CN209877717U - Parallel heat exchange structure and thermovoltaic power generation device - Google Patents
Parallel heat exchange structure and thermovoltaic power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209877717U CN209877717U CN201920388542.9U CN201920388542U CN209877717U CN 209877717 U CN209877717 U CN 209877717U CN 201920388542 U CN201920388542 U CN 201920388542U CN 209877717 U CN209877717 U CN 209877717U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a parallel heat exchange structure and a thermovoltaic power generation device, wherein the parallel heat exchange structure comprises more than two parallel heat exchange units, and each heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of parallel hot end heat sinks and a plurality of parallel cold end heat sinks; the hot end heat sinks and the cold end heat sinks are arranged alternately. The utility model solves the integration problem of the heat exchange units, has simple and compact parallel connection structure, can easily realize the interconnection of a plurality of heat exchange units, and forms a more powerful thermovoltaic power generation system; the utility model discloses a flow resistance loss that heat transfer structure caused to heat transfer working medium is little, and each heat transfer unit cold and hot end working medium is imported and exported the difference in temperature little, and whole thermoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 7.3%, and is higher than the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of series connection or the heat transfer structure of series-parallel connection.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a thermovoltaic power generation technical field especially relates to a parallel heat transfer structure and thermovoltaic power generation device.
Background
The thermoelectric material is a functional material which directly converts heat energy and electric energy into each other based on thermoelectric effect (Seebeck effect, Peltier effect and Thomson effect). The thermovoltaic power generation system made of thermoelectric materials has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, no moving parts, long service life, safety, environmental protection and the like, and no heat exchange device adopting a large-scale integration scheme is provided for meeting the actual application requirements at present.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, the utility model aims at providing a parallel heat transfer structure and heat volt power generation facility aims at solving the unable large-scale integration of current heat transfer device and the not high problem of heat exchange efficiency.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
a parallel heat exchange structure comprises more than two heat exchange units which are connected in parallel, wherein each heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of hot end heat sinks which are connected in parallel and a plurality of cold end heat sinks which are connected in parallel; the hot end heat sinks and the cold end heat sinks are arranged alternately.
The parallel heat exchange structure further comprises a hot liquid inlet collecting pipe, a hot liquid outlet collecting pipe, a cold liquid inlet collecting pipe and a cold liquid outlet collecting pipe which are connected with the heat exchange units through connecting pipes;
hot liquid flows through the hot liquid inlet collecting pipe, the hot end heat sink and the hot liquid outlet collecting pipe in sequence; cold liquid flows through the cold liquid inlet header, the cold side heat sink, and the cold liquid outlet header in sequence.
The heat exchange unit further comprises 4 heat sink headers, wherein 2 heat sink headers are used for communicating the hot end heat sink; the other 2 heat sink headers are used for communicating the cold end heat sink.
In the parallel heat exchange structure, 2 heat sink headers for communicating the hot end heat sinks are arranged at two corners of a first diagonal line of the heat exchange unit; and 2 heat sink headers for communicating the cold end heat sinks are arranged at two corners of a second diagonal line of the heat exchange unit.
The parallel heat exchange structure is characterized in that a plurality of tie bars for shunting liquid are arranged inside the hot end heat sink and the cold end heat sink, and a shunting groove is formed between every two adjacent tie bars.
The parallel heat exchange structure is characterized in that the length of the tie bars is different, and the arrangement mode is as follows: the end facing the liquid outflow is flush, the end facing the fluid inflow is arranged in the order from long to short, and the longest end is close to the fluid inflow.
In each heat exchange channel, the lengths of first connecting pipes connecting the hot end heat sink and the hot liquid inlet header pipe are different, and the lengths of the first connecting pipes are sequentially increased along the flow direction of liquid in the hot liquid inlet header pipe;
and/or in each heat exchange channel, the lengths of second connecting pipes for connecting the cold-end heat sink and the cold liquid inlet header are different, and the lengths of the second connecting pipes are sequentially increased along the flow direction of liquid in the cold liquid inlet header.
In the parallel heat exchange structure, the first connecting pipe is connected to the hot liquid inlet header pipe in a non-perpendicular manner, so that when hot liquid is shunted from the hot liquid inlet header pipe to the first connecting pipe, a corner is an obtuse angle;
and/or the second connecting pipe is connected with the cold liquid inlet header in a non-vertical mode, so that when cold liquid is branched from the cold liquid inlet header to the second connecting pipe, the corner is an obtuse angle.
The parallel heat exchange structure is characterized in that the hot liquid inlet header and the cold liquid outlet header are arranged on the same side; the hot liquid outlet header and the cold liquid inlet header are disposed on the same side such that the flow direction of the hot liquid and the flow direction of the cold liquid are opposite.
A thermovoltaic power generation device comprises the parallel heat exchange structure and a thermoelectric module integrated in the parallel heat exchange structure, wherein the thermoelectric module generates power according to the temperature difference between the hot end heat sink and the cold end heat sink.
Has the advantages that: the utility model provides a parallel heat transfer structure as above, through connecting all heat transfer units between cold liquid collector and hot liquid collector in parallel respectively, solved the integrated problem of heat transfer unit, and the parallel connection structure is simple, compact, can realize easily that a plurality of heat transfer units interconnect, form the more powerful heat volt power generation system; the utility model discloses a flow resistance loss that heat transfer structure caused to heat transfer working medium is little, and each heat transfer unit cold and hot end working medium is imported and exported the difference in temperature little, and whole thermoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 7.3%, and is higher than the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of series connection or the heat transfer structure of series-parallel connection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a parallel heat exchange structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the heat exchange unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an internal structure diagram of the preferred embodiment of the heat sink for cold and hot ends of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in which the liquid header is connected to the connecting pipe in a non-perpendicular manner.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a connection arrangement of a hot liquid inlet header to a first connection pipe.
Fig. 6 is the temperature curve diagram of the cold and hot ends of the heat exchange structure connected in parallel in the contrast experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the temperature curve diagram of the cold end and the hot end of the second heat exchange unit in one of the series channels of the series-parallel connection heat exchange structure in the comparison experiment of the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the temperature curve diagram of the cold end and the hot end of the third heat exchange unit in one of the series channels of the series-parallel connection heat exchange structure in the contrast experiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
The utility model provides a parallel heat transfer structure and thermovoltaic power generation facility, for making the utility model discloses a purpose, technical scheme and effect are clearer, more clear and definite, it is following right the utility model discloses further detailed description. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
The utility model provides a better embodiment of a parallel heat exchange structure, as shown in figure 1, comprising more than two heat exchange units 1 connected in parallel, wherein the heat exchange units 1 are as shown in figure 2 and comprise a plurality of hot end heat sinks 11 connected in parallel and a plurality of cold end heat sinks 12 connected in parallel; the hot end heat sinks 11 and the cold end heat sinks 12 are arranged alternately, wherein the "cold/hot end heat sinks" may be specifically a heat dissipation fin structure with a hollow cavity.
Specifically, 4 liquid headers may be provided: a hot liquid inlet header 2, a hot liquid outlet header 3, a cold liquid inlet header 4 and a cold liquid outlet header 5, wherein hot liquid flows through the hot liquid inlet header 2, the hot side heat sink 11 and the hot liquid outlet header 3 in sequence; cold liquid flows through the cold liquid inlet header 4, the cold side heat sink 12, and the cold liquid outlet header 5 in that order. The heat exchange is carried out when cold and hot liquid respectively flows through the cold end heat sink 12 and the hot end heat sink 11. In order to ensure sufficient heat exchange time, the 4 headers can be made into a structure with one open end and the other closed end.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the hot liquid inlet header 2 is arranged on the same side as the cold liquid outlet header 5; the hot liquid outlet header 3 and the cold liquid inlet header 4 are arranged on the same side, so that the flow direction of hot liquid is opposite to that of cold liquid, countercurrent heat exchange between the cold end heat sink and the hot end heat sink is ensured, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the heat exchange is uniform.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of an embodiment of a compact heat exchange unit 1, and a heat sink header 13 can be used to connect a hot-end heat sink 11 and a cold-end heat sink 12 in parallel respectively. Specifically, 4 heat sink headers 13 are arranged, wherein 2 heat sink headers 13 are used for communicating the hot end heat sink 11; the other 2 heat sink headers 13 are used for communicating the cold end heat sink 12, and holes for connecting liquid conduits are further arranged on the heat sink headers 13. In order to facilitate the integrated assembly and avoid mutual interference at the connection parts, 2 heat sink headers 13 for communicating the hot end heat sink 11 are arranged at two corners of a first diagonal of the heat exchange unit 1; and 2 heat sink headers 13 for communicating the cold end heat sink 12 are arranged at two corners of a second diagonal of the heat exchange unit 1. The heat sink header 13 can be integrated with the cold and hot end heat sinks respectively through welding, the inlet area of each cold and hot end heat sinks and the length of the inlet extending into the heat sink header 13 can be different, and the flow flowing into each heat sink in the heat sink header 13 can be allocated by adjusting the size of the inlet area and the extending length, so that more accurate heat flow distribution is realized. The technical scheme has compact structure, solves the problems of parallel connection and integration of the hot end heat sink 11 and the cold end heat sink 12, and can regulate and control the heat flow. The mutual interference caused by the installation positions of the cold end heat sink and the hot end heat sink is avoided, and the connection and the installation between the 4 collecting pipes and the heat exchange units are simplified.
Furthermore, the interior of the heat sink (including the hot end heat sink 11 and the cold end heat sink 12) may also be provided with ribs L, as shown in fig. 3, a shunting groove is formed between adjacent ribs L, so as to shunt the liquid. If the ribs L are of equal length, this will cause a left (near the fluid inlet) flow to be redundant with a right flow, and therefore, it is preferred that the length of the ribs L is different and arranged in the following manner: the end towards the liquid outflow is flush, the end towards the fluid inflow is arranged in the order from long to short, and the longest end is close to the fluid inflow, so that the heat flow is ensured to be uniform.
In the preferred embodiment, the ends of the 4 headers are closed and flow stagnation causes the static pressure to rise, causing the power generation cells near that location to distribute more flow, thereby causing flow maldistribution. Therefore, the utility model discloses can with every heat exchange unit 1 the hot junction heat sink 11 with connect through the first connecting pipe (6A, 6B, 6C, … …) of different length between the hot liquid import header 2, the arrangement of first connecting pipe is: the lengths of the first connecting pipes are sequentially increased along the flow direction of the liquid in the hot liquid inlet header, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, and the flow rates of the heat exchange units near the end of the hot liquid inlet header 2 can be reduced by sequentially increasing the lengths of the connecting pipes along the flow direction of the liquid and increasing certain flow resistance, that is, the flow rate distribution from the hot liquid inlet header 2 to each heat exchange unit 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the lengths of the first connecting pipes.
Further preferably, the first connecting pipe is connected to the hot liquid inlet header 2 in a non-perpendicular manner, so that when hot liquid is diverted from the hot liquid inlet header to the first connecting pipe, a corner (θ) is an obtuse angle, which makes the liquid flow smoother and reduces the flow resistance. Similarly, the cold junction is heat sink 12 with also can connect through the second connecting pipe of different length between the cold liquid import header 5, and concrete connection mode can set up according to aforementioned method, the utility model discloses no longer describe repeatedly.
The utility model also provides a thermovoltaic power generation device, including as above parallel heat transfer structure, and integrated in thermoelectric module 7 among the parallel heat transfer structure, as shown in fig. 2, thermoelectric module 7 basis the hot junction is heat sink and the heat sink's of cold junction temperature difference generates electricity. Specifically, a thermoelectric material may be disposed between the hot-side heat sink and the cold-side heat sink, for example, a PeTe material with a large coefficient of performance ZT (figure of merit) value is selected, and the thermoelectric material generates electric energy according to a temperature difference. The utility model discloses a thermovoltaic power generation device has that liquid resistance is little, inside flow distribution and the even characteristics of heat transfer, can furthest promote thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
The following description is made of a specific example, and the parallel structure of the present invention is more efficient than the series-parallel structure. The experimental conditions are as follows: taking 9 power generating units (the whole structure shown in fig. 2) as an example, the first connection mode is connected in parallel according to fig. 1 to form 9 channels, and the second connection mode is connected in series and parallel to form 3 channels, and each channel is connected with 3 power generating units in series. The thermoelectric material adopts PeTe (ZT value is about 1.5). The size of each heat exchange channel is 56cm multiplied by 3mm, cold water at 20 ℃ and hot water at 150 ℃ are respectively used as cold and hot working media for temperature difference power generation, and the flow speed of the cold water and the hot water is 1 m/s.
According to the formula of thermoelectric conversion efficiency(whereinThe temperature of the hot end is used as the temperature,cold end temperature), when the parallel thermoelectric power generation device is adopted, the cold end temperature and the hot end temperature of each thermoelectric power generation unit are as shown in fig. 6, and the maximum thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the parallel thermoelectric power generation device can be calculated to be 7.3%. When the series-parallel temperature difference power generation device is adopted, the temperatures of the cold end and the hot end of the 3 power generation units which are connected in series are respectively shown in fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 8, and the maximum conversion efficiency of each power generation unit can be calculated to be 7.3%, 6.4% and 5.5% respectively according to a thermoelectric conversion efficiency formula. Therefore, the average maximum thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the series-parallel thermoelectric power generation devices is 6.4%. Therefore, the utility model discloses a heat transfer and power generation facility of parallelly connected structure, thermoelectric conversion efficiency is higher.
In summary, the utility model provides a parallel heat exchange structure and a thermovoltaic power generation device, the heat exchange structure not only solves the integration problem of the heat exchange units, but also has simple and compact parallel connection structure, can easily realize the interconnection of a plurality of heat exchange units, and forms a more powerful thermovoltaic power generation system; the utility model discloses a flow resistance loss that heat transfer structure caused to heat transfer working medium is little, and each heat transfer unit cold and hot end working medium is imported and exported the difference in temperature little, and whole thermoelectric conversion efficiency is higher than the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of series connection or the heat transfer structure of series-parallel connection. The utility model discloses still further improve heat transfer unit's concrete structure, connect in parallel cold, hot junction heat sink through heat sink header, set up cold, hot junction heat sink's structure ingeniously, make cold and hot end working medium can the abundant contact heat transfer, still optimize the flow distribution of cold and hot end working medium through the length and the connection angle of adjustment connecting pipe. Based on above-mentioned parallel heat transfer structure, the utility model also provides a corresponding thermovoltaic power generation device, this device have that liquid resistance is little, inside flow distribution and the even characteristics of heat transfer, can furthest promote thermoelectric conversion efficiency.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above teachings, and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A parallel heat exchange structure is characterized by comprising more than two heat exchange units which are connected in parallel, wherein each heat exchange unit comprises a plurality of hot end heat sinks which are connected in parallel and a plurality of cold end heat sinks which are connected in parallel; the hot end heat sinks and the cold end heat sinks are arranged alternately.
2. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 1 further comprising a hot liquid inlet header, a hot liquid outlet header, a cold liquid inlet header and a cold liquid outlet header connected to the heat exchange units by connecting pipes;
hot liquid flows through the hot liquid inlet collecting pipe, the hot end heat sink and the hot liquid outlet collecting pipe in sequence; cold liquid flows through the cold liquid inlet header, the cold side heat sink, and the cold liquid outlet header in sequence.
3. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 1 wherein the heat exchange unit further comprises 4 heat sink headers, of which 2 are used to communicate with the hot side heat sink; the other 2 heat sink headers are used for communicating the cold end heat sink.
4. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 3 wherein 2 heat sink headers for communication with the hot side heat sink are provided at two corners of the first diagonal of the heat exchange unit; and 2 heat sink headers for communicating the cold end heat sinks are arranged at two corners of a second diagonal line of the heat exchange unit.
5. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of ribs for shunting liquid are provided inside the hot end heat sink and the cold end heat sink, and a shunting groove is formed between adjacent ribs.
6. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 5 wherein the tie bars are of different lengths and are arranged in the following manner: the end facing the liquid outflow is flush, the end facing the fluid inflow is arranged in the order from long to short, and the longest end is close to the fluid inflow.
7. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 2 wherein the first connecting tubes connecting the hot side heat sink to the hot liquid inlet header in each heat exchange channel are of different lengths, the lengths of the first connecting tubes increasing in sequence along the flow of liquid in the hot liquid inlet header;
and/or in each heat exchange channel, the lengths of second connecting pipes for connecting the cold-end heat sink and the cold liquid inlet header are different, and the lengths of the second connecting pipes are sequentially increased along the flow direction of liquid in the cold liquid inlet header.
8. A parallel heat exchange structure according to claim 7 wherein the first connecting tube is in non-perpendicular connection with the hot liquid inlet header such that a corner is an obtuse angle when hot liquid is diverted from the hot liquid inlet header into the first connecting tube;
and/or the second connecting pipe is connected with the cold liquid inlet header in a non-vertical mode, so that when cold liquid is branched from the cold liquid inlet header to the second connecting pipe, the corner is an obtuse angle.
9. A parallel heat exchange structure according to any one of claims 2, 7 or 8 wherein the hot liquid inlet header is disposed on the same side as the cold liquid outlet header; the hot liquid outlet header and the cold liquid inlet header are disposed on the same side such that the flow direction of the hot liquid and the flow direction of the cold liquid are opposite.
10. A thermovoltaic power generation device, comprising a parallel heat exchange structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and
and the thermoelectric module is integrated in the parallel heat exchange structure and generates power according to the temperature difference between the hot end heat sink and the cold end heat sink.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109945699A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 深圳大学 | A kind of parallel heat exchange structure and hot volt power generator |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109945699A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 深圳大学 | A kind of parallel heat exchange structure and hot volt power generator |
| CN109945699B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2024-04-26 | 深圳大学 | Parallel heat exchange structure and thermal power generation device |
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Granted publication date: 20191231 |