CN208010831U - Using external coil and the coefficient double-cylinder type magneto-rheological vibration damper of permanent magnet - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber adopting the joint action of an external coil and a permanent magnet, which comprises a main body of the magnetorheological shock absorber and lifting lugs. A set of working cylinder, liquid storage cylinder, and dustproof casing, the working cylinder is provided with a piston with a piston rod in a clearance fit and filled with magnetorheological fluid; the liquid storage cylinder is filled with magnetorheological fluid and compensation gas And the upper and lower ends are respectively fixedly provided with a liquid storage cylinder sealing mechanism and a base for sealing, and the top end of the piston rod passes through the guide seat, the liquid storage cylinder sealing mechanism in turn and extends out of the working cylinder to be fixedly connected with the upper end of the dustproof casing. An excitation device is embedded in the dustproof casing, and an end cover is arranged at the lower end of the dustproof casing. The invention reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly, saves processing time and cost, avoids the pollution of magnetorheological fluid in the maintenance process, facilitates the heat dissipation of coils, and avoids the performance degradation of magnetorheological fluid due to overheating.

Description

A dual-tube magnetorheological shock absorber with external coils and permanent magnets acting together

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and in particular relates to a double-tube type magneto-rheological shock absorber which uses external coils and permanent magnets to work together.

Background technique

Magnetorheological fluid is an intelligent material that can change its rheological properties with the change of the applied magnetic field strength. It is mainly composed of small ferromagnetic particles with high magnetic permeability and low magnetic hysteresis, non-magnetic carrier liquid and stabilizer. According to the magnetorheological effect of magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological shock absorbers have been produced. By changing the magnitude of the coil current in the shock absorber, the magnetic field strength is changed, and then the rheological characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid are changed, so that the damping coefficient of the shock absorber is changed, and a continuously adjustable damping force is obtained. Magneto-rheological shock absorbers have been widely used in automobiles, buildings, bridges and other fields due to their advantages of fast response, good controllability, and large output damping force.

In the current magneto-rheological shock absorber, the coil is mainly wound in the circumferential groove of the piston, and the coil wire is led out of the shock absorber through the deep hole processed in the piston rod. Although this solution has a compact structure, the piston structure is complex, and the machining of the long hole in the piston rod is difficult and costly, resulting in high cost of the overall shock absorber. At the same time, more heat will be generated due to friction during the movement of the piston, and the coil will also generate heat after being energized, which will easily lead to excessive heat concentration at the piston, which will cause the magneto-rheological fluid to become thinner, resulting in a decrease in the performance of the shock absorber.

Moreover, most of the current magneto-rheological shock absorbers only have a single magnetic circuit generated by the excitation coil, and the output damping force of the shock absorber is relatively small in the case of no power supply. In order to obtain a greater output damping force, it is usually achieved by increasing the length of the piston head and thus increasing the length of the effective damping gap. This method not only increases the overall volume of the damper, but also increases the manufacturing cost.

In addition, most of the bushes in the suspension lugs of shock absorbers are traditional rubber bushes. Although the rubber bushing has good reliability and durability, due to the inherent damping characteristics of its material, the damping effect on low-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations is poor.

Utility model content

In order to solve one of the above-mentioned problems, the utility model proposes a double-barreled magnetorheological shock absorber that uses external coils and permanent magnets to work together. The shock absorber installs the coil outside the working cylinder, which facilitates the installation and removal of the coil. If there is a problem with the coil, it can be replaced directly, which is convenient for maintenance. And installing the coil outside the working cylinder is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the shock absorber, prolonging the working life of the shock absorber. Since the coil does not pass through the piston rod, the manufacturing process of the piston rod is simplified and the manufacturing cost is reduced. At both ends of the coil, the shock absorber is respectively provided with a permanent magnet, so that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the magnetic field generated by the coil cooperate to increase the output damping force of the shock absorber under the condition of no power supply. The hydraulic bushing is used in the lifting lug of the shock absorber, which can effectively attenuate low-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations compared with traditional rubber bushings.

The technical scheme of the utility model is:

A double-barreled magnetorheological shock absorber that uses external coils and permanent magnets to act together, including a main body of the magnetorheological shock absorber and lifting lugs fixed on the upper and lower ends of the main body of the magnetorheological shock absorber. The main body of the magneto-rheological shock absorber includes a working cylinder, a liquid storage cylinder, and a dustproof casing that are concentrically set from the inside to the outside. The working cylinder is provided with a piston with a piston rod and filled with magnetorheological fluid. The inner holes of the upper and lower ends of the working cylinder are respectively provided with a guide seat and a bottom support seat; the liquid storage cylinder is filled with magnetorheological fluid and compensation gas, and the upper and lower ends are respectively fixed with a liquid storage cylinder sealing mechanism and a base for sealing, The bottom supporting seat is provided with a number of small holes connecting the working cylinder and the inner cavity of the base, and the base is provided with a number of small holes connecting the liquid storage cylinder and the inner cavity of the base, and the top of the piston rod passes through the inner cavity of the base in turn. The guide seat and the sealing mechanism of the liquid storage cylinder extend out of the working cylinder and are fixedly connected with the upper end of the dust-proof casing. The dust-proof casing is embedded with an excitation device, and the excitation device includes an electromagnetic device, which is symmetrically arranged above and below the electromagnetic device. Two permanent magnets at the end, the wires of the electromagnetic device are led out from the drilling holes on the dustproof casing, and the lower end of the dustproof casing is provided with an end cover.

Further, a through hole matching the piston rod is provided at the center of the guide seat along the axis, and an annular flange with a diameter matching the inner diameter of the liquid storage cylinder protrudes from the outer peripheral wall of the guide seat.

Further, a guide seat bushing is arranged in the through hole.

Further, the sealing mechanism of the liquid storage cylinder includes an integrally formed oil storage cylinder nut and an oil seal cover, an oil seal arranged in the oil seal cover, and an oil seal gasket located between the guide seat and the oil seal. The inner hole of the cylinder is connected, and a sealing ring support is provided between the lower end surface of the oil storage cylinder nut and the annular flange of the guide seat, and the sealing ring support is provided with a Seal fit O-rings.

Further, the upper end of the guide seat is provided with a circular platform, and an oil seal spring is sheathed on the circular platform, the upper end of the oil seal spring is against the oil seal washer, and the lower end is against the annular flange of the guide seat.

Further, the excitation device is horizontally aligned with the piston in the working cylinder and kept relatively stationary.

Further, the electromagnetic device includes a U-shaped magnetic conductor embedded in the dustproof casing, and a coil embedded in a groove of the magnetic conductor.

Further, the piston is evenly distributed along the circumference with several small holes communicating with the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the working cylinder.

Further, the lifting lug includes a lifting lug bush, and the lifting lug bush is a hydraulic bushing, including an outer tube, an inner tube, and a rubber main spring fixedly bonded between the outer tube and the inner tube, The concave part of the rubber main spring is sealed with the outer tube to form two symmetrical U-shaped liquid chambers, the upper and lower, and the two liquid chambers are connected by a long and narrow inertial channel. The inertial channel is a channel opened on the surface of the rubber main spring. The channel formed by the spiral groove and the outer tube seal. Hydraulic bushings are used in the lifting lugs, which can effectively attenuate low-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations compared with traditional rubber bushings.

Further, the lug bushing also includes a limit block and two ring-shaped metal skeletons, the two ring-shaped metal skeletons are bonded to the outer circle of the rubber main spring and wrapped in the outer tube at the same time; The above-mentioned limiting block is glued on the inner tube and is located in the inner recesses of the upper and lower liquid chambers.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model patent has the following beneficial effects:

1. Install the coil outside the working cylinder to facilitate the installation and removal of the coil. If there is a problem with the coil, it can be replaced directly, which is convenient for maintenance.

2. The external coil is conducive to the heat dissipation of the coil, which is not easy to cause the magnetorheological fluid to overheat, and is conducive to improving the stability of the shock absorber performance.

3. Since the coil does not pass through the piston rod, the processing difficulty of the piston rod is reduced, and the processing time and cost are saved.

4. Use permanent magnets and coils to work together to increase the output damping force of the shock absorber without power on.

5. The hydraulic bushing is used to provide large stiffness and large damping when excited by low frequency and large amplitude. When excited by high frequency and small amplitude, the damping value is reduced to a certain extent, and its performance is superior to traditional rubber bushings.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of parts of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a dustproof casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic bushing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1—hydraulic bushing; 2—hanging lug; 3—dustproof casing; 4—oil storage cylinder nut; 5—oil seal cover; 6—oil seal; 7—oil seal gasket; 8—O-ring; 9—sealing Ring support; 10—oil seal spring; 11—guiding seat bushing; 12—guiding seat; 13—piston rod; 14—working cylinder; 15—liquid storage cylinder; 16—piston; 17—permanent magnet; 18—magnetic conductor ;19—coil; 20—end cover; 21—inert gas; 22—magnetorheological fluid; 23—bottom support seat; 24—base; 101—liquid chamber; 102—limiting block; —outer tube; 105—metal frame; 106—inner tube.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the utility model patent is described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1, a double-barreled magnetorheological shock absorber that uses external coils and permanent magnets to act together includes a main body of the magnetorheological shock absorber, and Lifting lug 2, the main body of the magneto-rheological shock absorber includes three concentric cylinders: a working cylinder, a liquid storage cylinder, and a dust-proof casing 3. The working cylinder 14 is provided with a thread in a clearance fit. The piston 16 connected with the piston rod 13 is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The piston 16 is uniformly distributed along the circumference with a number of small holes communicating with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the working cylinder 14 . The inner holes of the upper and lower ends of the working cylinder 14 are respectively provided with a guide seat 12 and a bottom support seat 23; the liquid storage cylinder 15 is filled with magnetorheological fluid and compensation gas, and the upper and lower ends are respectively fixed with liquid storage for sealing. The cylinder sealing mechanism and the base 24 form a liquid storage chamber between the liquid storage cylinder 15 and the working cylinder 14 in this embodiment. The liquid storage chamber is filled with magnetorheological fluid, but not full, because the upper part is filled with compensation gas.

The bottom supporting seat 23 is provided with a number of small holes connecting the working cylinder 14 and the inner cavity of the base 24, and the base 24 is provided with a number of small holes connecting the liquid storage cylinder and the inner cavity of the base 24. The dustproof casing 3 Embedded with an excitation device, the excitation device includes an electromagnetic device, two permanent magnets 17 symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the electromagnetic device, and the electromagnetic device includes a U-shaped guide embedded in the dustproof casing 3. Magnet 18, the coil 19 that is embedded in the groove of described magnetizer 18, the wire of described electromagnetic device is drawn out by the drilling hole on the dustproof casing 3, described excitation device and the piston in described working cylinder 14 16 are horizontally aligned and kept relatively stationary, and an end cover 20 is provided at the lower end of the dustproof casing 3 . When the shock absorber works, the piston 16, the piston rod 13 and the dustproof casing 3 move up and down relative to the cylinder barrel.

The center of the guide seat 12 is provided with a through hole matching the piston rod 13 along the axis, and the outer peripheral wall of the guide seat 12 is protruded with an annular flange whose diameter matches the inner diameter of the liquid storage cylinder. A guide seat bushing 12 is arranged in the hole.

The oil storage cylinder sealing mechanism includes an integrally formed oil storage cylinder nut 4 and an oil seal cover 5, an oil seal 6 arranged in the oil seal cover 5, an oil seal gasket 7 located between the guide seat 12 and the oil seal 6, and the oil storage cylinder nut 4 It is connected with the inner hole of the liquid storage cylinder through threads, and a sealing ring support 9 is arranged between the lower end surface of the oil storage cylinder nut 4 and the annular flange of the guide seat 12, and a sealing ring support 9 is provided on the sealing ring support 9. The oil storage cylinder and the oil storage cylinder nut 4 are O-rings 8 that are sealingly matched. The upper end of the guide seat 12 is provided with a circular platform, and the oil seal spring 10 is set on the circular platform. The upper end of the oil seal spring 10 is against the oil seal washer 7, and the lower end is against the annular flange of the guide seat 12. . The oil storage cylinder nut 4 connects the top of the liquid storage cylinder 15 and the top of the working cylinder 14 together, and presses and installs the guide seat 12 between the liquid storage cylinder 15 and the working cylinder 14 . The top end of the piston rod 13 passes through the guide seat 12, the oil seal washer 7, the oil seal 6, the oil seal cover 5, and the oil storage cylinder nut 4 in turn, and extends out of the working cylinder 14 to be fixedly connected to the upper end of the dustproof housing 3.

Both the piston 16 and the magnetizer 18 are made of high-permeability materials, and the cylinder body is made of non-magnetic or low-permeability materials. The magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 17 and the coil 19 forms a closed magnetic circuit through the working piston 16, the damping channel, the working cylinder 14, the liquid storage cylinder 15, and the magnetizer 18, and the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid at the damping channel, and the coil The magnitude of the current in 19 is controlled in real time by the control system.

There are two damping passages in the shock absorber: the narrow gap between the inner diameter of the working cylinder 14 and the outer diameter of the working piston 16 constitutes the first damping passage, and the piston 16 is evenly distributed with small holes in the circumferential direction. constitutes the second damping channel. When the magneto-rheological shock absorber is working, the piston 16 and the dustproof casing 3 move up and down relative to the cylinder body under the action of external force, and the magnetorheological fluid in the working cylinder 14 passes through the damping channel to generate a damping force .

The working process of the shock absorber is as follows:

Compression stroke: the piston rod 13 pushes the piston 16 downward, the volume of the lower chamber of the working cylinder 14 decreases, the oil pressure increases, and the magnetorheological fluid flows into the upper chamber of the working cylinder 14 through the damping channel on the piston 16 . Because the upper cavity of the working cylinder 14 is occupied by the piston rod 13, the increased volume of the upper cavity is smaller than the decreased volume of the lower cavity. Therefore, a part of the magnetorheological fluid flows into the liquid storage cylinder 15 from the working cylinder 14 through the through hole on the bottom support seat 23, thereby increasing the pressure in the liquid storage cylinder 15, and the compensation gas on the upper part of the liquid storage cylinder 15 is compressed to store energy. .

Stretching stroke: the piston rod 13 pulls the piston 16 upward, the volume of the upper cavity of the working cylinder 14 decreases, the oil pressure increases, and the magnetorheological fluid flows into the lower cavity of the working cylinder 14 through the damping channel on the piston. Similarly, due to the existence of the piston rod 13, the magnetorheological fluid flowing from the upper chamber is not enough to fill the increased volume of the lower chamber, and a certain degree of vacuum is generated in the lower chamber. Therefore, a part of the magnetorheological fluid flows into the working cylinder 14 from the liquid storage cylinder 15 through the through hole on the bottom support seat 23, thereby reducing the pressure in the liquid storage cylinder 15, and the compensation gas on the upper part of the liquid storage cylinder expands to release energy.

In the above working process, the strength of the magnetic field at the damping channel is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current in the coil 19, thereby changing the rheological characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid in the damping channel, and then changing the damping force of the shock absorber to achieve controllable damping force Effect.

As shown in Figure 5, the lifting lug 2 includes a lifting lug bushing 1, and the lifting lug bushing 1 adopts a hydraulic bushing, including an outer tube 104, an inner tube 106, fixedly bonded to the outer tube 104 and The rubber main spring 103 between the inner tube 106, the limit block 102 and the two ring-shaped metal skeletons 105, the concave part of the rubber main spring 103 and the outer tube 104 are sealed to form two symmetrical U-shaped liquids on the upper and lower sides. The chamber 101 and the two liquid chambers 101 are connected by a long and narrow inertial passage, which is a passage formed by a spiral groove opened on the surface of the rubber main spring 103 and sealed by the outer tube 104 . Two ring-shaped metal skeletons 105 and the outer circle of the rubber main spring 103 are bonded together and wrapped in the outer tube 104 at the same time. The metal skeleton 105 is mainly used to maintain the shape of the inertia channel, and at the same time improve the sealing performance and durability of the hydraulic bushing. There is a certain contribution to the stability and adjustment stiffness. The limit block 102 is bonded to the inner tube 106 and is located in the inner recesses of the upper and lower liquid chambers 101 to prevent the relative displacement of the inner tube 106 and the outer tube 104 from being too large.

The two liquid chambers 101 in the lug bushing 1 are symmetrically arranged and have the same volume rigidity, and the liquid chambers 101 are filled with a mixed liquid of water and ethylene glycol. When there is a radial relative displacement between the inner tube 106 and the outer tube 104 of the lug bushing 1, one of the liquid chambers becomes smaller due to compression, and the other liquid chamber becomes larger due to stretching. The aqueous glycol solution then flows back and forth between the two liquid chambers through the inertial channel. When the liquid passes through the inertial channel, there will be energy loss, so the lug bush will exhibit greater damping at low frequencies, even 10 times higher than the damping lag angle of ordinary rubber bushings in a specific frequency range. In the high frequency band, the damping of the hydraulic bushing will decrease.

The utility model changes the original internal coil into an external coil, simplifies the internal structure of the magneto-rheological shock absorber, reduces the difficulty of processing and assembly, and saves processing time and cost. Moreover, the maintenance of the coil is more convenient, and the pollution of the magnetorheological fluid in the maintenance process is avoided. The external coil is conducive to the heat dissipation of the coil, which avoids the performance degradation of the magneto-rheological fluid due to overheating, enhances the stability of the performance of the magnetorheological shock absorber during operation, and prolongs the service life of the magnetorheological shock absorber. The hydraulic bushing is used to provide large stiffness and large damping when excited by low frequency and large amplitude. When excited by high frequency and small amplitude, the damping value is reduced to a certain extent, and its performance is better than that of traditional rubber bushings.

The above descriptions are only preferred implementations of the present utility model, rather than limitations. Obviously, those skilled in the art can easily make various improvements and modifications to the embodiments without departing from the technical principle of the utility model, so these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber that adopts the joint action of an external coil and a permanent magnet, is characterized in that it comprises a magnetorheological shock absorber main body, and is fixed on the upper and lower ends of the magnetorheological shock absorber main body. Lifting lug (2), the main body of the magneto-rheological shock absorber includes a working cylinder, a liquid storage cylinder, and a dust-proof casing (3) that are concentrically set from the inside to the outside in sequence, and the working cylinder (14) is arranged with a clearance fit There is a piston (16) with a piston rod (13) and it is filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the upper and lower end inner holes of the working cylinder (14) are respectively provided with a guide seat (12) and a bottom support seat (23); The liquid cylinder (15) is filled with magnetorheological fluid and compensation gas, and the upper and lower ends are respectively fixed with a liquid storage cylinder sealing mechanism and a base (24) for sealing. cylinder (14) and base (24) cavity, the base (24) is provided with a number of small holes connecting the liquid storage cylinder and the base (24) cavity, the top of the piston rod (13) in turn Pass through the guide seat (12), the sealing mechanism of the liquid storage cylinder and extend out of the working cylinder (14) to be fixedly connected with the upper end of the dustproof casing. The dustproof casing (3) is embedded with an excitation device, and the excitation The device comprises an electromagnetic device, two permanent magnets (17) symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower ends of the electromagnetic device, the wires of the electromagnetic device are drawn out from the drilled holes on the dust-proof casing (3), and the wires of the dust-proof casing (3) The lower end is provided with an end cover (20). 2. The double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 1, characterized in that: the center of the guide seat (12) is arranged along the axis with the piston rod (13) Matching through holes, the outer peripheral wall of the guide seat (12) protrudes and is provided with an annular flange whose diameter matches the inner diameter of the liquid storage cylinder. 3. The double-tube magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets acting together according to claim 2, characterized in that: a guide seat bushing (11) is arranged in the through hole. 4. The double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 2, characterized in that: the liquid storage cylinder sealing mechanism includes an integrally formed oil storage cylinder nut (4) And the oil seal cover (5), the oil seal (6) located in the oil seal cover (5), the oil seal gasket (7) between the guide seat (12) and the oil seal (6), the oil storage cylinder nut (4) passes through The thread is connected with the inner hole of the liquid storage cylinder, and a seal ring support (9) is arranged between the lower end surface of the oil storage cylinder nut (4) and the annular flange of the guide seat (12), and the seal ring support (9) is provided with an O-shaped sealing ring (8) that is in sealing cooperation with the liquid storage cylinder and the oil storage cylinder nut (4). 5. The double-tube magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets acting together according to claim 4, characterized in that: the upper end of the guide seat (12) is provided with a circular truncated portion, and the circular truncated portion An oil seal spring (10) is sheathed on the upper part, the upper end of the oil seal spring (10) is against the oil seal washer (7), and the lower end is against the annular flange of the guide seat (12). 6. The double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber adopting external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 2, characterized in that: the excitation device and the piston in the working cylinder (14) ( 16) Align horizontally and keep relatively still. 7. The dual-tube magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 2, characterized in that: the electromagnetic device includes a The inner U-shaped magnetizer (18), the coil (19) embedded in the groove of the magnetizer (18). 8. The double-barreled magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 1, characterized in that: said piston (16) is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with a number of connecting said working The rod chamber of cylinder (14) and the aperture of rodless chamber. 9. The double-tube magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to work together according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting lug (2) includes a lifting lug bushing, and the lifting lug (2) The ear bushing adopts a hydraulic bushing, including an outer tube (104), an inner tube (106), and a rubber main spring (103) fixedly bonded between the outer tube (104) and the inner tube (106). The concave part of the main rubber spring (103) is sealed with the outer tube (104) to form upper and lower two symmetrical U-shaped liquid chambers (101), and the two liquid chambers (101) are connected by a long and narrow inertial passage. The inertia passage is a passage formed by sealing a helical groove on the surface of the rubber main spring (103) and an outer tube (104). 10. The double-tube magneto-rheological shock absorber using external coils and permanent magnets to act together according to claim 9, characterized in that: the lug bushing also includes a limit block (102) and two Ring-shaped metal skeleton (105), the two ring-shaped metal skeletons (105) are glued together with the outer circle of the rubber main spring (103), and are wrapped in the outer tube (104) at the same time; The block (102) is glued on the inner tube (106) and is located in the inner recesses of the upper and lower liquid chambers (101).