CN208939082U - Fuel cell start-up system - Google Patents
Fuel cell start-up system Download PDFInfo
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- CN208939082U CN208939082U CN201820424192.2U CN201820424192U CN208939082U CN 208939082 U CN208939082 U CN 208939082U CN 201820424192 U CN201820424192 U CN 201820424192U CN 208939082 U CN208939082 U CN 208939082U
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- battery pile
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of fuel cell start-up systems.Wherein, which includes: into heap air heater, battery pile and heat-exchanger rig, wherein enters heap air heater, for heating to entering heap air；Battery pile after heap air heated, generates electricity for entering after being heated；Heat-exchanger rig is battery pile heat supply by coolant liquid, completes the starting of fuel cell for exchanging heat the coolant liquid for going out heap air and battery pile being discharged from battery pile.The utility model solves under low temperature environment the low technical problem of capacity usage ratio during fuel cell start-up.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to energy application technique fields, in particular to a kind of fuel cell start-up system.
Background technique
Fuel cell is a kind of power generation dress for converting the chemical energy in fuel to by the way of electrochemical reaction electric energy
Set, wherein Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells power generation as generation technology of new generation, due in power generation process not by Carnot cycle
Limitation, up to 45%, cogeneration efficiency can be widely applied to its direct generation of electricity efficiency of energy conversion rate height up to 90% or more
The multiple fields such as backup power source, distributed power station and automobile power.And the environmental suitability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is it
Can widespread commercialization application an important factor for, especially in field of traffic, as under low temperature environment (for example, 0 DEG C below low
Under warm environment) cold boot of fuel cell be one of significant challenge that current fuel cell car faces.
Fuel cell generation will realize that quick start, currently used method are in fuel cell at low ambient temperatures
The electric heater of auxiliary is added in system, is electric heater power supply by battery, electric heater is directly fed the heating of heap air
Afterwards, the hot-air after heating is sent directly into runner and membrane electrode surface in battery pile, makes electrochemical reaction site liter rapidly
Temperature, meanwhile, if there is the liquid water of thawing, thermal current will also be blown out rapidly battery pile, and this method is the most simple and quick
One of cold start-up strategy.However, the heat for going out heap hot-air after the battery pile heating of this method is directly discharged, do not filled
Divide and utilize, causes energy utilization efficiency during cold boot of fuel cell relatively low.
For above-mentioned problem, currently no effective solution has been proposed.
Utility model content
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of fuel cell start-up system, at least to solve fuel electricity under low temperature environment
The low technical problem of capacity usage ratio in the start-up course of pond.
According to the one aspect of the utility model embodiment, a kind of fuel cell start-up system is provided, comprising: enter heap sky
Hot-air heater, battery pile and heat-exchanger rig, wherein it is described enter heap air heater, for heating to entering heap air；It is described
Battery pile after heap air heated, generates electricity for entering after being heated；The heat-exchanger rig, being used for will be from the electricity
Heap air and the coolant liquid of the battery pile out of Chi Dui discharge exchange heat, and are battery pile confession by the coolant liquid
Heat completes the starting of the fuel cell.
Optionally, the heat-exchanger rig includes: heat exchange coil, wherein flowing has the heap out in the heat exchange coil
Air, flowing have the heat exchange coil of the heap air to be out dipped into the coolant liquid that coolant liquid storage tank loads.
Optionally, the heat-exchanger rig includes: gas-liquid heat-exchange, wherein the gas-liquid heat-exchange for receive it is described go out
Heap air, wherein the heap air out heats the coolant liquid in the gas-liquid heat-exchange.
Optionally, the system also includes control valves, wherein the control valve for control will it is described go out heap air it is defeated
Out into the heat-exchanger rig, still it is expelled directly out.
Optionally, the control valve is three-way magnetic valve.
Optionally, the system also includes controller, for the temperature according to the battery pile, to it is described enter heap air
Heater is controlled, and the starting of the fuel cell is completed.
Optionally, the controller is also used to open in the case where the temperature of the battery pile is lower than the first temperature threshold
Open it is described enter heap air heater to it is described enter heap air heat；It is higher than first temperature in the temperature of the battery pile
Threshold value and in the case where being less than second temperature threshold value, enters heap air heater described in closing, stop to it is described enter heap air into
Row heating；And in the case where the temperature of the battery pile is higher than the second temperature threshold value, enters heap air described in maintenance and add
The closed state of hot device.
Optionally, the system also includes liquid pumps, wherein what the liquid pump was used to be issued according to the controller
Signal is controlled, in the case where the temperature of the battery pile is lower than the second temperature threshold value, executes and closes processing or with low
It is operated in the power of rated power；In the case where the temperature of the battery pile is higher than the second temperature threshold value, carry out
It opens processing or is operated with the rated power.
Optionally, the system also includes temperature sensors, wherein the temperature sensor is for acquiring the battery
The temperature of heap, and send the temperature of acquisition to the controller.
Optionally, the controller be also used to it is described enter the opening and closing of heap air heater and the size of heating power
It is controlled.
In the utility model embodiment, enter heap air heater to entering heap by using in fuel cell start-up system
Air heated and battery pile using heating after enter heap air heating generated electricity by the way of, in conjunction with using heat exchange dress
It sets, the coolant liquid for going out heap air and battery pile being discharged from battery pile is exchanged heat, and then be battery pile confession using coolant liquid
Heat, achieved the purpose that complete fuel cell start-up, thus realize make full use of battery pile heat after go out heap air heat,
To be assisted when fuel cell cold-starting, the technical effect for making it be rapidly heated, and then solve fuel under low temperature environment
The low technical problem of capacity usage ratio during start battery.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and is constituted part of this application,
The exemplary embodiment of the utility model and the description thereof are used to explain the utility model, does not constitute to the improper of the utility model
It limits.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 2 is single in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in the fuel cell start-up system according to the utility model embodiment one
The operation principle schematic diagram of battery；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to the heat-exchanger rig 3 of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one
One；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram according to the heat-exchanger rig 3 of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one
Two；
Fig. 5 is the preferred structure schematic diagram one according to the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 6 is the preferred structure schematic diagram two according to the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram according to the high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system of the utility model embodiment two；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram according to the high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system of the utility model embodiment three.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the scheme of the utility model, below in conjunction with the utility model reality
The attached drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the utility model embodiment is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is only the embodiment of the utility model a part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the reality in the utility model
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts is all answered
When the range for belonging to the utility model protection.
It should be noted that the specification and claims of the utility model and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing,
" second " etc. is to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that in this way
The data used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be in addition at this
In illustrate or description those of other than sequence implement.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, meaning
It includes to be not necessarily limited to clearly for example, containing a series of system of modules or unit, product or equipment that figure, which is to cover non-exclusive,
Those of list to Chu module or unit, but may include be not clearly listed or it is intrinsic for these products or equipment
Other modules or unit.
Embodiment one
The utility model embodiment proposes a kind of fuel cell start-up system, and Fig. 1 is according to the utility model embodiment
The schematic diagram of one fuel cell start-up system, as shown in Figure 1, the fuel cell start-up system may include: to add into heap air
Hot device 1, battery pile 2 and heat-exchanger rig 3.
Wherein, enter heap air heater 1, for heating to entering heap air；
Battery pile 2, be connected to it is above-mentioned enter heap air heater 1, for entering after being heated after heap air heated, into
Row power generation；
Heat-exchanger rig 3, be connected to it is above-mentioned enter heap air heater 1 and battery pile 2, for by be discharged from battery pile 2 go out
Heap air and the coolant liquid of battery pile 2 exchange heat, and are 2 heat supply of battery pile by coolant liquid, complete the starting of fuel cell.
In above system, using the coolant liquid of heap air and battery pile 2 out that heat-exchanger rig 3 will be discharged from battery pile 2
It exchanges heat, to be 2 heat supply of battery pile using the coolant liquid after heat exchange, has reached entrained by the heap air out that will be discharged
The purpose that heat re-uses improves fuel electricity so that the heat of the re-using can be used in being rapidly heated for battery pile
Capacity usage ratio in the start-up course of pond, and then solve under low temperature environment the low skill of capacity usage ratio during fuel cell start-up
Art problem.
During the battery pile of fuel cell is electrochemically reacted, in addition to needing to fuel cell with hydrogen gas
Outside, it is also necessary to provide into heap air, to guarantee that enough oxygen is electrochemically reacted, in the related technology, commonly use and be based on air
Pump the normal pressure plenum system of gas supply.
It should be noted that the performance of the fuel cell in the fuel cell start-up system it is influenced by ambient temperature compared with
Greatly, at low ambient temperatures, when being lower than 0 DEG C such as temperature, fuel cell is easy starting failure.Therefore, environmental suitability is to restrict
An important factor for its widespread commercialization is applied, if the cold boot of fuel cell under 0 DEG C of low temperature environment below is current using combustion
One of the significant challenge that material battery car faces.
In addition, the free state water of inside battery can crystallize into ice, although by shutting down when environment temperature is lower than 0 DEG C
The processing such as purging of journey, but have micro ice crystal and exist, the transmitting of proton and water is influenced, send out fuel cell can not
Electricity；And when cell stack temperature is in subzero, if part monocell can generate electricity, the water that electrochemical reaction generates exists
It can freeze before battery pile is not discharged, and then block gas passage and catalyst activity position, it will so as to cause electrochemical reaction
It terminates, fuel cell start-up failure.Thus, during fuel cell start-up, using entering heap air heater 1 in addition to entering heap
Outside air is heated, free state water can also be blown out battery pile by the thermal current of generation, avoided it from crystallizing and caused fuel electric
Pond starting failure.
Although heating using electric heater to heap air is entered in fuel cell start-up system, electrification can be made rapidly
Learn reaction site heating.But what is be discharged after battery pile reaction goes out in heap air also with heat, and heat is expelled directly out, heat is made
It is not fully utilized, energy utilization efficiency is lower during still will cause cold boot of fuel cell.Heap will be gone out based on above-mentioned
The processing that air and coolant liquid exchange heat has effectively achieved the effect that energy during fuel cell start-up makes full use of.
Heap air out and coolant liquid exchange heats the said effect that can reach to clearly illustrate, it is practical to below
Fuel cell (below by taking Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells as an example) involved in the fuel cell start-up system of new embodiment into
Row simple declaration.
Fig. 2 is the electricity of the pem fuel according to used by the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one
The operation principle schematic diagram of monocell in pond, as shown in Fig. 2, each monocell may include anode, cathode and proton exchange membrane.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is equivalent to " inverse " device of water electrolysis, and when work is equivalent to a DC power supply, wherein anode is
Power cathode, cathode are positive pole.Multiple monocell stacked combinations can be constituted into output voltage and meet actual loading needs
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in battery pile.
In the utility model embodiment, heat-exchanger rig 3 is used to go out heap air and battery pile to by what is be discharged from battery pile 2
2 coolant liquid exchanges heat, and for the heat exchange for realizing the two, heat-exchanger rig 3 can use a variety of implementations, for example, the heat exchange
Device can be a kind of heat exchange coil, or a kind of gas-liquid heat-exchange can also be the simple deformation or obvious of the two
Combination variation.It is just illustrated respectively by heat exchange coil and gas-liquid heat-exchange citing of heat-exchanger rig below.
In an alternative embodiment, heat-exchanger rig 3 may include: heat exchange coil, wherein flow in heat exchange coil
There is heap air out, flowing has the heat exchange coil of heap air to be out dipped into the coolant liquid that coolant liquid storage tank loads.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram according to the heat-exchanger rig 3 of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one
One, as shown in figure 3, the heat-exchanger rig 3 includes: heat exchange coil.
Wherein, above-mentioned heat exchange coil can use the material of high thermal conductivity coefficient, by being dipped into coolant liquid storage tank loading
In coolant liquid, make to flow in heat exchange coil goes out to exchange heat between heap air and coolant liquid, i.e., high in the temperature of heap air out
When the temperature of coolant liquid, coolant liquid can be transferred heat to rapidly and efficiently, and then exist by the coolant liquid after heating
Further to carry out heat supply to battery pile 2 in battery pile 2, and then guarantee and accelerate the starting of fuel cell, improves fuel
Energy utilization efficiency during start battery.When using heat exchange coil, since flowing has heap air out in heat exchange coil,
The relative motion of flowing gone out between heap air and coolant liquid is formd, relative motion is conducive to sufficiently exchange heat, efficiently realize
The exchange of heat.In addition, to improve heat exchange efficiency, preferably, the heat exchange coil can be completely submerged in coolant liquid storage tank
In the coolant liquid of loading, make to flow in heat exchange coil goes out sufficiently to be exchanged heat between heap air and coolant liquid, realizes quickly high
The heat exchange of effect ground.
In an alternative embodiment, heat-exchanger rig 3 also may include: gas-liquid heat-exchange, wherein gas-liquid heat-exchange
For receiving out heap air, wherein heap air should be gone out and heated in gas-liquid heat-exchange to coolant liquid.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram according to the heat-exchanger rig 3 of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one
Two, as shown in figure 4, the heat-exchanger rig 3 includes: gas-liquid heat-exchange.It should be noted that the heat-exchanger rig 3 is gas-liquid heat-exchange
When, it can also be realized using various ways, be illustrated separately below.
In a kind of optinal plan, gas-liquid heat-exchange can be plate heat exchanger.Wherein, which includes at least
A piece of heat transferring plate, each heat transferring plate are stacked the runner between forming plate according to certain sequence, out heap air and coolant liquid point
It is not flowed in the respective channel in heat transferring plate two sides, and then heat exchange is carried out by above-mentioned heat transferring plate.Wherein, above-mentioned biography
The material of hot plate piece may include high heat conductive material.
In alternative dispensing means, gas-liquid heat-exchange can be pipe heat exchanger.Wherein, there is circulation in gas-liquid heat-exchange
The first pipe of coolant liquid also has the second pipe for the heap air that circulates out, the constituent material of above-mentioned first pipe and second pipe
It may include high heat conductive material, and arranged according to certain sequence.By coolant liquid and out heap air first pipe with
Flowing among second pipe carries out mutual heat exchange.
In another optinal plan, gas-liquid heat-exchange can be container type heat exchanger.Wherein, having in gas-liquid heat-exchange can
To hold the liquid of flowing or the first container of gas, also having can be with circulating liquid or the third pipeline of gas, wherein above-mentioned
Three pipelines are included in above-mentioned the first container.Specifically, it is empty to go out heap in third pipeline when holding coolant liquid in the first container
Gas；It is coolant liquid in third pipeline when holding out heap air in the first container.The constituent material of above-mentioned third pipeline can wrap
Include high heat conductive material.By coolant liquid and flowing of the heap air among the first container and third pipeline out, carry out mutual
Between heat exchange.
The relative motion between heap air and coolant liquid is realized out using gas-liquid heat-exchange, thus effectively realize heat exchange,
Relative to above-mentioned by the way of heat exchange coil, heap air can be realized out using the other structures independently of coolant liquid storage tank
Heat exchange between coolant liquid not only realizes the diversity of heat exchange, provides multiple choices for heat exchange, and can be by using
Comparison and improvement to a variety of heat exchange improve heat exchange efficiency, further increase the energy utilization of fuel cell during startup
Efficiency, to guarantee and accelerate the starting of fuel cell.
In an alternative embodiment, fuel cell start-up system can also wrap in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 1
It includes: control valve, wherein control valve heap air will be exported into heat-exchanger rig out for controlling, and be still expelled directly out.
Because the performance of fuel cell is influenced by environmental temperature, being easy to happen at low ambient temperatures can not generate electricity or open
The problem of dynamic failure, but at normal temperature, such as 15 DEG C or more or 25 DEG C or more, starts speed and power supply performance remains to report and keeps comparing
Stable state.And then under above-mentioned normal temperature state, it may not be necessary to coolant liquid is heated using heap air out, therefore this reality
It applies in example, by the way of control valve, by the control action of control valve, can choose and export heap air out to heat-exchanger rig
In 3, heat exchange is carried out with coolant liquid；Or heap air will be gone out and be expelled directly out, it can be discharged directly in atmosphere, and then no longer will
Heap air is exported into heat-exchanger rig 3 out, carries out heat exchange with coolant liquid.
It should be noted that the control valve is to carry out selection control for realizing the output to heap air out, can also adopt
Realized with various structures, for example, simply can be set to one switch, by the state of a control of switch, Lai Shixian be by
Heap air, which is exported into heat-exchanger rig, out carries out heat exchange with coolant liquid, or this is gone out heap air and is directly exported.
Preferably, which can be three-way magnetic valve, wherein can be set as needed the first via is inlet end,
The second road and third road are set as outlet side.Wherein it is possible to which the second tunnel is selected to connect heat-exchanger rig, third road connects exhaust apparatus
Connection type, need will go out heap atmospheric heat be transferred in coolant liquid when, outlet side selection open the second tunnel, will go out
Heap air, which is exported into heat-exchanger rig, carries out heat exchange with coolant liquid；It is not needing to heat coolant liquid using heap air out
When, third road is opened in outlet side selection, is directly exported should go out heap air.
In an alternative embodiment, fuel cell start-up system can also wrap in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 2
Include: controller controls heap air heater 1 is entered for the temperature according to battery pile, completes the starting of fuel cell.
Fig. 5 is according to the preferred structure schematic diagram one of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one, such as Fig. 5
Shown, the fuel cell start-up system is in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 1, further includes: controller 4.
Wherein, controller 4 is used for the temperature according to battery pile, controls heap air heater 1 is entered, and completes fuel electricity
The starting in pond.Preferably, controller 4 is also used to control the size of the opening and closing and heating power that enter heap air heater 1
System.
That is control of the controller 4 to the progress of heap air heater 1 is entered, may include to the switch for entering heap air heater 1
Control, also may include the control to the watt level for entering heap air heater 1.By above-mentioned control, controller 4 can be made
According to the temperature change of battery pile, flexible modulation is carried out to the switch and power for entering heap air heater 1.
Simultaneously as it is above-mentioned enter heap air heater 1 can be connect with battery, fuel cell start-up power generation before can
To be powered by battery for it.Therefore adjusting with electrical property of the above controller 4 to heap air heater 1 is entered, it can also make to store
Battery realizes reasonable variation and adjustment to the power supply for entering heap air heater 1, and then reduces the electric quantity consumption to battery.
In a kind of optional scheme, controller 4 is used to execute following control to entering heap air heater 1: in battery pile 2
Temperature lower than in the case where the first temperature threshold, open and heated into heap air heater 1 to heap air is entered；In battery pile
In the case that 2 temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold and is less than second temperature threshold value, closes into heap air heater 1, stop
It is heated to heap air is entered；And it in the case where the temperature of battery pile 2 is higher than second temperature threshold value, maintains to add into heap air
The closed state of hot device 1.
Wherein, above-mentioned first temperature threshold is less than second temperature threshold value, wherein the first temperature threshold can be for lower than room temperature
A certain temperature value, such as -5 DEG C, -1 DEG C, 0 DEG C or 5 DEG C；Second temperature threshold value can be a certain temperature value higher than room temperature, such as
10 DEG C, 15 DEG C, 20 DEG C or 25 DEG C.Specifically, can according to user demand, the power supply performance of fuel cell or local environment and
It is fixed, it is not limited here.And above-mentioned two temperatures threshold value can be setting before the factory of fuel cell start-up system, it can also be by user
Sets itself in use.For example, the value of above-mentioned first temperature threshold and second temperature threshold value can be respectively -5 DEG C,
25℃；It can also be respectively 0 DEG C, 10 DEG C；Or can also be respectively 5 DEG C, it 15 DEG C, can be according to specific requirements flexible choice.
In an alternative embodiment, fuel cell start-up system, can be in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 5
It include: liquid pump, wherein liquid pump is used for the control signal issued according to controller 4, warm lower than second in the temperature of battery pile
In the case where spending threshold value, executes and close processing or operated with the power lower than rated power；It is high in the temperature of battery pile
In the case where second temperature threshold value, carries out opening processing or be operated with rated power.
Specifically, the liquid pump can be used for promoting coolant liquid following in fuel cell start-up system when needed
Ring.
Wherein, cooling because heat exchange coil is dipped into coolant liquid storage tank when heat-exchanger rig 3 is using heat exchange coil structure
The more coolant liquid of content is mounted in liquid storage tank, therefore when the temperature of heap air out is higher than coolant liquid, coolant liquid is in fuel electricity
Circulation in the activation system of pond can be without relying upon the operating of liquid pump, and only the fluid pressure in coolant liquid storage tank can be realized
Heap air reaches battery pile 2 to the heat supply of coolant liquid out.
When heat-exchanger rig 3 is using gas-liquid heat-exchange structure, because liquid hold-up cooling in gas-liquid heat-exchange is less, therefore in heap out
When the temperature of air is higher than coolant liquid, circulation of the coolant liquid in fuel cell start-up system needs the operating by liquid pump,
Promote coolant liquid circulating in fuel cell start-up system, and then realizes out that heap air reaches the heat supply of coolant liquid
Battery pile 2.At this point, the revolving speed of liquid pump can be operated with the slow-speed of revolution lower than rated speed, that is, it is able to achieve coolant liquid
Flowing, to reduce the consumption of electric energy in battery.Wherein, above-mentioned rated speed is corresponding with liquid pump rated power
Revolving speed.
Fig. 6 is according to the preferred structure schematic diagram two of the fuel cell start-up system of the utility model embodiment one, such as Fig. 6
Shown, the fuel cell start-up system is in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 5, further includes: liquid pump 5.
Wherein, in the operational process of liquid pump 5, controller 4 can be also used for controlling liquid pump 5, wherein should
Controller 4 can be used for the control of the switch to liquid pump 5, can be used for the control of the watt level to liquid pump 5.Example
Such as, when heat-exchanger rig 3 is using heat exchange coil structure, the control being turned on or off is executed to liquid pump 5 using controller 4,
And when heat-exchanger rig 3 is using gas-liquid heat-exchange structure, the control of watt level is executed to liquid pump 5 using controller 4.It is needing
Open and close control and watt level control can also be joined together when wanting.By above-mentioned control, 4 basis of controller can be made
The temperature change of battery pile, switch and power to liquid pump 5 carry out flexible modulation, and then make confession of the battery to liquid pump 5
Electricity realizes reasonable variation and adjustment.
Simultaneously as aforesaid liquid pump 5 can also be connect with battery, it can be by storing before fuel cell start-up power generation
Battery is powered for it.Therefore adjusting with electrical property of the above controller 4 to liquid pump 5, battery can also be made to liquid pump 5
Reasonable variation and adjustment are realized in power supply, and in the power for not needing liquid pump, battery can be controlled by controller to liquid
The power supply of body pump, and then reduce the electric quantity consumption to battery.
In also a kind of optional embodiment, fuel cell start-up system, can be in addition to comprising all structures in Fig. 5
It include: temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is used to acquire the temperature of battery pile, and sends the temperature of acquisition to control
Device processed.Wherein, above-mentioned temperature sensor can be contact type temperature sensor, and installation site can pass through in battery pile
The temperature of battery pile is precisely detected with the mode that device in battery pile directly contacts；Above-mentioned temperature sensor may be non-contact
Formula temperature sensor, installation site can precisely detect electricity by experiencing the associated change of battery pile near battery pile
The temperature of Chi Dui.
Preferably, above-mentioned three-way magnetic valve and temperature sensor can be by storage battery power supplies, to enter normal work
State.
Therefore, because the battery can also provide electric energy for other power devices in fuel cell start-up system, and
The electricity of above-mentioned battery is limited.In 0 DEG C or less low temperature environment, the electric energy of battery itself can also decay,
The total electricity that can be exported tails off, in the lower situation of cold boot of fuel cell Process Energy efficiency, long-time battery consumption
Electricity may arrive cause accumulator electric-quantity exhaust even damage, make fuel cell system BOP (Balance of Plant) supply
Electricity interrupts, system starting failure.Therefore fuel cell start-up is adjusted according to the temperature range of battery pile according to above-mentioned by controller 4
The switch or watt level of power device (such as entering heap air heater 1 and liquid pump 5) in system improve fuel electricity in addition to realizing
Capacity usage ratio in the start-up course of pond accelerates also to protect the use of battery except starting, extend battery
Service life.
Embodiment two
For the technical problem that energy utilization efficiency during cold boot of fuel cell is relatively low, the utility model embodiment is mentioned
A kind of high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system is gone out, Fig. 7 is low according to the high-efficiency fuel cell of the utility model embodiment two
The schematic diagram of startup temperature system, as shown in fig. 7, the high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system include: into heap air heater 1,
Battery pile 2, heat-exchanger rig 3 (being heat exchange coil in figure), controller 4, liquid pump 5, air pump 6, battery 7, cell stack temperature
Sensor 8, cooling water radiator 9, three-way magnetic valve 10, solenoid valve 11, pressure reducing valve 12, hydrogen cylinder 13, coolant liquid storage tank 14.
Wherein, battery 7 is connect with heap air heater 1 is entered, and provides electric energy for it；Controller 4 receives cell stack temperature
The cell stack temperature signal that sensor 8 is monitored, and switch and watt level into heap air heater 1 are controlled, it also controls cold
But the flow direction of the switch of the fan of liquid radiator 9, the switch of liquid pump 5 and three-way magnetic valve 10；Wherein, heat exchange coil can be adopted
It with the material of high thermal conductivity coefficient, is immersed in the liquid of coolant liquid storage tank 14, uses and exchange heat between heap air and coolant liquid；
Three-way magnetic valve 10 selects directly to empty air according to the instruction of controller 4, i.e. selection P-1 pipeline, or passes through heat exchange plate
Pipe exchanges heat, i.e. selection P-2 pipeline.
Specifically, the fuel cell low-temperature start system in the utility model embodiment, operation method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) after fuel cell system issues starting-up signal, system controller 4 receives the detection of cell stack temperature sensor 8
Temperature data TS(DEG C), according to TSNumerical value judge system enter corresponding starting step, start startup procedure.
(2-1) is as cell stack temperature TSAt≤- 5 DEG C, opens and feed the heating of heap air into heap air heater 1, and control
Three-way magnetic valve 10 processed passes through P-2 pipeline, is not turned on liquid pump 5.Enter heap hot-air to the stream of battery pile 2 by heating at this time
Road and membrane electrode heating, heap air enters heat exchange coil out, is heated to the coolant liquid in coolant liquid storage tank 14.
Wherein, by heating, when monitoring -5 < T of cell stack temperatureSAt≤25 DEG C, for reduce energy consumption, close into
Heap air heater 1, program is transferred to step (2-2) at this time.
(2-2) is as -5 < T of cell stack temperatureSAt≤25 DEG C, do not start into heap air heater 1, if entering the heating of heap air
Device 1 is open state, then closes into heap air heater 1 to stop heating.It opens solenoid valve 11 and supplies fuel gas to battery pile 2
Electrochemical reaction takes place in body, battery pile 2, produces electricl energy and thermal energy.It controls three-way magnetic valve 10 and passes through P-2 pipeline, do not open
Open liquid pump 5.Battery pile 2 relies solely on itself heat of reaction heating at this time, and heap air enters heat exchange coil out, makes coolant liquid
Coolant liquid in storage tank 14 continues to heat up.
Wherein, by heating, when monitoring cell stack temperature TSAt 25 DEG C of >, control three-way magnetic valve 10 switchs to connect P-
1 pipeline, control liquid pump 5 start, and program is transferred to step (2-3) at this time.
(2-3) is as cell stack temperature TSAt 25 DEG C of >, do not start into heap air heater 1, battery pile is directly entered room temperature
Starting operation program.I.e. system controller 4 controls three-way magnetic valve 10 and connects P-1 pipeline, control start liquid pump 5, battery pile
Start operation program into room temperature, opens solenoid valve 11, or keep the open state of solenoid valve 11.When cell stack temperature rise to it is pre-
When determining running temperature, the fan that controller 4 starts cooling water radiator 9 radiates, and maintains the running temperature of battery pile 2.
The utility model embodiment is used by the temperature range inside battery pile 2 when monitoring fuel cell start-up
The starting step of point temperature range, by be arranged in coolant liquid storage tank 14 heat exchange coil in the way of, add to the coolant liquid of low temperature
Heat, and then the energy of heap air is made full use of out, capacity usage ratio is improved, solves fuel cell start-up process under low temperature environment
The low technical problem of middle capacity usage ratio, and the successful that guarantee starts while being rapidly heated.
Embodiment three
For the technical problem that energy utilization efficiency during cold boot of fuel cell is relatively low, the utility model embodiment is mentioned
Another high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system is gone out, Fig. 8 is the high-efficiency fuel cell according to the utility model embodiment three
The schematic diagram of low-temperature start system, as shown in figure 8, the high-efficiency fuel cell low-temperature start system includes: into heap air heater
1, battery pile 2, heat-exchanger rig 3 (being gas-liquid heat-exchange in figure), controller 4, liquid pump 5, air pump 6, battery 7, battery pile
Temperature sensor 8, cooling water radiator 9, three-way magnetic valve 10, solenoid valve 11, pressure reducing valve 12, hydrogen cylinder 13, coolant liquid storage tank
14。
Wherein, battery 7 is connect with heap air heater 1 is entered, and provides electric energy for it；Controller 4 receives cell stack temperature
The cell stack temperature signal that sensor 8 is monitored, and switch and watt level into heap air heater 1 are controlled, it controls simultaneously
The flow direction of the switch of the fan of cooling water radiator 9, the switch of liquid pump 5 and three-way magnetic valve 10；Gas-liquid heat-exchange is using high
The material of thermal coefficient is used and is exchanged heat between heap air and coolant liquid；Three-way magnetic valve 10 is selected according to the instruction of controller 4
It selects air directly to empty, that is, enters P-1 pipeline, or pass through gas-liquid heat-exchange, i.e. P-2 pipeline.
Specifically, the fuel cell low-temperature start system in the utility model embodiment, operation method includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) after fuel cell system issues starting-up signal, system controller 4 receives the detection of cell stack temperature sensor 8
Temperature data TS(DEG C), according to TSNumerical value judge system enter corresponding starting step, start startup procedure.
(2-1) is as cell stack temperature TSAt≤- 5 DEG C, opens and feed the heating of heap air into heap air heater 1, and control
Three-way magnetic valve 10 processed passes through P-2 pipeline, while opening 5 slow-speed of revolution of liquid pump operation.At this time by heating enter heap air to
The runner and membrane electrode of battery pile 2 heat, and heap air enters gas-liquid heat-exchange out, is heated to coolant liquid, by preheating
Heat flux enters battery pile 2, to realize the heating of battery pile 2.It should be noted that the operation of 5 slow-speed of revolution of liquid pump herein is low
Revolving speed can consider that less than half for the revolving speed being less than under the rated power of liquid pump 5, specific value can be needed according to specific
Depending on asking.
Wherein, by heating, when monitoring -5 < T of cell stack temperatureSAt≤25 DEG C, for reduce energy consumption, close into
Heap air heater 1, program is transferred to step (2-2) at this time.
(2-2) is as -5 < T of cell stack temperatureSAt≤25 DEG C, in the state of entering heap air heater 1 in unlatching, close
It closes into heap air heater 1, its stopping is made to feed the heating of heap air.It opens solenoid valve 11 and supplies fuel gas, electricity to battery pile 2
Electrochemical reaction takes place in pond heap 2, produces electricl energy and thermal energy.And it controls three-way magnetic valve 10 and passes through P-2 pipeline, protect simultaneously
Hold 5 slow-speed of revolution of liquid pump operation.Battery pile 2 relies solely on itself heat of reaction heating at this time, and heap air enters gas-liquid and changes out
Hot device makes coolant liquid continue to heat up.
Wherein, by heating, when monitoring cell stack temperature TSAt 25 DEG C of >, control three-way magnetic valve 10 switchs to connect P-
1 pipeline, control liquid pump 5 are run according to rated speed, and program is transferred to step (2-3) at this time.
(2-3) is as cell stack temperature TSAt 25 DEG C of >, do not start into heap air heater 1, battery pile 2 is directly entered room temperature
Starting operation program.I.e. system controller 4 controls three-way magnetic valve 10 and connects P-1 pipeline, and control start liquid pump 5 is according to specified
Revolving speed operation, battery pile 2 enter room temperature starting operation program, open solenoid valve 11, or keep the open state of solenoid valve 11.When
When 2 temperature of battery pile rises to predetermined running temperature, the fan that controller 4 starts cooling water radiator 9 radiates, and maintains battery
The running temperature of heap 2.
The utility model embodiment is used by the temperature range inside battery pile 2 when monitoring fuel cell start-up
The starting step of point temperature range, by heap air stream out over-fill the gas-liquid heat-exchange of coolant liquid in the way of to low temperature cooling
Liquid heating, and then the energy of heap air is made full use of out, capacity usage ratio is improved, solves fuel cell start-up under low temperature environment
The low technical problem of capacity usage ratio in the process, and the successful that guarantee starts while being rapidly heated.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, all emphasize particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, in some embodiment
The part not being described in detail, reference can be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed technology contents can pass through others
Mode is realized.Wherein, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, such as the division of the unit, Ke Yiwei
A kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can combine or
Person is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, shown or discussed is mutual
Between coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection can be through some interfaces, the INDIRECT COUPLING or communication link of unit or module
It connects, can be electrical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
On unit.It can some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment according to the actual needs.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the utility model can integrate in one processing unit,
It can be each unit to physically exist alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.It is above-mentioned integrated
Unit both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
If the integrated unit is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit and sells or use as independent product
When, it can store in a computer readable storage medium.Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the utility model sheet
The all or part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can be with software product in other words in matter
Form embodies, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used so that a meter
It calculates machine equipment (can be personal computer, server or network equipment etc.) and executes each embodiment the method for the utility model
All or part of the steps.And storage medium above-mentioned include: USB flash disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), with
Machine access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic or disk etc. are various to can store journey
The medium of sequence code.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, without departing from the principle of this utility model, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improve and
Retouching also should be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fuel cell start-up system characterized by comprising enter heap air heater, battery pile and heat-exchanger rig,
In,
It is described enter heap air heater, for heating to entering heap air；
The battery pile after heap air heated, generates electricity for entering after being heated；
The heat-exchanger rig, for changing heap air and the coolant liquid of the battery pile out that are discharged from the battery pile
Heat is the battery pile heat supply by the coolant liquid, completes the starting of the fuel cell.
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat-exchanger rig includes: heat exchange coil, wherein
In the heat exchange coil flowing have it is described go out heap air, flowing have it is described go out heap air the heat exchange coil be dipped into
In the coolant liquid that coolant liquid storage tank loads.
3. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat-exchanger rig includes: gas-liquid heat-exchange, wherein
The gas-liquid heat-exchange is for receiving the heap air out, wherein the heap air out is right in the gas-liquid heat-exchange
The coolant liquid is heated.
4. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes: control valve, wherein
The control valve exports the heap air out into the heat-exchanger rig for controlling, and is still expelled directly out.
5. system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the control valve is three-way magnetic valve.
6. according to claim 1, system described in 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the system also includes: controller is used for basis
The temperature of the battery pile, to it is described enter heap air heater control, complete the starting of the fuel cell.
7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the controller is also used to the temperature in the battery pile
Enter in the case where lower than the first temperature threshold, described in unlatching heap air heater to it is described enter heap air heat；Described
In the case that the temperature of battery pile is higher than first temperature threshold and is less than second temperature threshold value, heap air is entered described in closing
Heater, stop to it is described enter heap air heat；And it is higher than the second temperature threshold value in the temperature of the battery pile
In the case where, the closed state of heap air heater is entered described in maintenance.
8. system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include: liquid pump, wherein the liquid pump is used for root
It is held according to the control signal that the controller issues in the case where the temperature of the battery pile is lower than the second temperature threshold value
Row is closed processing or is operated with the power lower than rated power；It is higher than the second temperature in the temperature of the battery pile
In the case where threshold value, carries out opening processing or be operated with the rated power.
9. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the system also includes: temperature sensor, wherein described
Temperature sensor is used to acquire the temperature of the battery pile, and sends the temperature of acquisition to the controller.
10. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the controller be also used to it is described enter heap air heating
The opening and closing of device and the size of heating power are controlled.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820424192.2U CN208939082U (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | Fuel cell start-up system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820424192.2U CN208939082U (en) | 2018-03-27 | 2018-03-27 | Fuel cell start-up system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108470925A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-31 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell start-up system and method |
| CN111900433A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell hydrogen heating system and method |
| CN112467254A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | High-voltage battery heating system and method |
-
2018
- 2018-03-27 CN CN201820424192.2U patent/CN208939082U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108470925A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-31 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell start-up system and method |
| CN108470925B (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2023-10-24 | 东方电气(成都)氢燃料电池科技有限公司 | Fuel cell starting system and method |
| CN111900433A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-11-06 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell hydrogen heating system and method |
| CN112467254A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | High-voltage battery heating system and method |
| CN112467254B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-08-19 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | High-voltage battery heating system and method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200826 Address after: 610000 No. 18 West core road, hi tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Patentee after: Dongfang Electric (Chengdu) Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 611731, No. 18, West core road, hi tech West District, Sichuan, Chengdu Patentee before: DONGFANG ELECTRIC Corp. |