CN206397660U - The horizontal-shaft wind turbine of blade length and variable-angle - Google Patents
The horizontal-shaft wind turbine of blade length and variable-angle Download PDFInfo
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- CN206397660U CN206397660U CN201720065830.1U CN201720065830U CN206397660U CN 206397660 U CN206397660 U CN 206397660U CN 201720065830 U CN201720065830 U CN 201720065830U CN 206397660 U CN206397660 U CN 206397660U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本实用新型提供一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机，包括固定于基础底座上的塔架；塔架上旋转连接有轮毂，轮毂为空心球体结构，其内部设有多个电动机，电动机输出轴固定连接有小齿轮，小齿轮与环形齿轮的内齿轮面啮合，环形齿轮设于定位轴承内，定位轴承内圈外端部固定连接桨叶；桨叶包括多个小桨叶，每个小桨叶之间通过菱形伸缩机构连接；轮毂通过主轴与发电机的输入轴连接；本实用新型可改变桨叶长度和角度，能够最大化地捕捉风能，保证水平轴风力机平稳地输出功率，有效防止强风对风力机的破坏。
The utility model provides a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle, which includes a tower frame fixed on the foundation base; a wheel hub is rotatably connected to the tower frame, and the wheel hub is a hollow spherical structure, and a plurality of motors are arranged inside , the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a pinion gear, the pinion gear meshes with the inner gear surface of the ring gear, the ring gear is set in the positioning bearing, and the outer end of the inner ring of the positioning bearing is fixedly connected to the paddle; the paddle includes a plurality of small paddles, Each small blade is connected by a diamond-shaped telescopic mechanism; the hub is connected with the input shaft of the generator through the main shaft; the utility model can change the length and angle of the blade, can maximize the capture of wind energy, and ensures the smooth output of the horizontal axis wind turbine power, effectively preventing damage to wind turbines caused by strong winds.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及风力发电技术领域，具体地指一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机。The utility model relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle.
背景技术Background technique
风能是一种能量密度低、稳定性较差的能源。由于风速、风向随机变化，叶片攻角也会不断变化，导致风电机组的效率和功率的波动，并使传动力矩产生振荡，影响电能质量和电网稳定性。遇到强风时可能会烧毁发电机，甚至摧毁风力机。所以风力机要有应付风速大幅度变化的能力，还要有对付强风速的安全防范措施。Wind energy is an energy source with low energy density and poor stability. Due to random changes in wind speed and direction, the angle of attack of the blades will also change continuously, resulting in fluctuations in the efficiency and power of wind turbines, and oscillations in the transmission torque, affecting power quality and grid stability. When encountering strong winds, it may burn out the generator or even destroy the wind turbine. Therefore, wind turbines must have the ability to cope with large changes in wind speed, and they must also have safety precautions against strong wind speeds.
研究表明变桨距技术是当前大中型风力机广泛使用的调速技术，可使风力机在风速超过额定风速时，风力机转速稳定在额定转速。但这种技术也存在着一些不足。例如迎风变桨在强风时，气流攻角减小，变桨角度相对较大；而顺风变桨时，气流攻角增大，使气流产生分离，升力减小，阻力急剧增大，从而导致风力机功率减小。Studies have shown that the variable pitch technology is a speed regulation technology widely used in large and medium-sized wind turbines, which can stabilize the speed of the wind turbine at the rated speed when the wind speed exceeds the rated wind speed. But this technology also has some shortcomings. For example, when the windward pitch changes in strong winds, the airflow angle of attack decreases and the pitch angle is relatively large; while when the windward pitch changes, the airflow angle of attack increases, causing the airflow to separate, the lift force decreases, and the resistance increases sharply, resulting in wind force Machine power is reduced.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于克服上述不足，提供一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机，以改变桨叶长度和角度，能够最大化地捕捉风能，保证水平轴风力机平稳地输出功率，有效防止强风对风力机的破坏。The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, and provide a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle, so as to change the blade length and angle, which can maximize the capture of wind energy and ensure the stable output power of the horizontal axis wind turbine. , Effectively prevent strong wind from damaging the wind turbine.
本实用新型为解决上述技术问题，所采用的技术方案是：一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机，包括固定于基础底座上的塔架；In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solution: a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle, including a tower fixed on the foundation base;
所述塔架上旋转连接有轮毂，所述轮毂为空心球体结构，其内部设有多个电动机，所述电动机输出轴固定连接有小齿轮，所述小齿轮与环形齿轮的内齿轮面啮合，所述环形齿轮设于定位轴承内，所述定位轴承内圈外端部固定连接桨叶；A wheel hub is rotatably connected to the tower, and the wheel hub is a hollow spherical structure with multiple motors inside. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a pinion gear, and the pinion gear meshes with the inner gear surface of the ring gear. The ring gear is arranged in a locating bearing, and the outer end of the inner ring of the locating bearing is fixedly connected to the paddle;
所述桨叶包括多个小桨叶，每个小桨叶之间通过菱形伸缩机构连接；所述轮毂通过主轴与发电机的输入轴连接。The paddles include a plurality of small paddles, and each small paddle is connected by a diamond-shaped telescopic mechanism; the hub is connected with the input shaft of the generator through the main shaft.
优选地，所述电动机、桨叶的数量均为三个。Preferably, there are three motors and three blades.
优选地，所述定位轴承内圈外端部通过螺栓连接桨叶，所述桨叶与定位轴承所在的平面垂直。Preferably, the outer end of the inner ring of the locating bearing is connected to the paddle by bolts, and the paddle is perpendicular to the plane where the locating bearing is located.
优选地，所述菱形伸缩机构包括多组菱形单元结构，每组菱形单元结构包括四根铰接连接的连杆，相邻的两组菱形单元结构之间还设有电动伸缩杆。Preferably, the rhombic telescopic mechanism includes multiple groups of rhombic unit structures, each group of rhombic unit structures includes four articulated connecting rods, and electric telescopic rods are provided between adjacent groups of rhombic unit structures.
优选地，所述桨叶采用玻璃钢叶片材料制作而成。Preferably, the paddle is made of fiberglass blade material.
本实用新型的有益效果：本实用新型通过电动机带动小齿轮旋转，使得环形齿轮也随之转动，进而带动定位轴承的内圈旋转，从而使得桨叶安装角可以根据风速的随机变化而改变，气流的攻角在风速变化时可保持在一个比较合理的范围内，从而在很大的风速范围内保持较好的空气动力学特性，获得较高的效率，特别当风速在大于额定风速条件下，仍可保持输出功率的平稳；Beneficial effects of the utility model: the utility model drives the pinion gear to rotate through the motor, so that the ring gear also rotates accordingly, and then drives the inner ring of the positioning bearing to rotate, so that the installation angle of the blade can be changed according to the random change of the wind speed, and the airflow The angle of attack can be kept within a reasonable range when the wind speed changes, so as to maintain good aerodynamic characteristics in a large wind speed range and obtain high efficiency, especially when the wind speed is greater than the rated wind speed. The output power can still be kept stable;
另外本实用新型通过菱形伸缩机构调节桨叶长度，使发电机组的输出功率在额定值附近，同时减小叶片承受的载荷和风力机所受到的冲击，避免风力机受到损坏。In addition, the utility model adjusts the length of the blades through the diamond-shaped telescopic mechanism, so that the output power of the generator set is near the rated value, and at the same time, the load on the blades and the impact on the wind turbine are reduced to avoid damage to the wind turbine.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1 为一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle;
图2为轮毂与发电机的连接结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hub and the generator;
图3为小齿轮与环形齿轮的连接结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the pinion and the ring gear;
图4为菱形伸缩机构的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rhombus telescoping mechanism;
图中，基础底座1、塔架2、轮毂3、电动机4、小齿轮5、环形齿轮6、定位轴承7、桨叶8、小桨叶8.1、菱形伸缩机构8.2、菱形单元结构8.2.1、连杆8.2.2、电动伸缩杆8.2.3、主轴9、发电机10。In the figure, foundation base 1, tower frame 2, wheel hub 3, motor 4, pinion gear 5, ring gear 6, positioning bearing 7, paddle 8, small paddle 8.1, rhombus telescopic mechanism 8.2, rhombus unit structure 8.2.1, Connecting rod 8.2.2, electric telescopic rod 8.2.3, main shaft 9, generator 10.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本实用新型作进一步的详细描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.
如图1至图4所示，一种桨叶长度和角度可变的水平轴风力机，包括固定于基础底座1上的塔架2；As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a horizontal axis wind turbine with variable blade length and angle includes a tower 2 fixed on a foundation base 1;
所述塔架2上旋转连接有轮毂3，所述轮毂3为空心球体结构，其内部设有多个电动机4，所述电动机4输出轴固定连接有小齿轮5，所述小齿轮5与环形齿轮6的内齿轮面啮合，所述环形齿轮6设于定位轴承7内，所述定位轴承7内圈外端部固定连接桨叶8；A wheel hub 3 is rotatably connected to the tower 2, and the wheel hub 3 is a hollow spherical structure, and a plurality of motors 4 are arranged inside, and the output shaft of the motor 4 is fixedly connected with a pinion 5, and the pinion 5 is connected to the ring The inner gear surface of the gear 6 meshes, the ring gear 6 is arranged in the positioning bearing 7, and the outer end of the inner ring of the positioning bearing 7 is fixedly connected to the paddle 8;
所述桨叶8包括多个小桨叶8.1，每个小桨叶8.1之间通过菱形伸缩机构8.2连接；所述轮毂3通过主轴9与发电机10的输入轴连接。The paddle 8 includes a plurality of small paddles 8.1, and each small paddle 8.1 is connected by a diamond-shaped telescopic mechanism 8.2; the hub 3 is connected to the input shaft of the generator 10 through the main shaft 9.
优选地，所述电动机4、桨叶8的数量均为三个。在本实施例中，每个桨叶8包括三个小桨叶8.1。Preferably, the number of the motor 4 and the paddle 8 is three. In this embodiment, each paddle 8 comprises three small paddles 8.1.
优选地，所述定位轴承7内圈外端部通过螺栓连接桨叶8，所述桨叶8与定位轴承7所在的平面垂直。Preferably, the outer end of the inner ring of the locating bearing 7 is connected to the paddle 8 by bolts, and the paddle 8 is perpendicular to the plane where the locating bearing 7 is located.
优选地，所述菱形伸缩机构8.2包括多组菱形单元结构8.2.1，每组菱形单元结构8.2.1包括四根铰接连接的连杆8.2.2，相邻的两组菱形单元结构8.2.1之间还设有电动伸缩杆8.2.3。通过电动伸缩杆8.2.3的伸缩，可以带动菱形单元结构8.2.1发生伸缩，从而使得菱形伸缩机构8.2的长度发生改变，进而调控桨叶8的长度。在本实施例中采用电动伸缩杆8.2.3可以之间利用发电机10产生的电量，不需要额外耗费电量。Preferably, the rhombic telescopic mechanism 8.2 includes multiple groups of rhombic unit structures 8.2.1, each group of rhombic unit structures 8.2.1 includes four hinged connecting rods 8.2.2, and two adjacent groups of rhombic unit structures 8.2.1 Also be provided with electric telescoping rod 8.2.3 between. The expansion and contraction of the electric telescopic rod 8.2.3 can drive the expansion and contraction of the diamond-shaped unit structure 8.2.1, thereby changing the length of the diamond-shaped expansion mechanism 8.2, thereby regulating the length of the paddle 8. In this embodiment, the electric telescopic rod 8.2.3 can be used to utilize the electric power generated by the generator 10 without additional power consumption.
优选地，所述桨叶8采用玻璃钢叶片材料制作而成。这种材料具有重量轻、强度高、可设计性强、价格便宜等特点。Preferably, the paddle 8 is made of fiberglass blade material. This material has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, strong designability and low price.
本实施例工作原理如下：The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:
当风速较低时，电动机13接受控制系统信号后开始动作，带动小齿轮5旋转，使得环形齿轮6也随之转动，进而带动定位轴承7的内圈旋转，从而带动桨叶8旋转，使桨叶8的攻角保持在最大位置；与此同时，菱形伸缩机构8.2接受机舱计算机控制系统发出的信号后，电动伸缩杆8.2.3伸长，桨叶8完全伸展，以最大化地捕捉风能。When the wind speed is low, the motor 13 starts to act after receiving the signal from the control system, and drives the pinion gear 5 to rotate, so that the ring gear 6 also rotates accordingly, and then drives the inner ring of the positioning bearing 7 to rotate, thereby driving the blade 8 to rotate, so that the paddle The angle of attack of the blade 8 remains at the maximum position; meanwhile, after the rhombic telescopic mechanism 8.2 receives the signal sent by the computer control system of the engine room, the electric telescopic rod 8.2.
随着风速增大，输出电力会逐步增至风力机的额定功率，一旦风速超过这一峰值，电动机13接受控制系统信号后动作，使桨叶8的攻角保持在合适位置；菱形伸缩机构8.2的电动伸缩杆8.2.3收缩，桨叶8的小桨叶8.1就会回缩以限制输电量，此时桨叶8的攻角和长度能够使桨叶8保持较好的空气动力学特性，获得较高的效率，保持输出功率的平稳。如果风速继续增大，桨叶8长度将会继续缩小至最短，减小桨叶8承受的载荷和风力机所受到的冲击，避免风力机受到损坏。As the wind speed increases, the output power will gradually increase to the rated power of the wind turbine. Once the wind speed exceeds this peak value, the motor 13 will act after receiving the signal from the control system to keep the angle of attack of the blade 8 at a suitable position; the diamond-shaped telescopic mechanism 8.2 The electric telescopic rod 8.2.3 shrinks, and the small blade 8.1 of the blade 8 will retract to limit the power transmission. At this time, the angle of attack and the length of the blade 8 can make the blade 8 maintain better aerodynamic characteristics. Obtain higher efficiency and keep the output power stable. If the wind speed continues to increase, the length of the blade 8 will continue to shrink to the shortest, reducing the load on the blade 8 and the impact on the wind turbine, and avoiding damage to the wind turbine.
上述的实施例仅为本实用新型的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本实用新型的限制，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下，可以相互任意组合。本实用新型的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present utility model, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present utility model. The embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other if there is no conflict. The scope of protection of the utility model shall be the technical solution described in the claims, including the equivalent replacements of the technical features in the technical solution described in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement and improvement within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110242500A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-17 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Wind energy conversion system vane change device |
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| CN110242500A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-17 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Wind energy conversion system vane change device |
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