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CN206149035U - Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof - Google Patents

Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN206149035U
CN206149035U CN201621095094.6U CN201621095094U CN206149035U CN 206149035 U CN206149035 U CN 206149035U CN 201621095094 U CN201621095094 U CN 201621095094U CN 206149035 U CN206149035 U CN 206149035U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
switched reluctance
stator
rotor
reluctance machines
tooth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201621095094.6U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
漆亚梅
童恩东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Dafu New Energy Co ltd
Original Assignee
SHENZHEN PEITIAN MOTOR TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165Shape, form or location of the slots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28Layout of windings or of connections between windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/26Rotor cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/265Shape, form or location of the slots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/46Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/50Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/08Reluctance motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/16Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring
    • H02P25/18Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the circuit arrangement or by the kind of wiring with arrangements for switching the windings, e.g. with mechanical switches or relays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a ratio of width is 1~1.25 that motor technical field discloses an electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof, and this switched reluctance motor includes the casing and locates external rotor and the internal stator in the casing, and the internal stator includes a plurality of stator tooths that set up around the circumference interval and is located the stator slot between the stator tooth, the wherein groove bottom width and the stator tooth of stator slot is related to. This switched reluctance motor's torque is big, low -speed performance good, the efficiency platform is wide, power density is high, the noise is low, environmental suitability is good, the reliability is high, long service life, production simple process, with low costs. Can extensively be arranged in the electric motor car.

Description

Electric motor car, wheel and its switched reluctance machines
Technical field
This utility model is related to the technical field of motor, is related to a kind of electric motor car, wheel and its switched reluctance machines.
Background technology
Inventor is in practice, it has been found that at present the hub driven motor of high power electric vehicle typically adopts permagnetic synchronous motor And motor in axial magnetic field, typically seldom adopt switched reluctance machines.
The performance of these three motors is analyzed below:
1st, motor in axial magnetic field complex structure, production cost is high, and actual application value is not high.
2nd, switched reluctance machines of the prior art are typically made into inner rotor motor form, and outer rotor hub motor has no It is used.Low-speed stability, noise, power density as the switched reluctance machines of internal rotor application is still not so good as permanent magnet synchronous electric Machine.
3rd, it is scarce that permagnetic synchronous motor has easily demagnetization, low cruise efficiency is low, the life-span is shorter, maintainability is poor etc. Point.
Utility model content
In order to the power density for solving prior art breaker in middle reluctance motor is low, noise is high and complex manufacturing etc. is asked Topic, this utility model provides a kind of new switched reluctance machines structure, and the electric motor car using the switched reluctance machines and Wheel.
To solve the above problems, this utility model embodiment provides a kind of switching magnetic-resistance electricity of the default minor structure of outer rotor Machine, the switched reluctance machines include housing and outer rotor and inner stator in housing, and the inner stator is included around circumference Spaced multiple stator tooths and the stator slot between the stator tooth, wherein the slot bottom width of the stator slot and institute The ratio for stating the width of stator tooth is 1~1.25.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the groove depth of the stator slot is the 2~4 of the width of the stator tooth Times.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the outer rotor include around circumferentially spaced multiple rotor tooths with And the rotor slot between the rotor tooth, wherein the width of rebate of the rotor slot is with the ratio of the width of the rotor tooth 1~0.75.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the width of air gap is 0.25 between the outer rotor and the inner stator ~0.5mm.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the depth of the rotor slot be the outer rotor and the inner stator it Between 20~30 times of width of air gap.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the outer rotor is 16 pole external-rotors with 16 rotor tooths, institute It is the 24 groove inner stators with 24 stator slots to state inner stator.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the exhausted magnetic packing material of insulation is provided between the rotor tooth.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of wheel of offer is originally returned, the wheel is driven using switched reluctance machines, institute State structure of the switched reluctance machines using switched reluctance machines any one of above-described embodiment.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, this further provides for a kind of electric motor car, and the electric motor car is pure electronic or mixing Power car, the electric motor car includes the switched reluctance machines any one of above-described embodiment.
According to the preferred embodiment of this utility model one, the wheel of the electric motor car is driven using hub-type switched reluctance machines It is dynamic.
Compared with prior art, the switched reluctance machines torque is big, low-speed performance is good, efficiency platform width, power density high, Noise is low, good environmental adaptability, reliability height, long service life, simple production process, low cost.Can be widely used for electric motor car In.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that this utility model embodiment or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment Needed for the accompanying drawing to be used be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only of the present utility model Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with according to this A little accompanying drawings obtain other accompanying drawings.
The structure composition block diagram of Fig. 1 Switched Reluctance Motors;
Fig. 2 is the switched reluctance machines of outer-rotor structure and its three-phase windings schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of Fig. 2 breaker in middle reluctance motors;
Fig. 4 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of stator winding;
Fig. 5 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of single winding in prior art method of accessing;
Fig. 6 is stator and rotor relative position and phase winding inductance curve figure;
Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing first preferred embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the enlarged drawing of the preferred embodiment of rotor toothing second;
Fig. 9 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing third preferred embodiment;
Figure 10 is the enlarged drawing of the preferred embodiment of rotor toothing the 4th;
Figure 11 is the curve chart that inductance changes with corner in prior art;
Figure 12 is the curve chart that the inductance of this utility model switched reluctance machines crown structure changes with corner;
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the notch that implant is covered on rotor slot;
Figure 14 is the structural representation that implant is filled in rotor slot;
Figure 15 is the composition frame chart of switched Reluctance Motor Control System;
Figure 16 is the electrical block diagram of working condition selecting module;
Figure 17 is the switched reluctance machines of inner rotor core and its three-phase windings schematic diagram;
Figure 18 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of Figure 17 breaker in middle reluctance motors;And
Figure 19 is a kind of schematic diagram of preferred inner rotor core.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, this utility model is described in further detail.It is emphasized that following Embodiment is merely to illustrate this utility model, but scope of the present utility model is not defined.Likewise, following examples are only The not all embodiments for section Example of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work Under the premise of all other embodiment for being obtained, belong to the scope of this utility model protection.
Term " first " in specification and claims of the present utility model and above-mentioned accompanying drawing, " second ", " the 3rd " (if present)s such as " the 4 " is the object for distinguishing similar, without being used to describe specific order or precedence.Should The data that the understanding is so used can be exchanged in the appropriate case, so as to embodiment of the present utility model described herein for example Can be implemented with the order in addition to those for illustrating here or describing.Additionally, term " comprising " and " having " and he Any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive includes, for example, contain the process of series of steps or unit, method, System, product or equipment are not necessarily limited to those steps clearly listed or unit, but may include what is clearly do not listed Or other steps intrinsic for these processes, method, product or equipment or unit.
A kind of composition frame chart of governing system of switched reluctance machines is as shown in figure 1, the governing system generally comprises switch Reluctance motor 100, power inverter 200, controller 300 and position sensor 400.With regard to each component units of governing system it Between control process, in the range of the understanding of those skilled in the art, no longer describe in detail herein.
This utility model embodiment provides a kind of switched reluctance machines, and the switched reluctance machines are threephase switch magnetic resistance electricity Machine, including housing and field spider and salient pole stator in housing, are wound with ABC three-phase windings on the tooth of stator.
Preferably, each phase in ABC three-phase windings includes at least three exits, draws including two ends End, positioned at winding two ends, also including at least one middle part exit, the middle part exit is located at a certain position in the middle of winding, So, when a certain exit in middle part and one of end exit are accessed into circuit, then each phase winding only has part logical Electricity work, and when two end exits are accessed into circuit, then each phase winding whole energization work, so as to realize to the shape that works The regulation of state.
For example, each phase in ABC three-phase windings is the three-phase windings with midpoint, middle part exit i.e. with winding Midpoint is connected, then winding can all access circuit and be operated, corresponding to the normal operating conditions of motor, it is also possible to it Half accesses circuit and is operated, corresponding to motor assist working condition.ABC three-phase windings can be arranged to include multiple middle parts Exit, the working condition of such motor can then have various gears to adjust.
Preferably, the present embodiment breaker in middle reluctance motor can be the default sub-motor of outer rotor, wherein, as shown in Fig. 2 fixed Attached bag is included around circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and the stator slot between stator tooth;Rotor is included around circumferentially disposed Multiple rotor tooths and the rotor slot between rotor tooth.The rotor 410 can be 24 grooves for the outer rotor of 16 poles, stator 420 Inner stator.
As shown in Fig. 2 the default sub-motor of the groove of 16 pole external-rotor 24 can adopt ABCABC ... order coiling, totally 24 around Set of pieces, three-phase windings respectively have the elements of winding of 8 series connection, and the element of winding using many insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with edge more Copper cash is split into two halves, it is such 8 series connection the elements of winding, again formed and around two parts, have two line head ends and two lines Tail end, using one pair of which line head end and line tail end as the end exit for the phase winding, then by another to line head end and line Tail end and after connecing, as the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings be the three-phase with midpoint exit around Group.Certainly, in other embodiments, each item in three-phase windings is also provided with multiple middle part exits, and extraction location It is also not necessarily limited at the midpoint of winding, in the range of the understanding of those skilled in the art, here is omitted.
Fig. 3 is referred to, Fig. 3 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of Fig. 2 breaker in middle reluctance motors.Preferably, it is fixed in the present embodiment The ratio of the slot bottom width L10 of the son and width L8 of stator tooth is 1~1.25, and groove depth D1 is 2~4 times of facewidth L8.This design can High with the stock utilization for ensureing motor, vibrations and noise are little.This is, because switched reluctance machines do not use permanent magnet, only to make With iron core and copper cash, when its copper consumption is suitable with iron, the stock utilization highest of motor.And switched reluctance machines are determined When the width ratio of slot bottom width and the stator tooth of son is 1, it is believed that its copper consumption is suitable with iron, slot bottom width and stator The width ratio of tooth is more than 1, then can put more copper cash.But if slot bottom width is excessive with the width ratio of stator tooth, when groove depth is When 2~4 times of the facewidth, it is meant that the width of stator tooth is too narrow, after winding is powered on tooth, stator and rotor are in strong magnetic pull Under effect, vibrations and noise are easily produced.The span of the width ratio of the groove depth, tooth and groove of this utility model stator, effectively Guarantee that the stock utilization of motor is high, namely improve the power density of motor, and inhibit vibrations and noise.
Preferably, the width of rebate L7 of the outer rotor and width L6 of rotor tooth meets:L7/L6 is 1~0.75, and groove depth D2 is 20~30 times of air gap delta between rotor 410 and stator 420.This structure design of rotor and the slot bottom width L10 of stator with it is fixed The ratio of the width L8 of sub- tooth is 1~1.25, and groove depth D1 is that the design of 2~4 times of facewidth L8 is engaged, and causes this utility model to be opened Close the bigger than Conventional switched reluctance motor with the ratio Lmax/Lmin values of maximum induction Lmax and minimum inductance Lmin of reluctance motor Much, inductance ratio of the present utility model may be up to 6~8, and Conventional switched reluctance motor can only achieve 2.5~4.5 or so.Due to The output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor is just big, Namely significantly improved the power density of motor.Wherein, the width of air gap delta in the present embodiment between rotor and stator can be with It is designed as δ=(0.25~0.5) mm.
Further, in order to improve the power density of motor, the winding in the present embodiment on the adjacent stators tooth of stator is produced Raw magnetic direction is compared to traditional winding and leads to conversely, refer to Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of stator winding Method for electrically, the magnetic direction of the winding on adjacent stators tooth is identical, makes each winding independently form a small magnetic field, refers to figure 5, Fig. 5 is the Distribution of Magnetic Field figure of single winding in prior art method of accessing;The electricity of the winding of adjacent stators tooth in the present embodiment Stream is in opposite direction, so that the magnetic direction that adjacent winding is produced is contrary;This kind of method of accessing can be made between adjacent stators winding Magnetic field is collectively forming, this kind of structure can improve magnetic density, makes reluctance torque become big, and then improve the power density of motor. The step mode of this kind of winding is not only applicable to the electric machine structure of the groove of 16 pole 24 in the present embodiment, is equally applicable to rotor for (8 × n) pole rotor, stator for (12 × n) groove stator (wherein, n is the positive integer more than or equal to 2) electric machine structure.
Curve that the inductance of conventional motors changes with corner as shown in fig. 6, there is the constant minizone of inductance, the intervalTorque is not produced.In order to reduce the interval, the utilization rate of motor is improved, each of this utility model rotor turns The both sides of sub- tooth are designed as unsymmetric structure, and for example the angle design of the two of rotor tooth crown is different angles etc..It is then electric The curve that the inductance of machine changes with cornerInterval diminish, or even disappear.And in two crowns of rotor tooth at least One can be designed as obtuse angle.
It is further preferred that see also Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of rotor toothing first preferred embodiment, this reality The crown 4101 applied in two crowns of the rotor tooth in example is designed to obtuse angle, another crown 4102 be designed as acute angle or Person right angle.Wherein, depth D3 at rotor crown obtuse angle can be 1~2 times of air gap delta, and the width D 4 at rotor crown obtuse angle can be with For the 1/10~1/5 of the width L6 of rotor tooth, if the direction that motor presses obtuse angle is sequentially powered to three-phase windings, can be significantly Reduce the noise of motor.
In addition, in other embodiments, two crowns of rotor tooth can also be designed as obtuse angle, be designed as acute angle or The version that person's acute angle is arranged in pairs or groups with right angle, as long as the both sides for ensureing rotor tooth are unsymmetric structure.Further referring to Fig. 8-Figure 10, Fig. 8 are the enlarged drawings of the preferred embodiment of rotor toothing second, and Fig. 9 is rotor toothing third preferred embodiment Enlarged drawing, and Figure 10 is the enlarged drawing of the preferred embodiment of rotor toothing the 4th;Wherein, rotor tooth in Fig. 8 embodiments Both sides crown one is arc structure 4101, and another is top rake structure 4102, and top rake position forms two obtuse angles;Fig. 9 is implemented The both sides crown of rotor tooth one is acute angle or right-angle structure 4101 in example, and another is prominent horn structure 4102, and The both sides crown of rotor tooth one is acute angle or right-angle structure 4101 in Figure 10 embodiments, is provided with one near another crown recessed The structure 4102 of groove.Below the structure of several rotor tooths is only listed, the purport of this utility model protection is the two of rotor tooth Side is unsymmetric structure.Certainly, in other embodiments, there can also be the rotor toothing of various changes, herein no longer one by one Enumerate.
Refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12, Figure 11 are inductance changes with corner in prior art curve charts, Figure 12 is this practicality The curve chart that the inductance of novel switched reluctance motor crown structure changes with corner, it is obvious that the crown in this utility model sets Meter structure, the curve that its inductance changes with cornerInterval diminish (in figure label X be position), or even disappear, i.e., The interval very little for not producing torque even disappears, and from greatly enhancing the magnetic flux utilization rate of motor, and then increases electricity The output torque of machine.
Preferably, implant can also be set inside the notch or rotor slot of rotor slot, to subtract trochantinian windage.Should Implant (covering) needs are the exhausted magnetic material of insulation, for example plastics, fiberglass or composite etc..
See also Figure 13 and Figure 14, Figure 13 and Figure 14 be two kinds of implant setting structures schematic diagram, wherein, Figure 13 It is the schematic diagram of the notch that covering is covered on rotor slot, Figure 14 is the structural representation that implant is filled in rotor slot.
Covering 500 can be the banded structure for being pasted onto the notch of rotor slot 430 in Figure 13, and covering 500 can be one Whole piece is covered in all rotor slots 430 of whole rotor, can also be segmental structure covering part rotor slot 430, in ability In the range of the understanding of field technique personnel, no longer describe in detail herein.
Implant 500 preferably fills and leads up rotor slot 430 to be filled in voussoir in rotor slot 430 in Figure 14.In implant 500 when being filled in rotor slot, and be connected smoothly (figure between the rotor tooth of implant 500 and acute angle or right angle crown structure Mark in 14 at 510 positions);And (marked in Figure 14 by cambered surface between the rotor tooth of implant 500 and obtuse angle crown structure At 520 positions) transition connection.Can ensure that by seamlessly transitting structure connection between this implant 500 and both sides rotor tooth The overall lateral surface of rotor is smooth structure, reaches the purpose for farthest reducing windage.
Further, in order that implant 500 can be reliably embedded in corresponding rotor slot, in the side of rotor tooth On the locating slot (not marking in figure) that can be provided with, correspondingly, the side of implant 500 is provided with and is adapted with positioning slot structure Positioning convex 530, the positioning convex 530 and locating slot coordinate realizes that the clamping to implant 500 is positioned, and then ensures filling Thing 500 is reliably embedded in corresponding rotor slot.Certainly, a kind of locator protrusions of arc structure is only illustrated in Figure 14 530, it is, of course, also possible to be dovetail configuration etc., as long as ensure that implant 500 can be stablized inlay or be connected to rotor slot It is interior, will not enumerate herein.
This utility model also provides in addition a kind of control system of switched reluctance machines, refers to Figure 15, and Figure 15 is switch The composition frame chart of reluctance motor control system;The system includes switched reluctance machines 510 and driver 520, wherein switching magnetic-resistance Motor 510 can be the switched reluctance machines of previous embodiment description.
The driver 520 at least includes working condition selecting module 521, and the working condition selecting module 521 is used to select Whole windings between two end exits of three-phase windings or between end exit and midpoint exit or in Part between point exit is operated, so that switched reluctance machines realize different torque outputs.
The working condition selecting module 521 at least include three first switches, three second switches, three the 3rd switches, Three the first fly-wheel diodes, three the second fly-wheel diodes and three the 3rd fly-wheel diodes, wherein three first switches Colelctor electrode connect the positive pole of power supply, emitter stage connects respectively an end exit of a corresponding phase winding, and three second are opened The colelctor electrode of pass connects respectively another end exit of a corresponding phase winding, and emitter stage connects the negative pole of power supply, three The colelctor electrode of the 3rd switch connects respectively the midpoint exit of a corresponding phase winding, and emitter stage connects the negative pole of power supply, three The negative pole of the first fly-wheel diode connects respectively the colelctor electrode of the first switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected, and positive pole connects respectively The colelctor electrode of the second switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected is connect, the negative pole of three the second fly-wheel diodes connects respectively correspondence The emitter stage of first switch that connected of a phase winding, positive pole connects respectively the second switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected Emitter stage, the negative pole of three three fly-wheel diodes connects respectively the current collection of the first switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected Pole, positive pole connects respectively the colelctor electrode of the 3rd switch that a corresponding phase winding is connected.
For example, as shown in figure 16, above-mentioned working condition selecting module 521 may include 3 auxiliary powers switch V7, V8, V9 and 3 auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9, are back work state when auxiliary power switch participates in work;It is auxiliary It is normal operating conditions when helping power switch to quit work.
When ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings with midpoint (i.e. by taking the midpoint exit of winding as an example), V1, V2, V3 is respectively the upper bridge arm power switch of A, B, C three-phase windings, and its colelctor electrode connects the positive pole of power supply Us;Its emitter stage connect respectively A, The input of B, C three-phase windings, and be connected with the negative pole of fly-wheel diode VD4, VD5, VD6 respectively, then by fly-wheel diode The positive pole of VD4, VD5, VD6 connects the negative pole of power supply Us.The outfan of A, B, C three-phase windings connect respectively lower bridge arm power switch V4, The colelctor electrode of V5, V6, and being connected with the positive pole of fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, VD3 respectively, then by fly-wheel diode VD1, The negative pole of VD2, VD3 connects the positive pole of power supply Us.And the emitter stage of power switch V4, V5, V6 connects the negative pole (power supply ground) of power supply Us. So constitute the power driving circuit of three-phase switch reluctance machine;The midpoint exit of A, B, C three-phase windings respectively with auxiliary work( Rate switch V7, V8, V9 colelctor electrode be connected, and respectively with auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 positive pole be connected, then The negative pole of auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 is connect into the positive pole of power supply Us.
During normal operating conditions, auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 shut-off is allowed to quit work, three-phase switch reluctance machine is driven V1~V6 power switch normal works of movement controller, A, B, C three-phase windings that can make three-phase switch reluctance machine are all thrown Enter work;During back work state, the V1~V3 and V7~V9 auxiliary power of three-phase switch reluctance machine drive control device is allowed to open Normal work is closed, and power switch V4, V5, V6 shut-off quits work, and makes A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine 1/2 number of turn winding is devoted oneself to work.During due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, and the total number of turns of motor is big, electricity The torque that machine is produced is big, and rotating speed is low;During back work state, only 1/2 number of turn participation work of motor, the torque of motor it is little but Rotating speed is high;Both realize two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds at cooperation.
The drive control device 520 of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine can be when when motor acquisition input speed, profit With the position sensor of switched reluctance machines, the rate of change for making it change with position angle in three-phase windings inductance,'s Region, to the power switch of corresponding three-phase windings on-off control is carried out, and realizes generator operation.
The drive control device 520 can be according to rotating speed, and controlling switch reluctance motor is in normal operating conditions and back work Run under state;During normal operating conditions, auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 shut-off is allowed to quit work, three-phase switch reluctance machine Drive control device V1~V6 power switch normal works, A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine can be made complete Devote oneself to work in portion;During back work state, allow three-phase switch reluctance machine drive control device V1~V3 and V7~V9 auxiliary Power switch normal work, and power switch V4, V5, V6 shut-off quits work, and makes A, B, C three-phase of three-phase switch reluctance machine 1/2 number of turn winding of winding is devoted oneself to work.During due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, total circle of motor Number is big, and motor adapts to high-torque, rotating speed low state;During back work state, only 1/2 number of turn participation work of motor, motor Adapt to little torque high-speed state;Both cooperations realize low-speed generator operation and the operation of high tacho generator.
Three-phase switch reluctance machine is as the outstanding advantages of generator operation in the present embodiment:Completely without due to teeth groove The location torque that effect is produced;Plus low-speed generator operation and high tacho generator operational mode is possessed, high efficiency generates electricity The non-constant width in region.
Switched reluctance machines structure in this utility model embodiment effectively increases the power density of switched reluctance machines, The torque ripple and noise of switched reluctance machines are reduced, with especially wide efficiency operation region.The switched reluctance machines are complete The full location torque for not having to be produced due to slot effect, as the non-constant width in region that generator operation, high efficiency generate electricity.
In addition, when in working order selecting module 521 selects to access the middle part lead-out wire of winding other positions, can also group Different transforming gear forms are closed out, in the range of the understanding of people in the art, is no longer described in detail one by one herein.
Further, this utility model embodiment also provides a kind of switched reluctance machines of internal rotor outer stator structure, please Refering to Figure 17, Figure 17 is the switched reluctance machines of inner rotor core and its three-phase windings schematic diagram.Preferably, in the embodiment Switched reluctance machines are the internal rotor of 16 poles with 16 rotor tooths and with 24 groove external stator motors of 24 stator slots.Figure Middle label 210 is stator, and 220 is rotor.
Likewise, the groove external stator motor of 16 pole internal rotor 24 can adopt ABCABC ... order coiling, totally 24 around Set of pieces, three-phase windings respectively have the elements of winding of 8 series connection, and the element of winding using many insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with edge more Copper cash is split into two halves, it is such 8 series connection the elements of winding, again formed and around two parts, have two line head ends and two lines Tail end, using one pair of which line head end and line tail end as the end exit for the phase winding, then by another to line head end and line Tail end and after connecing, as the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings be the three-phase with midpoint exit around Group.Certainly, in other embodiments, each item in three-phase windings is also provided with multiple middle part exits, and extraction location It is also not necessarily limited at the midpoint of winding, in the range of the understanding of those skilled in the art, here is omitted.
Figure 18 is seen also, Figure 18 is the partial structurtes enlarged drawing of Figure 17 breaker in middle reluctance motors.Preferably, this enforcement The ratio of the width of rebate L2 of the stator and width L1 of stator tooth is 1~1.25 in example, and groove depth D5 is 2~4 times of facewidth L1.This sets Meter can ensure that the stock utilization of motor is high, and vibrations and noise are little.This is because switched reluctance machines do not use permanent magnet, only Only using iron core and copper cash, when its copper consumption is suitable with iron, the stock utilization highest of motor.And switched reluctance machines The width ratio of width of rebate and stator tooth of stator when being 1, it is believed that its copper consumption is suitable with iron, width of rebate and The width ratio of stator tooth is more than 1, then can put more copper cash.But if width of rebate is excessive with the width ratio of stator tooth, work as groove When being deeply 2~4 times of the facewidth, it is meant that the width of stator tooth is too narrow, after winding is powered on tooth, stator and rotor are in strong magnetic Under pulling force effect, vibrations and noise are easily produced.The span of the width ratio of the groove depth, tooth and groove of this utility model stator, Effectively guarantee that the stock utilization of motor is high, namely improve the power density of motor, and inhibit vibrations and noise.
Preferably, the width of rebate L5 of the outer rotor and width L4 of rotor tooth meets:L5/L4 is 1~0.75, and groove depth D6 is 20~30 times of air gap delta between rotor 220 and stator 210.This structure design of rotor and the width of rebate L5 of stator with it is fixed The ratio of the width L4 of sub- tooth is 1~1.25, and groove depth D5 is that the design of 2~4 times of facewidth L1 is engaged, and causes this utility model to be opened Close the bigger than Conventional switched reluctance motor with the ratio Lmax/Lmin values of maximum induction Lmax and minimum inductance Lmin of reluctance motor Much, inductance ratio of the present utility model may be up to 6~8, and Conventional switched reluctance motor can only achieve 2.5~4.5 or so.Due to The output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor is just big, Namely significantly improved the power density of motor.Wherein, the width of air gap delta in the present embodiment between rotor and stator can be with It is designed as δ=(0.25~0.5) mm.
In order to further improve the power density of motor, the winding in the present embodiment on the adjacent stators tooth of stator is also adopted by The contrary current control form of magnetic direction is produced, the correlation that specific field form and principle are asked in parameter above-described embodiment is retouched State, here is omitted.
Figure 19 is referred to, Figure 19 is a kind of schematic diagram of preferred inner rotor core, it is preferable that the rotor in the present embodiment Tooth both sides crown is likewise designed as the different structure of angle, with regard to the architectural feature of rotor tooth crown, refers to above-mentioned reality The associated description in example is applied, here is omitted.
In addition, implant (label 600 in figure) equally can be set in rotor slot, to subtract trochantinian windage, though in figure So only indicate and implant 600 has been provided with one, but should be that implant 600 is all set in all rotor slots.And with regard to filling out The technical characteristics such as the setting structure and material of thing 600 are filled, the associated description in above-described embodiment is also referred to, herein also no longer Repeat.
One optimum embodiment of inner rotor core motor
Switched reluctance machines in the present embodiment include field spider, salient pole stator and drive control device etc., wherein, turn Son is 16 poles, stator is 24 grooves.
It is 1/0.8 that the present embodiment takes the width of rebate of stator and the ratio of the width of stator tooth, and groove depth is 3 times of the facewidth.This Design effectively guarantees that the stock utilization of motor is high, namely improves the power density of motor, and inhibits vibrations and noise.
The present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine, the width of rebate angle of the rotor of 16 poles is with the ratio of the width of rotor tooth 0.8, groove depth is 25 times of air gap delta.This design structure of rotor can make inductance ratio up to 7, and Conventional switched reluctance motor is only 2.5~4.5 or so can be reached.Due to the output torque of switched reluctance machinesInductance is than high meaningGreatly, the output torque of motor is just big, namely the power density for having significantly improved motor.
Simultaneously a crown in two crowns of each rotor tooth of rotor is designed to obtuse angle, and another is acute angle. The curve that then inductance of motor changes with cornerInterval diminish, or even disappear.If the direction that motor presses obtuse angle is suitable Sequence ground is powered to three-phase windings, can also significantly reduce the noise of motor.
The width of the air gap delta between rotor, the stator of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine be δ=0.25mm, rotor The depth at tooth crown obtuse angle is 0.3mm, and the width at obtuse angle is the 1/6 of the width of rotor tooth.
ABC three-phase windings are wound with the tooth of the present embodiment stator, ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings with midpoint.Three The distribution sequence of phase winding is respectively A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C-A-B-C- totally 24 The element of winding, three-phase windings respectively have the element of winding of 8 series connection;The element of winding using many insulated copper wires and around will thoroughly do away with more Edge copper cash is split into two halves, it is such 8 series connection the elements of winding, again formed and around two parts, have two line head ends and two Line tail end, using one pair of which head end and tail end as the exit for the phase winding, then by another to head end, tail end and after connecing, Used as the midpoint exit of the phase winding, therefore ABC three-phase windings are the three-phase windings with midpoint.
Three-phase switch reluctance machine in the present embodiment, in order to reduce windage and noise, is inserted with voussoir, wedge in the groove of rotor The material of block can be plastic and glass fibrous composite etc..
(Figure 16 is referred in the drive control circuit diagram of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine), V1, V2, V3 are respectively The upper bridge arm power switch of A, B, C three-phase windings, its colelctor electrode connects the positive pole of power supply Us;Its emitter stage connects respectively A, B, C three-phase The input of winding, and being connected with the negative pole of fly-wheel diode VD4, VD5, VD6 respectively, then by fly-wheel diode VD4, VD5, The positive pole of VD6 connects the negative pole of power supply Us.The outfan of A, B, C three-phase windings, meets respectively lower bridge arm power switch V4, V5, V6 Colelctor electrode, and be connected with the positive pole of fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, VD3 respectively, then by fly-wheel diode VD1, VD2, VD3 Negative pole connects the positive pole of power supply Us.And the emitter stage of power switch V4, V5, V6 connects the negative pole (power supply ground) of power supply Us.So constitute The power driving circuit of common three-phase switch reluctance machine;The midpoint exit of A, B, C three-phase windings, opens respectively with auxiliary power Close V7, V8, V9 colelctor electrode be connected, and respectively with auxiliary fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 positive pole be connected, then will be auxiliary The negative pole for helping fly-wheel diode VD7, VD8, VD9 connects the positive pole of power supply Us.
The drive control device of three-phase switch reluctance machine increased 3 auxiliary power switches and 3 auxiliary in the present embodiment Fly-wheel diode, is back work state when auxiliary power switch participates in work, is just when auxiliary power switch quits work Normal working condition.During normal operating conditions, auxiliary power switch V7, V8, V9 shut-off is allowed to quit work, three-phase switch reluctance machine Drive control device V1~V6 power switch normal works, A, B, C three-phase windings of three-phase switch reluctance machine can be made complete Devote oneself to work in portion;During back work state, allow three-phase switch reluctance machine drive control device V1~V3 and V7~V9 auxiliary Power switch normal work, and power switch V4, V5, V6 shut-off quits work, and makes A, B, C three-phase of three-phase switch reluctance machine 1/2 number of turn winding of winding is devoted oneself to work.During due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, total circle of motor Number is big, and the torque that motor is produced is big, and rotating speed is low;During back work state, only 1/2 number of turn participation work of motor, motor Torque is little but rotating speed is high;Both realize two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds at cooperation.
During due to normal operating conditions, three-phase windings are all devoted oneself to work, and the total number of turns of motor is big, the torque that motor is produced Greatly, rotating speed is low.During normal operating conditions, ensure that the slow-speed of revolution is interval, motor has high efficiency platform, the close high velocity of rotating speed Efficiency step-down gradually, now controller back work state is switched to according to speed feedback.
During back work state, only 1/2 number of turn participation work of motor, the torque of motor is little but rotating speed is high.Backman When making state, motor ensure that high rotating speed interval (4000~9000 revs/min), and motor has high efficiency platform, although work as turning The close low regime efficiency of speed step-down gradually, but now controller, according to speed feedback, is switched to normal operating conditions again, obtains low The high efficiency platform of fast area's (0~4000 rev/min).It can be seen that, the cooperation of two kinds of working conditions realizes two grades of electrodeless variable-speeds, expands The high efficiency region in motor real work region is opened up.Therefore, the actual efficiency platform of the present embodiment three-phase switch reluctance machine Many wider than Conventional switched reluctance motor.
The present embodiment switched reluctance machines efficiency curve is in 125-50% nominal speed ranges and specified in 50-300% In torque range, efficiency is not less than 86%, peak efficiency 97%.
Switched reluctance machines structure in this utility model embodiment effectively increases the power density of switched reluctance machines, The torque ripple and noise of switched reluctance machines are reduced, with especially wide efficiency operation region.
The present invention a kind of wheel is also provided, the wheel using switched reluctance machines drive, and the switched reluctance machines be as Switched reluctance machines described in front embodiment.
Preferably, the wheel can include hub-type switched reluctance machines, i.e., driven using hub-type switched reluctance machines, The hub-type switched reluctance machines are the electric machine structure of outer rotor inner stator.
Further, the present invention a kind of electric motor car is also provided, the electric motor car can for electric automobile, battery-operated motor cycle or Electric bicycle etc..The electric motor car is pure electric or hybrid car, and the wheel of the electric motor car is driven using switched reluctance machines, The switched reluctance machines are also such as the switched reluctance machines described in front embodiment.Preferably, the driving wheel of the electric motor car can be adopted Include hub-type switched reluctance machines with the car wheel structure in above-described embodiment, i.e. wheel, using hub-type switched reluctance machines Driving moment is rotated.
It should be noted that various embodiments above belongs to same utility model design, the description of each embodiment respectively has side Weight, not detailed part, refers to the description in other embodiment described in separate embodiment.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in the various methods of above-described embodiment is can Completed with instructing the hardware of correlation by program, the program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, storage Medium can include:Flash disk, read only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access device (Random Access Memory, RAM), disk or CD etc..
The switched reluctance machines and system for being provided this utility model embodiment above are described in detail, herein Apply specific case to be set forth principle of the present utility model and embodiment, the explanation of above example is only intended to Help understands method of the present utility model and its core concept;Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to this practicality New thought, will change in specific embodiments and applications, and in sum, this specification content should not It is interpreted as to restriction of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. switched reluctance machines of the default minor structure of a kind of outer rotor, it is characterised in that the switched reluctance machines include housing And the outer rotor and inner stator in housing, the inner stator includes around circumferentially spaced multiple stator tooths and positioned at institute The stator slot between stator tooth is stated, wherein the slot bottom width of the stator slot is 1~1.25 with the ratio of the width of the stator tooth.
2. switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the groove depth of the stator slot is the stator tooth 2~4 times of width.
3. switched reluctance machines according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the outer rotor is included around circumferentially spaced Multiple rotor tooths and the rotor slot between the rotor tooth, wherein the width of rebate of the rotor slot and the rotor tooth Width ratio be 1~0.75.
4. switched reluctance machines according to claim 3, it is characterised in that air gap between the outer rotor and the inner stator Width be 0.25~0.5mm.
5. switched reluctance machines according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the depth of the rotor slot be the outer rotor and 20~30 times of width of air gap between the inner stator.
6. switched reluctance machines according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the outer rotor is to turn with 16 16 pole external-rotors of sub- tooth, the inner stator is the 24 groove inner stators with 24 stator slots.
7. switched reluctance machines according to any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that insulation is provided between the rotor tooth Exhausted magnetic packing material.
8. a kind of wheel, it is characterised in that the wheel is driven using switched reluctance machines, the switched reluctance machines are using power Profit requires the structure of switched reluctance machines described in any one of 1-7.
9. a kind of electric motor car, it is characterised in that the electric motor car is pure electric or hybrid car, the electric motor car is included such as power Profit requires the switched reluctance machines described in any one of 1-7.
10. electric motor car according to claim 9, the wheel of the electric motor car is driven using hub-type switched reluctance machines.
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CN201621095126.2U Active CN206149037U (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric motor car and switched reluctance motor , Switched reluctance motor system thereof
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CN201610859645.XA Active CN106451984B (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric vehicle, wheel and its switched reluctance machines
CN201610862047.8A Pending CN106300715A (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance machines thereof
CN201621095094.6U Active CN206149035U (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof
CN201610859299.5A Pending CN106329755A (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric vehicle and its switched reluctance motor and switched reluctance motor system
CN201621088357.0U Active CN206149034U (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof
CN201610867067.4A Pending CN106341021A (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric vehicle, wheel, switched reluctance motor thereof and switched reluctance motor system
CN201610859297.6A Pending CN106385118A (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric vehicle, wheel and switched reluctance motor
CN201621095092.7U Active CN206149121U (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance motor thereof
CN201610859130.XA Pending CN106357070A (en) 2016-04-08 2016-09-28 Electric vehicle, wheel, switch reluctance motor, switch reluctance motor system
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CN105322677A (en) * 2015-10-29 2016-02-10 周斌欣 Switched reluctance motor
CN206149037U (en) * 2016-04-08 2017-05-03 深圳市配天电机技术有限公司 Electric motor car and switched reluctance motor , Switched reluctance motor system thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106300715A (en) * 2016-04-08 2017-01-04 深圳市配天电机技术有限公司 Electric motor car, wheel and switched reluctance machines thereof

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