Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of substratum that the boat-shaped algae is grown fast.
Boat-shaped algae culture medium called after ZWN provided by the present invention, its prescription is: saltpetre, 180-220mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, 18-22mg; Water glass, 270-330mg; The urea element, 7-9mg; Vitamins B
1, 350-450 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 5-7mg; Iron(ic) chloride, 5-7mg; Seawater is settled to 1L.
The screening formulation of substratum is: saltpetre, 200mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, 20mg; Water glass, 300mg; The urea element, 8mg; Vitamins B
1, 400 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 6mg; Iron(ic) chloride, 6mg; Seawater is settled to 1L.
In order to prevent that in culturing process boat-shaped algae is subjected to the pollution of assorted algaes such as green alga, also is added with the 350-450mg/L potassiumiodide in substratum; Be preferably 400mg/L.
Seawater is handled before the preparation substratum as follows: 1) regulating natural sea-water pH with hydrochloric acid is 2-4, leaves standstill 12-24h; 2) regulate pH to 7.0-8.0 with NaOH.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of using ZWN culture medium culturing boat-shaped algae provided by the present invention.
Use the method for ZWN culture medium culturing boat-shaped algae, comprise the steps: 1) dispose substratum with seawater; 2) be 1 in Nitzschia closterium minutissima with the culture volume ratio: the ratio of 5-9 is inoculated into Nitzschia closterium minutissima in the substratum, at 19-25 ℃, and intensity of illumination 3000-6000Lux, aerated culture under the light application time 8-12h/ days conditions.
The air flow of culturing process is 0.5m
3/ min; Cultivate and to reach the cultivation terminal point in 6-8 days.Preferred culture condition is: temperature is 25 ℃; Intensity of illumination is 5000Lux; Light application time is 10h/ days.
Artificial culture boat-shaped algae relates generally to the gordian technique of two aspects: i.e. the control of the composition of substratum and green alga pollution.ZWN substratum provided by the present invention can make the boat-shaped frustule utilize the nutritive ingredient of substratum fast, reaching cell divides fast, growth cycle shortens 3-4 days than traditional f/2 substratum, and can be beneficial to the accumulation of boat-shaped algae biomass, exceeds 0.4-1 doubly than traditional substratum; In the ZWN substratum, add potassiumiodide, can effectively reach the purpose of control green alga pollution, can adopt open training method to obtain boat-shaped algae and target product thereof on a large scale, culture fishery and marine organisms pharmacy are had crucial meaning.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, the cultivation of boat-shaped algae in the ZWN substratum
1, ZWN substratum preparation
1) get the natural seawater that leaves standstill of 1L, adding 1N hydrochloric acid adjusting seawater pH is 3, leaves standstill 12h, disgorging; Adding 1N NaOH then, to be adjusted to pH be about 7.5, leaves standstill disgorging.
2) quantitatively take by weighing various nutritive salt in the ZWN prescription: saltpetre (KNO
3), 200mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC (NaH
2PO4), 20mg; Water glass (Na
2SiO
3L0H
2O), 300mg; Urea element (NH
2)
2CO, 8mg; Vitamins B
1, 400 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2EDTA), 6mg; Iron(ic) chloride (FeCl
3), 6mg.
3) above-mentioned substance is dissolved in 1) in the gained seawater, and be settled to 1000 milliliters, add the 400mg potassiumiodide then.
2, the cultivation of boat-shaped algae
The used boat-shaped algae of present embodiment has three kinds, is respectively boat-shaped algae YT01, boat-shaped algae LY01, boat-shaped algae LY02.These three kinds of diatoms be the contriver at 2001-2002 respectively from Yantai, beach, Lianyun Harbour gathers, and separates the back in the laboratory and obtains, and preserves the algae kind as the contriver laboratory.
Boat-shaped algae algae kind density is 3 * 10
5Cells/ml is inoculated in the ZWN substratum by 1: 5 volume ratio, is that 25 ℃, light application time are under 10h/ days, light intensity 5000Lux condition, with 0.5m in temperature
3/ min air flow aerated culture.
With f/2 substratum substratum in contrast, training method is with last identical.
Three kinds of boat-shaped algaes in ZWN substratum and f/2 substratum growth curve as shown in Figure 1, A, B, C are respectively boat-shaped algae YT01, LY01, the LY02 that cultivates among the figure in the ZWN substratum; D, E, F are respectively boat-shaped algae YT01, LY01, the LY02 that cultivates in the f/2 substratum.
The result shows that these three kinds of boat-shaped algaes growth cycle in the ZWN substratum is 6-8 days, and is different and variant with ratio with the inoculum density of initial incubation.Generally working as algae kind density is 3 * 10
3Cells/ml, inoculative proportion are 1: 5 o'clock, cultivate promptly to enter exponential phase of growth on the 2nd day, and algae cell density reached maximum value in 6-7 days; Then be 3-5 days stationary phase, the frustule of this moment divides, growth is slack-off, growth ending.Compare with the f/2 substratum, the boat-shaped algae entered logarithmic phase in advance in 4 days, and biomass exceeds 0.4-1 respectively doubly.
The composition of embodiment 2, boat-shaped algae frond lipid acid in the ZWN substratum
According to following formulated ZWN substratum: saltpetre, 180mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, 22mg; Water glass, 270mg; The urea element, 9mg; Vitamins B
1, 350 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 7mg; Iron(ic) chloride, 5mg; Seawater is settled to 1 liter, and it is 400mg/L that the adding potassiumiodide makes its concentration.
With ZWN is substratum, is that 25 ℃, light application time are that 8h, inoculum size are aerated culture boat-shaped algae 8 days under 1: 9, light intensity 5000Lux condition in temperature, and other operations are identical with embodiment 1.After cultivating end, collect the frond cell, press the composition that the GC-MS method is measured frond lipid acid, the result is as shown in table 1, and wherein i-14:0 represents ten tetra-carbonics in the table; 15:0 represents 15 carbonic acid; 16:2 (n-6) represents hexadecadienoic acid; Ai-17:0 represents 17 carbonic acid; All the other similarly.
The result shows, is main component with its frond polyunsaturated fatty acid of boat-shaped algae of ZWN culture medium culturing with EPA, GLA and DHA, is respectively 31.8-11.1%, 15-18% and the 1.84-7.82% of total fatty acid content.
Table 1. is formed (accounting for total fatty acids per-cent) with several boat-shaped frond lipid acid that ZWN cultivates
Lipid acid is formed |
Boat-shaped algae YT01 |
Boat-shaped algae LY01 |
Boat-shaped algae LY02 |
??i-14:0 ??15:0 ??i-17:0 ??16:2(n-6) ??ai-17:0 ??17:0 ??18:3(n-6) ??20:5(n-3) ??22:6(n-3) ??24:1(n-9) |
??5.1 ??1.4 ??20.68 ??2.18 ??0.23 ??3.86 ??11.1 ??18.32 ??7.82 ??1.27 |
??2.4 ??5.5 ??27.39 ??5.14 ??1.39 ??9.14 ??3.18 ??15.39 ??1.84 ??2.91 |
??2.19 ??6.4 ??29.84 ??1.97 ??5.98 ??8.89 ??6.79 ??17.94 ??2.39 ??10.14 |
Other lipid components of 24:0 |
??3.85 ??10.1 |
??3.3 ??22.42 |
??3.66 ??13.95 |
Embodiment 3, potassiumiodide ZWN substratum are to the preventive and therapeutic effect of boat-shaped algae green alga pollution
According to following formulated ZWN substratum: saltpetre, 220mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, 18mg; Water glass, 330mg; The urea element, 7mg; Vitamins B
1, 450 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 5mg; Iron(ic) chloride, 7mg; Seawater is settled to 1 liter.
Adding potassiumiodide in the part substratum, to make its concentration be 450mg/L, and another part does not add potassiumiodide, is that 19 ℃, light application time are that 12h/ days, inoculum size are that (algae kind density was 3 * 10 in 1: 9 in temperature
5Cells/ml), aerated culture boat-shaped algae 10 days under the light intensity 5000Lux condition, other operations are identical with embodiment 1.The growth curve of boat-shaped algae YT01 in two kinds of substratum as shown in Figure 2, A is ZWN substratum+400mg/L potassiumiodide among the figure; B is the ZWN substratum.
The result shows, in the ZWN substratum, and postvaccinal the 5th day, the quantity of unicell green alga begins rapid rising, these unicell green algas discharge boat-shaped algae amicine to substratum in the process of growth, thereby the growth of boat-shaped algae is suppressed, and cause cultivating failure; In nutrient solution, add the potassiumiodide of 400mg/L, can effectively prevent the pollution of green alga; Also can effectively contain unicell green alga in the boat-shaped algae culturing liquid that has polluted, be embodied in unicell green alga class population quantity and increase and to stop and reducing gradually, on the many walls of the unicell green alga of survival attached to the vessel level top.
The influence that embodiment 4, potassiumiodide are cultivated for the boat-shaped algae
According to following formulated ZWN substratum: saltpetre (KNO
3), 200mg; SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC (NaH
2PO4), 20mg; Water glass (Na
2SiO
310H
2O), 300mg; Urea element (NH
2)
2CO, 8mg; Vitamins B
1, 400 μ g; Disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na
2EDTA), 6mg; Iron(ic) chloride (FeCl
3), 6mg; Seawater is settled to 1 liter.
Adding potassiumiodide in the part substratum, to make its concentration be 400mg/L, another part does not add potassiumiodide, then with two kinds of substratum with 0.2 μ m filtering with microporous membrane degerming, under aseptic condition, inoculate, cultivate boat-shaped algae algae kind YT01 by 1: 9 inoculum size, culture condition is identical with embodiment 1.
Boat-shaped algae YT01 at the growth curve of two kinds of substratum as shown in Figure 3, A is the ZWN substratum among the figure; B is ZWN substratum+400mg/L potassiumiodide.The growth indexes such as latent period, growth cycle and biomass that the boat-shaped algae is cultivated are as shown in table 2.
The result shows that accumulation does not have restraining effect to the potassiumiodide of this concentration to the boat-shaped algae biomass.
Table 2. potassiumiodide is to the influence of boat-shaped algae growth indexes
Evaluation index |
ZWN+ potassiumiodide 400mg/L |
??ZWN |
Latent period growth cycle |
1 day 6~8 days |
1 day 6~8 |
Biomass |
??1.5~1.7g/L |
??1.6~1.7g/L |
After cultivating end, collect frond, measure the unsaturated fatty acid content of frond cell according to a conventional method, the result is as shown in table 3, and method for expressing is identical with embodiment 2 in the table.The result shows that after potassiumiodide added the ZWN substratum, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid of boat-shaped algae is not significant to be changed, and EPA content slightly increases.
Table 3. potassiumiodide is cultivated the influence of boat-shaped algae content of polyunsaturated fatty acid to ZWN
Lipid acid is formed |
The ZWN substratum |
ZWN substratum+potassiumiodide 400mg/L |
Other lipid components of i-14:0 15:0 i-17:0 16:2 (n-6) ai-17:0 17:0 GLA 18:3 (n-6) EPA 20:5 (n-3) DHA 22:6 (n-3) 24:1 (n-9) 24:0 |
??5.1 ??14 ??20.68 ??2.18 ??0.23 ??3.86 ??11.1 ??18.32 ??7.82 ??1.27 ??3.85 ??10.1 |
??4.9 ??1.6 ??21.68 ??1.17 ??0.24 ??4.1 ??10.5 ??18.1 ??8.42 ??1.48 ??2.85 ??12.1 |