CN2085106U - High-frequency contravariant type charging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a high-frequency contravariant type charging machine, which is used for charging batteries for industries and civil use, comprising a transformer, an output rectifier and a controller. The utility model is characterized in that the high-frequency contravariant type charging machine are also provided with an input rectifier and an inverter; main power is connected with the inverter by the input rectifier and is connected with an output rectifier by the transformer; The utility model has the advantages of small size, light weight, high efficiency, convenient portability and convenient application.

Description

High-frequency contravariant type charging machine

The utility model relates to a kind of high-frequency inverter-type charger, is used for to industrial and civilian storage battery charging.

The charger that uses mainly contains two kinds of structural shapes at present: a kind of is transformation rectifier type, and it is rectification output again after with Industrial Frequency Transformer voltage being reduced, and its shortcoming is the big heaviness of Industrial Frequency Transformer body; Another kind is a controllable silicon direct current rectifier type, and it is the step-down of the pressured low silicon controlled angle of flow, in the occasion of need low-voltage and high-current charging, the angle of flow will be very little, so that cause the serious rugged change of power supply wave shape, power factor is very low, to the power supply serious interference, can not on power supply with small capacity, use.It is little that the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of volume, in light weight, efficient height, the high-frequency inverter-type charger that is suitable for using under various conditions.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that it comprises transformer, output rectifier, controller and housing, it is characterized in that also having input rectifier and inverter.50HZ(or 60HZ) civil power adjust through input rectifier and deliver to the inverter of forming by thyristor for direct current and after filtering; inverter of the present utility model has two kinds of patterns; a kind of is the full-bridge type inverter; it is made up of four thyristors and corresponding protection element; insert the output of input rectifier after thyristor is connected in twos, the interface of two series elements is as the elementary winding of the output termination transformer of inverter.Another kind is a semi-bridge type inverter, it is made up of two thyristors and two capacitors, two thyristor series connection, two capacitors in series, and inserting the output of input rectifier respectively, the interface of two series connection components and parts is as the elementary winding of the output termination transformer of inverter.Secondary winding of transformer connects output rectifier, can insert the electrode that is recharged storage battery after the rectification.Controller can be to transfer pulse width controller, or the frequency modulation control device.The control signal of controller output inserts the control end of thyristor in the inverter.Like this, the switch element of inverter is under the control of controller, with certain frequency and pulse width period turn on and off, the alternating current that will the generation cycle on the elementary winding of transformer changes, the induced current that produces on the secondary winding can charge to storage battery after the output rectifier rectification.Conditioning controller changes the pulsewidth (frequency and amplitude are fixed) of output, or changes the frequency (amplitude and pulsewidth are fixed) of output, exports charging current to predetermined value with regard to scalable.

The utility model is operated on the quite high frequency transformer by inverter, thereby the volume and weight of transformer dwindles greatly.Therefore, it is little to the utlity model has volume, and the efficient height is in light weight, the power factor advantages of higher, and it is noiseless substantially to power supply, is applicable to various environmental conditions.Especially in occasion mobile and the use power supply with small capacity.

Fig. 1 adopts semi-bridge type inverter, transfers the circuit theory diagrams of the charger of pulse width controller for the utility model is a kind of.

Fig. 2 adopts the circuit for charging machine schematic diagram of full-bridge type inverter, accent pulse width controller for the utility model.

Fig. 3 adopts semi-bridge type inverter, the circuit theory diagrams of the charger of frequency modulation control device for the utility model.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof the utility model is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, embodiment one is by semi-bridge type inverter major loop and the charger of transferring pulse width controller to form.Input rectifier 1 is formed bridge rectifier by four diodes, input AC civil power, output high direct voltage.Capacitor C ₁, C ₂Connect the back to high direct voltage filtering, simultaneously capacitor C ₁, C ₂With transistor T ₁, T ₂Constitute semi-bridge type inverter 2, T ₁, T ₂After the series connection, connect the output of input rectifier 1.Two series capacitor C ₁, C ₂Interface and two series connection triode T ₁, ₂Interface as the first utmost point winding of the output termination transformer 3 of inverter 2, secondly utmost point winding meets diode D ₇, D ₈, form output rectifier 4, the output termination of output rectifier 4 is recharged the electrode of storage battery.Controller 5 power supplys are directly provided by the storage battery electrode.Controller 5 is made up of square-wave generator, amplifier, pulse transformer.Square-wave generator is by pulse width modulator LN3575(IC ₁), potentiometer W ₁, capacitor C ₃, diode D ₉Form potentiometer W ₁Mid point meet IC ₁7 pin, an end points connects positive source, another end points passes through capacitor C ₃Connect power cathode, W ₁And C ₃Interface meet IC ₁2 pin.The potentiometer of naming a person for a particular job in the potentiometer is divided into upper and lower two resistance R X, RY.Diode is connected across the RY two ends, is IC ₁7 pin and 2 pin, the negative electrode of diode connects 2 pin, anode connects 7 pin, when electric capacity charged, electric current was C through RX ₃Charging, its time constant is RXC ₃This moment IC ₁Output 3 pin output high potential, 4 pin output electronegative potential.Work as C ₃Charging, when making 2 pin current potentials be increased to 2/3rds supply voltages, IC ₁Upset, 3 pin and the output of 4 pin all are electronegative potentials.7 pin are connected over the ground, capacitor C ₃Begin discharge, discharging current is through RY, IC ₁7 pin, C ₃Current potential begins to descend, when reducing to 1/3rd supply voltages, and IC ₁Upset, 4 pin begin to export high potential, 3 pin output electronegative potential, 7 pin stop discharge, capacitor C ₃Begin again to charge by RX.IC when charging to 2/3rds supply voltages ₁Upset, IC ₁3 pin, 4 pin all export electronegative potential, 7 pin are connected over the ground, capacitor C ₃Begin discharge.Capacitor C ₃Constantly charge, discharge, IC ₃3 pin and 4 pin promptly export 180 ° of the phasic differences mutually of two row, pulsewidth can be by W ₁The square wave of regulating, the output of 3 pin is via T ₃, T ₄The amplifier of forming send pulse transformer B after amplifying ₂, B ₂Secondary winding b ₁, e ₁Meet T ₁Base stage, emitter, control T ₁Break-make.IC ₃4 pin output through another group structure circuit control T same as described above ₂Open close.Like this, two transistors in the inverter are under the control of controller, with certain frequency and pulsewidth, periodically turn-on and turn-off.Capacitor C ₁, C ₂I.e. first utmost point winding by transformer 3 constantly charges and discharges, and has just occurred alternating voltage and electric current on the elementary winding, and the output of secondary winding is by D ₇, D ₈After the rectification, can charge to storage battery.Regulator potentiometer W ₁, can change pulsewidth, promptly scalable and control charging current are to predetermined value.Described transistor T ₁, T ₂It also can be field effect transistor.

As shown in Figure 2, embodiment two is full-bridge type inverter major loop and the charger of transferring the pulse width controller composition.By T ₁-T ₄Four transistors are formed bridge-type inverter 7.Work as transistor T ₁, T ₄Conducting under the control of controller 10, T ₂, T ₃End, forward voltage and electric current occur on the transformer 8 elementary windings, work as transistor T ₂, T ₃Conducting, T ₁, T ₄By constantly, reverse voltage and electric current appear on the transformer 8, and inferior utmost point winding connects output rectifier, after alternating voltage is adjusted into direct current, is delivered to the storage battery electrode, is the storage battery charging.Regulator potentiometer W ₁, the scalable pulse duration, and then regulate and the control charging current, the structure of controller, principle is identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment three is to make switch element in the inverter with controllable silicon as shown in Figure 3, the semi-bridge type inverter 12 of three phase mains input.Three phase mains is through D ₁-D ₆After the rectification, for inverter 12 work.Work as SCR ₁When being triggered conducting, capacitor C ₂By transformer 13, SCR ₁Discharge, and capacitor C ₃Then by transformer 13 and SCR ₁Charging, transformer 13 flows through the positive direction electric current, when discharging and recharging end, SCR ₁Electric current reduces to 0 and close.Subsequently, SCR ₂Conducting is triggered.C ₃Pass through SCR ₂With transformer 13 discharges, C ₁By transformer 13, SCR ₂The charging, transformer 13 flows through the negative direction electric current, discharge and recharge end after, SCR ₂Close.SCR ₁And SCR ₂Be triggered in turn, then transformer 13 is because of capacitor C ₂, C ₃Constantly charge and discharge and alternating voltage and electric current occur.Its pulse duration is by C ₁, C ₂The inductance value and the decision of secondary equivalent resistance of capacitance, transformer 13.The energy basic fixed of each pulse process output, output current changes frequency by discharging and recharging the frequency decision, can change output current.Output current signal is taken out by shunt RL, send operational amplifier F ₁Negative input end, export F after the amplification to ₂Positive input terminal.With potentiometer W ₁The set-point signal of sending here compares, and its difference is by F ₂After the amplification, be delivered to F ₃Negative input end, control F ₃Output current, this electric current is given capacitor C ₅Charging, C ₅Charge to voltage-stabiliser tube CW ₁During breakover voltage, controllable silicon SCR ₃Conducting, C ₅Pass through SCR ₃Discharge, and then be recharged again.F ₃Output sawtooth waveforms appears, this sawtooth waveforms exports the JK flip-flop clock signal terminal to as clock signal.Like this, 180 ° of phase phasic differences promptly appear in two outputs of θ, θ, and frequency is the square wave of clock signal 1/2nd.θ end output square wave is by capacitor C ₆, its forward position differential signal is through T ₁, T ₂Amplify, pulse transformer output triggers SCR ₁, θ end output square wave triggers SCR through another group structure circuit same as described above ₂Regulate W ₁, scalable F ₃The sawtooth waveforms frequency, and then change the operating frequency of inverter 12, make the output charging current reach predetermined value.When output current departs from W ₁During given current value, by F ₁, F ₂The degeneration factor of forming will be regulated the triggering frequency automatically, make output current consistent with set-point.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of high-frequency inverter-type charger, comprise transformer, output rectifier, controller and shell, it is characterized in that also having input rectifier and inverter, the power frequency civil power is adjusted into direct current through input rectifier, and the inverter that input is made up of thyristor after filtering, the elementary winding of the output termination transformer of inverter, Secondary winding of transformer connects output rectifier, output rectifier connects the electrode of charging battery jar, and the control signal of controller output connects the control end of switch element in the inverter.

2, according to the said high-frequency inverter-type charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that the bridge-type inverter that inverter is made up of four thyristors, after four thyristors are connected in twos, insert the output of input rectifier respectively, the interface of two series elements connects the elementary winding of transformer as the output of inverter.

3, according to the said high-frequency inverter-type charger of claim 1, it is characterized in that inverter is by two thyristors and two semi-bridge type inverters that capacitor is formed, two thyristor series connection, two capacitors in series, insert the output of input rectifier respectively, the interface of two series connection components and parts connects the elementary winding of transformer as the output of inverter.

4, according to claim 2 or 3 said high-frequency inverter-type chargers, it is characterized in that thyristor is a triode, or field effect transistor, or controllable silicon.

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