CN1866796B - SDMA visible light wireless access system - Google Patents
SDMA visible light wireless access system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1866796B CN1866796B CN200610035725A CN200610035725A CN1866796B CN 1866796 B CN1866796 B CN 1866796B CN 200610035725 A CN200610035725 A CN 200610035725A CN 200610035725 A CN200610035725 A CN 200610035725A CN 1866796 B CN1866796 B CN 1866796B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space division multiple access visible light wireless access system, which comprises the following parts: access exchange (2), center side fiber optic array(1) which is composed of several center side fiber optics (4) and several user side fiber optics (3), wherein the access exchange (2) connects several center side fiber optics (4) through interface cable (16); the center side fiber optics (4) of center side fiber optic array(1) aim several user side fiber optic (3) by visible light laser beam which makes up communication chain circuit; the communication chain circuit can use upward and descending two parallel laser beams to makeup duplex communication relation with corresponding point and use descending laser beam to makeup simplex communication relation with corresponding point. The invention reduces the cost, which is convenience to fix.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention is a kind of SDMA visible light wireless access system, belongs to the innovative technology of communication access net.
Background technology:
The frame mode of existing communication Access Network has multiple, how to accomplish when the realization Access Network is broadband that low cost is the difficult problem of order communication industry headache always.Wherein, optical fiber inserts can solve bandwidth problem, but equipment cost is high, lays, difficulty continues.Wireless radiofrequency inserts and to have solved the laid down cost problem, and the use but limited bandwidth, electromagnetic wave resource in short supply need be paid, people are to electromagnetic pollution the promoting the use of of it of effects limit such as more and more having paid close attention to.Copper cable inserts and has utilized existing copper cable resource, but user's utilized bandwidth is limited, and the private right of copper cable resource has limited competition simultaneously, makes the consumer can't freely select the service provider of likeing.Advantages such as the wireless light communication technology that receives publicity recently has the broadband simultaneously concurrently, do not take paying electromagnetic spectrum resource, zero laid down cost have overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned various technology.But existing wireless light communication technology custom is continued to use near infrared band, causes on-the-spot installing and aligning difficulty, need accomplish alignment work by various devices such as the finder telescope that presets in the machine, light intensity indicator usually.For this reason, be in factory in advance the correct transmission optical axis, receive optical axis and aiming optical axis, accomplish three unifications accurately, and need the accurate firm optical-mechanical structure of design guarantee that this three unifications do not receive factor affecting such as temperature, transportation vibration.These have required significantly to increase equipment and the labour cost of making debugging.In addition, infrared optical system, infrared electro device all are higher than visible light optical system and photoelectric device on manufacturing cost and buying expenses.Above-mentioned all factors cause the market price of existing infrared radio optical communication equipment expensive, can't be in the access device marketing utilization to cost sensitivity.In addition, based on the equipment for wireless light communication of infrared band, the orientation of its projected spot and size can't Direct observation and controls, when the user is intensive, are difficult to realize the space division multiple access multiplex mode, also influenced its competitiveness in Access Network market.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming and provide a kind of high-speed wideband, production cost low, save mounting cost, the butt joint debugging is convenient, is convenient to realize the SDMA visible light wireless access system of space division multiple access multiplex mode simultaneously.The optical transceiver equipment price of the present invention's special use is cheap, easy to use, makes the optical communication broadband access equipment become the daily necessities that huge numbers of families afford to use.
Structural representation of the present invention is like Fig. 1, shown in 2; The central side optical transceiver array (1) and several user side optical transceivers (3) that include access switch (2), form by several central side optical transceivers (4); Access switch (2) is connected with several central side optical transceivers (4) respectively through interface cable (16), and several central side optical transceivers (4) that constitute central side optical transceiver array (1) are connected to several user side optical transceivers (3) through the visible laser beam that constitutes communication link respectively.
Above-mentioned every communication link can be constituted point-to-point duplex communication relation or only constituted point-to-point simplex relation by descending laser beam by up, descending two bundles laser beam parallel and in the opposite direction.
Above-mentioned central side optical transceiver (4) and user side optical transceiver (3) include optical sender (6), optical receiver (7) and optic electric interface protocol converter (8) three parts, or only comprise an one or two parts wherein.During transmission information, information via interface cable (16) is sent into optical transceiver from information source separately, and the Ethernet code stream of sending here from interface cable (16) is converted into the optical communication interface sign indicating number optic electric interface protocol converter (8), be sent to optical sender (6) through cable (18).During reception information; The optical communication interface code stream of optical receiver (7) output is sent into optic electric interface protocol converter (8); The optical communication interface code stream is converted into standard ethernet communication protocol code stream in optic electric interface protocol converter (8), sees off via interface cable (16).
Above-mentioned optical sender (6) includes semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26), semiconductor laser light source (9), transmitting optics antenna (10); Semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26) converts the pulse voltage of optical communication interface code stream into pulse current; Pulse current drives semiconductor laser light source (9) and sends the pulse laser that comprises transmission information; Transmitting optics antenna (10) is thin narrow laser beam with the pulse laser collimation, communicates information to the other side's optical receiver (7) via free space.
The visible light operation wavelength λ of above-mentioned semiconductor laser light source (9) is 380nm＜λ＜750nm.
Above-mentioned optical receiver (7) includes and receives optical antenna (12), preventing stray light diaphragm (19), reception hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11), optical receiving circuit (22), receives hot spot inspection hole (23) (24), observes speculum (25), projected spot film viewing screen (26); Wherein receive optical antenna (12) and receive the projected spot that laser beam that the other side's optical sender (6) sends forms near square optical receiver (7); After the part luminous power of intercepting is filtered through preventing stray light diaphragm (19); Locate to generate the reception hot spot at reception hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11); And be converted into the signal of telecommunication; Photo-detector (11) is connected with realizing the optical receiving circuit (22) that signal amplifies, shaping is nursed one's health; The output of optical receiving circuit (22) is connected with the input of optic electric interface protocol converter (8), and the standard ethernet communication protocol code stream of optic electric interface protocol converter (8) is seen off through interface cable (16).
Also be provided with band pass filter (20) between above-mentioned preventing stray light diaphragm (19) and the photo-detector (11).
The collimating optical system of above-mentioned transmitting optics antenna (10) for constituting by monolithic or multi-disc optical lens; Receiving optical antenna (12) is glass lens or plated film curved reflector; Light source (9) and the total same emission optical axis of transmitting optics antenna (10); Photo-detector (11) with receive the total same reception optical axis of optical antenna (12), the span that receives the available field of view angle θ of optical antenna (12) is 0 °＜θ≤20 °, photo-detector (11) is a silicon PIN photoelectric diode.
Above-mentioned optical sender (6) is equipped with independently optical axis direction micro-adjusting mechanism (13) and (14) respectively with optical receiver (7).
Lateral separation between the optical receiver (7) of above-mentioned any two user side optical transceivers (3) is not less than the twice that the other side throws the laser spot diameter of coming, and the angle that the optical receiver (7) of any two central side optical transceivers (4) receives optical axis is not less than the twice that receives optical antenna (12) angle of visual field.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1) the present invention's broadband high-speed of having gathered optical communication does not take the zero laid down cost that the paying electromagnetic spectrum is communicated by letter with wireless radiofrequency, and the advantage of not destroying architectural environment has overcome both shortcomings again; Because visible light laser can see through windowpane easily, so the high-rise user who lives even can user's optical transceiver be installed in inboard, angle on the window.Both avoided the exterior wall operation in high-altitude, the vertical wirings that does not need again to go to war in the building causes that the neighbourhood disputes.
2) the present invention adopts the operation wavelength of visible light as the wireless optical Access Network; Overcome that existing wireless light communication product facility volume is big, complex structure, manufacturing cost be expensive; Shortcomings such as debugging work is loaded down with trivial details have shown the competitive advantage on family expenses broadband access equipment market especially with advantages such as high-performance, low price, installation adjustment are easy.
3) the present invention brings into play the characteristics of visible laser beam, has created the connecting system of space division multiple access.The method of time division multiple access, wavelength division multiple access or the code division multiple access that adopts with existing fiber Access Network, wireless radiofrequency Access Network is compared; Have whole bandwidth that the user can exclusively enjoy communication link; Entire system Circuits System optical system structure is simple and clear, and cost is lower, fault advantage still less.
4) space division multiple access method of the present invention can also accomplish in same sub-district, to repeat simply to lay several similar visible light wireless access networks; Can break telecom operators' monopolizing of in advance entering the sub-district like this to Access Network; Help each telecom operators and carry out benign competition, make the user that more selection arranged on broadband communication services.
The present invention be a kind of high-speed wideband, production cost low, save mounting cost, the butt joint debugging is convenient, is convenient to realize the SDMA visible light wireless access system of space division multiple access multiplex mode simultaneously.The optical transceiver equipment price of the present invention's special use is cheap, easy to use, makes the optical communication broadband access equipment become the daily necessities that huge numbers of families afford to use.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of central side optical transceiver of the present invention (4) and user side optical transceiver (3).
Embodiment:
Embodiment:
Structural representation of the present invention is like Fig. 1, shown in 2; The central side optical transceiver array (1) and several user side optical transceivers (3) that include access switch (2), form by several central side optical transceivers (4); Access switch (2) is connected with several central side optical transceivers (4) respectively through interface cable (16), and several central side optical transceivers (4) of central side optical transceiver array (1) are connected to several user side optical transceivers (3) through the visible laser beam that constitutes communication link respectively.
Above-mentioned every communication link can be constituted point-to-point duplex communication relation or only constituted point-to-point simplex relation by descending laser beam by up, descending two bundles laser beam parallel and in the opposite direction.
In the present embodiment; Include 24 user side optical transceivers (3); 24 subscriber computers (15) and interface cable (16); Access switch (2) has 1 external 100/1000M Ethernet interface and 24 internal 10/100M self adaptation Ethernet interfaces (RJ45), and external interface is through inserting electricity/optical cable (17) and backbone network interconnection, and this interconnection also can adopt visible light wireless access system provided by the invention to realize.Simultaneously, access switch (2) is accomplished following function according to the standard switchboard agreement: 1. each user's distributing signal in this Access Network; 2. compile each subscriber signal and be uploaded to backbone network; 3. be implemented in the intercommunicating packets of information exchange of each subscriber computer (15) in this Access Network.
In the present embodiment; 24 central side optical transceivers (4) are installed in the central side optical transceiver array (1); These central side optical transceivers (4) respectively with 24 user side optical transceivers (3) by corresponding in twos formation 24 communication links of visible laser beam; Every communication link forms point-to-point full-duplex communication pattern by up, descending two bundles visible laser beam parallel and in the opposite direction, the angle of divergence through the control laser beam and optical receiver (7) optical antenna (12) carried out the optical design of the narrow angle of visual field, and the present invention is easy to accomplish to only depend on the difference at position and the laser beam incident angle of projected spot to distinguish the dimensional orientation (address) of different user; So the present invention constitutes a typical space division multiple access access net system; In the space division multiple access mode that the present invention adopts, the differentiation of each station address only relies on the difference in each bar laser beam final position, or the difference of incident angle realizes; Every communication link all can use separately wavelength, speed and time slot arbitrarily among the present invention; Each communication link does not influence each other or pins down, and has realized multi-user's full bandwidth concurrent working simultaneously, has avoided the problems such as crosstalking each other and divulge a secret of each subscriber signal simultaneously yet.Above-mentioned space division multiple access mode has followed the mode of operation of existing Ethernet fully in signal allocation and exchange; Can make full use of the exchange chip of ripe ethernet communication on the circuit; In enhance system reliability, lowered system cost, promoted competitiveness of product.
The present invention can realize the concurrent working of several similar Access Networks through increase new access switch (2), central side optical transceiver array (1) and corresponding one group of user side optical transceiver (3) thereof at the same area, accomplishes separately, does not disturb mutually.
The present invention is when the duplex communication pattern, and above-mentioned central side optical transceiver (4) is formed with user side optical transceiver (3) structure can be identical, comprises by optical sender (6), optical receiver (7), optic electric interface protocol converter (8)., can optic electric interface protocol converter (8) be packed into when there is redundant space inside at optical receiver (7), both are become one.Optical sender (6) links to each other with optic electric interface protocol converter (8) through cable (18).Optical transceiver (5) also comprises functional parts such as the indispensable electromagnetic interference shielding facility of communication electronic equipment, power supply in addition.
Above-mentioned optical receiver (7) includes the universal adjustment support (13) that receives optical antenna (12), preventing stray light diaphragm (19), bandpass filter (20), reception hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11), optical receiving circuit (22), receives hot spot inspection hole (23) (24), observation speculum (25), reception optical axis, projected spot film viewing screen (27).Receive antenna aperture and the access communications distance dependent of optical antenna (12), the optional φ 110mm of diameter of communication distance reception optical antenna during for 1000m; And when communication distance is in 30m, receive optical antenna (12) in addition can save need not, this moment, the window of photo-detector (11) chips served as reception optical antenna (12).The bandwidth of band pass filter (20) can be selected according to the bias light interference strength flexibly, disturbs and also can save when little, to reduce the cost.Photo-detector in the present embodiment (11) is selected the BPX-65 silicon PIN diode of OSRAM for use.Near the projected spot that the laser beam that the other side's optical sender (6) sends forms square optical receiver (7); After the part luminous power that wherein is received optical antenna (12) intercepting is filtered through preventing stray light diaphragm (19), bandpass filter (20), locate to generate and receive hot spot receiving hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11).Through accurate adjustment optical receiver (7), the most of luminous power that receives hot spot can get into photo-detector (11), and is converted into the signal of telecommunication.Amplification, shaping conditioning through optical receiving circuit (22); The signal of telecommunication be resumed for the optical communication interface 4B5B code stream of standard send into optic electric interface protocol converter (8), in optic electric interface protocol converter (8); The optical communication interface code stream is further converted into standard ethernet communication protocol code stream, sees off via interface cable (16).
On the other hand; The information that needs to send also is to send into optical transceiver (5) through interface cable (16) from the information source of correspondence; The Ethernet code stream of sending here from interface cable (16) is converted into optical communication interface sign indicating number (4B5B sign indicating number) optic electric interface protocol converter (8), be sent to optical sender (6) through cable (18).
Optical sender (6) includes the universal adjustment support (14) of semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26), semiconductor laser light source (9), transmitting optics antenna (10), adjustment emission optical axis direction.Semiconductor laser light source (9) is relevant with communication distance through the laser power that transmitting optics antenna (10) sends; Be about 5mW (meeting IEC60825ClassIIIA eye-safe international standard) during communication distance 1000m, communication distance 100m with interior can≤1mW (meeting IEC60825ClassII eye-safe international standard).Semiconductor laser is selected the laser diode of wavelength 650nm or 635nm series for use, and through the high temperature ageing Screening Treatment.Semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26) converts the pulse voltage of optical communication interface sign indicating number (4B5B sign indicating number) into pulse current; Pulse current drives semiconductor laser light source (9) and sends the pulse laser that comprises information; Transmitting optics antenna (10) communicates information to the other side's optical receiver (7) for thin narrow laser beam via free space with above-mentioned pulse laser collimation, thereby has accomplished the overall process of information transmit-receive in the present invention.
Above-mentioned emission optical axis and the aligning that receives optical axis can be directly be observed the laser projections hot spot respectively through human eye and judge with the position that receives imaging facula and adjust, needn't be by the auxiliary alignment means of other optics or electronics.
Above-mentioned access switch (2) have accomplish signal on download, compile and functions such as distribution, inner exchanging; The minimum light mouth or the electricity mouth that should possess of this access switch (2) towards backbone network; N electricity mouth or light mouth towards center light terminal array, the traffic rate≤10Gb/s of these light mouths or electricity mouth meets corresponding network interface protocols simultaneously; When not needing with outside backbone network exchange message; Rely on the inner exchanging function of access switch (2), the present invention also can constitute an internal lan with n user node, also available network hub replacement of access switch (2) during without the inner exchanging function.
Corresponding with the working method of above-mentioned SDMA visible light wireless access system, the present invention has comprised that also a cover utilizes the visible laser beam projected spot to carry out the technical method that both sides' optical transceiver is aimed at fast each other, and its practical implementation step is following:
1. through the angle of divergence of the square transmitting optics antenna of adjustment (10), make at the other side's projected spot film viewing screen (27) and go up the complete projected spot of appearance, make the projected spot somewhat larger in diameter of locating at the other side's optical receiver (7) simultaneously in the shell sizes of optical receiver (7).The universal adjustment support (14) of careful fine setting optical sender (6); The shade that optical receiver (7) profile is formed in hot spot is placed in the middle; Accomplish that the projected spot center overlaps with the center that receives optical antenna (12) basically, accomplished the adjustment of optical sender (6) emission optical axis direction like this.Projected spot film viewing screen (27) also can be made the front portion that be placed in optical receiver (7) with the translucent thin plate of perforate, effect with before identical.Projected spot film viewing screen (27) only is an adjustment instrument, and it is dismountable to have adjusted the back, also can be substituted like light metope by similar object;
2. on the basis of accomplishing the adjustment of the other side's optical sender (6) optical axis direction; Through receiving hot spot inspection hole (23) (24) and observing speculum (25) and observe position and the moving direction that receives hot spot; Meanwhile finely tune the universal adjustment support (13) of optical receiver (7); Until the photosensor chip center inregister that receives spot center and photo-detector (11), the status indicator lamp display communication link that is provided with on the optic electric interface protocol converter connects normal, and all adjustment promptly comes to an end.
When the above-mentioned SDMA visible light wireless access system of design and installation, should guarantee that laser beam path reaches following requirement:
(1) do not receive blocking of barriers such as building, automobile;
(2) stop all pleasing to the eye possibilities of laser direct projection.
Because the powerful fault-tolerant error correction of computer Ethernet, small objects such as flying bird are interdicted the normal operation that in fact laser beam can not influence Ethernet once in a while.
Claims (6)
1. SDMA visible light wireless access system; The central side optical transceiver array (1) and several user side optical transceivers (3) that it is characterized in that including access switch (2), form by several central side optical transceivers (4); Access switch (2) is connected with several central side optical transceivers (4) respectively through interface cable (16), and several central side optical transceivers (4) of central side optical transceiver array (1) are aimed at several user side optical transceivers (3) through the visible laser beam that constitutes communication link respectively; Above-mentioned every communication link can be constituted point-to-point duplex communication relation or only constituted point-to-point simplex relation by descending laser beam by up, descending two bundles laser beam parallel and in the opposite direction; Above-mentioned central side optical transceiver (4) and user side optical transceiver (3) include optical sender (6), optical receiver (7) and optic electric interface protocol converter (8) three parts; The information via interface cable (16) that needs to send is sent into optical transceiver from information source separately; The Ethernet code stream of sending here from interface cable is converted into the optical communication interface sign indicating number optic electric interface protocol converter (8); Be sent to optical sender (6) through cable (18); The optical communication interface code stream of optical receiver (7) output is sent into optic electric interface protocol converter (8), and the optical communication interface code stream is converted into standard ethernet communication protocol code stream in optic electric interface protocol converter (8), sees off via interface cable (16); Above-mentioned optical sender (6) includes semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26), semiconductor laser light source (9), transmitting optics antenna (10); Semiconductor laser device driving circuit (26) converts the pulse voltage of optical communication interface code stream into pulse current; Pulse current drives semiconductor laser light source (9) and sends the pulse laser that comprises transmission information; Transmitting optics antenna (10) is thin narrow laser beam with the pulse laser collimation; Communicate information to the other side's optical receiver (7) via free space, and near the projected spot that formation can be observed directly by human eye the other side's optical receiver (7); Above-mentioned optical receiver (7) includes and receives optical antenna (12), preventing stray light diaphragm (19), reception hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11), optical receiving circuit (22), receives hot spot inspection hole (23) (24), observes speculum (25), projected spot film viewing screen (26); After the part luminous power that wherein receives optical antenna (12) intercepting in the projected spot that the other side's laser beam forms is filtered through preventing stray light diaphragm (19); Locate to generate the reception hot spot that can observe directly by human eye receiving hot spot imaging screen (21), photo-detector (11); And converted into the signal of telecommunication by photo-detector (11); Photo-detector (11) is connected with realizing the optical receiving circuit (22) that signal amplifies, shaping is nursed one's health; The output of optical receiving circuit (22) is connected with the input of optic electric interface protocol converter (8), and the standard ethernet communication protocol code stream of optic electric interface protocol converter (8) is seen off through interface cable (16).
2. SDMA visible light wireless access system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the visible light operation wavelength λ of above-mentioned semiconductor laser light source (9) is 380nm＜λ＜750nm.
3. SDMA visible light wireless access system according to claim 1 is characterized in that also being provided with band pass filter (20) between above-mentioned preventing stray light diaphragm (19) and the photo-detector (11).
4. according to each described SDMA visible light wireless access system of claim 1 to 3; It is characterized in that the collimating optical system of above-mentioned transmitting optics antenna (10) for constituting by monolithic or multi-disc optical lens; Receiving optical antenna (12) is glass lens or plated film curved reflector; Light source (9) and the total same emission optical axis of transmitting optics antenna (10); Photo-detector (11) with receive the total same reception optical axis of optical antenna (12), the span that receives the available field of view angle θ of optical antenna (12) is 0 °＜θ≤20 °, photo-detector (11) is a silicon PIN photoelectric diode.
5. SDMA visible light wireless access system according to claim 4 is characterized in that above-mentioned optical sender (6) and optical receiver (7) are equipped with independently optical axis direction micro-adjusting mechanism (13) and (14) respectively.
6. SDMA visible light wireless access system according to claim 5; It is characterized in that lateral separation between the optical receiver (7) of above-mentioned any two user side optical transceivers (3) is not less than the come twice of laser spot diameter of the other side's projection, the angle that the optical receiver (7) of any two central side optical transceivers (4) receives optical axis is not less than the twice that receives optical antenna (12) angle of visual field.
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| CN200610035725A CN1866796B (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | SDMA visible light wireless access system |
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| CN200610035725A CN1866796B (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2006-05-31 | SDMA visible light wireless access system |
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| CN1866796B true CN1866796B (en) | 2012-10-17 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103368648B (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2017-05-03 | 深圳光启智能光子技术有限公司 | Visible light communication system based on time division multiple access |
| US9143230B2 (en) * | 2012-12-01 | 2015-09-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for communications using visible light communications signaling in combination with wireless radio signaling |
| CN103152102A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-06-12 | 广东工业大学 | Full-duplex free space wireless optical communication terminal machine |
| CN104539359A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-22 | 南京复实通讯科技有限公司 | Visible light communication system and single cylinder receiving and transmitting structure thereof |
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