CN1968688A - 脂肪酸去饱和酶在玉米中的表达 - Google Patents
脂肪酸去饱和酶在玉米中的表达 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1968688A CN1968688A CNA2005800192091A CN200580019209A CN1968688A CN 1968688 A CN1968688 A CN 1968688A CN A2005800192091 A CNA2005800192091 A CN A2005800192091A CN 200580019209 A CN200580019209 A CN 200580019209A CN 1968688 A CN1968688 A CN 1968688A
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- corn seed
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Abstract
本发明总的来讲涉及去饱和酶在转基因玉米植物中的表达及由其获得的组合物。具体地讲,本发明涉及玉米植物中含有改进的ω-3脂肪酸分布型的油的生产及由该玉米植物所产生的种子油。这样的油可含有对健康产生有益作用但天然玉米植物中并不存在的顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸。
Description
发明背景
本申请要求2004年4月16日申请的美国临时专利申请第60/563,135号的优先权,所述临时申请的全部内容通过引用具体结合到本文中。
1.发明领域
本发明总的来讲涉及调节长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)的双键数目和双键位置的去饱和酶在玉米中的表达及由其获得的组合物。
2.相关技术描述
大多数生物中,脂肪酸生物合成的初级产物为16碳和18碳的化合物。这些脂肪酸的链长与不饱和度的相对比率在品种间变化很大。例如,哺乳动物主要是产生饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸,而大多数高等植物则产生具有一、二或三个双键的脂肪酸,后两种脂肪酸包括多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)。
两个重要的PUFA家族为ω-3脂肪酸(也称为“n-3”脂肪酸),例如二十碳五烯酸(EPA,20:4,n-3),和ω-6脂肪酸(也称为“n-6”脂肪酸),例如花生四烯酸(ARA,20:4,n-6)。PUFA是细胞质膜和脂肪组织的重要成分,它们分别以诸如磷脂和甘油三酯的形式存在于在细胞质膜和脂肪组织中。PUFA是哺乳动物正常发育,特别是婴儿大脑发育及组织形成和修复所必需的。
一些疾病用脂肪酸治疗后会有所起色。补充PUFA则显示可减少血管成形术后再狭窄的比率。文件中还详细记载了某些膳食ω-3脂肪酸对心血管疾病和类风湿性关节炎健康有益(Simopoulos,1997;James等,2000)。此外,曾提出用PUFA治疗哮喘和银屑病。有证据表明PUFA可参与钙代谢,这提示PUFA可用于治疗或预防骨质疏松症和肾结石或尿道结石。多数对健康有益的证据涉及鱼和鱼油中的长链ω-3脂肪、EPA和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,22:6)。基于这一论据,有关国家的卫生当局和营养学家推荐在膳食消耗中增加这些PUFA:加拿大(科学评论委员会(Scientific Review Committee),1990,营养推荐(Nutrition Recommendations),国家卫生福利部(Minister ofNational Health and Welfare),Canada,Ottowa)、欧洲(de Deckerer等,1998)、英国(英国营养基金会(The British NutritionFoundation),1992,不饱和脂肪酸——营养和生理学的意义:英国营养基金会特别工作报告(Unsaturated fatty-acids-nutritional andphysiological significance:The report of the British NutritionFoundation′s Task Force),Chapman and Hall,London)和美国(Simopoulos等,1999)。
还可用PUFA治疗糖尿病(美国专利第4,826,877号;Horrobin等,1993)。已经证实在患糖尿病的动物中,脂肪酸代谢和脂肪酸组成发生改变。这些改变被认为与糖尿病引起的某些长期并发症有关,包括视网膜病、神经病、肾病和生殖系统损害。含有γ-亚麻酸(GLA,18:3,Δ6,9,12)的樱草油,显示出预防糖尿病性神经损害并使之逆转。
亚油酸(LA,18:2,Δ9,12)和α-亚麻酸(ALA,18:3,Δ9,12,15)等PUFA,被认为是膳食的必需脂肪酸,因为哺乳动物缺乏合成这些脂肪酸的能力。然而一旦摄入,哺乳动物便有能力使LA和ALA进行代谢形成n-6和n-3家族的长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA)。这些LC-PUFA是重要的细胞成分,使膜具有流动性,并作为有生物活性的类二十烷酸(例如前列腺素、前列环素和白三烯)的前体发挥作用,调节正常的生理机能。花生四烯酸是合成类二十烷酸的主要前体,类二十烷酸包括白三烯、前列腺素和血栓烷,它还在炎症过程中发挥作用。给予SDA等ω-3脂肪酸,显示抑制白三烯的生物合成(美国专利第5,158,975号)。SDA的消耗显示可引起促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β的血液水平降低(美国申请第20040039058号)。
哺乳动物中,LC-PUFA的形成受Δ6-去饱和步骤速度的限制,该步骤将LA转化为γ-亚麻酸(GLA,18:3,Δ6,9,12),将ALA转化为SDA(18:4,Δ6,9,12,15)。许多生理和病理状况显示进一步抑制这一代谢步骤,从而抑制LC-PUFA的产生。为了克服限速步骤,提高EPA的组织水平,可消耗大量的ALA。然而,因为在提高人体组织的EPA水平方面,SDA比ALA的有效性高达约四倍,所以只消耗适量的SDA,就可以提供有效的EPA来源(美国申请第20040039058号)。在同一研究中,给予SDA还能够提高二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)这一EPA延伸产物的组织水平。或者,通过膳食补充EPA或DHA,避开Δ6-去饱和作用,可有效减轻许多与低水平PUFA有关的病理疾病。然而,由于种种原因,现有PUFA的来源途径不尽如人意,下面将加以详述。对可靠且经济的PUFA源的需求,刺激了对选择性PUFA源的兴趣。
大多重要的长链PUFA包括主要存在于不同种类鱼油的DHA和EPA,以及存在于被孢霉属(Mortierella)等丝状真菌的ARA。各种各样的DHA来源,包括各种海洋生物、从冷水性海鱼和蛋黄部分中获得的油都用于商品中。SDA的商用来源包括毛束草属(Trichodesma),琉璃苣属(Borago(borage))和蓝蓟属(Echium)植物。然而,有关天然来源的PUFA商品有几个缺点。天然来源的PUFA,例如动植物源,异质油组成高。因此,从这类来源获得的油可能需要进行大规模纯化,才能分离出一种以上所需的PUFA,或生产出富含一种以上PUFA的油。
天然来源的PUFA在可得性方面还会遇到不受控制的波动。鱼类资源会经历自然变化,或会因渔捞过度而耗尽。另外,即使其治疗益处的证据比比皆是,但有关ω-3脂肪酸的膳食建议仍未得到重视。鱼油具有令人不愉快的味道和气味,这种味道和气味又不能经济地从所需的产品中分离出,因此只能提供这种令人不满意的产品作为食物补充剂。动物油,特别是鱼油,可造成环境污染物堆积。食品可富含鱼油,但同样,由于成本和全球鱼类资源减少,这类富含鱼油的食品也是一个问题。这一问题还妨碍了整条鱼的消费和食用。虽然如此,如果大众接受了增加鱼摄入的健康信息,满足对鱼的需求就可能出现问题。而且,过于依赖野生鱼类资源的水产业的可持续性发展也会出现问题(Naylor等,2000)。
其它的自然局限性支持新的生产ω-3脂肪酸的方法。气候和疾病可引起鱼资源和植物资源的产量发生波动。用于产油作物轮作生产的可耕地受到的竞争压力来自人口的稳定增长和随之而来食物生产对剩余耕地需求的增加。琉璃苣等确实产生PUFA的作物,并不适宜商业化种植,单作情况也不理想。因此,如果可种植更有利可图,更利于生长的作物时,则不具备种植该作物的经济竞争性。被孢霉属等生物的大规模发酵也很昂贵。天然动物组织的ARA含量低,难以加工。紫球藻属(Porphyridium)和被孢霉属等微生物难以进行工业规模的培养。
许多酶参与PUFA的生物合成。油酸(OA,18:1,Δ9)通过Δ12去饱和酶形成LA(18:2,Δ9,12),而LA则通过Δ15去饱和酶形成ALA(18:3,Δ9,12,15)。LA和ALA通过Δ6去饱和酶形成SDA(18:4,Δ6,9,12,15)和GLA(18:3,Δ6,9,12)。然而,如上所述,哺乳动物不能使Δ9以外的位置去饱和,因此不能使油酸转变成LA。同样,哺乳动物无法合成ALA。其它真核生物,包括真菌和植物,具有碳12和碳15位置去饱和的酶。因此,动物的大多数多不饱和脂肪酸都来自食物,通过膳食LA和ALA随后的去饱和及链延伸得到。
已有各种去饱和酶编码基因的记载。例如,美国专利第5,952,544号中描述了从油菜(Brassica napus)中分离和克隆的编码脂肪酸去饱和酶的核酸片段。′544专利中核酸片段的表达导致ALA的积累。然而,表达油菜Δ15去饱和酶的转基因植物中,遗留了大量未被去饱和酶转化的LA。已经证实,某些真菌Δ15去饱和酶在植物中表达时,能够将LA转化成ALA。具体地讲,粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)和构巢曲霉(Aspergillus(Emericella)nidulans)中的真菌Δ15去饱和酶是有效的(国际公布号WO 03/099216,其内容通过引用结合到本文中)。ALA水平升高,使Δ6去饱和酶(当与编码Δ15去饱和酶的核酸进行共表达时)作用于ALA,从而产生较高水平的SDA。由于SDA的有益用途众多,因此有需要大幅提高SDA的产量。
人们一直在寻找来源于不同的资源用于增加SDA产量的核酸。已从真菌高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)(美国专利第6,075,183号)和植物樱草属(Primula)(国际公布号WO 05/021761,其内容通过引用结合到本文)中分离出编码Δ6去饱和酶的基因。这表明在酵母和植物中,能够将ALA转化为SDA。
因此,有利的是获取与PUFA生物合成有关的基因材料,在植物系统中,具体地讲,是在基于土地的陆生作物植物系统中表达分离出来的材料,可对这一系统进行操作以提供一种以上商业用量的PUFA产品。人与动物也需要增加ω-3脂肪的摄取。因此,有需要提供大量富含ω-3的食物和食物补充剂,使人和动物可选择符合其日常饮食习惯的饲料、饲料成分、食品和食品成分。特别有益的是增加了SDA的种子油和膳食。
目前可从植物油中获得的只有一种ω-3脂肪酸,即ALA。然而,摄取ALA后不能很好地转化为链更长的ω-3脂肪酸例如EPA和DHA。同时待审的美国申请第20040039058号“炎性疾病的治疗和预防(Treatment And Prevention Of Inflammatory Disorders)”中已证实,利用亚麻籽油提高大众ALA的摄入量达平均1g/天~14g/天,血浆磷脂EPA的水平仅适度提高。ALA摄入增加14倍导致血浆磷脂EPA增加2倍(Manzioris等,1994)。因此,最终需要利用脂肪酸去饱和酶、编码脂肪酸去饱和酶的基因和产生脂肪酸去饱和酶的重组方法,生产有效的和商业上可行的PUFA产品。还需要含特定PUFA相对比例较高的油,及含这类油的食品和饲料组合物及补充剂。另还需要经济可行的生产特定PUFA的方法。
尽管如上所述,ω-3脂肪酸的生产效率低、产量低,但是通过陆生食物链生产ω-3脂肪酸,特别是生产SDA,是有利于公共卫生事业的。正如以上所描述的,SDA之所以重要,是因为从ALA到EPA的转化量低。这是因为人体内转化的起始酶,即Δ6-去饱和酶的活性低,是限速酶。研究证实,小鼠及大鼠中Δ6-去饱和酶底物ALA转化为EPA,不如其产物SDA转化为EPA有效,这一研究为Δ6-去饱和酶是限速酶提供了证据(Yamazaki等,1992;Huang,1991)。
玉米等某些种子油完全缺乏SDA或其它重要的ω-3脂肪酸,因此,本领域非常需要包含具有改进的PUFA分布型(profile)的种子油的植物。可利用所述油生产富含ω-3脂肪酸的食品和食物补充剂,消耗这些食品有效地提高了EPA的组织水平。所有用富含ω-3的油生产或配制的食品和食物,例如牛奶、人造奶油和香肠,都将有益于健康。还可以使用具有富含ω-3脂肪酸的提炼油或碾碎谷物或全脂谷物(full-fat grain)的动物饲料,有效地提高了EPA的组织水平,有益于牲畜的健康及产量。因此,为了生产富含PUFA的油,十分需要新的表达去饱和酶的植物。
发明概要
一方面,本发明提供含有顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸(stearidonicacid)的内源玉米种子油。在本发明的某些实施方案中,玉米种子油含有约0.1%至约33%的顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸,在另一些实施方案中可含约5%至约15%、约5%至约10%、约7.5%至约12%、约10%至约15%、约12%至约15%、约10%至约33%、约15%至约33%、约15%至约32%、约20%至约33%、约20%至约30%、约25%至约30%和约25%至约33%的顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸,包括全部中间值以及下表所示数值。本发明提供的内源玉米种子油还含有γ-亚麻酸。本发明的某些实施方案中,油中γ-亚麻酸的含量可为约0.01%至约7.5%和约0.01%至约5%,包括低于约5%和低于约3%,尤其包括全部中间值和下表所示数值。本发明的某些实施方案中,α-亚麻酸的含量可低于约5%、10%、15%或20%。
本发明的另一些实施方案中,本发明的玉米种子油中顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸与γ-亚麻酸的比率可为约1∶1至约10∶1、约2∶1至约10∶1、约3∶1至约5∶1或至少约3∶1。本发明提供的玉米种子油另含有ω-3脂肪酸与ω-6脂肪酸的比率约0.5%∶1至约10∶1、约5∶1至约10∶1和至少约5∶1。
本发明的另一方面提供生产含有改进的PUFA分布型的玉米种子油的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:(a)得到本发明的植物种子;(b)从所述种子中提取所述油。在本发明某些实施方案中,优选的转化这类植物细胞的方法包括使用土壤杆菌属(Agrobacterium)的Ti和Ri质粒、电穿孔和高速弹道轰击(high-velocity ballistic bombardment)。
又一方面,本发明提供产生含有ω-3脂肪酸水平发生改变的种子油的玉米植物的方法,该方法包括将本发明的重组载体导入产油植物中。在该方法中,导入重组载体可以包括遗传转化。在一个实施方案中,转化包括以下步骤:(a)用本发明的重组载体转化植物细胞;(b)用植物细胞再生植株,其中,相对于未用载体转化的相同基因型的对应植物,该植物的ω-3脂肪酸水平发生改变。该植物还被定义为用编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽的核酸序列转化的植物,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳12和/或碳15去饱和。所述植物的SDA和GLA含量可以增加。该方法还包括将重组载体导入多种玉米植物中,从遗传了重组载体的植物或其子代中,筛选出具有所需ω-3脂肪酸分布型的植物。
再有另一方面,本发明提供增加供人或动物消耗的食用产品的营养值的方法,所述方法包括在食用产品中加入本发明提供的玉米种子油。在某些实施方案中,该产品是人和/或动物的食物。食用产品还可为动物饲料和/或食品补充剂。本方法中,所述油可增加食用产品的SDA含量和/或可增加食用产品中ω-3脂肪酸与ω-6脂肪酸的比率。在加入所述油之前,该食用产品可能缺乏SDA。
再有另一方面,本发明提供制造食品或饲料的方法,所述方法包括在生产食品或饲料的食品或饲料的原料成分中,加入本发明提供的玉米种子油。在某些实施方案中,该方法还被称为制造食品和/或饲料的方法。本发明还提供通过本发明方法生产的食品或饲料。
再有另一方面,本发明包括向人或动物提供SDA的方法,所述方法包括将本发明的种子油给予人或动物。本方法中,在食品或饲料等食用组合物中加入该种子油。食品的实例包括饮料、浸制食品、酱油、调味品、色拉调味料、果汁、糖浆、甜点心、挂糖霜(icings)和馅料(fillings)、软质冷冻产品、糖果或中间食品(intermediate food)。食用组合物基本上是液体或固体。食用组合物也可以是食品补充剂和/或营养制品。本方法中,可将种子油给予人和/或动物。可给予种子油的动物的实例包括牲畜或家禽。
另一方面,可从用分离的核酸转化的植物中获得本发明的玉米种子油,此核酸编码能够使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和的多肽(Δ6-去饱和酶)。在一个实施方案中,可采用从樱草(Primula sp.)中分离出来的,具有独特去饱和酶活性的分离的多核苷酸序列。在某些实施方案中,所述分离的多核苷酸是从例如樱草(Primula juliae)中分离出来的。在本发明另外的某些实施方案中,所述多核苷酸编码多肽,该多肽与SEQ ID NO:3和/或SEQ ID NO:4多肽序列有至少90%同源性,包括与这些多肽序列有至少约92%、95%、98%和99%的同源性。相对于亚油酸,这类序列对α亚麻酸可具有底物特异性。在某些实施方案中,相对于亚油酸,对α-亚麻酸的底物特异性至少为2∶1,包括约2∶1至约2.9∶1。
又一方面,玉米植物是用分离的多核苷酸转化的,该多核苷酸编码具有去饱和酶活性且使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和的多肽,并且包括选自以下的序列:(a)编码SEQ ID NO:3或SEQ ID NO:4多肽的多核苷酸;(b)含有SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2核酸序列的多核苷酸;(c)在5X SSC、50%甲酰胺和42℃的条件下,与SEQ ID NO:1或SEQ ID NO:2或其互补序列杂交的多核苷酸。
又一方面,本发明提供选自以下的分离的多核苷酸:(a)含有SEQID NO:8核酸序列的多核苷酸;(b)在5X SSC、50%甲酰胺和42℃的条件下,与SEQ ID NO:8杂交的多核苷酸,其中所述多核苷酸编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和;(c)与SEQ ID NO:8的核酸序列有至少90%序列同一性的多核苷酸,其中所述多核苷酸编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和;(d)序列(a)、序列(b)或序列(c)的互补序列。在一个实施方案中,该多核苷酸可含有SEQ ID NO:9的核酸序列。本发明还提供含有该多核苷酸的重组构建体和转基因植物,以及由这种植物产生的种子油。
再有一方面,玉米植物是用含有本发明分离的多核苷酸的重组载体转化的。本文所用术语“重组载体”,包括希望导入宿主细胞、组织和/或生物体的任何DNA重组区段,特别包括从起始多核苷酸分离的表达盒。重组载体可为线状或环状。从各个方面看,重组载体可包含选自以下的至少一种附加序列:与多核苷酸操作性偶联(operatively coupled)的调节序列;与多核苷酸操作性偶联的选择标记;与多核苷酸操作性偶联的标记序列;与多核苷酸操作性偶联的纯化部分;和与多核苷酸操作性偶联的引导序列(targeting sequence)。
再有一方面,本发明提供用本文所述的多核苷酸转化的玉米细胞。在又一实施方案中,除多核苷酸外,还用含组成型和组织特异性启动子的重组载体转化细胞。在本发明的某些实施方案中,该细胞还可进一步定义为是用编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽的核酸序列转化的,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳12和/或碳15去饱和。
附图简述
以下附图是本说明书的组成部分,用于进一步说明本发明的某些方面。可以通过引用一幅或多幅附图,结合本文具体实施方案的详细描述,加深对本发明的理解。可从下述附图的描述中,更充分地理解本发明:
图1表示载体pMON82812的图谱。
图2表示载体pMON78175的图谱。
图3表示载体pMON78171的图谱。
发明详述
本发明通过提供PUFA含量增加的植物的培育方法和组合物及其所产生的种子油,克服了现有技术的局限性。本发明的一个实施方案中,申请人提供了转基因玉米(Zea mays)植物,该种植物产生含顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸(SDA)的内源玉米种子油,还可含有γ-亚麻酸(GLA)。这一点很重要,因为玉米种子油通常缺乏这些组分,而这些组分的每一种对健康都非常有益。玉米种子油是内源的,因为无需从外部加入SDA等,就可以由玉米种子产生。这一内源油可以是一种能用作食品和饲料成分的提取油组合物,所以有益于人或动物的健康。因此,植物等生物脂肪酸含量的变化提供改善营养及有利于健康等多种益处。根据本发明,可利用脂肪酸含量的变化,在玉米等植物、植物部分和植物产品(包括植物种子油)中使所需的PUFA达到有益水平或得到PUFA所需的分布型。例如,当植物的种子组织中产生所需的PUFA时,就可从这种通常导致油中所需PUFA含量高,或油中具有所需的脂肪酸含量或分布型的种子中分离出油,进而可用于食品和其它产品以提供有益的特性。本发明特别提供含SDA的内源玉米种子油。
本发明的各方面包括使细胞PUFA含量发生改变的方法和组合物,例如使玉米植物细胞PUFA含量发生改变的方法和组合物。本发明涉及的组合物包括将新的分离的多核苷酸序列和多核苷酸构建体引入植物和/或植物部分中。该分离的多核苷酸的实例为樱草属脂肪酸去饱和酶,例如樱草属Δ6-去饱和酶。按照本发明制备的玉米细胞,可包含其它脂肪酸去饱和酶,包括已知的Δ6去饱和酶,例如源自高山被孢霉的Δ6去饱和酶。发明人特别揭示了不同的Δ6和Δ15脂肪酸去饱和酶的表达产生含SDA的玉米种子油。因此,本发明的某些实施方案提供用Δ6和Δ15脂肪酸去饱和酶的编码序列转化的玉米植物和细胞。在本发明的一个实施方案中,Δ15-去饱和酶可得自粗糙脉孢菌和构巢曲霉等真菌源。本发明多个实施方案中,可联合使用去饱和酶多核苷酸和编码多肽,这通常取决于宿主细胞、可利用的底物和所需的终产物。“去饱和酶”是指在一种以上脂肪酸的相邻碳原子间,能够去饱和或催化形成双键,产生单不饱和或多不饱和脂肪酸或其前体的多肽。特别重要的是能够催化油酸转化为LA、LA转化为ALA或者ALA转化为SDA的多肽,这包括在12、15或6位上催化去饱和作用的酶。术语“多肽”是指任何氨基酸链,不论长度或翻译后修饰(例如糖基化或磷酸化)。选择特定的具有去饱和酶活性的多肽所要考虑的方面包括但不限于多肽的最适pH、多肽是否为限速酶或其组分、所用去饱和酶是否是合成所需的PUFA所必需的和/或多肽是否需要辅因子等。表达多肽优选具有与其所处宿主细胞位置的生化环境相容的特征。例如,多肽可能必须竞争才能得到底物。
可考虑对所研究多肽的Km和比活进行分析,确定指定多肽适用于改变指定宿主细胞PUFA的产量、水平或分布型的程度。在特定情况下使用的多肽,是一种能够在所用宿主细胞现有条件下发挥特殊功能的多肽,但另一方面,还可以是任一种去饱和酶多肽,它具有所需的特征,或能够改变所需PUFA的相对产量、水平或分布型或本文所述的任何其它所需的特征。表达酶的底物可以由宿主细胞产生,或者可以通过外源提供。为了实现表达,本发明的多肽是由下述多核苷酸编码的。
本发明的另一方面,可以使用含有核酸或其片段的载体,该载体含有启动子、去饱和酶编码序列和终止区,用于转移到该启动子和终止区能起作用的生物体中。因此,本发明提供产生重组Δ6-去饱和酶的玉米植物。本发明所提供的该Δ6-去饱和酶编码序列的实例是在玉米的表达达到最优化的SEQ ID NO:8和SEQ ID NO:9。因此,本发明特别提供有该序列的核酸,以及与这些序列有至少90%序列同一性,包括至少93%、95%、98%和99%序列同一性的核酸。可用序列分析软件,例如GCG Wisconsin Package序列分析软件包(Accelrys,San Diego,CA)、MEGAlign(DNAStar,Inc.,1228 S.Park St.,Madison,Wis.53715)和MacVector(Oxford Molecular Group,2105 S.BascomAvenue,Suite 200,Campbell,Calif. 95008)等,进行多肽或多核苷酸比较,确定同一性。这类软件通过比对相似性或同一性程度,从中找出相似的序列。
可以提供整合到宿主细胞基因组或在宿主细胞中自主复制(例如附加型复制)的核酸构建体。为了产生ALA和/或SDA,通常使用的表达盒(即编码蛋白质的多核苷酸,它与指导多核苷酸表达的核酸序列操作性连接(operatively linked))包括提供使编码Δ6-去饱和酶和/或Δ15-去饱和酶的多核苷酸表达的表达盒。在某些实施方案中,宿主细胞可以具有野生型油酸含量。
根据本文提供的方法,构建用于去饱和酶表达的表达载体的方法和组合物,对于本领域普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。本文所述的表达载体是工程DNA或RNA分子,用于控制所需多核苷酸(例如编码去饱和酶的多核苷酸)的表达。载体的实例包括质粒、噬菌体、黏粒或病毒。本发明也包括穿梭载体(例如Wolk等,1984;Bustos等,1991)。载体及其制备和使用方法的综述可参见Sambrook等(2001);Goeddel(1990);Perbal(1988)。能够实现多核苷酸表达的序列元件包括启动子、增强子元件、上游激活序列、转录终止信号和聚腺苷酸化位点。
编码去饱和酶的多核苷酸可处于强启动子的转录控制之下。某些情况下,这将导致去饱和酶增加表达量,作为酶催化反应的结果,伴随而来的是所产生的脂肪酸增加。这类启动子的实例包括35SCaMV(花椰菜花叶病毒)、34S FMV(玄参花叶病毒)(参见例如美国专利第5,378,619号,该专利的内容全部结合到本文中)和Lec(来自玉米)。植物的启动子序列多种多样,可在转基因植物中驱动编码去饱和酶的多核苷酸进行组织特异性表达。事实上,在本发明的具体实施方案中,所用的启动子为种子特异性启动子。在这一方面可以使用的启动子的实例包括例如下述基因的5′调节区:在植物种子成熟过程中进行调节的油菜籽蛋白(napin)(Kridl等,Seed Sci.Res.1:209:219,1991)、菜豆蛋白(Bustos等,Plant Cell,1(9):839-853,1989)、大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(Riggs等,Plant Cell,1(6):609-621,1989)、ACP(Baerson等,Plant Mol.Biol.,22(2):255-267,1993)、硬酯酰-ACP去饱和酶(Slocombe等,Plant Physiol.104(4):167-176,1994)、大豆β-伴大豆球蛋白(conglycinin)的α亚基(P-Gm7S,参见例如Chen等,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.83:8560-8564,1986)、Vicia fabaUSP(P-Vf.Usp,参见例如SEQ ID NO:1、2和3,美国专利申请10/429,516)、球蛋白启动子(参见例如Belanger和Kriz,Genet.129:863-872(1991)、大豆β-伴大豆球蛋白的α亚基(7Sα)(美国专利申请10/235,618,其内容通过引用结合到本文中)、大麦种子peroxidinPER1启动子(参见例如Stacey等,Plant Mol.Biol,31:1205-1216,1996)和玉米(Zea mays)L3油质蛋白启动子(P-Zm.L3,参见例如Hong等,Plant Mol.Biol,34(3):549-555,1997;另参见美国专利第6,433,252号,该文献内容通过引用具体结合在本文中)。
在胚乳中高度表达的启动子的实例包括玉米醇溶蛋白编码基因的启动子,玉米醇溶蛋白是在玉米胚乳中发现的一类贮藏蛋白。已经分离出玉米醇溶蛋白基因的基因组克隆(Pedersen等,Cell,29:1015-1026(1982)和Russell等,Transgenic Res.6(2):157-168),本发明还可以使用源自这些克隆的启动子,包括15kD、16kD、19kD、22kD和27kD的基因,在胚乳中表达(参见例如美国专利第6,326,527号,其内容通过引用全部具体结合到本文中)。其它已知在玉米和其它植物中发挥作用的合适的启动子包括下述基因的启动子:waxy(颗粒结合型淀粉合酶)、Brittle和Shrunken 2(ADP葡糖焦磷酸化酶)、Shrunken 1(蔗糖合酶)、分支酶I和II、淀粉合酶、脱支酶、油质蛋白、谷蛋白、蔗糖合酶(Yang等,1990)、Betl1(基部胚乳转移层(basalendosperm transfer layer))和球蛋白1。本领域技术人员已知的用于本发明实践中的其它启动子也包括在本发明范围内。
普通技术人员能够确定适用于在具体宿主细胞内表达的载体和调节元件(包括操作性连接的启动子和编码区)。本文中,“操作性连接(operatively linked)”是指启动子序列和终止子序列有效地发挥调节转录的功能。另一实例中,适于在转基因玉米植物中表达Δ6和/或Δ15去饱和酶的载体,可以含有种子特异性启动子序列,所述启动子序列与去饱和酶编码区操作性连接,还与种子贮藏蛋白终止信号或胭脂碱合酶终止信号操作性连接。在又一实例中,用于植物中去饱和酶表达的载体可含组成型启动子或组织特异性启动子,所述启动子与去饱和酶编码区操作性连接,还与组成型或组织特异性终止子或胭脂碱合酶终止信号操作性连接。
本文所公开的核苷酸序列或调节元件的修饰也落入本文的范围,核苷酸序列或调节元件经修饰后仍保持本文所述的功能。这类修饰包括插入、取代和缺失,特别是引起遗传密码简并的取代。
本领域的普通技术人员熟知构建这类重组载体的标准技术,例如可以参照Sambrook等(2001)或随处可查的众多有关重组DNA技术的任一种实验室手册。还有大量连接DNA片段的方法供查寻,选择何种方法取决于DNA片段的末端性质。本发明所考虑还包括核酸载体中有助于克隆、表达或加工的其它核苷酸序列元件,例如信号肽编码序列、内质网中保持蛋白质所必需的KDEL编码序列或将Δ6-去饱和酶引导至叶绿体上的转运肽编码序列。这类序列对于本领域普通技术人员来说是已知的。例如,Van den Broeck等(1985)描述了最优化的转运肽。Michaelis等(1982)揭示了原核信号序列和真核信号序列。
一旦分离出所需的基因组DNA或cDNA,就可用已知的方法进行测序。本领域中,一般认为这类方法易出现误差,因此对同一区,尤其是对具有重复域、大量的二级结构或异常碱基组成的区,例如GC碱基含量高的区,进行多重测序是一种常规做法,期望从所推导的序列中得出出错率。当出现差异时,可以重新测序,并可采用特殊方法。特殊方法可以包括通过下述方法改变测序条件:不同的温度;不同的酶;能够改变寡核苷酸形成高级结构的蛋白质;修饰的核苷酸,例如ITP或甲基化dGTP等;不同的凝胶组成,例如加入甲酰胺;不同的引物或位于与问题区不同距离的引物;或不同的模板,例如单链DNA。也可采用对mRNA进行测序。
某些或所有具有去饱和酶活性的多肽的编码序列可得自天然来源。然而在某些情况下,需要对所有或部分密码子进行修饰,例如使用宿主偏好的密码子增强表达。可从在特定宿主品种和/或目标组织中进行蛋白质表达时,量最大且频率最高的密码子中,确定宿主偏好的密码子。因此,可以全部或部分合成具有去饱和酶活性的多肽的编码序列。也可合成全部或部分DNA,除去可能存在于转录mRNA二级结构中的任何不稳定序列或不稳定区。还可合成全部或部分DNA,改变碱基组成成为所需宿主细胞中较偏好的碱基组成。文献资料中大量记载了用于序列合成和序列连接的方法。可采用体外诱变和选择、定点诱变或其它方法,使天然存在的去饱和酶基因发生突变,在体内产生具有去饱和酶活性的多肽,这种多肽具有更适于在宿主细胞内发挥作用的物理和动态参数,例如半寿期更长或所需多不饱和脂肪酸的产出率更高。
一旦得到编码去饱和酶多肽的多核苷酸,就可将它放入能够在宿主细胞中进行复制的载体中,或通过PCR或长PCR等技术进行体外增殖。复制型载体可以包括质粒、噬菌体、病毒、黏粒等。合适的载体包括使目标基因发生突变或使目标基因在宿主细胞内表达的载体。长PCR技术使得大型构建体在体外增殖成为可能,从而无需采用复制型载体或宿主细胞,就完全能够在体外进行目标基因的修饰(例如诱变或者加入表达信号),并使所得构建体进行增殖。
为了表达去饱和酶多肽,将功能性转录和翻译的起始区和终止区与编码去饱和酶多肽的多核苷酸操作性连接。多肽编码区的表达可在体外或在宿主细胞内发生。转录和翻译的起始区和终止区得自各种非专有来源,包括待表达的多核苷酸、能够在所需系统中表达的已知基因或疑似基因、表达载体、化学合成物或得自宿主细胞中的内源基因座。
可以瞬时方式或稳定方式在宿主细胞中实现表达。包含宿主细胞内起作用的表达信号的导入构建体可发生瞬时表达,但该构建体不能复制,也很少整合到宿主细胞中,或宿主细胞不进行增殖。也可以通过诱导与目标基因操作性连接的可调节启动子的活性,实现瞬时表达,虽然这类可诱导系统常常表现出低的基础表达水平。可以通过导入可整合到宿主基因组或在宿主细胞内自主复制的构建体,达到稳定表达。可以通过使用位于表达构建体的选择标记或用表达构建体转染的选择标记,然后选择表达标记的细胞,筛选出稳定表达的目标基因。当整合产生稳定表达时,可在宿主基因组内随机发生构建体整合,或者可以通过使用构建体,所述构建体所包含的区与宿主基因组的同源性足于靶向与宿主基因座重组,从而靶向构建体整合。当构建体靶向内源基因座时,可由内源基因座提供所有或某些转录和翻译的调节区。
如果需要增加源生物内去饱和酶多肽的表达,则可采用几种方法。可将编码去饱和酶多肽的附加基因导入宿主生物。通过同源重组也可增加天然去饱和酶基因座的表达,例如将较强启动子插入宿主基因组来增加表达、删除宿主基因组的信息而去掉mRNA或编码蛋白质中的不稳定序列或者将稳定序列加入到mRNA中(美国专利第4,910,141号)。
一般认为通过使用附加型或整合型表达载体,可在宿主细胞中导入和扩增不止一种编码去饱和酶的多核苷酸或编码不止一种去饱和酶的多核苷酸。如果独立的复制型载体表达两种以上的基因,则各载体具有不同的复制方式是适合的。各导入构建体,不论整合与否,都应有不同的选择方式,都应缺乏与其它构建体的同源性以保持稳定表达,防止构建体间元件的重配(reassortment)。可以通过实验方法,谨慎地选择导入构建体的调节区、筛选手段和增殖方法,从而使所有导入的多核苷酸以必要的水平表达,合成所需产物。
如果转化是必需的,则可将去饱和酶编码序列插入到植物转化载体中,例如双元载体(binary vector),参见Bevan(1984)。通过对根癌土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)天然基因转移系统进行修饰,可以获得植物转化载体。这一天然系统包括大的Ti(诱导根瘤的)质粒,质粒中含有一段大的称为T-DNA的片段,可转移到转化植物中。Ti质粒的其它片段,即vir区,负责T-DNA转移。T-DNA区与末端重复序列相邻。在经修饰的双元载体中,根瘤诱导基因被去除,vir区的功能被用来转移与T-DNA边界序列(border sequence)相邻的外来DNA。T-区还含有抗生素抗性选择标记和插入转移序列的多克隆位点。此工程株被认为是“缴械的(disarmed)”根癌土壤杆菌株,能使与T-区相邻的序列有效地转化进入植物的核基因组。
本发明有许多用途。基于本发明多核苷酸的探针也用于分离相关分子的方法或检测表达去饱和酶生物的方法中。当用作探针时,多核苷酸或寡核苷酸必须是可检测的。这通常是通过在内部位点附加标记(例如通过掺入修饰残基),或在5′端或3′端附加标记实现的。这些标记可以直接进行检测,可以与可检测标记的第二分子结合,或者可以与未经标记的第二分子及可检测标记的第三分子结合;只要可获得满意的检测信号,无不可接受的背景信号水平,这一过程便可一直延续下去。第二、第三或桥接系统可以包括应用针对其它任何分子(包括标记或其它抗体)的抗体,或者可以包括任何彼此结合的分子,例如生物素-链霉抗生物素/抗生物素蛋白系统。可检测标记通常包括放射性同位素、用化学法或用酶法等方法产生或改变光的分子、产生可检测反应产物的酶、磁性分子、荧光分子或与检测标记结合时荧光特性或光发射特性发生改变的分子。标记方法的实例可参见美国专利号第5,011,770号。或者,可以通过等温滴定量热法(isothermal titration calorimetry),测量探针与靶结合时溶液热量的变化,或者正如可用BIAcore系统所进行的那样,分别通过包被表面的探针或靶并且检测靶或探针结合所产生的表面光散射的变化,直接检测靶分子的结合。
可用标准技术将含有目标基因的构建体导入宿主细胞内。为方便起见,本文中,用任何方法进行操作而摄取了DNA序列或构建体的宿主细胞可称为“转化体”或“重组体”。例如,该宿主将具有至少一个拷贝的表达构建体,也可具有两个以上,这取决于基因是否整合到基因组内、是否扩增或是否存在于具有多拷贝数目的染色体外元件中。
可以通过选择导入构建体所包含的标记来鉴定转化的宿主细胞。或者,像许多转化技术将许多DNA分子导入宿主细胞那样,可用所需的构建体导入不同的标记构建体。通常,通过转化宿主在选择性培养基上的生长能力对转化宿主进行选择。选择性培养基可掺入抗生素,或可缺乏未转化宿主生长必需的因子,例如营养因子或生长因子。因此,导入的标记基因可以提供抗生素抗性,或者编码必需的生长因子或酶,在转化宿主内表达时,使转化宿主在选择性培养基中生长。如果可直接或间接检测出表达的标记蛋白,则也可对转化宿主进行选择。标记蛋白可独立地表达,或可作为与另一蛋白的融合体表达。可以通过标记蛋白的酶活性检测标记蛋白;例如,β-半乳糖苷酶可将底物5-溴-4-氯-3-吲哚-β-D-半乳糖苷(X-gal)转化成有色产物,萤光素酶可将萤光素转化成发光产物。可以通过标记蛋白产生光的特性或修饰特性检测标记蛋白;例如,当使用蓝色光照射时,维多利亚水母(Aequorea victoria)的绿色荧光蛋白会发出荧光。可以使用抗体检测标记蛋白或目标蛋白等分子标记。可以通过目测或者FACS等技术或者用抗体淘选,选择表达标记蛋白或标记的细胞。卡那霉素和氨基糖苷G418抗性以及在缺乏尿嘧啶、亮氨酸、赖氨酸或色氨酸培养基中的生长能力都是令人感兴趣的。
本发明的另一方面提供含有本文所述的分离的DNA的转基因植物或植物子代。可以通过任何植物转化方法,用一种以上编码Δ6-去饱和酶和Δ15-去饱和酶的分离的DNA转化植物细胞。按照本领域普通技术人员熟知的方法,常常使转化植物细胞在愈伤组织培养物或叶盘中,再生为完整的转基因植株(例如Horsch等,1985)。由于转化植物的子代遗传了编码去饱和酶的多核苷酸,因此可以使用转化植物的种子或插条保持转基因植物系。
本发明还提供一种使GLA和/或SDA含量增加的转基因植物的方法。在本发明的某些实施方案中,可以将编码Δ15-去饱和酶和/或Δ12-去饱和酶的DNA导入含有Δ6去饱和酶的植物细胞内。该植物可包含或不包含内源Δ12-去饱和酶和/或Δ15-去饱和酶的活性。本发明还提供一种提供含高水平PUFA(包括GLA和/或SDA)的转基因玉米植物的方法,这类PUFA是天然玉米植物所缺乏的。可以通过本领域普通技术人员已知的重组技术的方法,构建含有编码Δ6-去饱和酶和/或Δ12-去饱和酶和/或Δ15-去饱和酶的DNA的表达载体(Sambrook等,2001)。
为了补充膳食起见,可将纯化的PUFA、转化的植物或植物部分或其衍生物掺入烹饪用油、脂或人造奶油中,因此在正常使用时,食用者可得到所需要的份量。PUFA还可掺入到婴儿配方食品、营养补充剂或其它食品中,也可用作抗炎药或降胆固醇药。
本文所用的“食用组合物”是指哺乳动物可摄取的组合物,例如食物、营养物和药用组合物。本文所用“食物”是指可以使用或制备的用作哺乳动物食品的物质,包括可在食品(例如煎炸用油)或食品添加剂制造中使用的物质。例如,食物包括供人消耗的动物或任何动物产品,如鸡蛋等。典型的食物包括但不限于饮料(例如软饮料、碳酸饮料、即可混合饮料)、浸制食品(例如水果和蔬菜)、酱油、调味品、色拉调味料、果汁、糖浆、甜点(例如布丁、果冻、挂糖霜和馅料、烘焙食品和冰淇淋和冰糕等冷冻甜点)、软质冷冻产品(例如软质冷冻奶油、软质冷冻冰淇淋和酸牛奶、奶制品或非奶制品人造稠黄油等软质冷冻点缀品(soft frozen toppings))、油和乳化产品(例如起酥油、人造奶油、蛋黄酱、黄油、烹饪用油和色拉调味料)和中等水分食品(例如大米和狗粮)。
本发明所提供食物的一个实例是为陪伴动物调配的食品。术语“陪伴动物”是指驯养动物。陪伴动物具体可以是哺乳动物,尤其包括但不限于狗、猫、兔、啮齿动物和马。正如所叙述的一样,陪伴动物可以通过消耗含有本发明种子油一类的食物获得健康。
动物食品的配制,包括为陪伴动物配制的食品为本领域技术人员所熟知。在猫粮和狗粮方面,湿的宠物食品、半湿的宠物食品、干的宠物食品和宠物犒赏食品(pet treats)和零食也是众所周知的。还可得到宠物饮料,例如猫用牛奶饮料。例如,通常中等水分食品的水分含量超过20%,而湿食品的水分含量至少约65%。半湿食品的水分含量通常介于约20%至约65%之间,可含有丙二醇等湿润剂、山梨酸钾和防止微生物(即细菌和霉菌)生长的其它成分。干的宠物食品(粗磨)的水分含量一般低于约20%,它的生产方法可以包括挤出、加热烘干和/或烘焙。宠物犒赏食品和零食常常是半湿易嚼的犒赏食品或零食;形状式样多种多样的干的犒赏食品或零食;易嚼的骨头;烘焙、挤出或模压的犒赏食品;糖果类犒赏食品/零食;或其它类型的犒赏食品,正如本领域众所周知的一样。
中等水分宠物食品可以包括谷粒、肉类、脂肪、维生素、矿物质、水及功能成分等成分,这些成分经过混合、煮熟并被包装起来。然而,可以使用本领域技术人员已知配方的任何半湿宠物食品。例如可在干物质基础上,加入约5~40%(重量)的蛋白质、约5~45%(重量)的脂肪、约0.1~12%(重量)的纤维、约1~90%(重量)的碳水化合物和约0.1~2%(重量)的功能成分,制成宠物食品。本发明的油组合物中可加入任何所需用量,例如约1~50%(重量),包括约1~30%和约3~15%。正如本领域技术人员熟知的一样,可在所需的终产物特征的基础上作出变动。
而且,还可摄入本文所述的食用组合物作为食品和饮料中的添加剂或补充剂。这些组合物可与各种维生素和矿物质等营养物一起调配,掺入营养饮料、豆奶和汤等基本为液体的组合物中;掺入基本为固体的组合物中;掺入明胶或以粉状形式掺入各种食品中使用。这类功能食品或保健食品中有效成分的含量可与通常的药物剂量相似。
纯化的PUFA、转化的植物或植物部分也可掺入动物(特别是牲畜)饲料中。因此,动物本身可从富含PUFA的食物中获益,当人消耗产自这类牲畜的食品时也将受益。现认为在某些实施方案中,SDA在动物体内会转化成EPA,这类动物可以通过消耗SDA使EPA增加而因此受益。
对于药用(人用或兽用)而言,一般可口服给予该组合物,但可以通过任何吸收畅顺的途径给药,例如胃肠外(即皮下、肌内或静脉内)、直肠、阴道或局部例如以皮肤软膏剂或洗剂给予。可单独给予本发明的PUFA、转化的植物或植物部分,或可与药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂联用。如果可能的话,明胶胶囊剂是口服给药的优选剂型。上述膳食补充剂也可以提供一种口服的给药途径。可以缀合物形式或作为脂肪酸的盐、酯、酰胺或前药给予本发明的不饱和酸。本发明包括任何药学上可接受的盐;特别优选的是钠盐、钾盐或锂盐。还包括N-烷基多羟基胺盐,例如N-甲基葡糖胺,参见PCT公布说明书WO 96/33155。优选的酯为乙酯。作为固体盐,PUFA也可以片剂剂型给予。对于静脉给药,PUFA或其衍生物可掺入商品制剂中,例如英脱利匹特(Intralipid)。
本发明的某些实施方案中,提供与异源启动子操作性连接的编码序列或编码序列的片段,方向或是有义或是反义。还提供含有这些序列的表达构建体,同时提供用这些序列转化的植物和植物细胞。本领域技术人员根据本说明书将了解,可协同应用植物转化技术,采用这些序列或本发明的其它序列,构建构建体(参见例如Sambrook等,2001;Gelvin等,1990)。因此,本发明的技术并不限于任何具体的核酸序列。
本发明所提供序列的一个用途是改变油组成。去饱和酶基因可与其它序列一起提供。不一定是标记编码区的可表达编码区如果与标记编码区联用时,就可以使用相同或不同DNA片段上的独立的编码区进行转化。在后一种情况下,会将不同的载体同时传递到受体细胞中,使共转化最大化。
对与去饱和酶编码序列协同使用的任何附加元件的选择,通常取决于转化目的。作物植物转化的一个主要目的是增加植物的商业化适宜的和重要的农艺性状。由于已知PUFA对健康发挥许多有益的作用,因此同时增加SDA产量也是有益的,并且可以通过樱草属Δ6-去饱和酶的表达予以实现。本发明的某些实施方案中,SDA的增加可能包括了Δ12去饱和酶和/或Δ15去饱和酶的表达。
用于植物转化的载体可以包括例如质粒、黏粒、YAC(酵母人工染色体)、BAC(细菌人工染色体)或任何其它合适的克隆系统以及其DNA片段。因此,如果使用术语“载体”或“表达载体”,则包括前述所有类型的载体和从载体中分离的核酸序列。一般认为利用具有大容量的插入片段的克隆系统,允许导入大的含不止一种选择基因的DNA序列。根据本发明,这可用于导入多种去饱和酶编码核酸。可以使用细菌或酵母人工染色体(分别为BAC或YAC),或者甚至是植物人工染色体,促进这些序列的导入。例如,Hamilton等(1996)公开了用于土壤杆菌介导的转化中BAC的用途。
转化中特别有用的是从这些载体中分离出的表达盒。当然,用于转化植物细胞的DNA片段一般都含有希望导入宿主细胞并在宿主细胞内表达的cDNA或基因。这些DNA片段还可以包括启动子、增强子、多接头或甚至调节基因等所需结构。经过选择用于细胞导入的DNA片段或基因通常可编码在所得重组细胞中表达的蛋白质,产生可筛选或可选择的性状,和/或该DNA片段或基因通常可编码使所得的转基因植物具有改良表型的蛋白质。但是情况不一定总是这样,本发明还包括掺入了非表达转基因的转基因植物。下面为本发明所用载体中可能包含的优选的成分。
转录起始位点和编码序列起点之间的DNA序列,也就是不翻译的前导序列,也可以影响基因表达。因此,希望能使用本发明转化构建体的特殊的前导序列。一般认为优选的前导序列包括预计可指导附着基因进行最大表达的序列,也就是说包括优选的共有前导序列,该前导序列可增加或保持mRNA的稳定性,防止不适当的翻译起始。本领域的技术人员根据本发明的说明书,将了解如何选择这样的序列。一般优选源自植物高度表达基因的序列。
按照本发明制备的转化构建体通常包括3′端DNA序列,该序列作为使转录终止的信号,使通过与去饱和酶基因(例如cDNA)操作性连接的编码序列所产生的mRNA发生多聚腺苷化。在本发明的一个实施方案中,使用了去饱和酶基因的天然终止子。或者,异源3′端可增强去饱和酶编码区的表达。相信有用的终止子的实例包括根癌土壤杆菌胭脂碱合酶基因的3′端(nos 3′端)(Bevan等,1983)、马铃薯或番茄蛋白酶抑制剂I或II基因的3′端和CaMV 35S终止子的3端。如果需要,还可以包括Adh内含子(Callis等,1987)、蔗糖合酶内含子(Vasil等,1989)或TMVΩ元件(Gallie等,1989)等调节元件。
相信本发明植物或其它细胞转化所用的合适的方法实际上包括可将DNA导入细胞的任何方法,例如,直接传递DNA,例如,原生质体PEG-介导的转化(Omirulleh等,1993)、干燥/抑制介导的DNA摄取(Potrykus等,1985)、电穿孔(美国专利第5,384,253号,有关内容通过引用全文具体结合到本文中)、与碳化硅纤维一起搅拌(Kaeppler等,1990;美国专利第5,302,523号,其内容通过引用全部具体结合到本文中;美国专利第5,464,765号,其内容通过引用全部具体结合到本文中)、土壤杆菌介导的转化(美国专利第5,591,616号和美国专利第5,563,055号;两者的内容均通过引用具体结合到本文中)和使DNA包被的微粒加速(美国专利第5,550,318号;美国专利第5,538,877号和美国专利第5,538,880号;各专利的内容均通过引用具体结合到本文中)等。事实上,通过应用这些技术,任何植物种的细胞都可进行稳定地转化,这些细胞都可发育成为转基因植物。
将外源DNA传递给受体细胞后,后面的步骤一般涉及鉴定转化细胞,以便进一步培育和再生植株。正如本领域众所周知的一样,为了改进鉴定转化体的能力,需要使用根据本发明制备的转化载体的选择或筛选标记基因。因此在这种情况下,一般可以通过将细胞暴露在一种或多种选择剂中,然后对可转化的细胞群体进行试验,或可对细胞进行选择以得到所需的标记基因性状。
除了用按照本发明制备的构建体直接转化具体的植物基因型外,还可以通过将具有本发明选定的DNA的植物与第二种缺乏该DNA的植物杂交,产生转基因植物。也可用植物育种技术引入多种去饱和酶,例如将Δ6、Δ12和/或Δ15-去饱和酶导入一种植物中。按这种方式,可有效增加Δ6-去饱和酶的反应产物。通过产生Δ6-去饱和酶基因和/或其它去饱和酶基因(例如Δ12-和/或Δ15-去饱和酶基因)纯合的植物,可增加植物的有益代谢物。
如上所述,可以通过杂交将选定的去饱和酶基因导入具体的植物品种,而不必总是直接转化指定品种的植物。因此,本发明不仅包括直接转化的植物或根据本发明从已转化的细胞再生出的植物,而且包括这类植物的子代。本文所用术语“子代”是指根据本发明制备的亲本植物的任一后代,其中子代含有根据本发明制备的选定DNA的构建体。如本文所述,使植物“杂交”以提供具有一种以上与起始植物系有关的附加转基因或等位基因的植物系,是指通过将起始系与含有本发明的转基因或等位基因的供体植物系杂交,使特定序列导入植物系的技术。例如,为此目的,可以实施下述步骤:(a)第一系(起始系)亲本植物的植物种子和第二系(含有所需的转基因或等位基因的供体植物系)亲本植物的植物种子;(b)使第一系亲本植物和第二系亲本植物的种子生长至开花期的植物;(c)用第二系亲本植物的花粉给第一系亲本植物的花授粉;(d)收获花经授粉的亲本植物所结的种子。
本文中的回交是指包括以下步骤的方法:(a)使含有所需基因、DNA序列或DNA元件的第一种基因型的植物与缺乏所述的所需基因、DNA序列或DNA元件的第二种基因型的植物进行杂交;(b)选出一种以上含有所需基因、DNA序列或DNA元件的子代植物;(c)使子代植物与第二种基因型的植物进行杂交;(d)重复步骤(b)和步骤(c),目的是将来自第一种基因型植物中所需的DNA序列转移到第二种基因型的植物中。
DNA元件渐渗入植物基因型是指回交转化方法的结果。DNA序列渐渗的植物基因型被称为回交转化的基因型、品系、近交种或杂交种。同样地,缺乏所需的DNA序列的植物基因型被称为未转化的基因型、品系、近交种或杂交种。
实施例
下述实施例用来说明本发明的实施方案。本领域的技术人员应当了解实施例中所公开的技术,是依据发明人发现的代表性技术,在实施本发明时应用良好的技术。然而,本领域的技术人员应当知道,根据本说明书,可在不偏离本发明的发明构思、精神和范围的情况下,对已公开的具体实施方案进行许多修改,但仍获得相同或相似的结果。更具体地讲,既在化学上相关,又在生理学上相关的某些试剂,可以替换本文所述的试剂而仍可获得相同或相似的结果,这是显而易见的。所有这些对本领域技术人员显而易见的类似的替换和修饰,被认为属于所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的发明精神、范围和构思的范围之内。
实施例1
在玉米中表达Δ15-去饱和酶和Δ6-去饱和酶的载体
构建在玉米胚组织和糊粉组织内表达Δ15-去饱和酶和Δ6-去饱和酶的双元载体。这一构建体是用球蛋白启动子制备的,该启动子驱动经诱变的粗糙脉孢菌Δ15-去饱和酶(SEQ ID NO:5)的表达以增加在玉米等单子叶植物中的表达,也驱动高山被孢霉Δ6-去饱和酶(SEQID NO:6,bp 71-1444)的表达(美国专利第6,075,183号)。将高山被孢霉(M.alpina)Δ6-去饱和酶克隆到含球蛋白启动子的穿梭载体pMON67624中,产生pMON82809。将经诱变的粗糙脉孢菌(N.crassa)Δ15去饱和酶克隆到含球蛋白启动子的穿梭载体pMON67624中,产生pMON82810。
然后,将这两种球蛋白去饱和酶表达盒克隆到含有草甘膦抗性的CP4标记基因的玉米双元载体pMON30167中。将第一种含有高山被孢霉Δ6-去饱和酶的表达盒克隆到pMON30167中,产生pMON82811。将第二种含有经诱变的粗糙脉孢菌Δ15去饱和酶的表达盒克隆到pMON82811中,产生玉米转化构建体pMON82812(图1)。通过根癌土壤杆菌介导的转化得到转化的外植体。从转化组织再生植株。然后,分析生长在温室中各植株的油组成。
构建另一个双元载体pMON78175,以在玉米胚和糊粉组织内表达Δ15-去饱和酶和Δ6-去饱和酶。为了产生这个双元载体,用pMON82812作为模板,通过PCR扩增处于球蛋白启动子控制之下的含有粗糙脉孢菌Δ15去饱和酶(SEQ ID NO:5)的表达盒,然后将其克隆到穿梭载体中,对盒序列加以证实。通过PCR产生含有由球蛋白启动子驱动的樱草(P.juliae)Δ6-去饱和酶(SEQ ID NO:7)的表达盒。在这一过程中,使紧接樱草Δ6-去饱和酶的ATG起始密码子之前的核苷酸变成CAGCC,产生基因表达在玉米等单子叶植物中最优化的翻译起始区。随后,采用本领域已确立的标准限制和连接方法,将樱草Δ6-去饱和酶和粗糙脉孢菌Δ15去饱和酶克隆到携带CP4表达盒作为选择标记的双元载体中,产生玉米转化载体pMON78175(图2)。通过根癌土壤杆菌介导的转化得到转化外植体。从转化组织再生出植株。然后,分析生长在温室中各植株的油组成。
实施例2
在玉米中表达最优化单子叶植物序列樱草Δ6-去饱和酶的载体
本实施例提供在单子叶植物中表达改进的樱草Δ6-去饱和酶多核苷酸分子的设计和构建。本领域中已十分明确,非内源蛋白编码序列在植物中的表达不好(美国专利第5,880,275号,有关内容通过引用结合到本文中)。因此,用天然PjD6D多肽序列(SEQ ID NO:3),按以下方法设计和构建人工PjD6D蛋白编码多核苷酸序列:1)用类似于高度表达的单子叶植物蛋白的密码子使用偏好,2)用 in planta法去除已知影响mRNA稳定性的前述RNA不稳定元件(美国专利第5,880,275号)。所得经修饰的PjD6D多核苷酸序列称为PjD6Dnno(SEQ IDNO:8),编码与天然PjD6D多肽序列相同的多肽(SEQ ID NO:3)。
构建双元载体pMON78171,以在玉米胚和糊粉组织内表达Δ15-去饱和酶和序列修饰的Δ6-去饱和酶。为了产生这个双元载体,用pMON82812作为模板,通过PCR扩增处于球蛋白启动子控制之下的含有粗糙脉孢菌Δ15去饱和酶(SEQ ID NO:5)的表达盒,然后将其克隆到穿梭载体中,对盒序列加以证实。通过PCR产生含有由球蛋白启动子驱动的樱草Δ6-去饱和酶(SEQ ID NO:9)的表达盒。在这一过程中,使紧接樱草Δ6-去饱和酶的ATG起始密码子之前的核苷酸变成CAGCC,产生基因表达在玉米等单子叶植物中最优化的翻译起始区。随后,采用本领域已确立的标准限制和连接方法,将樱草Δ6-去饱和酶和粗糙脉孢菌Δ15去饱和酶克隆到携带CP4表达盒作为选择标记的双元载体中,产生玉米转化载体pMON78171(图3)。通过根癌土壤杆菌介导的转化得到转化外植体。从转化组织再生出植株。然后,分析生长在温室中各植物的油组成。
实施例3
脂肪酸分析
将玉米粒磨碎,匀浆用庚烷抽提,测定表达pMON82812的成熟玉米粒的脂肪酸组成。用含有0.25mg/ml triheptadecanoin的甲苯溶液和甲醇钠的甲醇溶液(0.6N)处理庚烷提取液。用氯化钠水溶液(10%重量/体积)使反应停止。室温下进行分层后,用装有分叉/不分叉毛细管入口的GLC(Hewlett Packard 6890型(120伏特)(250℃)和火焰离子化检测器(270℃),对有机相进行分析。柱子为Supelco 24077(0.25mm外径×15m长),装有0.25μm键合聚乙二醇固定相。对照商品标准,根据保留时间确定脂肪酸甲酯。按照所确定的峰的面积百分比,计算定性的重量百分比组成。显示出SDA和GLA的玉米粒的分析结果见表1。未发现仅含GLA的部分无效(partial null)玉米粒。总之,经过分析的玉米粒2/3以上含有GLA和SDA。用pMON82812转化的ZM_103111:@的成熟玉米粒的分析结果显示含9.68%SDA。
表1:表达SDA和/或GLA的单粒成熟玉米粒的脂肪酸分析
系谱 | Gen | 油酸(18:1) | LA(18:2) | GLA(18:3) | ALA(18:3) | SDA(18:4) |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 26.08 | 13.62 | 0.91 | 26.44 | 9.68 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 23.63 | 14.87 | 0.85 | 30.17 | 8.56 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 27.39 | 16.2 | 1.14 | 27.61 | 5.8 |
ZM_103432:@. | R1 | 21.44 | 14.11 | 0.68 | 36.19 | 5.79 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 25.5 | 16.36 | 0.61 | 30.56 | 5.19 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 22.3 | 16.98 | 0.99 | 33.28 | 4.81 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 23.85 | 19.52 | 0.84 | 29.91 | 4.21 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 26.2 | 15.07 | 1.11 | 32.29 | 3.93 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 20.38 | 18.37 | 0.85 | 35.49 | 3.84 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 25.07 | 17.73 | 0.77 | 30.96 | 3.78 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 21.57 | 18.99 | 0.68 | 34.07 | 3.69 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 19.99 | 19.61 | 0.78 | 34.71 | 3.69 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 22.17 | 18.57 | 0.58 | 34.81 | 3.67 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 18.42 | 23.76 | 1.01 | 32.27 | 3.61 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 20.83 | 19.3 | 0.68 | 34.71 | 3.53 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 19.17 | 25.22 | 1.53 | 30.79 | 3.53 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 22.12 | 17.73 | 0.79 | 34.38 | 3.48 |
ZM_S10309/LH244 | F1 | 20.26 | 21.88 | 0.75 | 32.13 | 3.4 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 16.98 | 18.61 | 0.8 | 40.32 | 3.27 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 21.18 | 19.65 | 0.73 | 34.34 | 3.25 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 24.59 | 19.08 | 0.35 | 30.79 | 3.23 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 21.29 | 19.93 | 0.71 | 33.77 | 3.23 |
ZM_S103099/LH244 | F1 | 21.11 | 23.29 | 0.79 | 30.95 | 3.21 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 18.2 | 18.81 | 0.61 | 38.94 | 3.19 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 21.27 | 19.75 | 0.7 | 34.33 | 3.13 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 20.8 | 21.47 | 0.76 | 33.59 | 3.12 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 23.71 | 18.96 | 0.75 | 31.97 | 3.1 |
ZM_S103121@. | R1 | 23.81 | 17.28 | 0.98 | 33.75 | 3.07 |
ZM_S103099/LH244 | F1 | 19.64 | 21.46 | 0.7 | 34.49 | 2.99 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 23.83 | 16.72 | 1.01 | 34.5 | 2.93 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 16.68 | 26.92 | 1.03 | 30.59 | 2.87 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 18.58 | 23.81 | 1.34 | 32.42 | 2.87 |
ZM_S103432:@. | R1 | 17.94 | 18.89 | 0.72 | 39.8 | 2.84 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 20.14 | 19.32 | 0.58 | 36.65 | 2.77 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 20.57 | 19.13 | 0.34 | 36.1 | 2.7 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 20.04 | 25.44 | 1.26 | 30.32 | 2.69 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 21.6 | 19.78 | 0.61 | 35.15 | 2.66 |
ZM_S103099/LH244 | F1 | 21.06 | 23.54 | 0.67 | 31.49 | 2.58 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 19.26 | 22.53 | 0.9 | 34.92 | 2.53 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 22.95 | 20.01 | 0.39 | 33.51 | 2.47 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 19.39 | 26.31 | 1.23 | 31.06 | 2.4 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 18.05 | 22.96 | 0.65 | 35.53 | 2.39 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 18.99 | 21.92 | 0.65 | 35.22 | 2.38 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 17.14 | 22.59 | 0.71 | 36.95 | 2.32 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 23.64 | 19.84 | 0.38 | 33.12 | 2.29 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 20.71 | 26.64 | 1.07 | 28.11 | 2.26 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 21.89 | 21.12 | 0.6 | 33.35 | 2.24 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 22.59 | 28.35 | 0.52 | 25.05 | 2.15 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 19.41 | 27.76 | 1.19 | 28.96 | 2.14 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 17.81 | 28.33 | 1.28 | 31.34 | 2.1 |
ZM_S103097/LH244 | F1 | 18.61 | 25.34 | 1.19 | 31.88 | 2.09 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 20.08 | 28.05 | 1.27 | 28.28 | 2.06 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 20.11 | 19.18 | 0.38 | 38.29 | 2.04 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 18.38 | 30.32 | 1.19 | 26.79 | 1.98 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 20.06 | 29.56 | 1.13 | 27.23 | 1.95 |
ZM_103436/LH244 | F1 | 19.82 | 28.13 | 0.89 | 28.57 | 1.94 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 18.74 | 22.83 | 0.72 | 35.29 | 1.91 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 21.69 | 21.09 | 0.4 | 34.71 | 1.9 |
ZM_S103430/LH244 | F1 | 23.25 | 25.64 | 0.92 | 27.64 | 1.89 |
ZM_S103099/LH244 | F1 | 17.77 | 25.43 | 0.61 | 33.61 | 1.88 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 21.04 | 22.99 | 0.29 | 31.6 | 1.86 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 18.19 | 27.7 | 1.18 | 31.55 | 1.86 |
ZM_S103099/LH244 | F1 | 18.24 | 23.16 | 0.65 | 35.78 | 1.85 |
ZM_S103435/LH44 | F1 | 21.02 | 27.67 | 0.88 | 28.27 | 1.83 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 21.7 | 21.08 | 0.39 | 34.49 | 1.8 |
ZM_S103097/LH244 | F1 | 20.11 | 26.32 | 1.08 | 29.94 | 1.8 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 16.95 | 30.23 | 1.08 | 30.11 | 1.8 |
ZM_S103437/LH244 | F1 | 23.93 | 26.23 | 1.12 | 25.86 | 1.78 |
ZM_S103437/LM244 | F1 | 23.5 | 26.49 | 0.99 | 26.32 | 1.77 |
ZM_S103168/LH244 | F1 | 19.4 | 27.81 | 1.06 | 30.29 | 1.74 |
ZM_S103427:@. | R1 | 17.94 | 30.11 | 1.17 | 29.42 | 1.74 |
ZM_S103103/LH244 | F1 | 21.32 | 31.31 | 1.16 | 24.36 | 1.66 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 20.48 | 21.06 | 0.41 | 35.4 | 1.64 |
ZM_S103437/LH244 | F1 | 19.71 | 26.4 | 1.06 | 31.7 | 1.6 |
ZM_S103433/LH244 | F1 | 18.98 | 21.89 | 0.36 | 37.18 | 1.59 |
ZM_S103430/LH244 | F1 | 21.41 | 26.76 | 0.91 | 27.06 | 1.56 |
ZM_S103437/LH244 | F1 | 18.67 | 28.15 | 1.07 | 30.71 | 1.56 |
ZM_S103097/LH244 | F1 | 19.97 | 28.13 | 1.18 | 28.16 | 1.55 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 19.29 | 31.27 | 0.79 | 25.74 | 1.53 |
ZM_S103430/LH244 | F1 | 22.43 | 25.58 | 0.81 | 28.41 | 1.53 |
ZM_S103430/LH244 | F1 | 18.48 | 27.25 | 1.05 | 31.73 | 1.53 |
ZM_S103103/LH244 | F1 | 21.25 | 31.91 | 1.13 | 24.06 | 1.53 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 20.92 | 27.87 | 0.82 | 27.48 | 1.51 |
ZM_S103121:@. | R1 | 20 | 24.11 | 0.99 | 33.48 | 1.5 |
ZM_S103103/LH244 | F1 | 20.9 | 31.44 | 1.08 | 25.09 | 1.5 |
ZM_S103103/LH244 | F1 | 20.06 | 32.22 | 1.04 | 25.4 | 1.4 |
ZM_Sl03103/LH244 | F1 | 20.02 | 33.05 | 1.09 | 24.5 | 1.39 |
ZM_S103097/LH244 | F1 | 18.78 | 28.78 | 1.03 | 29.82 | 1.31 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 19.23 | 27.51 | 0.62 | 29.58 | 1.25 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 18.53 | 30.87 | 0.66 | 27.55 | 1.22 |
LH244/ZM_S103431 | F1 | 20.88 | 23.22 | 0.34 | 32.46 | 1.19 |
LH244/ZM_S103431 | F1 | 20.07 | 25.05 | 0.35 | 33.01 | 1.19 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 20.39 | 31.62 | 0.69 | 26.02 | 1.16 |
ZM_S103111:@. | R1 | 20.48 | 24.18 | 0.47 | 32.33 | 1.11 |
ZM_S103435/LH244 | F1 | 20.4 | 26.7 | 0.52 | 31.26 | 1.09 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 19.35 | 31.69 | 0.71 | 27.3 | 1.08 |
LH244/ZM_S103431 | F1 | 19.75 | 23.35 | 0.26 | 33.86 | 0.98 |
ZM_S103436/LH244 | F1 | 20.11 | 32.54 | 0.71 | 26.25 | 0.96 |
ZM_S103430/LH244 | F1 | 18.87 | 29.25 | 0.7 | 30.17 | 0.95 |
LH244/ZM_S103431 | F1 | 21.18 | 25.86 | 0.2 | 29.33 | 0.87 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 21.77 | 24.64 | 0.15 | 32.57 | 0.81 |
LH244/ZM_S103105 | F1 | 17.72 | 32.84 | 0.41 | 27.61 | 0.68 |
ZM_S103434/LH244 | F1 | 20.34 | 26.19 | 0.3 | 31.48 | 0.6 |
ZM_S103434/LH244 | F1 | 21.59 | 26.44 | 0.28 | 29.99 | 0.58 |
ZM_S103434/LH244 | F1 | 20.22 | 27.13 | 0.31 | 30.47 | 0.58 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 19.29 | 27.08 | 0.19 | 33.6 | 0.52 |
ZM_S103434/LH244 | F1 | 19.24 | 28.24 | 0.26 | 31.45 | 0.51 |
LH244/ZM_S103105 | F1 | 17.73 | 34.46 | 0.44 | 27.24 | 0.5 |
LH244/ZM_S103431 | F1 | 19.12 | 31.08 | 0.24 | 27.77 | 0.47 |
ZM_S103434/LH244 | F1 | 17.63 | 29.39 | 0.24 | 32.47 | 0.38 |
LH244/ZM_S103105 | F1 | 18.37 | 36.34 | 0.36 | 24.68 | 0.33 |
LH244/ZM_S103105 | F1 | 18.62 | 38.05 | 0.34 | 22.84 | 0.27 |
ZM_S103110:@. | R1 | 18.35 | 57.16 | 0 | 2.25 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 19.18 | 58.95 | 0 | 1.78 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 19.35 | 58.56 | 0 | 1.79 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 19.17 | 59.15 | 0 | 1.8 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 16.76 | 62.23 | 0 | 1.81 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_103098 | F1 | 18.39 | 59.37 | 0 | 1.88 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 18.26 | 59.91 | 0 | 1.96 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 17.14 | 61.34 | 0 | 2.06 | 0 |
LH244/ZM_S103098 | F1 | 16.65 | 61.17 | 0 | 2.39 | 0 |
注释:Gen表示基因型。
用pMON78171转化产生的脂肪酸的分析结果见下表2。按上述方法,分析了10粒R1或F1成熟种子的脂肪酸组成,按种子数计算平均脂肪酸组成,零除外。用载体pMON78171得到的表现最好的结果平均含有28.6%SDA和2.2%GLA。表现最好的单粒玉米种子含有32.9%SDA和3.5%GLA。
表2:成熟玉米粒的脂肪酸分析
系谱 | 基因型 | 油酸 | LA | GLA | ALA | SDA |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 21.34 | 12.92 | 3.53 | 13.49 | 32.92 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 22.11 | 12.12 | 3.3 | 14.12 | 32.58 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 21.91 | 12.87 | 3.5 | 13.1 | 32.28 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 23.26 | 9.86 | 1.22 | 17.05 | 31.2 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 24.07 | 14.98 | 3.24 | 13.06 | 28.74 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 21.96 | 16.99 | 3.24 | 12.69 | 28.5 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 24.15 | 11.3 | 1.2 | 18.06 | 28.19 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 21.79 | 17.34 | 2.43 | 14.1 | 28.19 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 27.39 | 9.56 | 1.28 | 16.03 | 28.04 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 29.01 | 9.8 | 1.19 | 15.19 | 27.41 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 22.35 | 17.95 | 3.58 | 12.5 | 26.93 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 20.77 | 19.48 | 3.02 | 14.79 | 26.51 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 25.09 | 12.21 | 1.29 | l7.85 | 26.4 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 22.99 | 15.22 | 1.3 | 18.47 | 25.87 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 21.95 | 19.77 | 4.66 | 11.88 | 25.81 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 26.95 | 13.34 | 1.35 | 15.95 | 25.62 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 20.94 | 20.76 | 4.4 | 13.5 | 24.7 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 24.46 | 19.05 | 2.71 | 13.05 | 24.57 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 23.44 | 19.46 | 3.71 | 12.28 | 24.24 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 21.41 | 22.02 | 4.87 | 11.41 | 23.95 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 25.61 | 18.44 | 2.38 | 14.16 | 23.81 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 22.74 | 20.52 | 4.23 | 12.86 | 23.8 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 20.95 | 22.77 | 4.76 | 11.94 | 23.74 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 22 | 19.57 | 2.76 | 16.21 | 23.64 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 21.49 | 23.45 | 2.95 | 13.33 | 22.4 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 23.12 | 22.18 | 3.87 | 12.33 | 22.34 |
ZM_S126797:@. | R1 | 21.51 | 24.35 | 4.56 | 12 | 21.82 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 25.99 | 20.48 | 2.46 | 13.48 | 21.71 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 24.4 | 22.45 | 2.12 | 14.26 | 20.03 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 24.33 | 23.6 | 2.87 | 13.24 | 19.76 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 24.24 | 24.08 | 2.88 | 12.74 | 19.44 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 29.51 | 20.1 | 1.96 | 12.44 | 19.17 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 26.18 | 24.62 | 3.01 | 11.52 | 18.9 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 24.35 | 26.28 | 3.26 | 10.89 | 18.56 |
ZM_S129919:@ | R1 | 21.87 | 27.84 | 2.77 | 12.76 | 18.28 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 26.78 | 24.15 | 2.09 | 11.97 | 18.26 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 21.22 | 28.87 | 3 | 12.33 | 18.18 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 23.23 | 27.22 | 3.54 | 11.35 | 17.98 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 22.01 | 28.63 | 3.36 | 12.63 | 17.78 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 26.48 | 23.9 | 1.84 | 12.93 | 17.78 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 26.6 | 25.01 | 2.72 | 11.7 | 17.54 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 25.83 | 25.52 | 2.12 | 12.59 | 17.15 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 21.8 | 30 | 2.79 | 11.51 | 16.89 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 20.77 | 31.81 | 3.03 | 11.33 | 16.65 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 22.22 | 30.61 | 2.64 | 11.91 | 16.07 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 22.6 | 30.58 | 2.5 | 11.72 | 15.54 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 23.86 | 31.07 | 3.13 | 11.37 | 15.07 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 26.73 | 29.67 | 2.92 | 9.6 | 14.26 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 31.78 | 22.68 | 1.87 | 12.32 | 14.07 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 22.94 | 33.24 | 2.81 | 10.51 | 13.79 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 21.28 | 34.77 | 3.15 | 10.62 | 13.65 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 25.73 | 32.94 | 2.19 | 9.26 | 11.95 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 18.81 | 62.08 | 0.09 | 1.61 | 0.7 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 19.23 | 62.98 | 0 | 1.36 | 0.06 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 19.62 | 63.27 | 0 | 1.18 | 0 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 19.56 | 63.19 | 0 | 1.38 | 0 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 19.88 | 61.96 | 0 | 1.3 | 0 |
ZM_S126790/LH244 | F1 | 20.43 | 61.28 | 0 | 1.37 | 0 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 22.09 | 59.61 | 0 | 1.22 | 0 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 20.09 | 62.11 | 0 | 1.32 | 0 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 21.8 | 59.52 | 0 | 1.34 | 0 |
ZM_S126800/LH244 | F1 | 22.55 | 59.63 | 0 | 1.28 | 0 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 20.9 | 60.65 | 0 | 1.43 | 0 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 20.57 | 60.95 | 0 | 1.54 | 0 |
ZM_S126808:@. | R1 | 18.75 | 62.61 | 0 | 1.45 | 0 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 20.03 | 63.35 | 0 | 1.22 | 0 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 21.55 | 59.59 | 0 | 1.1 | 0 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 24.63 | 56.02 | 0 | 1.12 | 0 |
ZM_S126995/LH244 | F1 | 20.12 | 60.75 | 0 | 1.23 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 21.51 | 60 | 0 | 1.62 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 22.17 | 27.15 | 0 | 34.29 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 19.77 | 62.76 | 0 | 1.61 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 20.73 | 28.41 | 0 | 33.75 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 20.59 | 33.96 | 0 | 29.47 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 20.8 | 33.48 | 0 | 28.9 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 22.15 | 33.67 | 0 | 27.92 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 19.86 | 30.92 | 0 | 32.91 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 21.47 | 30.99 | 0 | 31.39 | 0 |
ZM_S126998:@. | R1 | 21.37 | 31.16 | 0 | 30.85 | 0 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 19.76 | 62.38 | 0 | 1.36 | 0 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 19.99 | 62.51 | 0 | 1.26 | 0 |
ZM_S127034:@. | R1 | 20.76 | 61.27 | 0 | 1.25 | 0 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 20.86 | 59.51 | 0 | 1.63 | 0 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 18.57 | 63.07 | 0 | 1.38 | 0 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 19.7 | 62.41 | 0 | 1.13 | 0 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 19.8 | 61.53 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 |
ZM_S128026/LH244 | F1 | 17.96 | 65.06 | 0 | 1.32 | 0 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 20.7 | 60.71 | 0 | 1.29 | 0 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 20.04 | 61.49 | 0 | 1.45 | 0 |
ZM_S129919:@. | R1 | 19.53 | 61.77 | 0 | 1.37 | 0 |
用pMON78175转化产生的脂肪酸的分析结果见下表3。按上述方法,分析了10粒R1或F1成熟种子的脂肪酸组成。表现最好的单粒玉米种子含有12.4%SDA和0%GLA。
表3:成熟玉米粒的脂肪酸分析
系谱 | 基因型 | 油酸 | 亚油酸 | GLA | ALA | SDA |
ZM_S130139:@. | R1 | 26.57 | 8.39 | 0 | 34.39 | 12.36 |
ZM_S130134:@. | R1 | 30.59 | 9.04 | 0 | 30.31 | 11.86 |
ZM_S130139:@. | R1 | 26.39 | 9.41 | 0 | 34.91 | 11.12 |
ZM_S130135:@. | R1 | 25.09 | 12.98 | 0.12 | 34.81 | 9.93 |
ZM_S130133:@. | R1 | 30.62 | 10.85 | 0 | 30.93 | 9.63 |
ZM_S130136:@. | R1 | 30.55 | 11.99 | 0 | 32.28 | 7.63 |
ZM_S130136:@. | R1 | 28.27 | 13.53 | 0 | 33.41 | 7.45 |
ZM_S130136:@. | R1 | 29.14 | 10.61 | 0 | 34.59 | 7.44 |
ZM_S130134:@. | R1 | 25.43 | 14.32 | 0 | 35.68 | 7.3 |
ZM_S130134:@. | R1 | 23.94 | 16.92 | 0 | 35.7 | 6 |
ZM_130133:@. | R1 | 22.93 | 17.14 | 0.02 | 37.21 | 5.88 |
ZM_S130136:@. | R1 | 28.28 | 11.89 | 0 | 35.63 | 5.86 |
ZM_S130140:@. | R1 | 23.47 | 15.34 | 0 | 37.85 | 5.68 |
ZM_S130133:@. | R1 | 21.75 | 17.83 | 0 | 37.43 | 5.59 |
ZM_S130072/LH244 | F1 | 23.17 | 25.78 | 0.2 | 28.61 | 5.39 |
ZM_S130140:@. | R1 | 22.75 | 17.26 | 0 | 37.98 | 4.83 |
ZM_S130161:@. | R1 | 28.54 | 13.26 | 0 | 37.6 | 2.88 |
ZM_S130140:@. | R1 | 20.82 | 23.51 | 0 | 35.48 | 2.88 |
ZM_S130155/LH244 | F1 | 20.87 | 59.43 | 0 | 2.2 | 0 |
* * * * * *
根据本说明书,无需过多实验,就可制备或实施本文所公开和要求保护的所有组合物和/或方法。虽然在优选的实施方案中描述了本发明的组合物和方法,但是对本领域的技术人员显而易见的是,可在不偏离本发明的构思、精神和范围的情况下,对本文所述的组合物和/或方法、方法的步骤或步骤的顺序作出修改。更具体地讲,显而易见的是,既在化学上相关又在生理学上相关的某些试剂,可以替换本文所述的试剂而获得相同或相似的结果。对本领域的技术人员是显而易见的所有这些相似的替换和修改,被认为包括在所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的精神、范围和构思内。
参考文献
下面列举的参考文献对本文所用的方法、技术和/或组合物进行补充、解释、提供背景知识、或作出指导,因此通过引用将这些文献的内容结合到本文中:
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序列表
<110>Ursin,Virginia
Froman,Byron
Nava,A.J.
Gonzales,Jennifer
<120>脂肪酸去饱和酶在玉米中的表达
<130>MONS:046WO
<140>未知
<141>2005-04-15
<150>60/563,135
<151>2004-04-16
<160>22
<170>PatentIn version 3.1
<210>1
<211>1953
<212>DNA
<213>樱草(Primula juliae)
<400>1
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acaagccagg tgacctatgg atatcaattc acggtcaagt ttacgacgtt tcttcctggg 240
ctgcgcttca cccggggggc atcgctcccc tcctcgccct tgcaggacat gatgtgaccg 300
acgctttcct cgcttaccat ccccctycca cctcccgcct cctccctccc ttctccacca 360
acctacttct agaaaaacat tccgtgtccg agacctcttc cgactatcgc aaacttctag 420
acagctttca taagatgggc atgtttcgtg ccaggggcca cactgcctac gcgacctttg 480
tcattatgat acttatgttg gtttcctctg tgactggggt gctttgcagt gagaatccgt 540
gggtgcattt ggtttgtgga gcggcaatgg ggtttgcctg gatccagtgc ggatggatag 600
gtcatgattc cggacattac cggataatga ctgacaggaa atggaaccgg ttcgctcaga 660
tcctgagctc aaactgcctc caagggatta gtatcgggtg gtggaagtgg aaccacaacg 720
cgcaccacat tgcctgcaat agtctggagt acgaccctga cctccagtac attcccttgt 780
tggttgtgtc cccgaagttc tttaactccc tcacttctcg tttctacgac aagaagctga 840
acttcgacgg tgtgtcgagg tttttggttc aataccagca ctggtcgttt tatccggtca 900
tgtgtgttgc taggctgaac atgcttgcgc agtcgtttat actgcttttt tcgaggaggg 960
aggtggcgaa cagggtgcag gagattcttg gactagcggt tttttggctt tggtttccgc 1020
tcctgctttc ttgccttcct aattggggtg agagaataat gtttttgctc gcgagctact 1080
ccgttacggg gatacaacac gtgcagttca gcttgaacca tttctcatct gacgtttacg 1140
tgggcccacc cgtaggtaac gattggttta agaaacagac tgcagggaca ctcaacatat 1200
cgtgcccggc gtggatggat tggttccacg gtggattgca gtttcaggtc gagcaccact 1260
tgttcccgcg gatgcctagg ggtcagtttc ggaagatttc tccttttgtg agggatttgt 1320
gtaagaaaca caatttgact tacaatattg cgtcttttac taaagcaaat gtgttgacgc 1380
ttgagaccct gagaaacaca gccattgagg ctcgggacct ctctaatccg atcccaaaga 1440
atatggtgtg ggaggctgtt aaaaatgtcg ggtgaaattg actatgtgtt ttgctattgg 1500
agcttcaatt tcgtgattgt cgtttaaggg ggtatacaca atcaccagat aatcaaacgt 1560
tttctgttgt atttcgttct tgttatttac atttgtagag tggctcatgt aactgacttg 1620
tgtcgaatcg ttaagcctaa atacaagtgt aacaatttag tttctgtcca atttgagaaa 1680
tagaaaagtt tggttgagcc ttttttttct tctaatttct tcaacaggct tattgagtgc 1740
cttatttgcc acatacttaa gcgaaatgct ccaagtgcgc tagccgcaga tgtataaatt 1800
gtctttttcg gcttcaagtt ttaactgtat aacgtcattt cggcttatcg taatggttca 1860
aattagctgc ttttgttttg acaattgtcc taagcaggca ctgatcaaca ctatcagttg 1920
ttctttccct ggtaaaaaag aactgttgaa ttt 1953
<210>2
<211>1341
<212>DNA
<213>樱草(Primula juliae)
<400>2
atgactaaga ccatttacat aaccagctca gaacttgaaa aacataacaa gccaggtgac 60
ctatggatat caattcacgg tcaagtttac gacgtttctt cctgggctgc gcttcacccg 120
gggggcatcg ctcccctcct cgcccttgca ggacatgatg tgaccgacgc tttcctcgct 180
taccatcccc cttccacctc ccgcctcctc cctcccttct ccaccaacct acttctagaa 240
aaacattccg tgtccgagac ctcttccggc tatcgcaaac ttctagacag ctttcataag 300
atgggcatgt ttcgtgccag gggccacact gcctacgcga cctttgtcat tatgatactt 360
atgttggttt cctctgtgac tggggtgctt tgcagtgaga atccgtgggt gcatttggtt 420
tgtggagcgg caatggggtt tgcctggatc cagtgcggat ggataggtca tgattccgga 480
cattaccgga taatgactga caggaaatgg aaccggttcg ctcagatcct gagctcaaac 540
tgcctccaag ggattagcat cgggtggtgg aagtggaacc acaacgcgca ccacattgcc 600
tgcaatagtc tggagtacga ccctgacctc cagtacattc ccttgttggt tgtgtccccg 660
aagttcttta actccctcac ttctcgtttc tacgacaaga agctgaactt cgacggtgtg 720
tcgaggtttt tggttcaata ccagcactgg tcgttttatc cggtcatgtg tgttgctagg 780
ctgaacatgc ttgcgcagtc gtttatactg cttttttcga ggagggaggt ggcgaacagg 840
gtgcaggaga ttcttggact agcggttttt tggctttggt ttccgctcct gctttcttgc 900
cttcctaatt ggggtgagag aataatgttt ttgctcgcga gctactccgt tacggggata 960
caacacgtgc agttcagctt gaaccatttc tcatctgacg tttacgtggg cccacccgta 1020
ggtaacgatt ggtttaagaa acagactgca gggacactca acatatcgtg cccggcgtgg 1080
atggattggt tccatggcgg gttgcagttt caggtcgagc accacttgtt cccgcggatg 1140
cctaggggtc agtttcggaa gatttctcct tttgtgaggg atttgtgtaa gaaacacaat 1200
ttgacttaca atattgcgtc ttttactaaa gcaaatgtgt tgacgcttga gaccctgaga 1260
aacacagcca ttgaggctcg ggacctctct aatccgatcc caaagaatat ggtgtgggag 1320
gctgttaaaa atgtcgggtg a 1341
<210>3
<211>1389
<212>DNA
<213>樱草(Primula juliae)
<400>3
atggaaaaca cattttcacc accacctact aacaccaatt ccaaccccat gactaagacc 60
atttacataa ccagctcaga acttgaaaaa cataacaagc caggtgacct atggatatca 120
attcacggtc aagtttacga cgtttcttcc tgggctgcgc ttcacccggg gggcatcgct 180
cccctcctcg cccttgcagg acatgatgtg accgacgctt tcctcgctta ccatccccct 240
tccacctccc gcctcctccc tcccttctcc accaacctac ttctagaaaa acattccgtg 300
tccgagacct cttccgacta tcgcaaactt ctagacagct ttcataagat gggcatgttt 360
cgtgccagag gccacactgc ctacgcgacc tttgtcatta tgatacttat gttggtttcc 420
tctgtgactg gggtgctttg cagtgagaat ccgtgggtgc atttggtttg tggagcggca 480
atggggtttg cctggatcca gtgcggatgg ataggtcatg attccggaca ttaccggata 540
atgactgaca ggaaatggaa ccggttcgct cagatcctga gctcaaactg cctccaaggg 600
attagcatcg ggtggtggaa gtggaaccac aacgcgcacc acattgcctg caatagtctg 660
gagtacgacc ctgacctcca gtacattccc ttgttggttg tgtccccgaa gttctttaac 720
tccctcactt ctcgtttcta cgacaagaag ctgaacttcg acggtgtgtc gaggtttttg 780
gttcaatacc agcactggtc gttttatccg gtcatgtgtg ttgctaggct gaacatgctt 840
gcgcagtcgt ttatactgct tttttcgagg agggaggtgg cgaacagggt gcaggagatt 900
cttggactag cggttttttg gctttggttt ccgctcctgc tttcttgcct tcctaattgg 960
ggtgagagaa taatgttttt gctcgcgagc tactccgtta cggggataca acacgtgcag 1020
ttcagcttga accatttctc atctgacgtt tacgtgggcc cacccgtagg taacgattgg 1080
tttaagaaac agactgcagg gacactcaac atatcgtgcc cggcgtggat ggattggttc 1140
catggcgggt tgcagtttca ggtcgagcac cacttgttcc cgcggatgcc taggggtcag 1200
tttcggaaga tttctccttt tgtgagggat ttgtgtaaga aacacaattt gacttacaat 1260
attgcgtctt ttactaaagc aaatgtgttg acgcttgaga ccctgagaaa cacagccatt 1320
gaggctcggg acctctctaa tccgatccca aagaatatgg tgtgggaggc tgttaaaaat 1380
gtcgggtga 1389
<210>4
<211>446
<212>PRT
<213>樱草(Primula juliae)
<400>4
Met Thr Lys Thr Ile Tyr Ile Thr Ser Ser Glu Leu Glu Lys His Asn
1 5 10 15
Lys Pro Gly Asp Leu Trp Ile Ser Ile His Gly Gln Val Tyr Asp Val
20 25 30
Ser Ser Trp Ala Ala Leu His Pro Gly Gly Ile Ala Pro Leu Leu Ala
35 40 45
Leu Ala Gly His Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Phe Leu Ala Tyr His Pro Pro
50 55 60
Ser Thr Ser Arg Leu Leu Pro Pro Phe Ser Thr Asn Leu Leu Leu Glu
65 70 75 80
Lys His Ser Val Ser Glu Thr Ser Ser Asp Tyr Arg Lys Leu Leu Asp
85 90 95
Ser Phe His Lys Met Gly Met Phe Arg Ala Arg Gly His Thr Ala Tyr
100 105 110
Ala Thr Phe Val Ile Met Ile Leu Met Leu Val Ser Ser Val Thr Gly
115 120 125
Val Leu Cys Ser Glu Asn Pro Trp Val His Leu Val Cys Gly Ala Ala
130 135 140
Met Gly Phe Ala Trp Ile Gln Cys Gly Trp Ile Gly His Asp Ser Gly
145 150 155 160
His Tyr Arg Ile Met Thr Asp Arg Lys Trp Asn Arg Phe Ala Gln Ile
165 170 175
Leu Ser Ser Asn Cys Leu Gln Gly Ile Ser Ile Gly Trp Trp Lys Trp
180 185 190
Asn His Asn Ala His His Ile Ala Cys Asn Ser Leu Glu Tyr Asp Pro
195 200 205
Asp Leu Gln Tyr Ile Pro Leu Leu Val Val Ser Pro Lys Phe Phe Asn
210 215 220
Ser Leu Thr Ser Arg Phe Tyr Asp Lys Lys Leu Asn Phe Asp Gly Val
225 230 235 240
Ser Arg Phe Leu Val Gln Tyr Gln His Trp Ser Phe Tyr Pro Val Met
245 250 255
Cys Val Ala Arg Leu Asn Met Leu Ala Gln Ser Phe Ile Leu Leu Phe
260 265 270
Ser Arg Arg Glu Val Ala Asn Arg Val Gln Glu Ile Leu Gly Leu Ala
275 280 285
Val Phe Trp Leu Trp Phe Pro Leu Leu Leu Ser Cys Leu Pro Asn Trp
290 295 300
Gly Glu Arg Ile Met Phe Leu Leu Ala Ser Tyr Ser Val Thr Gly Ile
305 310 315 320
Gln His Val Gln Phe Ser Leu Asn His Phe Ser Ser Asp Val Tyr Val
325 330 335
Gly Pro Pro Val Gly Asn Asp Trp Phe Lys Lys Gln Thr Ala Gly Thr
340 345 350
Leu Asn Ile Ser Cys Pro Ala Trp Met Asp Trp Phe His Gly Gly Leu
355 360 365
Gln Phe Gln Val Glu His His Leu Phe Pro Arg Met Pro Arg Gly Gln
370 375 380
Phe Arg Lys Ile Ser Pro Phe Val Arg Asp Leu Cys Lys Lys His Asn
385 390 395 400
Leu Thr Tyr Asn Ile Ala Ser Phe Thr Lys Ala Asn Val Leu Thr Leu
405 410 415
Glu Thr Leu Arg Asn Thr Ala Ile Glu Ala Arg Asp Leu Ser Asn Pro
420 425 430
Ile Pro Lys Asn Met Val Trp Glu Ala Val Lys Asn Val Gly
435 440 445
<210>5
<211>462
<212>PRT
<213>樱草(Primula juliae)
<400>5
Met Glu Asn Thr Phe Ser Pro Pro Pro Thr Asn Thr Asn Ser Asn Pro
1 5 10 15
Met Thr Lys Thr Ile Tyr Ile Thr Ser Ser Glu Leu Glu Lys His Asn
20 25 30
Lys Pro Gly Asp Leu Trp Ile Ser Ile His Gly Gln Val Tyr Asp Val
35 40 45
Ser Ser Trp Ala Ala Leu His Pro Gly Gly Ile Ala Pro Leu Leu Ala
50 55 60
Leu Ala Gly His Asp Val Thr Asp Ala Phe Leu Ala Tyr His Pro Pro
65 70 75 80
Ser Thr Ser Arg Leu Leu Pro Pro Phe Ser Thr Asn Leu Leu Leu Glu
85 90 95
Lys His Ser Val Ser Glu Thr Ser Ser Asp Tyr Arg Lys Leu Leu Asp
100 105 110
Ser Phe His Lys Met Gly Met Phe Arg Ala Arg Gly His Thr Ala Tyr
115 120 125
Ala Thr Phe Val Ile Met Ile Leu Met Leu Val Ser Ser Val Thr Gly
130 135 140
Val Leu Cys Ser Glu Asn Pro Trp Val His Leu Val Cys Gly Ala Ala
145 150 155 160
Met Gly Phe Ala Trp Ile Gln Cys Gly Trp Ile Gly His Asp Ser Gly
165 170 175
His Tyr Arg Ile Met Thr Asp Arg Lys Trp Asn Arg Phe Ala Gln Ile
180 185 190
Leu Ser Ser Asn Cys Leu Gln Gly Ile Ser Ile Gly Trp Trp Lys Trp
195 200 205
Asn His Asn Ala His His Ile Ala Cys Asn Ser Leu Glu Tyr Asp Pro
210 215 220
Asp Leu Gln Tyr Ile Pro Leu Leu Val Val Ser Pro Lys Phe Phe Asn
225 230 235 240
Ser Leu Thr Ser Arg Phe Tyr Asp Lys Lys Leu Asn Phe Asp Gly Val
245 250 255
Ser Arg Phe Leu Val Gln Tyr Gln His Trp Ser Phe Tyr Pro Val Met
260 265 270
Cys Val Ala Arg Leu Asn Met Leu Ala Gln Ser Phe Ile Leu Leu Phe
275 280 285
Ser Arg Arg Glu Val Ala Asn Arg Val Gln Glu Ile Leu Gly Leu Ala
290 295 300
Val Phe Trp Leu Trp Phe Pro Leu Leu Leu Ser Cys Leu Pro Asn Trp
305 310 315 320
Gly Glu Arg Ile Met Phe Leu Leu Ala Ser Tyr Ser Val Thr Gly Ile
325 330 335
Gln His Val Gln Phe Ser Leu Asn His Phe Ser Ser Asp Val Tyr Val
340 345 350
Gly Pro Pro Val Gly Asn Asp Trp Phe Lys Lys Gln Thr Ala Gly Thr
355 360 365
Leu Asn Ile Ser Cys Pro Ala Trp Met Asp Trp Phe His Gly Gly Leu
370 375 380
Gln Phe Gln Val Glu His His Leu Phe Pro Arg Met Pro Arg Gly Gln
385 390 395 400
Phe Arg Lys Ile Ser Pro Phe Val Arg Asp Leu Cys Lys Lys His Asn
405 410 415
Leu Thr Tyr Asn Ile Ala Ser Phe Thr Lys Ala Asn Val Leu Thr Leu
420 425 430
Glu Thr Leu Arg Asn Thr Ala Ile Glu Ala Arg Asp Leu Ser Asn Pro
435 440 445
Ile Pro Lys Asn Met Val Trp Glu Ala Val Lys Ash Val Gly
450 455 460
<210>6
<211>24
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>6
atmagyatyg gttggtggaa rtgg 24
<210>7
<211>23
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>7
aatccaccrt graaccartc cat 23
<210>8
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>8
cacacatgac cggataaaac gaccagt 27
<210>9
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>9
gggaatgtac tggaggtcag ggtcgta 27
<210>10
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>10
cgtgcagttc agcttgaacc atttctc 27
<210>11
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>11
tgcagggaca ctcaacatat cgtgccc 27
<210>12
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>12
gtaggttggt ggagaaggga gggagga 27
<210>13
<211>27
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>13
ggaaggggga tggtaagcga ggaaagc 27
<210>14
<211>33
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>14
gtcgacatgg aaaacacatt ttcaccacca cct 33
<210>15
<211>33
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>15
gtcgacatga ctaagaccat ttacataacc agc 33
<210>16
<211>34
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>引物
<400>16
cctgcaggtc acccgacatt tttaacagcc tccc 34
<210>17
<211>1290
<212>DNA
<213>粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)
<400>17
atggctgtca ctactaggtc acacaaagcc gccgctgcca ccgaacctga agttgtgtct 60
acaggagtgg atgcagtcag cgctgccgca ccaagcagta gtagctcctc atcctcccaa 120
aagtcagctg agcctatcga atatccagac atcaagacaa ttcgtgacgc tataccagac 180
cactgcttta gacctcgcgt ttggatatcc atggcgtact ttattcgcga ttttgcaatg 240
gctttcggcc tcggatactt ggcatggcaa tacatccctt tgattgcaag taccccattg 300
agatacggag cttgggcttt gtacggttac ctccagggac tcgtctgtac tggaatttgg 360
atcttggctc acgaatgcgg tcacggagcc ttttctagac acacctggtt caacaacgtt 420
atgggttgga ttggtcactc tttcctacta gtcccatatt ttagctggaa attttcccat 480
caccgtcatc ataggttcac cggacatatg gaaaaagata tggcgttcgt tccagccacg 540
gaggcggaca gaaatcagag aaaactagct aatctctata tggacaaaga gactgcggag 600
atgttcgagg atgttcctat tgtgcagttg gttaaactaa ttgctcacca actcgccggt 660
tggcagatgt atctcttgtt caacgttagt gccggaaaag gctccaaaca gtgggaaacc 720
ggcaaaggtg gaatgggatg gctccgcgtg agccatttcg aaccaagttc agccgttttc 780
agaaacagcg aagcaattta catagctcta agcgatctcg gacttatgat tatgggatac 840
attctctacc aggcagccca agttgttgga tggcaaatgg ttggtctctt gtattttcaa 900
cagtacttct gggttcacca ttggctcgtt gccatcactt accttcatca cacacacgaa 960
gaagttcacc actttgatgc agattcttgg acatttgtta agggtgccct cgctaccgtg 1020
gacagagact tcggtttcat cggcaagcac ctcttccata acatcattga ccatcatgtt 1080
gttcatcacc tcttcccaag aatccctttc tactacgctg aagaagctac caattcaata 1140
agacctatgc tcggacctct ttaccacaga gatgaccgtt ctttcatggg gcaactctgg 1200
tacaacttca cacactgcaa atgggttgtc cctgatcctc aagtgccagg tgctctaatc 1260
tgggctcaca ccgttcagag tactcagtaa 1290
<210>18
<211>1209
<212>DNA
<213>构巢曲霉(Aspergillus nidulans)
<400>18
atggccgcaa ccgcgaccac tctcgctgaa atagaaaaga agaaggaaga gattacacta 60
cagacaatca agaatgccat accaaagcac tgttttaacc gtagtttgct tatttcaagt 120
gcctacgtcg tcagagacct cctctacgca tcagttttgt tctattttgc acttcatatt 180
gatacgctct tctcatccca gctccttagg atcttggcat ggacagctta cggtttcatg 240
caaggctgcg tgggaacggg tatatggata ttggcacatg aatgcggaca cggagctttt 300
agcccttacc aaacctggaa cgacgttgtt gggtggaccc ttcattctct tctcatggtc 360
ccttacttct cttggaaaat aacccacgca aggcaccaca gatatacgaa caataccgag 420
agggacacag ccttcgttcc ctggaccgag aaggaatacg acaccagacc tcgttacttc 480
cctgcatggt tcgagatgtt tgaagacaca ccagtgtata acttgatttc attgctcgcc 540
catcagatcg ccggctggca aatgtacctc tgcttctacg tctcagccgg agccaaaagt 600
aagcctgttc cacaaggcaa gcagtccgga tggtttggag gtcaacaatc tgcatcacac 660
tttgacccag gaagctctct atggaccgaa aaccagcgcc atctaatcgc aatctccgac 720
cttggactcc ttctcgtggc cgccgcgaat tggtacttgg ctcaacaagt tggtgttcta 780
agaatggtgc tcatttacgt cgtcccctac ttttgggtcc accactggct agtcgccatc 840
acgtacctcc accacactca cccatccata ccacactaca ccgactctac ctggacattc 900
actaaaggag cactctcaac agtggatcgt gacttcggat ttataggaag gcacttcttt 960
caccacatca ttgatcacca cgtcgttcat cacttgttca ataggatacc attctatcac 1020
gcagaggaag ctactaacgc aataatacca gttctcggtg atatgtacca tagagaagaa 1080
accggattcc tctggagtct tatggaaact tataaaaact gtcgctttgt tggcgtggag 1140
aacgatgtgg gtaaggaggg agttctccat tgggttttcg aagaaaagaa aggcgctaaa 1200
gctgaatag 1209
<210>19
<211>1290
<212>DNA
<213>粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)
<400>19
atgacggtca ccacccgcag ccacaaggcc gcggccgcca ccgagcccga ggttgtcagc 60
accggcgttg acgccgtctc tgctgctgct ccctcctcct cctcctcctc ttccagccaa 120
aagtcggccg agcccatcga ataccccgac atcaagacca tccgcgacgc catccccgac 180
cactgcttcc gcccgcgcgt ctggatctcc atggcctact tcatccgcga cttcgccatg 240
gcctttggcc tcggctacct cgcctggcag tacatccccc tgatcgcctc caccccgctc 300
cgctacggcg cctgggctct gtacggctac ctccagggtc tcgtctgcac gggcatctgg 360
attctggcgc acgagtgcgg ccacggcgcc ttctcgaggc acacgtggtt caacaacgtc 420
atggggtgga ttggccactc cttcctcttg gtcccttact tcagctggaa gttcagccac 480
catcgccacc atcgcttcac cggccacatg gagaaggaca tggcgtttgt gcctgccacc 540
gaggctgatc gcaaccagag gaagctggcc aacttgtaca tggacaagga gacggccgag 600
atgtttgagg atgtgcccat tgtccagctc gtcaagctca tcgcccacca gctggccggc 660
tggcagatgt acctcctctt caacgtctcc gccggtaagg gcagcaagca gtgggagact 720
ggcaagggcg gcatgggctg gttgagggtt agccactttg agccttcctc tgctgtgttc 780
cgcaactccg aggccatcta cattgccctg tccgatcttg gtctcatgat catgggctat 840
atcctctacc aggccgcgca ggttgttggc tggcagatgg taggtctgct gtacttccag 900
cagtacttct gggttcacca ttggttggtc gccatcactt acctccacca cacccacgag 960
gaagtccacc actttgacgc cgactcgtgg accttcgtca agggcgctct cgccaccgtc 1020
gaccgcgatt ttggcttcat tggcaagcac ctcttccaca acattatcga ccaccacgtc 1080
gtccaccact tgttccctcg catccccttc tactacgccg aagaagccac caactcgatc 1140
cgccccatgc tcggccccct ctaccaccgc gacgaccgct ccttcatggg ccagctgtgg 1200
tacaacttca cccactgcaa gtgggtcgtt ccggaccccc aggtccccgg cgcgcttatt 1260
tgggcgcaca ccgttcagag cacccagtaa 1290
<210>20
<211>1290
<212>DNA
<213>粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)
<400>20
atggcggtca ccacccgcag ccacaaggcc gcggccgcca ccgagcccga ggttgtcagc 60
accggcgttg acgccgtctc tgctgctgct ccctcctcct cctcctcctc ttccagccaa 120
aagtcggccg agcccatcga ataccccgac atcaagacca tccgcgacgc catccccgac 180
cactgcttcc gcccgcgcgt ctggatctcc atggcctact tcatccgcga cttcgccatg 240
gcctttggcc tcggctacct cgcctggcag tacatccccc tgatcgcctc caccccgctc 300
cgctacggcg cctgggctct gtacggctac ctccagggtc tcgtctgcac gggcatctgg 360
attctggcgc acgagtgcgg ccacggcgcc ttctcgaggc acacgtggtt caacaacgtc 420
atggggtgga ttggccactc cttcctcttg gtcccttact tcagctggaa gttcagccac 480
catcgccacc atcgcttcac cggccacatg gagaaggaca tggcgtttgt gcctgccacc 540
gaggctgatc gcaaccagag gaagctggcc aacttgtaca tggacaagga gacggccgag 600
atgtttgagg atgtgcccat tgtccagctc gtcaagctca tcgcccacca gctggccggc 660
tggcagatgt acctcctctt caacgtctcc gccggtaagg gcagcaagca gtgggagact 720
ggcaagggcg gcatgggctg gttgagggtt agccactttg agccttcctc tgctgtgttc 780
cgcaactccg aggccatcta cattgccctg tccgatcttg gtctcatgat catgggctac 840
atcctctacc aggccgcgca ggttgttggc tggcagatgg tgggtctgct gtacttccag 900
cagtacttct gggttcacca ttggttggtc gccatcactt acctccacca cacccacgag 960
gaagtccacc actttgacgc cgactcgtgg accttcgtca agggcgctct cgccaccgtc 1020
gaccgcgatt ttggcttcat tggcaagcac ctcttccaca acattatcga ccaccacgtc 1080
gtccaccact tgttccctcg catccccttc tactacgccg aagaagccac caactcgatc 1140
cgccccatgc tcggccccct ctaccaccgc gacgaccgct ccttcatggg ccagctgtgg 1200
tacaacttca cccactgcaa gtgggtcgtt ccggaccccc aggtccccgg cgcgcttatt 1260
tgggcgcaca ccgttcagag cacccagtaa 1290
<210>21
<211>2391
<212>DNA
<213>高山被孢霉(Mortierella alpina)
<400>21
caggatcggc ggcagcggtg gcaggagcca aggagcaggc tccagacgct gcttaggaac 60
cggggacccg ggagtgcccg caccctgagc tctcagctcc ggaggcgtca tggcagagta 120
cggaactctc cttcaggacc tgaccaacaa catcaccctt gaagatctgg aacagctcaa 180
gtcagcctgc aaggaggaca tccccagtga gaagagtgag gagatcacca caggcagcgc 240
ctggtttagc ttcctggaga gccacaacaa gctggacaaa gacaacctct cctacataga 300
gcacatcttt gagatatctc gccgtcctga cctcctcact atggtggttg actacagaac 360
ccgtgtgctg aagatctctg aggaggagga gctggacacc aagctaaccc gtattcccag 420
tgccaagaag tacaaagaca ttatccggca gccctctgaa gaagaaatca tcaaattggc 480
tcccccacca aagaaggcct gaacaagggg gaggaagagg aggaaggttg gatcttcatc 540
agaccactcc cttccccatc ctcaatggga ggggctaggg caaccccctg ctccgtaccc 600
atttactaac ttggtcctaa cccttactat gcgcgtgtgt gtcggtgtgc gcacgctctg 660
gctgtctgtc tgtctagctc atctagttcc tcctcctcat gaggggattg gaggcaaggg 720
agggggagct taattccccc cactataggg ggaggtggac gctttttcta tgtaaacaga 780
aattggcaca ttcctcctcc ttctcccctt tcctccactc ttcccccaca tctttatgga 840
agcagaaagg acctgcattt tcctacactg aggagctatg gtgaagatga ggtatgggag 900
agatggttgt atctaaagaa aaccagtggg gaaggaaggt aaagaggcca ctcaacctcc 960
acctggtaag ggacaaagaa aagccaggac tcagtgtttg tatctctatg ctggactggt 1020
tagaagccag cttcccgctg ttcccttagg ctgaggtcct gagtgccaat gggccctcct 1080
tatgcccttg ttatgggcct gggatgcgga tgagccagaa atcttaatga gaagaccact 1140
cgatcctttc ctggtcccaa agatcaaacc ccaatggaga agccagcatt tactgtcccc 1200
caaccttctg ctctggagag acgatgccgg gaccatgcac tactgagcct gagctaggga 1260
cgcaggcaga gacaggccca cttcctgctc ctcagtttct aaatacagac tgttggataa 1320
actgacctgg agcctaggga gattggggga tgagatcctt aggttttaac cccaacctgc 1380
ccacaaccta cagagtattg taggcaacct ttccactctc cagtttagaa ttctccaagc 1440
aagtagttaa ttacagtgtt tcctttgcac tgaccaccac cctgattcaa tccaggaagg 1500
gactggtaac ctttctcatt tgggtttgtg gatgccacac agccaagtca ctagagtgca 1560
gtgagtgaac ccagcctcct ccctgtccca agatgccctt ccccatcttg accgtgctaa 1620
ctgtgtgtac atatatattc tacatatatg tatattaaac ccgcactgcc atgtctgccc 1680
ttttttgtgg tttttagcat taacttattg tctaggccag agcgggagtg ggaggggatg 1740
ccacagaaag gaagtggcag agccaaattg ttacagagtc caaacagaaa acacatttca 1800
actaaccaca acaaatgtta catttacatg tgagctaaga gacaatttag agaaagatga 1860
aggtaggtgc ttttaggatg tgggagcaaa acttcacagg gaggggagga atggctgtca 1920
gaagagggtt cttgaagcca gactgactag agcaccctca gttcctagct gagcccagat 1980
tgcccatctc ctctggccac tgctgcagac acctgcctta actctcacac ctcgaagact 2040
ccagttttgc cttaaaggtc cttcctaaat ctccctagtc ttgcctggca tctcctttaa 2100
gacaagaaat ccttgtacaa ctgggtggga gaaaggaact ctgggtaaca tccttccttc 2160
tggggtgttc catgggagca ggagtgagac ggcgcttccc ttatggaaga gggaggagac 2220
agggtgcttc tcagaagctt ctctgtaagg caaaaaccaa actttaaaca gactaacctg 2280
ccctaatata ctcaccccct cgtgctgctg tgaggttgct cctagcctgt gctcctctgt 2340
ctgcagcgtg cacagccttg ttctaaccct ggaataaagg tgactgactc t 2391
<21O>22
<211>522
<212>DNA
<213>人工序列
<220>
<221>修饰碱基
<222>(200)...(511)
<223>N=A、C、G或T
<220>
<223>人工序列的描述:合成引物
<400>22
ttacagtaca gtcaatcacc tttattccag ggttagaaca aggccgtgca cactgcagac 60
aggagcacag gatggggaca atctcacagc cgtacagggt gggagggcag gttagtcttt 120
ttaggttatt tttgccttac agagagattt ctagactctg ctggaaatga ccctgtctcc 180
cttctcccat ctcccccctc ctctcctcan agaaggctcc tattccttcc tcctcttccc 240
cctctcgctc tcgctcgctc tcacgcacat tctcacatca cgtaatcctg accggaagga 300
cagtcgtgct cagctccccc ctcccaattc tacaagtgcc tctcggtcct ggagggagaa 360
gcagacaggg ctggggcatc tcggggaggt cctttaaggc aaaactgngg agtactccag 420
gtgtccgtgt taaggcaggt gtccccanca ntggccaaaa gggacggctg ggctgggctg 480
gctgggcgtg caaggttgtt ccnggcccgn nggtttcttc tt 522
Claims (33)
1.一种内源玉米种子油,所述油中顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸(18:4n-3)含量为约0.1%至约33%。
2.权利要求1的玉米种子油,其中顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸含量选自约12%至约15%、约10%至约33%、约15%至约32%、约20%至约30%和约25%至约30%。
3.权利要求1的玉米种子油,其中所述玉米种子油定义为含有选自以下含量的γ-亚麻酸:低于约7.5%、低于约5%和低于约3%。
4.权利要求1的玉米种子油,其中顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸与γ-亚麻酸的比率选自约1∶1至约10∶1、约2∶1至约10∶1、约3∶1至约5∶1和至少约3∶1。
5.权利要求1的玉米种子油,其中所述油中ω-3脂肪酸与ω-6脂肪酸的比率选自约0.5%∶1至约10∶1、约5∶1至约10∶1和至少约5∶1。
6.一种玉米种子,所述玉米种子含有权利要求1的种子油。
7.权利要求6的玉米种子,定义为近交种子。
8.权利要求6的玉米种子,定义为杂交种子。
9.一种玉米植物,所述玉米植物产生权利要求1的种子油。
10.权利要求6的玉米植物,定义为近交植物。
11.权利要求6的玉米植物,定义为杂交植物。
12.一种分离的多核苷酸,所述多核苷酸选自:
(a)含有SEQ ID NO:8的核酸序列的多核苷酸;
(b)在5X SSC、50%甲酰胺和42℃的条件下,与SEQ ID NO:8杂交的多核苷酸,其中所述多核苷酸编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和;和
(c)与SEQ ID NO:8的核酸序列具有至少90%序列同一性的多核苷酸,其中所述多核苷酸编码具有去饱和酶活性的多肽,该多肽使脂肪酸分子在碳6去饱和;和
(d)序列(a)、序列(b)或序列(c)的互补序列。
13.权利要求12的多核苷酸,进一步定义为含有SEQ ID NO:9的核酸序列。
14.一种重组构建体,所述构建体包括权利要求12的分离的多核苷酸。
15.一种转基因植物,所述转基因植物是用权利要求14的重组构建体转化的。
16.一种产生种子油的方法,所述方法包括在植物生长条件下,使权利要求9的植物生长直到植物产生所述的种子油。
17.一种增加用于人或非人类动物消耗的食用产品营养价值的方法,所述方法包括在食用产品中加入权利要求1的玉米种子油。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中所述食用产品选自人用食品、动物饲料和食品补充剂。
19.权利要求17的方法,其中所述玉米种子油使食用产品中的顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸含量增加。
20.权利要求17的方法,其中所述玉米种子油使食用产品中的ω-3脂肪酸与ω-6脂肪酸的比率增加。
21.权利要求17的方法,其中在加入所述玉米种子油之前,所述食用产品缺乏顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸。
22.一种生产食品和/或饲料的方法,所述方法包括向原料成分中加入权利要求1的玉米种子油以生产食品和/或饲料。
23.通过权利要求22的方法生产的食品或饲料。
24.一种向人或非人类动物提供顺-6,9,12,15-十八碳四烯酸的方法,所述方法包括给予所述人或非人类动物权利要求1的玉米种子油。
25.权利要求24的方法,其中所述玉米种子油是以食用组合物给予的。
26.权利要求25的方法,其中所述食用组合物是食品或饲料。
27.权利要求26的方法,其中所述食品包括饮料、浸制食品、酱油、调味品、色拉调味料、果汁、糖浆、甜点心、挂糖霜和馅料、软质冷冻产品、糖果或中等水分食品。
28.权利要求26的方法,其中所述食用组合物是供陪伴动物用的食品或饲料。
29.权利要求25的方法,其中所述食用组合物基本上是液体或固体。
30.权利要求25的方法,其中所述食用组合物是食品补充剂和/或营养制品。
31.权利要求24的方法,其中所述玉米种子油是给予人的。
32.权利要求24的方法,其中所述玉米种子油是给予非人类动物的。
33.权利要求32的方法,其中所述玉米种子油是给予牲畜或家禽的。
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CA (1) | CA2562548C (zh) |
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- 2005-04-15 CN CNA2005800192091A patent/CN1968688A/zh active Pending
- 2005-04-15 EP EP05736285.7A patent/EP1734947B1/en active Active
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- 2005-04-15 BR BRPI0509944-7A patent/BRPI0509944A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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AU2005235081A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
AU2005235081B2 (en) | 2011-06-16 |
US20130338386A1 (en) | 2013-12-19 |
WO2005102310A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
AR048613A1 (es) | 2006-05-10 |
AR099694A2 (es) | 2016-08-10 |
ES2541537T3 (es) | 2015-07-21 |
EP1734947B1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
EP2902021A1 (en) | 2015-08-05 |
BRPI0509944A (pt) | 2007-09-25 |
EP1734947A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
JP2014209920A (ja) | 2014-11-13 |
JP2007533310A (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
US8378186B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
CA2562548C (en) | 2019-08-20 |
US11034983B2 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
EP2902021B1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
CA2562548A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
US20080260929A1 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
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