artificial well wall model designed for the stratum before the artificial well wall formed by the stratum sand and the resin sand is formed in the voided stratum, so that the artificial well wall sand control construction operation of the oil field is not facilitated.
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model discloses the people are according to the production design experience of pursuing in this field and relevant field for many years, develop the utility model discloses an artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device to the sand control operation for the oil field scene provides favorable foundation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an artificial borehole wall sand control analogue test device to overcome the defect that the known art exists, conveniently obtain the sand control effect of experimental resin sand.
Therefore, the utility model provides an artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device, it includes at least: the cylinder body can contain fillers forming the artificial well wall; two ends of the cylinder body are respectively fixed with an end cover in a sealing way, one end cover is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end cover is provided with a liquid outlet.
The artificial well wall sand control simulation test device is characterized in that a sand control net is arranged on one side, facing the filler, of the end cover with the liquid outlet.
As above artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device, wherein, the outside cladding of barrel has the heating circle, the heating circle can be fixed through the hot plate on the periphery wall of barrel.
The artificial well wall sand prevention simulation test device is characterized in that the heating ring is provided with a heat insulation layer on the outer side.
The artificial borehole wall sand control simulation test device comprises a sand filling material, a sand mixing material and a sand mixing liquid, wherein the sand mixing material is formed by mixing a sand filling material and a sand mixing liquid.
The artificial borehole wall sand control simulation test device is characterized in that the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder body is provided with a glue layer to prevent resin sand from being stuck on the inner surface of the cylinder body.
The artificial borehole wall sand control simulation test device comprises a cylinder body, an end cover, a supporting ring, a rubber layer and a liquid outlet, wherein the end cover is provided with the liquid outlet and extends into the cylinder body; the supporting ring is provided with a plurality of through holes along the axial direction, and a sand prevention net is fixed on the supporting ring so as to block the sand in the cylinder from flowing out.
The artificial borehole wall sand control simulation test device is characterized in that a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the cylinder body along the length direction of the cylinder body.
The artificial well wall sand control simulation test device is characterized in that the pressure sensors are uniformly arranged along the length and the circumferential direction of the cylinder body.
The utility model discloses a characteristics and advantage are:
the utility model discloses an artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device simple structure, use convenient operation both can carry out the process that the oil well simulated the artifical wall of a well sand control construction under corresponding experimental condition, can simulate the process of oil well production after the artifical wall of a well sand control again to reach the mesh of the sand control construction of effective guide sand control construction design and scene.
The utility model discloses can pack the stratum sand of different grade type in the barrel to can carry out analogue test to the artifical wall of a well sand control condition of different blocks, different oil wells respectively. The stratum sand prefabricated layer can allow simulated sand mixing liquid to enter, for example, the sand mixing liquid containing resin sand to enter, the sand mixing liquid is injected under certain pressure, and the filling quality and the filling effect of the stratum sand prefabricated layer are judged through pressure data transmitted by pressure sensors arranged at different positions in the device; the sand control net arranged at the liquid outlet end of the cylinder body allows fluid to pass through and can block the outflow of sand. After the sand control simulation is finished, after the resin sand and the stratum sand are cemented to form the artificial well wall, the production simulation process of the oil well after sand control can be carried out. At the moment, reverse injection is adopted, whether sand is produced or not is observed at the liquid outlet, the sand production amount and the sand production granularity can be detected, and therefore the resin sand adaptive to different geological conditions can be selected according to the different geological conditions. Therefore, the utility model discloses can provide reliable foundation to the screening of sand control material, sand-carrying liquid prescription, the optimization of sand control construction parameter.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a pair of artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device includes at least: the cylinder body can contain fillers forming the artificial well wall; two ends of the cylinder body are respectively fixed with an end cover in a sealing way, one end cover is provided with a liquid inlet, and the other end cover is provided with a liquid outlet. The utility model discloses an artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device simple structure, convenient operation.
Wherein, the filler can be formation sand and sand mixing liquid containing resin sand.
Further, the outside of barrel is wrapped with the heating circle. In a specific technical scheme, the heating ring can be fixed on the heating plate, and the heating ring is fixed on the peripheral wall of the cylinder body through the heating plate, and the heating ring, the heating plate and the cylinder body can be fixedly arranged by adopting a conventional method. The heating ring is arranged outside the cylinder body, so that the cylinder body can be heated to solidify the resin sand entering the model cylinder body, the temperature of the underground stratum is simulated, and the sand prevention effect of the resin sand filled into the cylinder body at the specified temperature is tested.
In order to improve the heating efficiency, an insulating layer can be arranged outside the heating ring.
In addition, the resin sand injected into the cylinder is prevented from being coated on the inner surface of the cylinder, and a glue layer can be arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder.
Further, in order to prevent the sand in the cylinder from flowing out, a sand control net is preferably arranged on the side, facing the filler, of the end cover with the liquid outlet.
In a feasible scheme, the end cover with the liquid outlet extends into the cylinder, the end part of the extending end is fixedly connected with a supporting ring, and the outer diameter of the supporting ring is matched with the inner diameter of the glue layer so as to support the glue layer; the supporting ring is provided with a plurality of through holes along the axial direction, and the sand control net is fixed on the supporting ring.
The utility model discloses an among the concrete technical scheme be equipped with a plurality of pressure sensor along its length direction in the barrel, through setting up pressure sensor just can learn the change of the pressure at different positions in the barrel.
For right the utility model discloses a technical feature, purpose and effect have clearer understanding, combine figure and preferred embodiment below, right the utility model discloses a concrete implementation, structure, characteristic and efficiency of artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device and test method, the detailed description is like the back. In addition, through the description of the embodiments, the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined purpose can be more deeply and specifically understood, however, the attached drawings are only provided for reference and description, and are not used for limiting the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the artificial borehole wall sand prevention simulation test device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at I; fig. 3 is the utility model discloses a schematic diagram of artifical wall of a well sand control analogue test device.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides an artificial well wall sand control simulation test device includes at least: the cylinder body 8 can contain the filler 5 forming the artificial well wall; two ends of the cylinder 8 are respectively fixed with an end cover 4, 12 in a sealing way, one of the end covers is provided with a liquid inlet 15 communicated with the cylinder 8, and the other end cover is provided with a liquid outlet 16 communicated with the cylinder 8.
Wherein, the filler 5 can be formation sand and sand mixing liquid containing resin sand.
The cylinder 8 is preferably made of stainless steel having good heat conductivity.
In a possible embodiment, a heating plate (not shown) is coated outside the cylinder 8, a heating ring 7 is fixed on the heating plate, the cylinder 8 can be heated through the heating ring 7, the resin sand entering the model cylinder is solidified, the temperature of the underground stratum is simulated, and the sand control effect of the resin sand filled in the cylinder at the specified temperature is tested.
Further, the outside of the heating ring 7 is provided with a heat insulation layer 6 to improve the heating efficiency and keep the temperature in the cylinder 8.
In order to prevent the resin sand injected into the cylinder 8 from adhering to the inner surface of the cylinder 8 after the cylinder 8 is heated, and to reduce the service life of the test apparatus, a glue layer 13 may be provided on the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder 8.
The glue layer 13 may be coated on the inner surface of the cylinder 8, or may be a rubber sleeve matching with the inner diameter of the cylinder 8.
Further, in order to prevent the glue layer 13 from being separated from the inner surface of the cylinder 8, a supporting ring 11 is arranged in the cylinder 8 to support the glue layer 13, and the supporting ring 11 is arranged at one end of the cylinder 8. Specifically, one end of an end cover 12 with a liquid outlet 16 extends into the cylinder 8, and the supporting ring 11 is fixed on an extending end 17 of the end cover 12. The supporting ring 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 3 along the axial direction, and a sand control net 9 is fixed on the supporting ring 11 to block the sand in the cylinder body 8 from flowing out.
The sand control screen 9 is preferably fastened to the side of the carrier ring 11 facing the filling material 5.
As shown in fig. 3, a plurality of pressure sensors 1 are provided in the cylinder 8 along the longitudinal direction thereof.
Preferably, the pressure sensors 1 are uniformly arranged along the length and the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
The utility model provides an artificial shaft wall sand control analogue test method includes: stratum sand is filled into the cylinder body 8 of the artificial well wall sand control test device; injecting sand mixing liquid containing resin sand into the liquid inlet 15 through a liquid inlet pipe, and filling the cylinder 8 with the sand mixing liquid; keeping the pressure in the cylinder 8 the same as the actual pressure of the simulated oil well; the heating ring arranged outside the cylinder body 8 heats the formation sand and the sand mixing liquid containing resin sand in the cylinder body, so that the formation sand and the resin sand glue structure form an artificial well wall, and redundant liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet 16 in the process of injecting the sand mixing liquid containing resin sand and the cementation of the sand mixing liquid containing resin sand and the formation sand. After the artificial well wall is formed, similar liquid is injected into the cylinder body 8 from the liquid outlet 16, and the similar liquid passes through the artificial well wall and flows out from the liquid inlet 15, wherein the similar liquid is liquid with similar properties to the liquid produced by an oil well, such as similar viscosity, similar density, similar fluidity and the like. In the process of injecting similar liquid into the cylinder body 8, the pressure sensor 1 obtains the pressure changes of different parts in the cylinder body 8, and the sand yield and the sand grain size are obtained from the fluid discharged from the liquid inlet, so as to determine the sand control effect of the resin sand.
Adopt the utility model discloses a when the device carries out analogue test, it is right heating temperature when barrel 8 heats is for being greater than indoor temperature, 95 degrees less than or equal to.
Further, the pressure in the cylinder 8 should be less than or equal to 30 MPa.
The working principle of the present invention is further explained below with reference to a specific embodiment:
the utility model discloses an artificial shaft wall sand control analogue test device, barrel 8 can be made by stainless steel's hollow tube, constitutes the simulation pit shaft of artificial shaft wall sand control. As shown in fig. 2, the cylinder 8 may be formed such that the outer diameter of the connecting ends 81 at both ends is larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder body 80, a heating ring 7 is provided outside the cylinder body 80 of the cylinder 8, the heating ring 7 is formed of two corresponding semicircular shapes so as to be easily attached and detached, and the heating ring 7 may be fixed to a heating plate fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder body 80 through the heating plate. The outside of the heating ring 7 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 6 made of aluminum silicate heat-insulating cotton, and the heat-insulating layer 6 can also be composed of two semicircular cylinders so as to be convenient to install. In one embodiment shown in fig. 2, the inner diameter of the heat insulating layer 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the heating ring 7, and is matched with the outer diameter of the connecting end 81 of the cylinder 8, so that a certain space 2 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the heating ring 7 and the inner circumferential surface of the heat insulating layer 6, and the space 2 can effectively improve the heat insulating effect of the cylinder 8.
In addition, the setting is in the barrel 8 with its internal diameter matched with glue film 13 can be the cylindrical packing element of making by rubber, through the setting of this packing element, can avoid resin sand to glue on the internal surface of barrel 8 on the one hand, improve equipment's life, on the other hand, owing to set up this packing element, can conveniently take out the artifical wall of a well of solidification wholly after experimental completion.
In order to facilitate the test operation, a support 14 can be arranged at the lower part of the artificial well wall sand control simulation test device.
During assembly, a glue layer (cylindrical glue sleeve) 13 is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 8, and a steel bracket 14 is welded in the middle of the outer side of the cylinder 8; the right end of the cylinder 8 is provided with a sand control net 9, the sand control net 9 is fixed on one side surface of a supporting ring 11 facing the inside of the cylinder, the supporting ring 11 is fixed on an end cover 12 on the right side through a bolt 10, the end cover 12 is covered on the right end of the cylinder 8 and is sealed with the inner wall of the cylinder 8 through a sealing ring, and the end cover 12 is fixed on the right end of the cylinder 8 through a bolt. The cylinder body 8 is filled with formation sand, the pressure sensors 1 are uniformly arranged in the formation sand along the axial direction and the circumferential direction while the formation sand is filled, then the left end of the cylinder body 8 is covered with the end cover 4, the end cover 4 is also in sealing connection with the inner wall of the cylinder body 8 through a sealing ring, and the end cover 4 is fixed at the left end of the cylinder body 8 through a bolt. For the convenience of connection, a convex T-shaped connecting part is formed at the liquid inlet and outlet 15 and 16 in the middle of the left and right end covers 4 and 12.
The utility model discloses a test device both can carry out the oil well and simulate the process of oil well artifical wall of a well sand control construction under corresponding test condition, can simulate the process of oil well production after the artifical wall of a well sand control of oil well again. And is suitable for the oil well artificial well wall sand control simulation test with the indoor normal temperature to 95 ℃ and the pressure less than or equal to 30 MPa.
When the artificial well wall sand prevention construction process of the oil well is simulated, the cylinder body 8 is filled with stratum sand, the sand mixing liquid containing resin sand is injected into the cylinder body 8 through the liquid inlet 15, then the stratum sand inside the cylinder body 8 and the injected sand mixing liquid containing resin sand are heated, and redundant liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet 16. After the stratum sand and the resin sand in the cylinder body 8 are solidified, the process of oil well production after the artificial well wall sand control of the oil well can be simulated. At this time, according to the actual pressure condition of the simulated oil well, similar liquid with specified pressure is injected from the liquid outlet 16, the pressure change of different parts in the cylinder 8 is known through the pressure sensor 1, the liquid produced by the simulated oil well flows out from the liquid inlet 15, and then the liquid is subjected to cyclone separation and filtration and enters a liquid storage system for recycling. In this process, carry out on-line monitoring and measurement through the sand volume to the output liquid, evaluate this test device's sand control effect, promptly, through whether contain sand, sand output volume and sand output granularity in the fluid of observing liquid outlet 15 outflow, just can detect out the sand control effect of resin sand.
Consequently, at the oil recovery in-process, to the lacunae stratum, through the utility model discloses a test device and method can be in the model barrel 8 that designs test normal atmospheric temperature high pressure, the sand-packed quality and the sand-packed effect of resin sand under the high temperature high pressure state, and experimental various factors are to the influence of sand control effect, the sand-packed construction parameter of preferred play, the sand control ability of different model resin sand of evaluation to for the design of artifical wall of a well sand control and sand control construction provide favorable foundation.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any person skilled in the art should also realize that such equivalent changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention. Moreover, it should be noted that the components of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned integral application, and various technical features described in the present invention can be selected to be used alone or in combination according to actual needs, so that the present invention naturally covers other combinations and specific applications related to the invention of the present invention.