CN206039816U - Wireless building node data collection system and utilize fire monitoring system of this system - Google Patents

Abstract

Wireless building node data collection system, with the conflagration relevant a plurality of physical quantity data of present position are gathered with the mode of single section point, including conflagration sensor module, zigBee module and power module, wherein, fire sensor module includes the module circuit of a plurality of physical quantitys relevant with the fire, the zigBee module adopts the integrated scheme of single -chip, by MCU unit on the piece, storage unit, IO interface and RF transceiver are constituteed, power module provides the energy for the normal operating of whole node, power module takes different designs according to different node energy consumptions, divide into battery poweredly and two modes of ac energisation, the utility model discloses the utilization is still provided wireless building node data collection system's fire monitoring system includes: node data collection system, data wireless transmission system and data monitoring center, the utility model discloses having reduced loaded down with trivial details wiring, can having guaranteed again that data security is reliable simultaneously, the complicated abominable building disaster site environment of adaptation possesses network reliability, promptness and accuracy.

Description

Wireless building node data acquisition system and the fire hazard monitoring system using the system

Technical field

This utility model belongs to technical field of fire safety, more particularly to a kind of wireless building fire hazard monitoring system.

Background technology

With the continuous expansion of Developing Urbanization, centralized house has become the trend of urban development.Due to people Lack security against fire consciousness, some combustible materials are brought unintentionally into residential housing, cause hidden fire-fighting danger heavy, and fire becomes Incidence rate is high, harm is big, the disaster of weight losses.For fire, people start from passive fire extinguishing of putting out a fire to save life and property the monitoring for turning to active Prevention, fire preventing and treating have become the trend of urban fire control development.《Code for fire protection design of buildings》(GB50016-2014) in, Clearly propose to implement the fire-fighting work policy of " putting prevention first, preventive effect combination ".Fire monitoring alarm technology starts by people's Greatly pay close attention to, and fast development is got up.

In the face of increasingly serious fire disaster, along with the development of science and technology, building fire hazard monitoring system arises. The appearance of conventional fire detecting and warning system, reduces personnel and property loss that fire brings to a certain extent.Traditional Fire detection alarm system is distributed using bus type, and wiring scale is big, and cost of investment is higher, after the completion of early stage design, the later stage Change circuit is more difficult, is especially difficult in the building for connecting up at some, and occurrence index remains high.Report for conventional fire detection There is disadvantage mentioned above in alarm system, building fire detection alarm system is badly in need of carrying out a upgrading.From building detection report Since alarm system comes out, due to the restriction of technology so that building fire detection alarm system slower development.

From existing achievement in research can be seen that by application of higher wireless sensor network in building fire monitoring research with set Meter faces huge opportunities and challenges, and building disaster site environment is complicated severe, and monitoring has specific industry standard, nothing again Line sensor network while guaranteeing data security reliable should should embody which and reduce the loaded down with trivial details unique advantage of wiring again.This Require to launch research in terms of raising network reliability, the index of quality such as promptness and accuracy, expand wireless sensor network Network technology contents.

The content of the invention

In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of wireless building fire prison Examining system, reduces loaded down with trivial details wiring, while ensuring that data safety reliability, adapts to complicated severe building disaster scene ring Border, possesses network reliability, promptness and accuracy.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is：

Wireless building node data acquisition system, gathers the related to fire multiple of present position in the way of single node Physical quantity data, including：

Including fire sensor module, ZigBee module and power module, wherein, fire sensor module includes and fire The modular circuit of the related multiple physical quantitys of calamity, ZigBee module adopt single-chip integration scheme, by MCU units, storage on piece Unit, I/O interfaces and RF transceivers composition, power module provide energy, power module root for the normal operation of integral node Different designs are taken according to different node energy consumptions, is divided into battery and is powered and two modes of Alternating Current Power Supply.

The ZigBee module is divided into two types with CC2530 as core, in design, and the first is the biography for being not added with PA System ZigBee module, it is relatively spacious for space, require relatively low region to transmission range, be for second plus PA it is new ZigBee module, for needing to penetrate wall or floor transfer, and the region to transmission range farther out；In the first type In, the hardware peripheral circuit design of CC2530 includes the design of electric source filter circuit, arranges decoupling capacitor in chip circumference and filters The impulse disturbances that High-frequency Interference and chip on CC2530 power supplies is produced to external circuit, and be provided for filtering low frequency and do The electric capacity disturbed, and the 0 Ω inductance of EMC between power supply and IC pins is solved the problems, such as, while connecting 56K's between pin and ground Precision resister, the RF analog circuits for CC2530 provide a bias current；CC2530 two is carried out using impedance matching circuit The connection of individual prevention at radio-frequency port and single port antenna, and constitute balun circuit with capacitor and inductor to realize the single-ended letter of differential signal turn Number, second type is that RFX2401C is increased on the basis of PA modules are not added with as power amplifier chip, by CC2530 P1.4 mouths and P1.5 mouths respectively controlling RXEN the and TXEN ports of RFX2401C, the external 2 decouplings electricity of RFX2401C chips Hold, the RF two ends of RFX2401C separately design an impedance matching circuit, and coupled between antenna portions are realized using π types match circuit, Connection CC2530 parts employ balun circuit carries out impedance matching so that two terminal impedances of RFX2401C are 50 Ω.

The multiple physical quantitys related to fire include temperature, humidity, smokescope and flame, are passed using humiture Sensor, Smoke Sensor and flame sensor realize monitoring, and wherein Temperature Humidity Sensor selects SHT20, Smoke Sensor to include MQ-2 sensors and the HIS-07 sensors suitable for smoke particle detection suitable for combustible gas detecting.

The supply district of the SHT20 is 2.1-3.6V, is 3.3V from voltage, connects one between power supply and ground connection The decoupling capacitor of 100nF, and the position of decoupling capacitor is as close to SHT20, SDA pins be used for the data input of sensor and Output, to avoid signal conflict, microprocessor from driving SDA and SCL in low level, need to respectively want an outside 10k Ω Pull-up resistor signal is lifted to high level, the P1.0 mouths and P1.1 mouths pin of CC2530 SCL and SDA respectively with SHT20 Port connects；

The direct current signal that the 4 feet output of the MQ-2 changes with smokescope, 4 pins are connected to the I/O of CC2530 simultaneously 2 feet of pin and comparator LM393, R6 constitute the threshold voltage of comparator；When smokescope is larger, output voltage is higher than threshold During voltage, comparator output low level, the now bright warnings of LED2；When the output voltage that concentration reduces sensor is less than threshold voltage When, comparator upset output high level, LED2 extinguish；R6 is adjusted to adjust the threshold voltage of comparator, reports to the police defeated so as to adjust The sensitivity for going out, R1 seal in the heating circuit of sensor with protect heater strip from it is cold electric when impact, the AC of MQ-2 modules Pin connects the P0.7 mouths of CC2530, can obtain the analogue signal for needing by A/D conversions in the piece of CC2530；

HIS-07 modules are roughly the same with MQ-2 module principles, and unique difference is the power supply that HIS-07 arranges+a 9V Drive, it is not necessary to extra amplifying circuit, while being additionally arranged LM393 twin voltage comparators, entered by way of setting threshold value Row judges；

The AC pins of the flame sensor connect the P0.0 mouths of CC2530, and being converted to by A/D in the piece of CC2530 is needed The analogue signal wanted, while being additionally arranged LM393 twin voltage comparators, is judged by way of setting threshold value；

The power module uses positive voltage stabilizing field effect transistor LN317 and AMS1117-3.3 as voltage stabilizing chip.

This utility model additionally provides the fire hazard monitoring system using the wireless building node data acquisition system, bag Include：

The node data acquisition system；

Data radio transmission system, based on ZigBee-network and TCP/IP networks, ZigBee-network with coordinator node is Gathered data after process is wirelessly sent to ZigBee-network by center, other nodes, and data are eventually pushed to Coordinator node, subsequent coordinator node transfer data to data monitor center by ZigBee WiFi gateways or serial ports；

Data monitor center, to data processing and storage, carries out monitor in real time, and the report based on setting to situation in building Alert Numerical Implementation abnormal nodes Real-time Alarm, and according to the positional information of abnormal nodes, hidden danger region is processed in time.

The ZigBee WiFi gateways are mainly by ZigBee module, WiFi module, gateway controller module, display module Four parts constitute, and ZigBee module adopts ZigBee coordinators, are responsible for ZigBee-network and set up the collection with node data；WiFi Module adopts integrated chip solution, is mainly responsible for sending data in the Internet；Gateway controller module is ZigBee module With the bridge of WiFi module, the main data for being responsible for sending ZigBee module are sent to WiFi moulds after processing by transfer Block；The whole flow process state that display module is configured by liquid crystal display gateway, it is user-friendly.

Compared with prior art, basic demand of this utility model according to building fire hazard monitoring system, from the choosing of sensor Type and design, the type selecting without network node and design, the type selecting of dual-mode wireless gateway and design, and data monitor center service The aspects such as the design of device are started with, and systematically complete the building fire monitoring system based on wireless sensor network, in laboratory In environment, the basic function of the system has been substantially achieved realization.Main feature of the present utility model includes：

(1) there is wiring scale greatly for conventional fire detecting and warning system, cost of investment is higher, complete in early stage design Afterwards, the shortcomings of later stage change circuit is more difficult, this utility model compensate for the deficiency of conventional fire monitoring system, enrich fire prison The species of examining system.

(2) the difference according to architectural environment, this utility model devise two kinds of node module, it is ensured that building ring Effective transmission of domestic internodal data.

(3) the data monitor center software of this utility model design, realizes additions and deletions, the real time data of each nodal information Monitoring, the query function of historical data, while can also be carried out to each node data by the other-end in LAN Remote monitoring.

(4) this utility model whole system is tested from bottom to top, including the communication capacity of node, bimodulus net The anti-interference of pass, realization of data monitor center etc..Test result shows that the node of this utility model design can be accurate Fire parameter in collection building, is wirelessly sent in time to server.

(5) corresponding routing algorithm is configured with for meshed network topological structure, according to the test result of systematic function, together When with reference to requirement of the node deployment in national standard specification, this utility model has been formulated the deployment scheme of node, has strengthened section Transmittability between point, improves the stability of wireless sensor network.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is this utility model system block diagram.

Fig. 2 is this utility model wireless fire disaster monitoring node hardware structure diagram.

Fig. 3 is this utility model ZigBee-WiFi gateway hardware structure charts.

Fig. 4 is that this utility model ZigBee is not added with PA module hardware schematic diagrams.

Fig. 5 is that this utility model ZigBee adds PA module hardware schematic diagrams.

Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of this utility model SHT20 modules.

Fig. 7 is this utility model MQ-2 module principle figures.

Fig. 8 is this utility model HIS-07 module principle figures.

Fig. 9 is this utility model flame sensor module principle figure.

Figure 10 is this utility model node power module principle figure.

Figure 11 is this utility model gateway module core board schematic diagram.

Figure 12 is the workflow diagram of this utility model coordinator module.

Figure 13 is the program flow diagram of this utility model sensor node.

Figure 14 is this utility model SHT20 modular program flow charts.

Figure 15 is this utility model MQ-2 modules, HIS-07 modules, flame sensor modular program flow chart.

Figure 16 is this utility model ZigBee-WiFi gateway module program flow diagrams.

Figure 17 is the direct pass-through mode program flow diagram of this utility model.

Figure 18 is this utility model round-robin queue mode program flow diagram.

Figure 19 is this utility model round-robin queue buffer area structure chart.

Specific embodiment

Describe embodiment of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples in detail.

This utility model is fire detection alarm system and fire based on the building fire hazard monitoring system of radio sensing network Early warning system it is integrated, it is a part for whole automatic fire alarm system.This utility model is broadly divided into following four part： The design of sensor node, the design of ZigBee-WiFi gateways, the design of data monitor center and wireless sensor network Node deployment.

The main purpose of building fire monitoring is for the real-time status and history of grasping each ambient parameter of interior of building The variation tendency of data, predicts and controls fire and provide effective foundation for monitoring personnel, therefore, building fire hazard monitoring system is necessary Possess the collection of real time data, the inquiry of historical data, nodal information check and alarming value the basic function such as setting.This Utility model building fire hazard monitoring system mainly for some be not suitable for extensive wiring and traditional building fire hazard monitoring system without The building that method is covered, including industry and civil buildings.From being divided into using the major function of angle, system：

(1) data acquisition

1. conventional fire parameter is acquired, the parameter of collection must be consistent with test environment, it is to avoid data are forbidden True phenomenon occurs, it is ensured that the accuracy of data.

2. all data messages for collecting are wirelessly communicated to into long-range server, while what checking was collected Switch data are carried out secondary transmission by data in time, it is ensured that the effectiveness of transmission.

(2) data monitoring

1. the data to receiving are processed successively, and the data after process are shown in real time, at the same by these data and Reference value is compared analysis, and the node to there is the condition of a disaster is reported to the police, and notifies that management personnel check.

2. nodal information, data message and the analysis result of each monitoring point are stored, is later stage algorithm predicts fire and to escape Raw path planning provides data foundation.

According to the concerned countries code requirement of fire monitoring, fire hazard monitoring system should have high stability, real-time and The features such as easily arranging.Conventional fire monitoring system haves the shortcomings that wiring is loaded down with trivial details, causes the Code in Hazardous Special Locations that can not be connected up at some, Carry out fire monitoring very difficult.Although having there is wireless fire disaster warning device at present, single-unit point mode is in, it is impossible to Networking collection is realized as wired mode.

It is building fire hazard monitoring system of this utility model based on radio sensing network as shown in Figure 1, the building fire is supervised Examining system is mainly wirelessly transferred and is constituted with data monitor center by node data collection, data.Node data collection is with single-unit The mode of point gathers numerous physical quantitys such as the temperature of present position, humidity, smokescope, flame.Data be wirelessly transferred for ZigBee-network and TCP/IP networks, centered on coordinator node, other nodes are by the collection number after process for ZigBee-network According to ZigBee-network is wirelessly sent to, data are eventually pushed to coordinator node, and subsequent coordinator node passes through ZigBee WiFi gateways or serial ports transfer data to data monitor center.Data monitor center realizes the process to data And storage, the setting of warning numerical value, the functions such as monitor in real time are carried out to situation in building, meanwhile, mobile terminal or other networks User can also by way of accessing LAN server remote monitoring each node information.Once it was found that interior of building There are fire condition, data monitor center or other long-distance users can be according to the positional information of these abnormal nodes, to hidden danger region Timely processed.

According to the code requirement of fire monitoring, this utility model devises the hardware of fire monitoring node.As shown in Fig. 2 The hardware of fire monitoring node is made up of fire sensor module, ZigBee module and three part of power module.Fire is sensed Device module includes the modular circuits such as temperature, humidity, smokescope, flame.ZigBee module adopts single-chip integration scheme, this kind of Chip is made up of MCU units, storage element, I/O interfaces and RF transceivers on piece, while considering relative closure in building Environment and the relatively weak penetrance of 2.4GHz signals, be classified as two types again in module design, the first is Traditional ZigBee module of PA is not added with, it is relatively spacious for space, relatively low region is required to transmission range, second is to add PA New ZigBee module, for needing to penetrate wall or floor transfer, and the region to transmission range farther out.Power module Normal operation for integral node provides energy, and power module takes different designs according to different node energy consumptions, mainly It is divided into battery to power and two modes of Alternating Current Power Supply.

When mass data is transmitted, serial mode cannot ensure the rapidity and effectiveness of data transfer, in order to Prevent the generation of such case, this utility model from devising the transmission means of TCP/IP.ZigBee-network and and ICP/IP protocol Difference, so this utility model has carried out the design of ZigBee WIFI gateways.As shown in figure 3, the gateway is mainly by ZigBee Module, WiFi module, gateway controller module, four part of display module composition.ZigBee module adopts ZigBee coordinators, bears Duty ZigBee-network sets up the collection with node data；WiFi module adopts integrated chip solution, main to be responsible for data is activation Into the Internet；Gateway controller module is the bridge of ZigBee module and WiFi module, main to be responsible for passing ZigBee module The data brought are sent to WiFi module after transfer process；The whole stream that display module is configured by liquid crystal display gateway Journey state, it is user-friendly.

The design of this utility model fire monitoring node hardware includes：

1st, hardware selection

(1) ZigBee chips type selecting

The Zstack-2007 protocol stacks that TI is provided open for free, while which possesses global function, including mesh network is opened up The global function protocol stack flutterred, and the product of other companies is used using paid mode.

CC2530/CC2531 adopts FLASH memory+MCU+ZigBee RF integrated chip schemes, and other ZigBee factories The chip of business is required for extra hardware supported, synthetical comparison and assessment, its cost performance compete with single chip solution, so selecting CC2530/CC2531 chips, possess high performance-price ratio advantage.

CC2530 detail parameters are as follows：Standard enhanced 8051CPU, high performance RF transceivers, with 2 USART, 8 and 16 bit timing devices, WatchDog Timer, configurable 12 ADC of 8 tunnels input, 21 GPIO, AES128 collaborations process Device, hardware supported CSMA/CA, digitized received signal strength indicator (RSSI)/link-quality indicate (LQI) and powerful DMA functions, can support 5 kinds of mode of operations；CC2530 has four kinds of different Flash versions：CC2530F32/64/128/256, it Respectively have 32/64/128/256KB flash storages.It is summed up, using general MCU, free global function protocol stack, High performance-price ratio, this utility model have selected CC2530F256 chips as the main control chip of ZigBee module.

(2) PA chips type selecting

Although simple CC2530 chip solutions can be placed built-in line in wall and be installed relay router, ZigBee is solved Run into the problem of barrier transmission, but the processing mode of built-in line undoubtedly increased quantities, this also with the system real meaning On zero wires design original intention disagree, the program can not effectively solving transmission data problem through walls.TI officials propose logical Increase PA chips are crossed, this problem is effectively solved.It is mainly the experimental program of TI officials in the market：CC2530+ By substantial amounts of date comprision, CC2591 modes, this utility model find that RFX2401C is combined with CC2530, equally may be used To achieve good effect.Contrast CC2591 and RFX2401C, it is seen that the peripheral component of CC2591 is excessive, parameter is whole Fixed loaded down with trivial details, software configuration change is more, and RFX2401C has superior performance, high sensitivity and efficiency, and noise is low, profile chi Very little little, low cost, peripheral original paper are few, effectively compatibility ZigBee-network, and its actual test effect is substantially better than CC2591 side Case.

(3) Choice of Sensors

For fire alarm system, the quality of sensor affects the accuracy of whole system data, the system difference Temperature Humidity Sensor, Smoke Sensor and flame sensor are used, the specific requirement to sensor performance has been presented herein below.

Temperature detection：0～50 DEG C, error≤4%；

Humidity detection：0～100%, error≤4%；

Smoke Detection：0～500ppm, error≤5ppm；

Fire defector：0～3.3V, error≤0.1V.

In addition to sensor performance parameter, the Main Basiss of various Choice of Sensors also include the cost performance of element, encapsulation Deng.

1. Temperature Humidity Sensor

This utility model using Temperature Humidity Sensor selects is SHT20, it is the characteristics of with small volume, high precision, main Want performance parameter as follows：

RH scopes：0%to100%, RH precision：3%, output type：Digital, interface：I2C, resolution：12bit, 14bit, full temperature accuracy：+/- 0.3 DEG C, working power electric current：150nA, maximum operation temperature：+ 125 DEG C, minimum work temperature Degree：- 40 DEG C, maximum mains voltage：3.6V, minimum power source voltage：2.1V.

2. Smoke Sensor

Smoke Sensor is divided into two kinds according to the difference of monitoring object, and the first is gas sensor MQ-2, and which belongs to two Tin oxide semiconductor gas sensitive, is one kind of surface ion formula N-type semiconductor, is adapted to be placed on the places such as kitchen.Second It is ion type smog sensor HIS-07, is exclusively used in smoke detection.The Specifeca tion speeification difference of two kinds of sensors is as follows：

MQ-2：Measurement range：Liquefied gas and propane (100ppm-10000ppm), butane (300ppm-5000ppm) methane (5000ppm-20000ppm) hydrogen (300ppm-5000ppm) ethanol (100ppm-2000ppm), running voltage：5.0V± 0.2V；Sensitive body sheet resistance (RS)：3k Ω -30k Ω (1000ppm iso-butanes), concentration slope (α)：0.6.

HIS-07：Measurement range：0%～5%；Running voltage：9V；Measurement error：±0.1V；In UL217 standard atmospheres Output voltage：5.6±0.4V；Working relative humidity：≤ 95%RH；Cotton core 2%/foot cigarette sensitivity：0.6±0.1V；Colelctor electrode is put down Weighing apparatus current potential：5.5±0.3V；Insulator leakage current：≤0.5pA；Ionization source radiation activity：0.5 μ Ci (18Kbq) ± 10%；Ionization chamber Radiation dose rate at 25cm：0.03mGy/.

According to above-mentioned analysis, MQ-2 sensors are applied to the detection of fuel gas, and HIS-07 sensors are applied to The detection of smoke particle.

3. flame sensor

The far infrared flame sensor that this utility model is selected can be used to detect burning things which may cause a fire disaster or some other wavelength is received 700 Thermal source in rice～1000 nanometer ranges, Specifeca tion speeification are as follows：

Detection wavelength：760 nanometers～1100 nanometers, detection angle：60 °, optimal detection：Infrared light wavelength at 940 nanometers, Operating temperature：- 25 DEG C～85 DEG C.

2nd, ZigBee module design

The maintenance in later stage for convenience, increases the secondary utilization of module, and the system hardware is according to the think of of modularized design Think, wherein ZigBee module design is divided into and is not added with PA modules and adds PA modules, introduces this two generic module separately below.

(1) PA modules are added

The hardware peripheral circuit design of CC2530 includes the design of electric source filter circuit, as shown in figure 4, in chip circumference C4, C5, C6, C7, C9 are decoupling capacitor, it is therefore an objective to filter the High-frequency Interference and chip on CC2530 power supplies to external electrical The impulse disturbances that road produces, C2, C3 are used to filter low-frequency disturbance, and L1 is to solve the EMC between power supply and IC pins to ask using 0 Ω Topic.Connect the precision resister of 56K between the main pins of RBIAS and ground, the RF analog circuits for CC2530 provide a biasing Electric current.The external reset circuit of RESET_N pins, for system reset.System adopt two crystal oscillators, respectively 32MHz and 32.768KHz crystal oscillator.CC2530 realizes the transmitting-receiving of RF using two difference ports of RF_P and RF_N, its radio-frequency head Mouth employs two ports, and SMA-KE is single port antenna, so this utility model employs impedance matching circuit and held Mouth connection, the L2 in Fig. 4, C12, L3, C14 composition balun circuit turn the function of single-ended signal, balun to realize differential signal L, C computing formula of circuit is shown below.

In formula：Zout and Zin are the resistance value that chip radio frequency port and antenna port need matching respectively.According to TI's The chip handbook of CC2530, in operating frequency, the impedance of prevention at radio-frequency port is (69+j29) Ω to system, the feature resistance of SMA-KE antennas Anti- is 50 Ω, can be calculated each device parameter values.The devices such as L4, C15, the C16 in Fig. 4 constitute π type match circuits, realize With the function of Antenna Impedance Matching.

(2) PA modules are added

As shown in figure 5, RFX2401C is increased on the basis of PA modules are not added with as power amplifier chip, pass through , respectively controlling RXEN the and TXEN ports of RFX2401C, RFX2401C chips are external 2 for the P1.4 mouths and P1.5 mouths of CC2530 Decoupling capacitor, the RF two ends of RFX2401C separately design an impedance matching circuit, and coupled between antenna portions employ π types matching electricity Road realizes that connection CC2530 parts employ balun circuit carries out impedance matching so that two terminal impedances of RFX2401C are 50 Ω, Ensure that RFX2401C optimum performances.

3rd, sensor module designs

(1) Temperature and Humidity module

The circuit theory of SHT20 modules as shown in fig. 6, the supply district of SHT20 is 2.1-3.6V from voltage is 3.3V.The decoupling capacitor of a 100nF must be connected between power supply (VDD) and ground connection (VSS), and the position of electric capacity should be leaned on as far as possible Nearly sensor, SDA pins are used for the data input of sensor and output.To avoid signal conflict, microprocessor (MCU) must be only SDA and SCL can be driven in low level, need to respectively want the pull-up resistor of an outside 10k Ω signal to be lifted to high level.Due to Must be communicated by I2C modes between SHT20 and CC2530, so this utility model is by the P1.0 mouths and P1.1 of CC2530 Mouth pin is connected with SCL the and SDA ports of the module respectively.

(2) Smoke Sensor module

1. MQ-2 modules

The circuit theory of MQ-2 modules is as shown in fig. 7, the direct current signal that changes with smokescope of the 4 feet output of MQ-2,4 draw Foot is connected to 2 feet of the I/O pins and comparator LM393 of CC2530 simultaneously, and R6 constitutes the threshold voltage of comparator.When smog it is dense When spending larger, output voltage higher than threshold voltage, comparator output low level (GND), the now bright warnings of LED2；When concentration is reduced When the output voltage of sensor is less than threshold voltage, comparator upset output high level (VCC), LED2 extinguish.R6 is adjusted, can be with The threshold voltage of comparator is adjusted, so as to adjust the sensitivity of warning output.R1 seals in the heating circuit of sensor, can protect Heater strip from it is cold electric when impact.The AC pins of MQ-2 modules connect the P0.7 mouths of CC2530, by A/D in the piece of CC2530 Conversion can obtain the analogue signal for needing.

2. HIS-07 modules

The circuit theory of HIS-07 detection modules is as shown in figure 8, according to the characteristic of sensor, HIS-07 modules and MQ-2 moulds Block circuit theory diagrams are roughly the same, and unique difference is the power drives that HIS-07 needs+a 9V, and its output valve is 5V left The right side, therefore extra amplifying circuit is not needed, while LM393 twin voltage comparators are additionally arranged for module, by setting threshold value Mode judged.

(3) flame sensor module

The circuit theory of flame sensor module is as shown in figure 9, the characteristic of flame sensor, its output valve is exactly 0 Between 4V, similar with HIS-07 modules, again without extra amplifying circuit, the AC pins of flame sensor module connect The P0.0 mouths of CC2530, can obtain the analogue signal for needing by A/D conversions in the piece of CC2530, while being additionally arranged for module LM393 twin voltage comparators, are judged by way of setting threshold value.

(4) node power module design

The principle of node power module as shown in Figure 10, the acquisition node of this utility model design need+9V ,+5V ,+ The DC source of 3.3V is powered, therefore power module has used positive voltage stabilizing field effect transistor LN317 and AMS1117-3.3 as circuit Voltage stabilizing chip, LN317 chips can bear the transient current of 1.5A, and voltage is adjustable, support the multiple voltages such as 5V, 5.2V, 6V, and There is thermal overload protection and output conversion SOA protective measures, the work of voltage stabilizing can be completed well, AMS1117-3.3 was defeated Go out voltage 3.3, voltage stabilizing chip of the electric current for 1A.

The design of this utility model fire monitoring gateway hardware includes：

1st, hardware selection

(1) gateway controller type selecting

This utility model ZigBee WiFi gateways, its core is gateway controller module, therefore gateway controller What is selected is whether suitable, has directly affected data processing and the laser propagation effect of whole system.This utility model gateway needs to prop up Three kinds of USART mouths are held, while stronger arithmetic speed will be had, while controller price is considered, be have finally chosen STM32F103RBT6 microcontrollers.

STM32F103RBT6 major parameters are as follows：Using the high performance ARM Cortex-M3 RISC cores of 32, work Working frequency is 72MHz, built-in 128kB flash memories, abundant enhancing I/O ports and is connected to the peripheral hardware of two APB buses. Simultaneously comprising the ADC of 2 12,3 general 16 bit timing devices and a PWM intervalometer, also comprising standard and advanced communication Interface：Up to 2 I2C interfaces and SPI interface, 3 USART interfaces, a USB interface and a CAN interfaces.In aspect of performance There is while fully meeting bimodulus gateway of the present utility model cheap price again.

(2) WiFi type selectings

According to the design requirement of this utility model gateway, in line with high performance-price ratio principle, from the production of ALIENTEK companies ATK-ESP8266-V1.2 modules, the module core chip are AI-THINKER ESP8266-12F.

ESP8266-12F main performance index are as follows：Support 802.11b/g/n wireless networks；Built-in 10bit high accuracy ADC；Built-in ICP/IP protocol stack；WiFi@2.4GHz, support WPA/WPA2 safe modes, support STA/AP/STA+AP Working moulds Formula；Support Smart Confi functions (including Android and iOS device)；Support HSPI, UART, I2C, I2S, IR Remote Control、PWM、GPIO；Wake up within 2ms, connect and transmit packet；The output of+20dBm under 802.11b patterns Deng.

2nd, gateway module design

The ZigBee WiFi gateways of this utility model design, its core controller is STM32F103RBT6, such as Figure 11 institutes Show, be gateway module core board schematic diagram.As can be seen from the figure which is powered using 5V/1A power supplys, is entered by 1117-3.3 Row 3.3V voltage conversions, after system power supply, D1 lamps are bright, and STM32F103RBT6 has perfect internal reset circuit, external reset Circuit is just extremely simple, it is only necessary to which, using resistance reset mode is held, STM32F103RBT6 can use external crystal-controlled oscillation or outside Clock source, provides reference clock for system through internal PLL or without internal PLL, it is also possible to use inside RC agitator Jing Cross or provide clock source for system without internal PLL.When using external crystal-controlled oscillation as system clock source, external crystal-controlled oscillation Frequency is 4MHz～16MHz, can provide accurate system reference source for system.This utility model using the external crystal oscillators of 8MHz is System provides accurate system-timing reference, using the external crystal oscillator of 32.768KHz low speed as RTC clock power supply, is connected to core PC14, PC15 pin of piece.20 foot JTAG artificial debugging interfaces of this utility model using standard.

Default configuration of the non-ZigBee+PA modules using ZStack-2007 protocol stacks in this utility model, in zones of different Interior its test result is as shown in table 1.

1 RFX2401C working timing figures of table

TXEN	RXEN	State
			1	X	TX sends state
0	1	RX reception states
			0	0	Chip quits work

Note：" 1 " for high level state (>1.2V)

" 0 " for controlling switch low level state (<0.3V)

" X " is high and low level state

Configuration step of the PA modules in ZStack-2007 protocol stacks is as follows：

1. due under default situations power amplifier do not enable, needs change # in file hal_board_cfg.h DefinexHAL_PA_LNA is #defineHAL_PA_LNA.

2. as P1.4, P1.5 pin of CC2530 is connected respectively at RXEN, TXEN pin of RFX2401C, by table 1 Understand that RXEN keeps high level, TXEN determines to send and receive, so arranging P1.4=1, can just be realized by controlling P1.5 The data transmit-receive function of RFX2401C.Concrete protocol stack is arranged：In modification mac_radio_defs.c files Code in macRadioTurnOnPower functions is as follows：

/*******************************************************************

/*P1_5->PAEN*/

RFC_OBS_CTRL0=RFC_OBS_CTRL_PA_PD_INV；

OBSSEL5=OBSSEL_OBS_CTRL0；

/*P1_4->EN(LNA control)*/

P1SEL＆=～0X10；

P1DIR |=0X10；

P1_4=1；

3. output to be improved, needs to change macPibDefaults structure variables, generation in mac_pib.c files Code is as follows：

By the value for changing num in epimere code, corresponding milliwatt point can be checked in mac_radio_defs.c files Shellfish, code are as follows：

This utility model coordinator module is responsible for the data collection of all nodes of ZigBee wireless sensor networks, and Gateway controller module is transmitted in time by serial ports, while the order of data monitor center can be transmitted to by gateway controller again Coordinator module, coordinator module receive instruction after, by way of radio broadcasting under send instructions to all nodes, all nodes Corresponding judgement is made according to command content to reply.Figure 12 is the workflow diagram of coordinator module, on coordinator after electricity, advanced The basic initialization of row some protocol stacks, after initialization success, selects setting channel, sets up ZigBee-network, open ZigBee Network is added to be allowed, and starts intervalometer OSAL systems and enters listening state.Coordinator is entered by way of poll event priority Row event scanning, once find that event occurs, according to Event Priority, processes event response successively, meanwhile, in whole event During process, the event polling mode of OSAL operating systems is still being run, by each event in the form of task number, successively It is appended to Message Processing queue.

This utility model routing node and terminal node are responsible for the data of collection sensor interface, process backward coordinator Node timing sends data.Figure 13 is the program flow diagram of sensor node, and software overall procedure is equipment initialization, is then swept Wireless channel is retouched, request adds network, node to start intervalometer after adding network and opens OSCL polling tasks, in polling procedure In, by event trigger mechanism, judgement performs corresponding button.onrelease if event occurs to terminal node, if without event Occur, then into sleep pattern, until timing to system restarts poll event, a situation arises, and it is responsible for timing acquiring Sensing data, is accordingly responded for some solicited messages of data center, by ZigBee-network by these data Pass to upper level route or coordinator node, routing node in terms of gathered data and response data center requests with terminal section Point is identical, and difference is that routing node possesses data routing function, no park mode, thus its must 24 hours not between Disconnected work, is ready to the forwarding of data.

In order to the data transfer for ensureing is errorless, it route and interrupts node and the data message for collecting is reorganized, Form a complete packet to be transmitted.

Sensor assembly workflow includes respectively：

(1) SHT20 modules

As shown in figure 14, as CC2530 hardware does not support the communication mode of I2C, and SHT20 only supports the communication party of I2C Formula, so the mode that this utility model employs CC2530 simulation I2C is communicated with SHT20, employs in hardware connection P1.0 mouths and P1.1 mouths respectively correspond to SHT20 SCL and SDA pins, be ensure data transmission reliability, standard I2C data Transmission must possess strict timing requirements, and specific operating process is：Initialization I/O ports, startup transmission, reading humiture Data, calculating data.

(2) MQ-2 modules, HIS-07 modules, flame sensor module

This utility model MQ-2 modules, HIS-07 modules, flame sensor module are analog data collection, so choosing The mode for having selected AD conversion carries out digital independent.CC2530 possesses 8 independent 12 ADC channels, and (CC2530 of TI is due to surveying Test result is not reaching to design requirement, so the resolution of CC2530 is adjusted to 12 by TI companies from 14), hardware interface is P0.0～P0.7, difference corresponding A IN0～AIN7 passages, this utility model adopts single pass single conversion, by depositor ADCCON3 is controlled, and Starting mode selects event to start, and the program flow diagram of these three modules is as shown in figure 15.

Gateway module configuration includes：

(1) WiFi module software arrangements

This utility model is ESP8266 from the chip of WiFi module, and WiFi module is with serial ports transparent transmission mode and gateway control Device processed is communicated, and with reference to the needs of this utility model gateway, this gateway module must support multi-link mode, so selecting STA mode of operations, STA mode are as server using ESP8266, you can to connect multiple client, table 2 be instructed with AT it is right ESP8266 carries out the operating instruction of STA mode configuration.

2 ESP8266 parts AT of table is instructed

(2) gateway controller module software arrangements

Gateway controller is the design core of this utility model gateway, and the quality of software architecture directly affects whole gateway Communication efficiency, gateway controller selects microcontroller chip, and it is the bridge for connecting WiFi module and ZigBee coordinator modules Beam, is connected with the hardware of ESP8266 using its USART3, and USART2 is connected with the hardware of ZigBee coordinators, USART1 conducts Serial communication mode is communicated with PC.Figure 16 is the program flow diagram of whole gateway controller, when software overall procedure is system Clock initialization, interrupt vector table registration function, initialization of (a) serial ports, initialization LCD show, ESP8266 are interrupted by serial ports Mode, configures according to STA mode, after configuration successful, has started the poll work of whole system.In the work of whole poll, by Configured with interrupting reception mode in USART2, USART3 respectively, USART2 receives the gathered data of ZigBee coordinators, Save the data in round-robin queue's buffer area, USART1, USART3 poll work under, by round-robin queue's buffer area Data take out, be uploaded to data monitor center.

During preventing WiFi module and ZigBee coordinator module transceiving datas, work schedule is chaotic, this practicality New that the setting of interrupt priority level has been carried out to USART2, USART3, concrete setting code is as follows：

/********************************************************************

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure；

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2)；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=USART3_IRQn；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=0；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE；

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure)；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel=USART2_IRQn；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority=1；

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd=ENABLE；

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure)；

********************************************************************/

(3) realization of the data buffer area of round-robin queue

In the gateway of this utility model design, controller has used two serial ports to interrupt, between two serial ports, how By the forwarding of data real-time full, this utility model devises two schemes, introduces contrast one by one below.

1. direct pass-through mode

Directly pass-through mode is using a serial ports receiving data, while the data of reception are forwarded by another serial ports Go out.Program realizes flow process as shown in figure 17, and software overall procedure monitors data for serial ports 2, and serial ports 2 is produced in serial ports reception It is disconnected, in the interrupt processing function of serial ports 2, data are forwarded by serial ports 3.

Find in this utility model experiment in this mode：When data transmit-receive interval time is in more than 5s, transmitting-receiving effect Preferably, there is not packet loss rascal phenomenon in fruit；When data transmit-receive interval time is in below 5s, there is packet packet loss rascal existing As.Knowable to Jing analyses, serial data transmission is carried out using interrupt mode, does not meet the as far as possible brief principle of interrupt handling routine, Only with the fixed cycle and send interval time it is longer in the case of, this scheme can be gone.

2. round-robin queue's mode

Round-robin queue's mode is using a serial ports receiving data, while the data of reception are stored in a round-robin queue In buffer area, data are taken out from buffer area by another serial ports.Program realizes flow process as shown in figure 18, and software overall procedure is Serial ports 2 monitors data, and serial ports 2 produces serial ports and receives and interrupts, and in the interrupt processing function of serial ports 2, data is stored in one In round-robin queue's buffer area, serial ports 3 takes out data from data buffer area again, is transmitted, round-robin queue is described in detail below Process and principle that buffer area is set up.

Round-robin queue refers to connected head-to-tail ordered storage structure, and the design defines round-robin queue by a structure Buffer area, the structure are made up of 100 data cells, head pointer, three part of tail pointer, and code is as follows：

Figure 19 is the structure chart of round-robin queue's buffer area, as illustrated, front, rear are respectively directed to the head number of buffer area According to mantissa's evidence, the data segment between front and rear be buffer area caching data, when a data are stored in buffer area, Front adds 1 once, and when a data are taken out, rear subtracts 1 once, when front is equal to rear, represents that buffer area is empty, when (rear+1), when % queues greatest length is equal to front, represent that buffer area is full.

Data acquisition system is carried out using round-robin queue's mode, packet loss rascal phenomenon never occur in data.More than contrast two Data processing method is planted, this utility model employs round-robin queue's mode and carries out data processing, in the experiment in later stage, data are received Send out promptly and accurately, effect is very good.

One big feature of this utility model data monitor center is that the real time remote for realizing server data is shared, i.e., same Realize multi-point monitoring in one LAN, monitored object can be other clients of LAN, equipment includes mobile terminal or individual People PC etc..To realize this function, Surveillance center employs the design that the C/S network architectures are carried out, and C/S frameworks are that one kind compares into Ripe software architecture, is mainly used in LAN.Centralized calculation pattern is experienced before this, with entering for computer network Step and development, there are two-layer C/S and three layers of C/S frameworks in the especially application of visualization tool, but popular always also compared More classical is our two-layer C/S frameworks [49] to be studied.So this utility model employs the two-layer C/S network architecture. Data monitor center (under WiFi modes) needs to be provided simultaneously with two kinds of mode of operations, i.e. pattern 1 (client mode) and pattern 2 (service end).Pattern 1 is that data monitor center connects ZigBee-WiFi gateways (service end) as client, in data monitoring The heart is in communication with each other with ZigBee-WiFi gateways, and gathered data is simultaneously stored in data base；Pattern 2 is data monitor center Used as server, other clients in same LAN pass through IP address and port numbers connect data monitor center (service Device), the real time data for receiving is forwarded by data monitor center, and each client receives forwarding data.

In this utility model, as data monitor center must possess two kinds of mode of operations (client mode and servers Pattern), the design requirement of whole system could be met, in order to realize reception, process and the store tasks and data of data Shared task does not conflict, and improves the operational efficiency of whole system, and this utility model employs multithreading and is designed.Data The main thread of Surveillance center carries out acquisition process and the storage of data by WiFi modes or serial mode, sets up server mould Formula, subsequent system are in listening state, once there is client request to add server, server create new for the client Thread, is set up with client and is connected, carry out data interaction, and when client disconnects server, triggering server terminates thread thing Part, terminate this thread.

In the threading service device of Qt, developed based on QTcpServer and QThread classes.In QTcpServer apoplexy due to endogenous wind, Monitoring to IP address and port, QTcpServer have Virtual Function incomingConnection (), when server is monitored When attempting to set up connection to a client, incomingConnection () function will be called automatically, in the function In be achieved that the foundation [50] of new thread.This utility model is put into newly-built thread in one thread pool, by thread The operation in pond, realizes the management of thread.In QTcpServer apoplexy due to endogenous wind, server sets up socket requests listening to client When, a unique mark socketDescriptor can be distributed for this socket, then socketDescriptor is passed to In Thread, in QThread apoplexy due to endogenous wind, socket connections are set up by socketDescriptor, the foundation of communication is realized.

This utility model has carried out radio sensing network fire monitoring Anti-interference Design simultaneously, specifically includes：

1st, ZigBee and WiFi coexist design

This utility model employs ZigBee-WiFi gateways, along with the presence of other WiFi equipments in building so that Zigbee and Wi-Fi coexistence of systems.If both of which is operated in the ISM band of 2.4GHz, signal interference to each other becomes one Individual serious problem, so Zigbee's and Wi-Fi coexists anti-interference problem and must be resolved.

1.1st, the channel distribution of Zigbee and Wi-Fi

(1) ZigBee channel distributions

IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee) are operated in ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) frequencies Band, it possesses 3 frequency ranges and 27 physical channels, and wherein 868MHz frequency ranges occupy a channel；915MHz frequency ranges are occupied 10 channels, channel spacing is 2MHz；2.4GHz frequency ranges occupy 16 channels, and channel spacing is 5MHz.Concrete channel distribution As shown in table 3.

Table 3 ZigBee (whole world) channel distribution

Channel number	Mid frequency/MHz	Channel spacing/MHz	Upper frequency limit/MHz	Lower-frequency limit/MHz
					K=0	868.3	0	868.6	868.0
K=1,2 ..., 10	906+2(k-1)	2	928.0	902.0
					K=11,12 ..., 26	2401+5(k-11)	5	2483.5	2400.0

Wherein 2.4GHz is global general-use ISM band, and 915MHz is the ISM band of North America, and 896MHz is Europe accreditation ISM band.As we are in CONTINENTAL AREA OF CHINA, so this utility model mainly considers ZigBee (China) in 2.4GHz frequencies The channel distribution of section.

(2) WiFi channel distributions

Channel used by WiFi agreements is concentrated mainly on 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency ranges, simultaneously as countries in the world are for nothing The difference of line radio channel purposes, so the channel open degree of 2.4GHz and 5GHz frequency ranges is also different.As shown in table 4, it is Main Countries WiFi in 2.4GHz band channels distribution situations, the among these existing consideration for national security, also have by The situation that other application takes, as channel shared by ZigBee of the present utility model is in 2.4GHz, so in this analysis Channel distribution situations of the WiFi (China) in 2.4GHz.

4 Main Countries WiFi of table is distributed in 2.4GHz band channels

1.2nd, the Anti jamming Scheme of Zigbee and Wi-Fi

By the channel profile for contrasting ZigBee (China) and WiFi (China), it is seen that, Zigbee's and Wifi Channel overlap region is larger, and Wifi the most frequently used channel is 1,6,11, and which with the non-overlapping part of Zigbee channels can be 4 corners of Wifi channels.Frequency 2.402Ghz is to the left on Wifi borders, 11 channels of correspondence Zigbee, frequency 2.405Ghz.Wifi 3,4 interchannels, frequency is 15 channels of correspondence Zigbee 2.422 between 2.427Ghz, frequency 2.425Ghz.Wifi's 8th, 9 interchannel, frequency correspond to 20 channels of Zigbee, frequency 2.450Ghz for 2.447 between 2.452Ghz.Wifi borders Frequency 2.483Ghz is to the right, 26 channels of correspondence Zigbee, frequency 2.480Ghz, so to be avoided Zigbee from receiving the shadow of Wifi Ring, more satisfactory channel will be configured in 11,15,20,26.While, transmission range more remote principle lower according to frequency range, so Suggestion or distribution are in 11 channels.

Channel can be set in f8wConfig.cfg in Z-stack, and relevant portion is as follows：

/********************************************************************

/*Default channel is Channel 11-0x0B*/

//Channels are defined in the following:

//0:868MHz 0x00000001

//1-10:915MHz 0x000007FE

//11-26:2.4GHz 0x07FFF800

//-DMAX_CHANNELS_868MHZ0x00000001

//-DMAX_CHANNELS_915MHZ 0x000007FE

//-DMAX_CHANNELS_24GHZ0x07FFF800

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x04000000//26-0x1A

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x02000000//25-0x19

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x01000000//24-0x18

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00800000//23-0x17

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00400000//22-0x16

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00200000//21-0x15

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00100000//20-0x14

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00080000//19-0x13

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00040000//18-0x12

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00020000//17-0x11

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00010000//16-0x10

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00008000//15-0x0F

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00004000//14-0x0E

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00002000//13-0x0D

//-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00001000//12-0x0C

The acquiescence of-DDEFAULT_CHANLIST=0x00000800//11-0x0B//here uses the letter that numbering is 11 Road

********************************************************************/

This utility model radio sensing network fire monitoring node deployment is as follows：

The routing algorithm of current ZigBee-network is divided into：AODV(Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing) Routing Protocol and Cluster-Tree algorithms (tree network structure route).AODV Routing Protocols are a kind of pure On-demand routing protocol, using Expand search algorithm come conditional search node, realize that the dynamic between node is spontaneous and route, make Node obtains the routed path for leading to specified target.Cluster-Tree algorithms are counting according to the network address of destination node Calculate the algorithm of next-hop.

AODV Routing Protocols are a kind of demand-based routing agreements, when source node sends packet to destination node, source Node just starts to carry out route querying in a network, after the planning for completing routed path, just carries out packet transmission.AODV roads It is once having the demand for setting up connection, network node will broadcast a connection request, network immediately by the operation principle of agreement In other routing nodes then forward the request message, and store source node address and return the interim routed path of source node. When the routing node for receiving connection request knows the routed path of destination node, will these routed path information according to The path of precedence record returns to source node, and then source node is begun to using the routed path with most short jumping figure.Work as link Break, routing error is just recycled to source node, and source node initiates the process of route querying again.

Cluster-Tree is the cluster tree network topological structure generated by coordinator, it is not necessary to store routing table.The calculation Method principle is as follows：When a routing node, (network address is A, and network depth is d) to receive the forwarding packet that destination address is D When, the routing node first to be judged whether the node that destination address is D is the child node of its own, further according to the knot for judging Fruit takes different modes to process this data.If destination address meets following formula for the node of D：

A ＜ D ＜ A+Cskip (d-1)

Then may determine that address be D node be A addressed nodes a descendent node.

Wherein, L_mIt is network depth capacity, C_mIt is the receptible maximum son node number of parent device；R_mIt is that a father sets Standby receptible maximum route son node number；D is the network depth of equipment.

If result of calculation is unsatisfactory for formula A ＜ D ＜ A+Cskip (d-1), address for D node be A addressed nodes father Node.The packet forwarding measure taken after judgement is as follows：

(1) destination node is the descendent node of itself, if it is the child nodes of A addressed nodes that address is the node of D, The address of so next-hop is exactly destination address；If it is not the child nodes of A addressed nodes that address is the node of D, available Following formula calculates next-hop node address.

Wherein int is bracket function；

(2) destination node is not the descendent node of itself, and routing node is then delivered the father node of oneself by packet Process.

Another kind of point to point network form that the deployment of this utility model meshed network employs ZigBee supports is tree-shaped Topology, tree topology employ the routing algorithm that Cluster-Tree algorithms are combined with AODVjr algorithms, wherein Cluster- Tree algorithms refer to message and are transmitted along tree topology, and which need not store routing table.And AODVjr algorithms are right The Some features of AODV are entered by the improvement of Ad Hoc demand distance vector routing algorithms, it is contemplated that the factor such as energy-conservation and convenience Go simplification, but still remain the original function of AODV.Both algorithms have been packed in ZStack-2007 protocol stacks Cheng Ku, may be selected routing algorithm and communication pattern in its configuration file f8wConfig.cfg.In tree topology, ZigBee coordinators (PAN coordinators) establish initial network, and ZigBee routers constitute branch forwarding information, and ZigBee terminal nodes are as leaf node and are not involved in message route.ZigBee routing nodes can help extend ZigBee coordinations The initial network that device is set up.Data are by A end equipments, the transmitting procedure of B end equipments to coordinator unit, and coordinator unit is this The ZigBee-WiFi gateway devices of utility model.

The node deployment of wireless sensor network should follow the basic demand of national standard specification, be divided in national standard Smoke detector, heat detector, combustible gas sensor, flame sensor.Above detector is based on one by the system node Body, so in deployment, Smoke Sensor voluntarily selects (MQ-2 module and HIS-07 module) according to use environment according to node, Outside smoke removing sensor, the carrying out for not differentiating between type photodetector is disposed, and reduces the trouble that user is judged to detector type selecting.Root According to node test result, this utility model has formulated the node selecting type scheme of different construction areas, as shown in table 5.

The node selecting type scheme of 5 different construction areas of table

In addition to deployment classification suggestion more than, due to the particularity and complexity of interior of building environment, different builds Build deployment scheme to be not quite similar, so while Binding experiment data, should also timely be adjusted according to the test case at scene Deployment scheme, to be optimal the effect of monitoring.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of fire hazard monitoring system, it is characterised in that include：

Node data acquisition system, gathers the multiple physical quantity data related to fire of present position in the way of single node, Including fire sensor module, ZigBee module and power module, wherein, fire sensor module includes related to fire The modular circuit of multiple physical quantitys, ZigBee module adopt single-chip integration scheme, by MCU units, storage element, I/O on piece Interface and RF transceivers composition, power module provide energy for the normal operation of integral node, and power module is according to different sections Point energy consumption takes different designs, is divided into battery and powers and two modes of Alternating Current Power Supply；

Data radio transmission system, based on ZigBee-network and TCP/IP networks, ZigBee-network centered on coordinator node, Gathered data after process is wirelessly sent to ZigBee-network by other nodes, and data are eventually pushed to coordinator Node, subsequent coordinator node transfer data to data monitor center by ZigBee WiFi gateways or serial ports；

Data monitor center, to data processing and storage, carries out monitor in real time, and the warning number based on setting to situation in building Value realizes abnormal nodes Real-time Alarm, and according to the positional information of abnormal nodes, hidden danger region is processed in time；

The ZigBee WiFi gateways are mainly by ZigBee module, WiFi module, gateway controller module, display module four It is grouped into, ZigBee module adopts ZigBee coordinators, is responsible for ZigBee-network and sets up the collection with node data；WiFi module Using integrated chip solution, mainly it is responsible for sending data in the Internet；Gateway controller module be ZigBee module and The bridge of WiFi module, the main data for being responsible for sending ZigBee module are sent to WiFi moulds after transfer process Block；The whole flow process state that display module is configured by liquid crystal display gateway, it is user-friendly；

The ZigBee module is divided into two types with CC2530 as core, in design, and the first is the tradition for being not added with PA ZigBee module, it is relatively spacious for space, require relatively low region to transmission range, be for second plus PA new ZigBee Module, for needing to penetrate wall or floor transfer, and the region to transmission range farther out；In the first type, The hardware peripheral circuit design of CC2530 includes the design of electric source filter circuit, arranges decoupling capacitor in chip circumference and filters The impulse disturbances that High-frequency Interference and chip on CC2530 power supplies is produced to external circuit, and be provided for filtering low frequency and do The electric capacity disturbed, and the 0 Ω inductance of EMC between power supply and IC pins is solved the problems, such as, while connecting 56K's between pin and ground Precision resister, the RF analog circuits for CC2530 provide a bias current；CC2530 two is carried out using impedance matching circuit The connection of individual prevention at radio-frequency port and single port antenna, and constitute balun circuit with capacitor and inductor to realize the single-ended letter of differential signal turn Number, second type is that RFX2401C is increased on the basis of PA modules are not added with as power amplifier chip, by CC2530 P1.4 mouths and P1.5 mouths respectively controlling RXEN the and TXEN ports of RFX2401C, the external 2 decouplings electricity of RFX2401C chips Hold, the RF two ends of RFX2401C separately design an impedance matching circuit, and coupled between antenna portions are realized using π types match circuit, Connection CC2530 parts employ balun circuit carries out impedance matching so that two terminal impedances of RFX2401C are 50 Ω.

2. fire hazard monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the multiple physical quantitys related to fire include Temperature, humidity, smokescope and flame, realize monitoring using Temperature Humidity Sensor, Smoke Sensor and flame sensor, its Middle Temperature Humidity Sensor selects SHT20, Smoke Sensor include suitable for combustible gas detecting MQ-2 sensors and be applied to The HIS-07 sensors of smoke particle detection.

3. fire hazard monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the supply district of the SHT20 is 2.1-3.6V, It is 3.3V from voltage, between power supply and ground connection, connects the decoupling capacitor of a 100nF, and the position of decoupling capacitor is leaned on as far as possible Nearly SHT20, SDA pins are used for the data input of sensor and output, to avoid signal conflict, microprocessor from driving SDA and SCL need to respectively want the pull-up resistor of an outside 10k Ω signal to be lifted to high level, the P1.0 of CC2530 in low level Mouth and P1.1 mouths pin are connected with SCL the and SDA ports of SHT20 respectively；

The direct current signal that the 4 feet output of the MQ-2 changes with smokescope, 4 pins are connected to the I/O pins of CC2530 simultaneously With 2 feet of comparator LM393, the threshold voltage of R6 composition comparators；When smokescope is larger, output voltage is higher than threshold voltage When, comparator output low level, the now bright warnings of LED2；When the output voltage that concentration reduces sensor is less than threshold voltage, Comparator upset output high level, LED2 extinguish；R6 is adjusted to adjust the threshold voltage of comparator, so as to adjust warning output Sensitivity, R1 seal in the heating circuit of sensor with protect heater strip from it is cold electric when impact, the AC pins of MQ-2 modules The P0.7 mouths of CC2530 are connect, the analogue signal for needing can be obtained by A/D conversions in the piece of CC2530；

HIS-07 modules are roughly the same with MQ-2 module principles, and unique difference is the power drives that HIS-07 arranges+a 9V, Extra amplifying circuit is not needed, while being additionally arranged LM393 twin voltage comparators, is sentenced by way of setting threshold value It is disconnected；

The AC pins of the flame sensor connect the P0.0 mouths of CC2530, are converted to needs by A/D in the piece of CC2530 Analogue signal, while being additionally arranged LM393 twin voltage comparators, is judged by way of setting threshold value；

The power module uses positive voltage stabilizing field effect transistor LN317 and AMS1117-3.3 as voltage stabilizing chip.