CN201170295Y

CN201170295Y - Manual / automatic integrated speed variator

Info

Publication number: CN201170295Y
Application number: CNU2008201041047U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张耀新
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-02-26
Filing date: 2008-02-26
Publication date: 2008-12-24
Anticipated expiration: 2018-02-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a manual/automatic integrated speed changer used for a vehicle, consisting of a gear box body, a main shaft and a driven shaft inside the box body, a planet gear clutch corresponding to a forward gear and a reverse gear on the main shaft, and a manual/automatic gear shifting steering mechanism. The manual/automatic integrated speed changer has the advantages that both the manual shift and the automatic shift can be realized, the operation is convenient, the shifting is stable, the novel speed changer does not have a fluid coupling, so that the transmission efficiency is high, the energy almost does not lose, the structure is simple, the manufacture is easy, and the price is low, thereby being widely applied to various small or large vehicles.

Description

A kind of manual integrated speed-changer

Technical field:

The utility model relates to the speed changer of vehicle, specifically is the manual integrated speed-changer that a kind of suitable big or small vehicle uses.

Background technique:

The present employed manual integrated speed-changer of vehicle, structure is extremely complicated, and machine parts'precise costs an arm and a leg, manufacture difficulty is very big, to rely on mostly from external import,, will use fluid torque converter mostly at the front end of this manual integrated speed-changer, thereby the transmission efficiency of this automatic transmission is not high, oil consumption is big, because of there being above deficiency, to make its can not popularization and application to various vehicles.

The model utility content:

The purpose of this utility model be a kind of transmission efficiency height, easy operation are disclosed, easy to manufacture, low price can be applied to the novel manual/automatic integrated speed-changer on all size vehicle.

The utility model purpose realizes by following technical proposals:

Manual integrated speed-changer of the present utility model, comprise planetary pinion clutch, manual selector device in mission case, the casing, it is characterized in that: be provided with main shaft parallel to each other in the casing and from axle, casing is by the bearings main shaft on the wall and from axle, main shaft is connected with motor, be connected with load from axle, installing forward gears gear that differs in size more than 2 and the reverse gear that differs in size more than 1 on the main shaft diverse location, the planetary pinion clutch corresponding with forward gears gear and reverse gear is being installed from axle; The forward gears gear is connected by gear engagement with the planetary pinion clutch with reverse gear, the control that is subjected to of planetary pinion clutch also is connected by gear engagement with manual selector device, " clutch " by the different planetary pinion clutch of the manual selector device control of speed changer, just can change velocity ratio, realize manual gear shift.

Three primary elements---sun gear, planet carrier, the gear ring of the planetary gears in the described planetary pinion clutch are subjected to control, driving link, driven member as required respectively; The gear ring of the planetary pinion clutch that should install with the forward gears gear mesh is subjected to control, the gear ring gear that installs on it is meshed with oil hydraulic motor gear on the hydraulic motor output shaft of manual selector device, the size of control oil hydraulic motor output torque, just can control " clutch " of planetary pinion clutch, thereby reach the purpose of gear shift, planet carrier is made driving link, and the planet carrier gear that installs on it is meshed with the forward gears gear, sun gear is made driven member, and it is packed in from axle; The planet carrier of the planetary pinion clutch of corresponding installation with reverse gear is subjected to control, the planet carrier gear that installs on it is meshed with the oil hydraulic motor gear, and gear ring is made driving link, and the gear ring gear that installs on it is meshed with reverse gear, sun gear is made driven member, and it is packed in from axle; In the planetary pinion clutch as being subjected to the element of control, the position of axle and and casing between be fixed with that positioning bearing positions and the forward gears gear or and the element that is meshed of reverse gear in its position positioning bearing is installed also and positions.

The manual selector device of described speed changer is made up of oil hydraulic motor, oil hydraulic motor gear, microcontroller system circuit, solenoid directional control valve, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, one-way valve, relief valve, accumulator, fuel tank.Microcontroller system circuit design has keyboard, on the keyboard there is design: manual switching button, reverse gear button, first grade of button, second grade of button, third gear button etc.; The control end of solenoid directional control valve, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve is connected with microcontroller system circuit, is controlled by microcontroller system circuit; 2 oil outlets of solenoid directional control valve are connected by oil pipe into and out of hydraulic fluid port with oil hydraulic motor, 2 filler openings of solenoid directional control valve wherein 1 be connected with fuel tank by oil pipe, 1 hydraulic fluid port is connected with the one-way valve oil outlet with the filler opening of accumulator, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, relief valve by oil pipe in addition, and the oil outlet of another hydraulic fluid port of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, the filler opening of one-way valve, relief valve is connected with fuel tank by oil pipe; Throttle sensor, vehicle speed sensor, brake switch sensor are connected with microcontroller system circuit, microcontroller system circuit is by the electrical signal of vehicle speed sensor and throttle sensor, detect the speed of the speed of a motor vehicle and the size of throttle, whether need braking by the brake switch sensor detected vehicle, and according to the electrical signal of the keyboard feedback of the electrical signal of these sensors and microcontroller system circuit, output control corresponding electrical signal, the position of control solenoid directional control valve and the open amount of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve carry out manual gear shift control.

Transmission of power of the present utility model and gearshift procedure are:

Power engine---main shaft---forward gears gear or the reverse gear---driving link of planetary pinion clutch---planetary pinion clutch driven member---from axle---load (driving wheel).The process of handling gear shift promptly be handle the planetary pinion clutch " from ", the process of " closing ", when all planetary pinion clutches all be in " from " during state, can't transmission give from the power of main shaft input, just do not have power output, be equivalent to neutral gear from axle.When needs are changed first grade, allow the clutch of other grade be operated in " from " state, make the planetary pinion clutch of answering be in the state of " closing " again with first grade of forward gears gear mesh, then power is sent to load by first grade velocity ratio with power; Change other grades and comprise that the situation of reverse gear and this are similar, the same time can only have a planetary pinion clutch to be operated in the state of " closing ", other planetary pinion clutch all to be operated in " from " state.

When the automaitc shfit speed change of manual integrated speed-changer of the present utility model is achieved in that engine start, motor drives main axis rotation, forward gears gear and reverse gear are all rotated, the driving link of all planetary pinion clutches and be subjected to control also together the rotation, sun gear is connected with load, and this moment, it did not rotate, and is subjected to the rotation of control that the oil hydraulic motor by gear engagement is also rotated, make oil hydraulic motor be operated in the pump operating mode, the oil outlet of oil hydraulic motor has fluid output.When the vehicle accelerator pedal is not stepped on, throttle sensor does not have electrical signal input microcontroller system circuit, microcontroller system circuit is then controlled the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve and is in fully open position, this moment, all solenoid directional control valves were at meta, the oil hydraulic motor off-load can rotate freely, all planetary pinion clutches be subjected to control unfettered, this moment all clutches be in " from " state, speed changer is equivalent to neutral gear.When throttle is stepped on, after microcontroller system circuit detects the electrical signal of throttle sensor, simultaneously the vehicle speed signal of vehicle speed sensor feedback is for being 0 or when low, the solenoid directional control valve that microcontroller system circuit control is first grade is in right position, the oil hydraulic motor of the control clutch of first grade planetary pinion clutch begins to be subjected to the control of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, the electromagnetic speed-adjusting of microcontroller system circuit control simultaneously valve turns down gradually, throttle is stepped on down more, the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve closes more for a short time, but be not related to dead, make motor can be extremely fire, increasing along with throttle, rotating speed increases, the oil mass of oil hydraulic motor output also increases, but the flow that the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve allows is more and more littler, so the resistance of oil hydraulic motor also increases, when the resistance of oil hydraulic motor greatly to make first grade the planetary pinion clutch can not rotate by control (gear ring) time, first grade planetary pinion clutch is in " closing " state, the power of motor outputs on the driving wheel by sun gear, vehicle begins to advance, when the signal of microcontroller system circuit by the inspection vehicle speed sensors, when finding the speed of a motor vehicle to certain value, microcontroller system circuit is closed the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve fully, finishes one grade of starting-up process.When the speed of a motor vehicle higher, when reaching certain speed, the solenoid directional control valve that Single-chip Controlling is second grade is in right position, first grade solenoid directional control valve is at meta, promptly change second gear, for making gear shift steady, slowly to close again after microcontroller system circuit control electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve is opened in the gearshift procedure, the process of changing other forward gears is similar with the process of changing second grade.

The hand shifting transmission of manual integrated speed-changer of the present utility model is achieved in that the driver presses manual switching button, microcontroller system circuit enters the hand shift state, unclamp throttle during gear shift earlier, behind the signal of microcontroller system circuit detection less than throttle sensor, control electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve standard-sized sheet, all solenoid directional control valves are at meta, make the planetary planet gear clutch be in " from " state; Press corresponding first grade of button or second grade of button or third gear button or reverse gear button again, control corresponding electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve and be in right position, the pedal of stepping on the throttle again, after this moment, microcontroller system circuit detected the signal of throttle sensor, according to the signal of vehicle speed sensor, control electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve turns down or contract fully gradually; If the speed of a motor vehicle during gear shift is 0 or very slow, microcontroller system circuit is just controlled the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve and is turned down gradually, but is not related to extremely, makes the dead fire of motor, with regard to contract fully electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, the planetary pinion clutch " is closed " after the speed of a motor vehicle promotes comparatively fast; If the speed of a motor vehicle during gear shift is higher, microcontroller system circuit is just controlled the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve, and contract fully electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve " closes " the planetary pinion clutch quickly, just can change corresponding gear reposefully.When not needing hand shift, click manual switching button again, microcontroller system circuit enters the automaitc shfit state again.

When needs stop, throttle lifts, throttle sensor does not have electrical signal input microcontroller system circuit, microcontroller system circuit is controlled all solenoid directional control valves at meta, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve standard-sized sheet, be equivalent to neutral gear this moment, depresses brake petal again, after microcontroller system circuit detects the signal of brake switch sensor.Signal according to vehicle speed sensor, the solenoid directional control valve of clutch of controlling corresponding gear is in left side position, the electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve cuts out, can utilize the motor braking that creates a diversion like this, improve retardation efficiency, up to parking, because of the solenoid directional control valve of corresponding gear in position, a left side, motor can be extremely not fiery, after vehicle stops, lifting brake petal, behind the signal of SCM system detection less than the brake switch sensor, control electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve is at meta, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve standard-sized sheet, make the planetary pinion clutch " from " state.

Advantage of the present utility model is: this novel manual/automatic integrated speed-changer, can hand shift also can automaitc shfit, easy to operate, this novel manual/automatic integrated speed-changer has the automatic transmission of fluid coupling to compare with the expensive of present use, and the transmission efficiency height does not almost have energy loss, simple in structure, easy to manufacture, low price, therefore can popularization and application to various small-sized or large-scale vehicles.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1: manual integrated speed-changer structural representation;

Fig. 2: manual integrated speed-changer operating mechanism schematic representation;

Among the figure: 1. engine 2. casings 3. drive shift gears 4. main shafts 5. are from first grade of button 21-4. of axle 6. back gears, 7. bearing 8. location bearings, 9. load 10. gear rings, 11. gear ring gear 12. hydraulic motors, 13. hydraulic motor gear 14. planet carrier gears, 15. planet carrier 16. central gears, 17. microcontroller system circuit 18. throttle sensors, 19. vehicle speed sensor 20. brake switch sensors, 21. keyboard 21-1. manual/auto switching button 21-2. reverse gear button 21-3. second gear button 21-5. third gear button, 22. oil pipes, 23. accumulators, 24. electromagnetic speed-adjusting valves, 25. overflow valves, 26. check valves, 27. fuel tanks, 28. solenoid directional control valves

Embodiment:

The utility model is made up of the main shaft 4 in mission case 2 and the casing 2, the manual selector device outside axle 5, planetary pinion clutch, casing 2.Be provided with main shaft 4 in the mission case 2, from axle 5, main shaft 4 is connected with the pto of motor 1, is connected with load 9 from axle 5, is fixed with 3 forward gears gears 3 on the main shaft 4,1 reverse gear 6 is provided with corresponding with it planetary pinion clutch from axle 5.The planet carrier gear 14 that installs on the planet carrier 15 of the planetary pinion clutch of forward gears gear 3 and corresponding installation with it is meshed, and the oil hydraulic motor gear 13 that installs on the gear ring gear 11 that installs on the gear ring 10 and oil hydraulic motor 12 output shafts is meshed; The gear ring gear 11 that installs on the gear ring 10 of the planetary pinion clutch of reverse gear 6 and corresponding installation with it is meshed, and the oil hydraulic motor gear 13 that installs on the planet carrier gear 14 that installs on the planet carrier 15 and oil hydraulic motor 12 output shafts is meshed; Casing 2 is by 7 supports main shaft 4 of the bearing on the wall and from axle 5, gear ring gear 11, planet carrier gear 14 are fixed with positioning bearing 8 at its axle position, between gear ring 10 and the casing 2 positioning bearing 8 are installed.

Manual shifted operating mechanism, promptly control the control mechanism of planetary pinion clutch, just the control mechanism of oil hydraulic motor is made up of oil hydraulic motor 12, oil hydraulic motor gear 13, microcontroller system circuit 17, solenoid directional control valve 28, electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve 24, one-way valve 26, relief valve 25, accumulator 23, fuel tank 27; Oil hydraulic motor gear 13 is packed on the moment output shaft of oil hydraulic motor 12, is meshed with the gear that is subjected to install on the control of planetary pinion clutch; Solenoid directional control valve 28, the control end of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve 24 is connected with microcontroller system circuit 17, by microcontroller system circuit 17 controls, 2 oil outlets of solenoid directional control valve 28 are advanced by oil pipe 22 and oil hydraulic motor 12, oil outlet connects, 2 one of them hydraulic fluid ports of filler opening of solenoid directional control valve 28 are connected with fuel tank 27 by oil pipe 22, another hydraulic fluid port is by oil pipe 22 and electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve 24, accumulator 23, the filler opening of relief valve 25 is connected with one-way valve 26 oil outlets, another hydraulic fluid port of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve 24, the filler opening of one-way valve 26, the oil outlet of relief valve 25 is connected with fuel tank 27 by oil pipe 22, throttle sensor 18, vehicle speed sensor 19, brake switch sensor 20 is connected with microcontroller system circuit 17.Microcontroller system circuit 17 is provided with keyboard 21, and keyboard 21 is provided with manual switching button 21-1, reverse gear button 21-2, first grade of button 21-3, second grade of button 21-4, third gear button 21-5.

Claims

1, a kind of manual integrated speed-changer, comprise mission case (2), planetary pinion clutch in the casing (2), manual selector device, it is characterized in that: be provided with main shaft parallel to each other (4) in the casing (2) and from axle (5), casing (2) is by the bearing on the wall (7) supports main shaft (4) and from axle (5), main shaft (4) is connected with motor (1), be connected with load (9) from axle (5), on main shaft (4) diverse location, install forward gears gear (3) that differs in size more than 2 and the reverse gear (6) that differs in size more than 1, installing and forward gears gear (3) and the corresponding planetary pinion clutch of reverse gear (6) from axle (5); Forward gears gear (3) is connected by gear engagement with the planetary pinion clutch with reverse gear (6), and the control that is subjected to of planetary pinion clutch also is connected by gear engagement with manual selector device.

2, a kind of manual integrated speed-changer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: three primary elements---sun gear, planet carrier, the gear ring of the planetary gears in the planetary pinion clutch are subjected to control, driving link or driven member respectively.

3, a kind of manual integrated speed-changer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the manual selector device of described speed changer, form by oil hydraulic motor (12), oil hydraulic motor gear (13), microcontroller system circuit (17), solenoid directional control valve (28), electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve (24), one-way valve (26), relief valve (25), accumulator (23), fuel tank (27); Oil hydraulic motor gear (13) is packed on the moment output shaft of oil hydraulic motor (12), be meshed with the gear that is subjected to install on the control of planetary pinion clutch, solenoid directional control valve (28), the control end of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve (24) is connected with microcontroller system circuit (17), control by microcontroller system circuit (17), 2 oil outlets of solenoid directional control valve (28) are advanced by oil pipe (22) and oil hydraulic motor (12), oil outlet connects, 2 one of them hydraulic fluid ports of filler opening of solenoid directional control valve (28) are connected with fuel tank (27) by oil pipe (22), another hydraulic fluid port is by oil pipe (22) and electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve (24), accumulator (23), the filler opening of relief valve (25) is connected with one-way valve (26) oil outlet, another hydraulic fluid port of electromagnetic speed-adjusting valve (24), the filler opening of one-way valve (26), the oil outlet of relief valve (25) is connected with fuel tank (27) by oil pipe (22), throttle sensor (18), vehicle speed sensor (19), brake switch sensor (20) is connected with microcontroller system circuit (17), microcontroller system circuit (17) is provided with keyboard (21), and keyboard (21) is provided with manual switching button (21-1), reverse gear button (21-2), first grade of button (21-3), second grade of button (21-4), third gear button (21-5).

4, a kind of manual integrated speed-changer according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described planetary pinion clutch be subjected to control be fixed with on the position of axle and between the casing positioning bearing (8) and forward gears gear or and the element that is meshed of reverse gear in its position positioning bearing (8) is installed also.