CN208667381U - A kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to environmental technology field, especially a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system, including collecting system, setting pot, sludge pump, water pump, diversion channel, processing unit.Sanitary sewage mixes in setting pot, precipitates, enter processing unit by water pump, diversion channel and handled, realize qualified discharge after collecting system is collected.Heavy puddle, drop weir and the bentonite impervious barrier being arranged in processing unit can effectively avoid and seep under the blocking of packing layer, the generation of stink and sewage.Compared with prior art, the utility model is based on the existing irrigation canals and ditches in hilly country rural area, construct the plant combined reparation system of microorganism-, not only solve the qualified discharge of hilly country domestic sewage in rural areas, have the advantages that good small investment, effect, management easy to maintain, rural environments can be beautified, at the same can be effectively reduced the stink generated in wastewater treatment process, the blocking for reducing artificial swamp, reduce underground water and soil pollution risk technical advantage.

Description

A kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system

Technical field

The utility model relates to environmental technology field more particularly to a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment systems.

Background technique

2015, State Council printed and distributed water prevention and cure of pollution action plan (i.e. " ten, water "), and water environment protection and water pollution are repaired The multiple hot spot for becoming public attention again, clearly " agriculture rural pollution prevention and treatment will be promoted " in " ten, water " and be put into industry, Cities and towns prevention and cure of pollution status of equal importance.There are 9.3 hundred million to be distributed in villages and small towns in 13.3 hundred million population of China, wherein village population is about 7.63 hundred million, the 57.4% of country's total population is accounted for, sanitary sewage annual emissions are about 9,000,000,000 tons, meanwhile, rural domestic sewage treatment skill The development of art seriously lags, wastewater treatment rate wretched insufficiency (less than 10%), and Rural Water Pollution object discharge amount is made persistently to remain high-order (50% or more of Zhan Quanguo Sewage Water Emissions amount), makes Ecological Environment face immense pressure, controls realization " ten, water " Managing target, there are serious restrictive functions, and therefore, the processing of domestic sewage in rural areas is extremely urgent.Not with town dweller's sanitary sewage Together, domestic sewage in rural areas discharge more disperses, and variation water quality is big, and (country sewage discharge amount is early for sewage discharge period Relatively centralized Evening is bigger than daytime, and night easily stops), since domestic sewage in rural areas is mainly fecal sewage, water for bathing, laundry water and kitchen Sewage, and hardened ground rate is low, washes away and bring silt with rainwash, therefore domestic sewage in rural areas ingredient is mainly COD, BOD, SS, N, P, therefore domestic sewage in rural areas ingredient is more single, substantially free of heavy metal and poisonous and harmful substance in water. And hilly country domestic sewage in rural areas is other than the feature for having domestic sewage in rural areas, degree of scatter is higher, collects more tired It is difficult.

The treatment process of domestic sewage in rural areas mainly has at present: 1) traditional activated sludge process, oxidation ditch process, A/O method, A²/O Method, SBR method, biological filter process, these techniques not only need higher water processing establishment construction cost, it is also necessary to which investment is bigger Fund carries out the collection of sanitary sewage, simultaneously as the water quality and quantity feature of domestic sewage in rural areas, also increases these techniques Operation expense reduces the operation stability of system.2) simple Ecological Disposal method, typical ecological technique have Manual moist Ground, oxidation pond technique, soil permeability method, these techniques reduce sewage collecting cost and capital construction cost to a certain extent, but It is that its treatment effeciency is low, poor processing effect, also, in oxidation pond technique and soil permeability method, drainage flow is poor, especially holds It is also easy to produce stink, pollution air, soil and groundwater are not suitable for promoting and applying in today of ecological environment form sternness.With this Meanwhile we should be seen that, rural area generally has irrigation canals and ditches (mostly cover board embedded irrigation canals and ditches or the buried tube type for sewage collecting at present Sewage collection system).Therefore, China is badly in need of wanting a kind of combination country practical situation at present, and the existing basis in rural area is made full use of to set It applies, infrastructure investment is relatively low, the reliable and stable domestic sewage treatment process for the treatment of effect.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model precisely in order to overcome above-mentioned technical characterstic, in conjunction with hilly country topography and landform character and Existing sewage collection system and propose a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system, not only realize that hilly country rural area is raw The qualified discharge of sewage living, while having the advantages that low energy consumption, capital cost is relatively low, treatment effect is stable.

A kind of the utility model technical scheme applied to solve the technical problem are as follows: hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment System, including collecting system, setting pot, sludge pump, water pump, diversion channel, processing unit, in which:

Collecting system makes full use of existing irrigation canals and ditches, pipeline, is dispersed throughout life in the countryside area, with fully considering hilly country landform Looks feature, using flow by gravity by rural domestic sewage collection in setting pot；Sanitary sewage realizes silt and big in setting pot Precipitating, the stabilization of water quality mixing and water of particle suspensions, mixed sanitary sewage are defeated through diversion channel after water pump pressurizes It send to processing unit.

The silt and biggish organic matter deposited in setting pot is extracted out by sludge pump, can be used as farmyard manure after compost fermentation, Or it directly fills.

Flashboard and flowmeter are equipped in diversion channel, flashboard is used for the adjusting of flow, and flowmeter is for measuring life in irrigation canals and ditches Flow, the flow velocity of sewage.

Processing unit is reconstructed by original irrigation canals and ditches according to topography and is obtained, and side slope area, cultivation area, heavy puddle and drop weir, edge are divided into Water (flow) direction, side slope area are symmetrically distributed in the two sides of cultivation area, heavy puddle and weir of dropping.Wherein, along cross-section of river direction, side slope Area is followed successively by water channel side slope, microorganism adhesion bag, keel from outside to inside, and microorganism adhesion bag is fixed on water channel side slope by keel On.Cultivation area is followed successively by hypothallus, bentonite impervious barrier from top to bottom, and cultivation area, heavy puddle, drop weir are set gradually, along water Flow direction periodic distribution.

The microorganism adhesion bag is sack made of permeable PP non-woven fabrics, has good water penetration, nontoxic, Suitable for attached growth of microorganisms；In microorganism adhesion bag be filled with sepiolite, flyash, vermiculite, great Sha mixture, sepiolite, The diameter of vermiculite is preferably selected as 1 ~ 2cm, flyash, great Sha diameter be preferably selected as 2 ~ 5mm, it is sepiolite, flyash, vermiculite, big Husky mass ratio is preferably 1:2:2:3；On the one hand the filler filled in microorganism adhesion bag can play microorganism adhesion bag Good stabilization provides good growth ring simultaneously as filler possesses biggish specific surface area for the growth of microorganism Border, microorganism adhesion bag and its filler can be simultaneously aerobic microbiological, facultative microbe and anaerobe provide existence place, So that microorganism is acted synergistically, pollutant concentration in sanitary sewage is effectively reduced.

The keel are made of prefabricated nylon bandage and drill rod, and there is a hole at nylon bandage both ends, and with drill rod by nylon Bandage is fixed in water channel side slope.The water channel grade of side slope is no more than 60 °.

The hypothallus is followed successively by loam layer, gravel layer, haydite layer, zeolite layer, Flyash Layer from top to bottom, wherein earth Soil thickness is 10 ~ 25cm, and gravel layer 10 ~ 20cm of thickness, the diameter of gravel particle is preferably 5 ~ 6cm；Haydite layer with a thickness of 10 ~ 20cm, the diameter of haydite are preferably 3 ~ 5cm；Zeolite layer is preferably 1 ~ 2cm with a thickness of 8 ~ 10cm, the diameter of zeolite granular；Flyash Layer With a thickness of 10 ~ 15cm.In hypothallus, the wetland plant for reasonably selecting 5 kinds or more according to project location carries out companion planting, keeps four Season is evergreen, can preferentially select in following wetland plant: Lythrum salicariaLythrumsalicaria L.；Thaliadeabata Thalia dealbata Fraser；Arundo donaxArundo donax var. versicolor；Umbrella grassCyperusalternifolius Linn. ；CattailTypha orientalisPresl；Yellow flagIris pseudacorus L.；LotusLotus flower； CannaCanna indica L.；ReedPhragmites communisTrin；Scirpus tabernaemontaniScirpusvalidusVahl；Phoenix eyes LotusEichhorniacrassipes.；Floating heartNymphoidespeltatum(Gmel.)O.Kuntze；Water hyacinthEichhorniacrassipes (Mart.) Solms.Wherein, wetland plant can effectively absorb the nitrogen phosphorus in sanitary sewage Element, and have good degradation effect to organic matter, hypothallus is not only that wetland plant provides stable growth place, is reduced wet The drift of ground plant, while good retention effect can be played to the pollutant in sanitary sewage, realize wetland plant to life The constant absorption of dirty Organic substance in water and nitrogen P elements.

Bentonite in the bentonite impervious barrier is the smashed bentonite clay particle of nature, with a thickness of 10 ~ 15cm.By In hilly country, flow rate of water flow is larger, and bentonite impervious barrier can effectively prevent the lower infiltration of sanitary sewage, reduces to soil and ground The pollution being lauched, while bentonite impervious barrier has cheap, easy for construction, the preferable feature of anti-seepage effect.

The heavy puddle and drop weir, the cultivation section length of centre setting is preferably 100 ~ 500m, and heavy puddle depth is preferably The drop drop of 80 ~ 100cm, weir of dropping are preferably 30 ~ 80cm, and heavy puddle and drop weir are precast member for reinforcing bar concrete, are sunk Puddle is preferably designed as inverted trapezoidal, and drop weir is preferably designed as inverted "L" shape, and for the stability for guaranteeing drop weir, drop weir is reserved with branch Hole is supportted, and is configured with branch column fitting, pillar can be made according to irrigation canals and ditches situation by coating steel pipe.It heavy puddle can be effective Current scour bring silt is removed, the blocking risk of cultivation area hypothallus is further decreased, and weir of dropping can effectively supplement Dissolved oxygen in sanitary sewage guarantees stable treatment effect, while sanitary sewage disposal can be effectively reduced in the process because molten The stink for solving hypoxgia and generating.

A kind of process flow of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system includes the following steps:

1) collecting system in life in the countryside area is dispersed throughout by Domestic sewage collecting in setting pot；

2) sanitary sewage realized in setting pot the precipitating of silt, water quality mixing and water stabilization, after it is defeated through water pump It send to diversion channel；

3) sanitary sewage in diversion channel is adjusted through flashboard, enters processing unit after flowmeter metering；

4) sanitary sewage is in processing unit, in aerobic microbiological, facultative microbe, anaerobe and water plant Qualified discharge is realized under Combined Treatment.

Beneficial effect possessed by the utility model is: the utility model based on the existing irrigation canals and ditches in hilly country rural area, The plant combined reparation system of microorganism-is constructed, the qualified discharge of hilly country domestic sewage in rural areas is not only solved, there is investment Less, effect is good, management easy to maintain, can beautify the advantages of rural environments, while can be effectively reduced in wastewater treatment process and producing The technical advantage of the risk of raw stink, the blocking, reduction underground water and the soil pollution that reduce artificial swamp.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing 1 is the processing flow schematic diagram of the utility model.

Attached drawing 2 is processing unit cross-section of river schematic diagram described in the utility model.

Attached drawing 3 is heavy puddle and drop weir schematic diagram belonging to the utility model.

Attached drawing 4 is the utility model keel structure and assembling schematic diagram, wherein nylon used in (a) corresponding assembling keel is taut Band, (b) drill rod used in corresponding assembling keel.

Attached drawing 5 is the fixed schematic diagram of the utility model microorganism adhesion bag.

Attached drawing 6 is the utility model hypothallus arrangement schematic diagram.

Attached drawing 7 is the heavy puddle three-view diagram schematic diagram of the utility model, wherein (a) corresponds to main view, it is (b) corresponding to overlook Figure, (c) corresponding left view.

Attached drawing 8 is the drop weir three-view diagram schematic diagram of the utility model, wherein (a) corresponds to main view, it is (b) corresponding to overlook Figure, (c) corresponding left view.

Specific embodiment:

1 ~ 8 pair of the utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 8, the utility model include: collecting system 1, setting pot 2, diversion channel 3, water pump 4, processing unit 5, Sludge pump 21, flashboard 31, flowmeter 32, side slope area 51, cultivation area 52, keel 53, heavy puddle 54, drop weir 55, water channel side slope 511, microorganism adhesion bag 512, hypothallus 521, bentonite impervious barrier 522, nylon bandage 531, drill rod 532, pillar 551, earth Soil layer 5211, gravel layer 5212, haydite layer 5213, zeolite layer 5214, Flyash Layer 5215.

Wherein, sludge pump 21 is set in setting pot 2；Flashboard 31 and flowmeter 32 are successively installed on water conservancy diversion along water (flow) direction In canal 3.Processing unit 5 is made of side slope area 51, cultivation area 52, heavy puddle 54, drop weir 55, wherein side slope area 51 is distributed in Cultivation area 52, heavy puddle 54, weir 55 of dropping two sides, cultivation area 52, heavy puddle 54, drop weir 55 are set gradually, along water flow side To periodic distribution；Wherein, microorganism adhesion bag 512 is piled up in water channel side slope 511, is fixed on water channel side slope using keel 53 511, wherein keel 53 are made of nylon bandage 531 and drill rod 532, and water channel side slope 511, microorganism adhesion bag 512, keel 53 are total With composition side slope area 51；Cultivation area 52 is made of hypothallus 521 and bentonite impervious barrier 522, wherein hypothallus 521 is arrived from above Under be followed successively by loam layer 5211, gravel layer 5212, haydite layer 5213, zeolite layer 5214 and Flyash Layer 5215.

As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 8, domestic sewage in rural areas enters setting pot 2 after the collection of collecting system 1, in setting pot 2, life Sewage realizes the stabilization of the precipitating of silt and bulky grain suspended matter, water quality mixing and water, silt and bulky grain in setting pot 2 The precipitating of suspended matter can effectively reduce the blocking of artificial swamp, enhance artificial swamp operation stability, and water quality mixing and water are steady Be conducive to ensure the stable operation of artificial swamp calmly.After setting pot 2 runs the regular hour, the silt and organic matter of deposition are through dirt Dredge pump 21 is discharged, and carries out subsequent compost or landfill disposal.The sanitary sewage being uniformly mixed in setting pot 2 then pressurizes through water pump 4 Enter diversion channel 3 afterwards, is delivered to processing unit 5 and carries out the plant combined reparation of microorganism-, after sanitary sewage enters processing unit 5, On the one hand, microorganism adhesion bag 512 and its filler are aerobic microbiological, facultative microbe and anaerobe provide and inhabit field Institute, COD, BOD, ammonia nitrogen, P in sanitary sewage provide nutriment for the growth of microorganism, realize the pollution in sanitary sewage The Partial digestion of object makes microorganism adhesion bag 512 since microorganism adhesion bag 512 is fixed in water channel side slope 511 by keel 53 With good stability and resistance to erosion ability；On the other hand, the water plant in cultivation area 52 utilizes root system absorption and rhizosphere The decomposition of microorganism further decreases the concentration of COD, BOD in waste water, ammonia nitrogen, P, and some of the contaminants can also be by cultivation area 52 Hypothallus 521 adsorb fix, night low water or cutout when plant growth provide nutrition, realize the round-the-clock place of waste water Reason.With the extension of cultivation area 52, the pollutant in sanitary sewage by plant, microorganisms degradation, absorption and is utilized, and is realized The purification of water quality is finally reached discharge standard or irrigation water standard.On the one hand, since hilly country waterpower drop is big, agriculture Village's hardened ground rate is low, is easy during Domestic sewage collecting and in transport process to bring silt, in general, due to cultivation area The presence of water plant in 52, can delay to silt in sewage is caused, will lead to the lifting of cultivation area 52 after longtime running, The even blocking of hypothallus 521, influences the stable operation of sewage disposal system, in the present invention, sanitary sewage is being cultivated After area 52 handles certain distance, it will enter in heavy puddle 54, heavy puddle 54 is equivalent to a small-sized sedimentation basin, sewage can be made to exist It collects and gets off with bring sediment deposition in transport process, meanwhile, the silt maintenance easy to clean deposited in heavy puddle 54, to water The stable operation of processing system is most important.On the other hand, sanitary sewage dissolved oxygen concentration itself is with regard to relatively low, in addition sewage It transports and handles for a long time in artificial swamp, the dissolved oxygen concentration in water further decreases, and leads to hypothallus 521, water plant The death of aerobic microbiological, not only reduces wastewater treatment efficiency in the facultative microbe and water body of rhizosphere, while will lead to aquatic The death of plant fibrous root, the serious death for even resulting in water plant, in the present invention, sanitary sewage is in cultivation area 52 After middle processing a distance, drop phenomenon occurs into drop weir 55, effectively supplements the dissolved oxygen in waste water, wastewater treatment is provided Effect reduces in water treatment procedure because of stink caused by the effect of anaerobic bacteria, the death of root, the death of aerobic microbiological, Reduce the air pollution generated in sewage disposal process.Below hypothallus 521, it is equipped with bentonite impervious barrier 522, it can be effective The lower infiltration for avoiding sanitary sewage, avoids soil and groundwater from polluting.

As shown in Figure 1, the process of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment includes the following steps:

1) collecting system 1 in life in the countryside area is dispersed throughout by Domestic sewage collecting 2 in setting pot；

2) sanitary sewage realized in setting pot 2 precipitating of silt, water quality mixing and water stabilization, after through water pump 4 It is delivered to diversion channel 3；

3) sanitary sewage in diversion channel 3 is adjusted through flashboard 31, and flowmeter 32 enters processing unit 5 after measuring；

4) sanitary sewage is in processing unit 5, in aerobic microbiological, facultative microbe, anaerobe and water plant Combined Treatment realize qualified discharge.

The utility model utilize the existing drainage ditch in hilly country rural area, in the domestic sewage in rural areas of hilly country COD, The pollutants such as BOD, ammonia nitrogen, P carry out plant-microorganism joint and repair, firstly, by piling up microorganism attachment in irrigation canals and ditches side slope Bag constructs the water process microenvironment that aerobic microbiological, facultative microbe and anaerobe coexist, and improves microorganism to life The treatment effect of sewage；Secondly, avoiding because of hilly country by the heavy puddle of cultivation area Reasonable Arrangement because sluicing is tight Caused by weight, hardened ground rate are low the problem of irrigation canals and ditches siltation, hypothallus blocking；Again, by falling in cultivation area Reasonable Arrangement Mill weir, solve because in waste water dissolved oxygen concentration it is low caused by bad-smell problem；Finally, being equipped with bentonite below hypothallus Impervious barrier, can effectively avoid seeped under sanitary sewage and caused by soil pollution and underground water pollution.The advantage of the utility model exists In small investment, effect be good, management easy to maintain, can beautify rural environments, while can be effectively reduced in water treatment procedure to sky The pollution of gas, soil and groundwater.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system, including collecting system (1), setting pot (2), sludge pump (21), Water pump (4), diversion channel (3), processing unit (5), which is characterized in that wherein: collecting system (1) makes full use of existing irrigation canals and ditches, pipe Road is dispersed throughout life in the countryside area, by rural domestic sewage collection in setting pot (2)；Sanitary sewage realizes mud in setting pot (2) Husky and bulky grain suspended matter precipitating, the stabilization of water quality mixing and water, mixed sanitary sewage pass through after water pump (4) pressurize Diversion channel (3) is delivered to processing unit (5)；Flashboard (31) and flowmeter (32) are equipped in diversion channel (3), flashboard (31) is for flowing The adjusting of amount, flowmeter (32) is for measuring the flow of sanitary sewage, flow velocity in irrigation canals and ditches；Processing unit (5) is according to topography by original Irrigation canals and ditches are reconstructed and are obtained, and are divided into side slope area (51), cultivation area (52), heavy puddle (54) and drop weir (55), along water (flow) direction, side slope Area (51) is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of cultivation area (52), heavy puddle (54) and drop weir (55)；It is described along cross-section of river direction Side slope area (51) is followed successively by water channel side slope (511), microorganism adhesion bag (512), keel (53), the keel from outside to inside (53) the microorganism adhesion bag (512) is fixed on water channel side slope (511)；The cultivation area (52) from top to bottom according to Secondary is hypothallus (521), bentonite impervious barrier (522)；The cultivation area (52), heavy puddle (54), drop weir (55) are successively Setting, along water (flow) direction periodic distribution.

2. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is micro- Biological attachment bag (512) is sack made of permeable PP non-woven fabrics, is filled with Hai Pao in the microorganism adhesion bag (512) Stone, flyash, vermiculite, great Sha mixture, sepiolite, vermiculite diameter be preferably selected as 1 ~ 2cm, flyash, great Sha diameter preferably select For 2 ~ 5mm, sepiolite, flyash, vermiculite, great Sha mass ratio be preferably 1:2:2:3.

3. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dragon Bone (53) is made of prefabricated nylon bandage (531) and drill rod (532), and there is hole at nylon bandage (531) both ends, and use drill rod (532) nylon bandage (531) is fixed on water channel side slope (511).

4. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the base Matter layer (521) is followed successively by loam layer (5211), gravel layer (5212), haydite layer (5213), zeolite layer (5214), powder from top to bottom Soot layer (5215), medium loam layer (5211) with a thickness of 10 ~ 25cm, gravel layer (5212) 10 ~ 20cm of thickness, gravel particle Diameter is preferably 5 ~ 6cm；Haydite layer (5213) is preferably 3 ~ 5cm with a thickness of 10 ~ 20cm, the diameter of haydite；Zeolite layer (5214) thickness For 8 ~ 10cm, the diameter of zeolite granular is preferably 1 ~ 2cm；Flyash Layer (5215) is with a thickness of 10 ~ 15cm.

5. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is swollen The bentonite moistened in native impervious barrier (522) is the smashed bentonite clay particle of nature, with a thickness of 10 ~ 15cm.

6. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described is heavy Puddle (54) is precast member for reinforcing bar concrete, is preferably designed as inverted trapezoidal, depth is preferably 80 ~ 100cm.

7. a kind of hilly country rural domestic sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described falls Mill weir (55) is precast member for reinforcing bar concrete, is preferably designed as inverted "L" shape, drop drop is preferably 30 ~ 80cm, the drop weir (55) it is reserved with supported hole, is furnished with branch column fitting.