CN204168103U - A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine - Google Patents
A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN204168103U CN204168103U CN201420484188.7U CN201420484188U CN204168103U CN 204168103 U CN204168103 U CN 204168103U CN 201420484188 U CN201420484188 U CN 201420484188U CN 204168103 U CN204168103 U CN 204168103U
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007634 remodeling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y02T10/641—
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Abstract
A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine, is made up of motor and driving governor two parts.Motor part is primarily of motor shaft, rotor core, magnet exciting coil, bearing, stator cage, stator core, stator coil, conducting ring, and the parts such as carbon brush, electric motor end cap, rotor-position sensor form.Driving governor is made up of rectification filtering unit, rotor-position collecting unit, logic control element, Chopper driving unit, excitation con-trol unit.The drawback that the excitation that the utility model has broken existing brshless DC motor can not regulate, can by regulating the size of additional exciting current, regulate Driving Torque and the speed height of motor, both can export large torque when low speed, and higher rotating speed can be had again.The utility model eliminates expensive permanent-magnet steel, and cost will have significant reduction, and reliability increases.The utility model can be electric automobile field and provides a kind of desirable drive motors.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of direct current machine, particularly a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine.
Background technology
Direct current machine has good speed adjusting performance compared with alternating current machine, extensive in many applications.There is brushless motor excitation winding at stationary part, armature winding is at rotor portion, armature supply will be added in armature winding through engine commutator commutation, and armature supply is operating current, electric current is comparatively large, in commutation process, easily produce commutation spark, engine commutator is easy to burn out, carbon brush will often be changed, and will produce large loss in commutation process, and people have the direct current machine of collector ring to be referred to as brushless motor this.Along with the development of the development of electronic technology, particularly high power device, the commutation of armature electric current is substituted by high-power electronic device, and armature winding is placed on stationary part, and excitation is placed on rotor portion, and replaces with permanent-magnet steel, forms brshless DC motor.
Brshless DC motor is also a kind of direct current machine, has the operating characteristic of direct current machine, and being has the remodeling of brushless motor to regenerate.Brushless DC motor rotor is permanent-magnet steel excitation, stator is armature winding, armature supply will have special brushless direct current motor driver to complete commutation control, brushless direct current motor driver is according to the in good time conducting of the particular location of rotor or turn off corresponding armature winding electric current, motor is made to produce unidirectional power, pushing motor rotor rotates, and drives load running.Brshless DC motor eliminates collector ring carbon brush configuration, eliminate commutation spark, do not need to change carbon brush, reliability raising, efficiency improve, adopting in major part has the occasion of brushless motor progressively to be replaced by for brshless DC motor, and the representational example of most is electric automobile field.Early stage driving motor for electric automobile is mainly there to be brushless motor, this electric motor starting torque is large, be applicable to starting and the hill climbing demands of vehicle, but this motor power consumption is too serious, electric car electric energy is limited, has that brushless motor efficiency is too low to be replaced by alternating-current variable frequency motor soon.Alternating-current variable frequency motor is that common Asynchronous Frequency-variable motor is equipped with variable frequency drives, and this electric efficiency is better than brushless motor, but startability is not good if any brushless motor, efficiency or on the low side, is replaced gradually afterwards by the brshless DC motor that efficiency is higher.
Brshless DC motor with have its excitation compared with brushless motor to be changeless, can not as there being convenient adjustment brushless motor, therefore the governor control characteristics of motor and load characteristic good not as brush motor, its drawback is also apparent.For the power motor of New-energy electric vehicle, when vehicle needs very large torque when starting to walk or climb, but brshless DC motor can not regulate because of magnetic field, and thus this motor can not produce enough large breakaway torque as brush motor, and starting performance and the climbing capacity of vehicle are affected.When vehicle needs to run at high speed at level road, vehicle needs motor rotating speed at this moment wants high, and torque does not need too large, brush motor can improve rotating speed itself by reducing exciting current, and brshless DC motor because of magnetic field constant just cannot rotating speed own carry very high.This just causes the load characteristic of brshless DC motor external characteristic and electric automobile not too to adapt to, but due to brshless DC motor combination property particularly efficiency characteristic be much better than the motor of other kinds, still first select brshless DC motor in electric automobile field at present.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present utility model is dealt with problems and is: for new energy vehicle in the urgent need to, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine (abbreviation motor) is provided, this motor is by permanent magnet excitation constant for brshless DC motor, become variable additional excitation, thus it is little to solve the torque of motor low rate start, the shortcoming that slewing range is little.
Technical solution of the present utility model is: a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine, is made up of motor part and driving governor part.Wherein the rotor core entirety of motor part is fitted on motor shaft after repeatedly filling, magnet exciting coil is fixed on rotor core, bearing is equipped with respectively in the two ends of motor shaft, stator core pressing is in stator cage, stator coil is arranged in the wire casing of stator core, the outer end of electric motor end cap is connected with stator cage, the inner is connected with the outer ring of bearing, motor is made to become as a whole, conducting ring is arranged on motor shaft, on carbon brush mounted motor end cap, on the motor shaft that the rotating part of detecting apparatus for rotor position is fixing, stationary part is fixed on electric motor end cap.Driving governor part is made up of rectification filtering unit, rotor-position collecting unit, logic control element, Chopper driving unit and excitation con-trol unit.Rectification filtering unit, by defeated for power end next alternating current, becomes direct current through rectifying and wave-filtering, as the busbar voltage of driving governor.Motor rotor position signal processes by rotor-position collecting unit, Logic judgment is carried out through logical block, control the size of Chopper driving unit supply current of electric, direction and time, and make the electric current of supply motor orthogonal with motor-field, make motor be in best state all the time and rotate.
Principle of the present utility model is: the brshless DC motor of this electric excitation, its rotor is electric excitation winding, stator is armature winding, armature supply has special brushless direct current motor driver to complete commutation control, this and brushless direct current motor driver are substantially the same, rotor field coil passes through conducting ring additional power source excitation, the torque formula according to motor: T=C
mφ I
In formula: T----motor torque
C
m---the moment coefficient of-motor
The magnetic flux of φ----motor
I----armature input current
When motor needs Driving Torque to increase, when armature supply I is constant, increase the exciting voltage of motor, the exciting current of motor increases, and the main flux Φ of motor increases, and the torque that motor exports just increases.Certainly when the main flux Φ of motor is constant, when increasing armature supply I, also can increase motor torque, be the main flux Φ both having increased motor in real work, and increase armature supply I, at this moment the Driving Torque of motor will be larger simultaneously.
In addition according to winding back emf formula
draw
In formula: n-----motor speed
E-----winding back emf
-----motor electromotive force constant
Φ----motor main flux
Power grid energy acting is absorbed in order to enable motor, the back-emf E of motor can not exceed and adds to electric moter voltage outward, can draw from formula, at applied voltage timing, namely the back-emf E of motor is fixed, the rotating speed of motor main flux more small machine can be higher, as long as reduce the exciting voltage of motor, motor energization current will reduce, and the main flux Φ of motor will reduce, motor speed can raise, and reaches the object of weak magnetic speed-up.
The utility model advantage is compared with prior art: the drawback that the excitation having broken existing brshless DC motor can not regulate, can by regulating the size of additional exciting current, regulate Driving Torque and the speed height of motor, the external characteristic of motor is made to meet the load characteristic of electric automobile especially, both can export large torque when low speed, higher rotating speed can be had again.The utility model eliminates expensive permanent-magnet steel, add magnet exciting coil and conducting ring carbon brush configuration, cost will have significant reduction, because magnet steel exists demagnetization problem, thus there is not the danger of magnet steel demagnetization in the utility model, reliability increases, and goes for the place that temperature is higher.Although the utility model is also provided with conducting ring carbon brush configuration, because exciting current does not need commutation, and the value of exciting current is far smaller than armature supply, thus spark can not be produced between carbon brush and conducting ring, reliability is very high, and this and the original collector ring carbon brush configuration of brushless motor that has are as far apart as heaven and earth.According to the common recognition of people in direct current machine, whether brushless the referring to of brush that have of motor has carbon brush at armature winding, if armature winding is non-carbonate be just called brshless DC motor, although the utility model excitation winding is provided with carbon brush, ownership brshless DC motor series.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the motor part of a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of the driving governor part of a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, the motor part of a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine described in the utility model, be made up of rotor portion and stationary part, rotor portion forms primarily of motor shaft 1, bearing 2, rotor core 3, magnet exciting coil 4, conducting ring 8, and stationary part is primarily of parts compositions such as stator cage 5, stator core 6, stator coil 7, carbon brush 9, electric motor end cap 10, detecting apparatus for rotor position 11.
As shown in Figure 2, the driving governor part of a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine described in the utility model, is made up of rectification filtering unit, Chopper driving unit, rotor-position collecting unit, logic control element and excitation con-trol unit.
Embodiment
A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine described in the utility model, as shown in Figure 1, by being fitted on motor shaft 1 after rotor core 3 entirety repeatedly dress, magnet exciting coil 4 is fixed on rotor core 3, bearing 2 is equipped with at the two ends of motor shaft 1 respectively, and stator core 6 is fitted in stator cage 5, and stator coil 7 is arranged in the wire casing of stator core 6, the outer end of electric motor end cap 10 is connected with stator cage 5, the inner is connected with the outer ring of bearing 2, makes motor become as a whole.Conducting ring 8 is arranged on motor shaft 1, on carbon brush 9 mounted motor end cap 10.On the motor shaft 1 that the rotating part of detecting apparatus for rotor position 11 is fixing, stationary part is fixed on electric motor end cap 10.
When stator coil 7 is at applied voltage, stator coil 7 will have electric current flow through, the magnetic field produced with magnet exciting coil 4 intercouples and produces torque by this electric current, because stator coil 7, stator core 6 are fixed on stator cage 5, stator cage 5 is fixing can not be rotated on the stationary platform, and firmly theoretical according to effect and outbreak, magnet exciting coil 4 will be subject to an opposing torque, rotor driven iron core 3 and motor shaft 1 rotate, and are namely with dynamic load acting.
Conducting ring 8 and rotor core 3, magnet exciting coil 4 coaxial rotating, geo-stationary, conducting ring 8 is connected with wire with magnet exciting coil 4.Carbon brush 9 is made up of carbon brush holder and carbon brush, and carbon brush holder is fixed on electric motor end cap 10, carbon brush and conducting ring sliding contact.Additional exciting current is flowed into electric current in magnet exciting coil 4 by the sliding contact of carbon brush and conducting ring.Change the size of additional exciting current, the magnetic field that just can change motor is strong and weak, when needs motor produces large torque, can increase exciting current, the magnetic field grow of motor, and the torque that motor produces just becomes large.Can reduce exciting current when needs motor speed improves, the magnetic field of motor just dies down, and the rotating speed of motor can raise.
As shown in Figure 2, rectification filtering unit, by defeated for power end next alternating current, becomes direct current through rectifying and wave-filtering, as the busbar voltage of driving governor to driver portion.Motor rotor position signal processes by rotor-position collecting unit, Logic judgment is carried out through logical block, control the size of Chopper driving unit supply current of electric, direction and time, and make the electric current of supply motor orthogonal with motor-field, make motor be in best state all the time and rotate.When motor directly uses direct current, the rectification filtering unit of driver portion can save, and applying direct current is directly connected with the DC bus of driver.
The input of driving governor is connected with mains side, inlet wire on outlet side and motor links together, the rotor-position collecting unit that the rotor-position of motor is fed back to driving governor by the detecting apparatus for rotor position 11 of motor carries out signal transacting, for the size of driving governor output current, direction, time provide foundation, make motor and driving governor form closed-loop system, ensure that motor always works in optimum state.
Excitation con-trol unit is connected with wire with the carbon brush 9 of motor, excitation con-trol unit exports exciting current according to motor speed, torque, armature supply size, direction of rotation to Electric Machine Control, and change the size and Orientation of exciting current, make motor export high pulling torque or high rotating speed or the multiple operating state such as forward torque or plugging torque.
Driving governor and motor not can be used alone, and both are combined into a complete system.
Driving governor is generally placed near motor, also can be placed in motor internal.
Claims (2)
1. an electric exciting brushless direct current machine, be made up of motor part and driving governor part, it is characterized in that: motor part is primarily of parts compositions such as motor shaft (1), bearing (2), rotor core (3), magnet exciting coil (4), stator cage (5), stator core (6), stator coil (7), conducting ring (8), carbon brush (9), electric motor end cap (10), detecting apparatus for rotor position (11), be fitted on motor shaft (1) after rotor core (3) entirety repeatedly fills, magnet exciting coil (4) is fixed on rotor core (3), bearing (2) is equipped with at the two ends of motor shaft (1) respectively, stator core (6) is fitted in stator cage (5), stator coil (7) is arranged in the wire casing of stator core (6), the outer end of electric motor end cap (10) is connected with stator cage (5), the inner is connected with the outer ring of bearing (2), motor is made to become as a whole, conducting ring (8) is arranged on motor shaft (1), on carbon brush (9) mounted motor end cap (10), on the motor shaft (1) that the rotating part of detecting apparatus for rotor position (11) is fixing, stationary part is fixed on electric motor end cap (10), driving governor part is made up of rectification filtering unit, rotor-position collecting unit, logic control element, Chopper driving unit and excitation con-trol unit.
2. a kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the input of driving governor is connected with power supply, output is connected with motor inlet wire, and driver can be positioned near motor, also can be placed in motor internal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420484188.7U CN204168103U (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420484188.7U CN204168103U (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN204168103U true CN204168103U (en) | 2015-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420484188.7U Expired - Fee Related CN204168103U (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | A kind of electric exciting brushless direct current machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN204168103U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105375731A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-03-02 | 马力 | Electrical excitation brushless DC motor |
| CN108777532A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Rotor uses the direct current motor system and excitation control method of Alternating Current Excitation |
| CN111711303A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-25 | 杭州精导智能科技有限公司 | Hollow cup brushless DC motor with locking device |
-
2014
- 2014-08-21 CN CN201420484188.7U patent/CN204168103U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105375731A (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-03-02 | 马力 | Electrical excitation brushless DC motor |
| CN108777532A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-11-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Rotor uses the direct current motor system and excitation control method of Alternating Current Excitation |
| CN111711303A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-25 | 杭州精导智能科技有限公司 | Hollow cup brushless DC motor with locking device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20160113 Address after: 271000 Taishan Youth Development Zone, Tai'an District, Shandong, China, Patentee after: Tai'an sunshine Power Motor Co., Ltd. Address before: 271022 Tai'an Shandong youth pioneer garden Tai'an sunshine Power Motor Co., Ltd. Patentee before: Ma Li |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150218 Termination date: 20190821 |