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CN1309606A - 嵌块玻璃层压板 - Google Patents

嵌块玻璃层压板 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1309606A
CN1309606A CN99808612A CN99808612A CN1309606A CN 1309606 A CN1309606 A CN 1309606A CN 99808612 A CN99808612 A CN 99808612A CN 99808612 A CN99808612 A CN 99808612A CN 1309606 A CN1309606 A CN 1309606A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
glass
veneer sheet
abaculus
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN99808612A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
B·维尔林登
J·P·塔翁
L·韦尔默朗
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert NV
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert NV filed Critical Agfa Gevaert NV
Publication of CN1309606A publication Critical patent/CN1309606A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
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    • B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1033—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing temporary protective coatings or layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/10981—Pre-treatment of the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • C03C27/10—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
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  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种挠性层压板,其包括作为第一层的挠性载体和作为第二层的具有厚度10μm－500μm的玻璃层,其中第一层或第二层是非连接的、嵌块层。在图的实施方案中,塑料箔1上具有多个薄的、毗连的玻璃板2,其被间隔3分离。层压板可具有功能层,例如使用网纹涂敷法(web coating)或印刷方法提供功能层,然后,可以容易地在嵌块之间的间隔中切割,以得到多个玻璃层压板。

Description

嵌块玻璃层压板
发明领域
本发明涉及一种含有薄玻璃层和挠性支承层的挠性层压板，其中两层中的一层是非连接的嵌块(segment)层。该层压板特别适于用作电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管中的基质。
发明背景
EP-A 716 339描述了使用薄的、挠性玻璃卷材(g1ass web)的工艺方法，可以将该玻璃卷材绕制在芯子上以得到玻璃卷筒。可以将玻璃展开并用连续网纹(web coating)涂敷方法涂上功能层。所述的挠性玻璃的特征在于(ⅰ)厚度低于1.2mm，(ⅱ)断裂应力(在拉伸应力下)等于或高于1×107Pa和(ⅲ)弹性模数(杨氏模量)等于或低于1×1011Pa。按照这些技术要求的玻璃当然是挠性的并且可以像通常已知的塑料、金属或纸基质一样绕制在芯子上。然而，由于施加在玻璃卷材表面上的强烈的局部压力足以破坏玻璃，卷材破损的可能性高。当进行工业规模的生产时，由于该方法的间断性，失去了与连续卷材涂敷方法有关的优点，在涂敷过程中，甚至卷材破损的最小可能性也被消除了。
在WO 87/06626中也认识到上述问题，其中它提到，当卷曲时，具有1-15密尔厚度的薄玻璃几乎立即破碎。作为保护绕制在芯子上的玻璃卷材的办法，WO 87/06626描述了对防止玻璃与玻璃接触的垫层(interleave)的应用。所述的垫层是非磨料如压纹聚酯膜。然而，当将玻璃卷材从它的芯子上展开时，垫层与玻璃分开，并从那时起，产生与EP-A 716 339有关的如上所描述的相同的问题。
1998年10月7日申请的EP-A 669 205,WO 98/6455和1998年9月9日申请的WO 98/5748描述了其中将玻璃层粘附于载体如塑料箔的层压板。当使用薄玻璃时，例如使用EP-A-716339中所描述的玻璃时，玻璃/塑料层压板是挠性的，并且可以被绕制在芯子上，使得应用网纹或辊涂敷法涂敷功能层成为可能。该玻璃层压板结合了玻璃和塑料的优点，并且可作为用于制造电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管的热稳定和尺寸稳定的基质。使用该玻璃/塑料层压板作为基质所得到元件的特征在于其比全玻璃基元件的重量轻，并且在基质的加工过程中或在元件跌落时破裂的可能性较低。此外，由于玻璃层的存在，有效地减少了可以使功能层退化的气体如氧气和水蒸气的扩散，因此这种元件的特征在于其比塑料基元件的寿命更长。
有两个与这些玻璃层压板相关的问题。为了得到挠性玻璃层压板卷材，必需将挠性玻璃卷材层压到挠性载体的卷材如塑料箔上。如同上面所描述的那样，挠性玻璃的加工有破裂的高风险，其降低了层压过程的产率。
另一个问题与玻璃层压板的切割有关。目前，从尺寸高达500×400或甚至高达650×550mm的基质，可以生产各种平板显示器如LCD。由具有功能层的两块玻璃基质组合成为夹层母板，然后切割基质，从一块板中得到2-9块模块(显示单元)。使用作基质的玻璃/塑料层压板需要复杂的切割工具，特别是，当考虑到一般是不对称切割LCD的基质时，即为了得到Z-形边缘，在不同的位置切割基质需要复杂的切割工具。由于所产生的碎片可能严重地影响设备的运行，某些方法(例如研磨方法)不能用于切割显示板，其通常是在严格干净的室内条件下生产的。除了与显示模块有关的特殊问题外，由于玻璃和载体如塑料箔的不同机械特性，玻璃层压板本身难于切割，所以需要复杂的切割工具。在US 4,558,622、US 5,704,959、US5,475,196和US 4,739,555中描述了用于同时从两面切割层压玻璃的一些方法。然而，这些方法不适合于切割装配的包括两玻璃夹层的组合层压板作基质的显示单元。
在现有技术中已公开了嵌块的玻璃/载体层压板，其中一层是由毗连的嵌块组成的非连接的层。US 5,558,827描述了一种模拟铅条玻璃，它包括由多个经模拟铅条间隔开的塑料窗复制玻璃方格组成的强化玻璃基片。为了避免在机械冲击下的裂缝扩展，US 4,774,143描述了一种具有不连续的玻璃嵌块层的层压窗结构。这两种玻璃层压板是非挠性的结构应用，其不适于生产电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管。
发明综述
本发明的一个目的是提供一种挠性薄玻璃层压板，该层压板是由使用网纹涂敷法(web coating)或印刷方法在其上放置一层或几层功能层形成的，并且该层压板容易被切割成用作电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管中的基质的薄玻璃层压板的板材。可通过权利要求1所定义的层压板实现该目的。所述玻璃层具有良好的抗渗性并且厚度低，因此能得到具有改进寿命的轻的元件。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种以高产率生产挠性薄玻璃层压板的方法。可通过权利要求6所定义的方法实现该目的。
在各从属权利要求中公开了本发明优选实施方案的具体特征。另外，从下面的说明中可以显而易见本发明的各优点和各实施方案。
附图说明
图1是本发明挠性层压板的示意图。
发明详述
本发明的层压板包括作为第一层的挠性载体和作为第二层的薄玻璃层，其中所述层中的一层是包括多个毗连的或邻接的嵌块的非连接层。在此，非玻璃层是指“载体”。
在此所用的毗连的意思是指“邻近平放而不接触”，在此所用的邻接的意思是指“边界接触或分界线接触”。与相互间隔的毗连嵌块相反，邻接嵌块是接触的，例如在玻璃层压板中玻璃层被断口，因此包括多个接触嵌块，玻璃层通过裂缝线相连接。在非常优选的实施方案中，嵌块是相互间隔的毗连嵌块。可将构成层之一含有预形成的不穿透整个层的凹槽(例如，由于存在这种预先形成的凹槽，玻璃板容易破裂成不同的段)的层压板理解为等同于“多个邻接嵌块”，并且包括该层的层压板也包括在附加的各权利要求的范围内。
在图1的实施方案中，塑料载体1上具有多个薄的、毗连的玻璃板2(显示出20个不同的板)。玻璃板被间隔3分离，使得用常规工具如刀、剪子延该间隔或通过载体的就地熔融而容易地切割层压板。
根据本发明的另一实施方案，层压板可以包括具有多个毗连的或邻接的载体材料(如塑料箔)嵌块的连接的薄玻璃层。再有，用已知的玻璃切割工具如金刚石切割器、砂轮、激光等在嵌块之间的间隔或分界线上容易切割该层压板。该实施方案的组成用图1来表示，在薄玻璃板1上具有多个毗邻的载体板2。使用玻璃切割工具和方法可以容易地在间隔3中切割该层压板。
本发明层压板的嵌块具有可控制的尺寸和轮廓，即，不能无规地得到，如通过用机械冲击(例如，锤)打碎玻璃层得到碎裂图形。在优选的实施方案中，嵌块具有方形或类矩形板的轮廓，适合于作生产电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管中的基质。优选所有的嵌块具有一致的尺寸和/或一致的轮廓。
根据本发明，通过相对于由第二种材料构成的层安置多个由第一种材料构成的板，和然后层压所述的板至所述的层上，以得到包括多个毗连的、邻接的嵌块的非连接层，而制成上述的层压板。作为例子，相对于已具有粘合剂层塑料箔的卷材可以安置薄玻璃板，然后，同时地或连续地层压到塑料箔上，以得到由多个相互间隔的玻璃嵌块构成的层。
根据本发明生产层压板方法的另一个实施方案，将由第一种材料构成的第一层层压到由第二种材料构成的第二层上，并因此得到层压板的各层中的一层，然后使用上述所提到的工具中的一种将其切成嵌块。例如，将较大的玻璃板或卷材层压到大约相同尺寸的塑料箔上，然后将玻璃或塑料层切成不同的嵌块。
在本发明中所用的玻璃是挠性玻璃，其厚度不小于10μm和不大于500μm。对于某些应用，优选厚度小于350μm或甚至低于200μm。对于脆性较低的，优选厚度不小于30μm或甚至不小于50μm。
所述玻璃可以是钠浮法玻璃，化学钢化玻璃或硼硅玻璃。可以通过在金属辊之间挤出半熔融的玻璃将这种玻璃制成薄的卷材。US 4,388,368描述了下面的生产挠性玻璃板的方法。在1550℃拉伸并轧辊熔融的钠钙玻璃(按重量计，Na2O·CaO·SiO2=15∶13∶72)。用夹子在两端支撑如此形成的玻璃，并在约350℃加热。其后，在向玻璃板吹温度低于前述加热温度(例如，约700℃)的热风时，拉伸玻璃板至原始板材面积的1.05-10倍。这样，玻璃板在薄的部分快速冷却，保持如此拉伸的玻璃板的厚度均匀。在JP-A 58,095,622中已经描述了类似的方法。在JP-A 58,145,672所描述的另一方法中，向上拉熔融的玻璃卷材并且立即用大的辊在熔融金属浴的表面上水平拉，随后渐渐冷却。如此得到的玻璃具有改进的平整度。
化学钢化浮法玻璃的强度比普通浮法玻璃的强度大。化学钢化玻璃是一种其中在两个表面层中的原始碱金属离子至少部分地被具有较大半径的碱金属离子所取代的玻璃。在化学钢化钠钙硅酸盐玻璃中，接近玻璃表面的钠离子至少部分被钾离子取代，并且在化学钢化锂钙硅酸盐玻璃中，接近表面的锂离子至少部分被钠离子和/或钾离子取代。用于生产化学钢化玻璃的已知方法正如在JP-A-56,041,859、GB1,208,153和USP 3,639,198中所描述的工艺，其中将玻璃暴露在离子交换的条件下。例如，在1965年6月出版的“玻璃技术”，第6卷，第三期，pp90-67中给出了关于化学钢化玻璃更详细的内容。
本发明应用的非常优选的玻璃是比普通钠浮法玻璃更坚固的薄硼硅玻璃。硼硅玻璃包括SiO2和B2O3。例如在US-P4,870034、4,554,259和5,547,904中已经描述了一些硼硅玻璃的详细成分。
例如可从Pilkington公司和康宁公司购得的挠性薄玻璃。优选在本发明的方法中所使用的薄硼硅玻璃是例如从德国特种玻璃公司(德国，黛萨格)，属于Schott集团公司购得的型号AF45和D263的厚度低至30μm的玻璃。根据由黛萨格(Desag)于1995年出版的工业手册“无碱与低碱薄玻璃”，副题“AF45与D263：用于电子应用的薄玻璃”，可得到厚度30μm、50μm、70μm、100μm、145μm、175μm、210μm、300μm、400μm、550μm和700μm的硼硅玻璃。
优选在本发明的方法中所用的挠性载体的厚度小于500μm，更优选小于250μm，和最优选小于100μm。载体可以是金属箔、纸或从一种或几种选自下面的材料所形成的塑料，这些材料是聚醚树脂、纤维素树脂如二乙酸纤维素、三乙酸纤维素和乙酸丁酯、聚醚砜(PES)树脂、丙烯酸树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、苯氧基树脂、苯氧基-尿烷树脂、氨基甲酸乙酯树脂、聚醚-酮树脂、聚醚-醚-酮树酯、聚酰亚胺-酰胺树脂、聚碳酸酯(PC)树脂、聚砜树脂、聚乙烯树酯或聚丙烯树脂。还可以使用共聚物，例如丙烯腈、苯乙烯和丁二烯的共聚物或环-烯烃(cyclo-olephine)共聚物(COCs)如包括聚二环戊二烯(PDCP)的共聚物。最优选PET、PC、PES和PDCP。通过高温方法涂敷功能层时，优选PES和PDCP。换句话说，载体可以由一些上述所提到的树脂材料的所形成的多层构成。
用于层压玻璃至载体上的方法是众所周知的。通过所谓的真空层压方法可以不使用粘合剂而对两层进行层压。为了用真空层压方法得到玻璃层和载体之间的有效的结合，优选两种材料的特征在于其具有低的表面粗糙度，例如优选载体不含有所谓的间隔剂(spacing agent)，间隔剂经常被加入到塑料箔中或在箔上的涂料中以防止附着。
除了真空层压方法外，还可使用双面胶带或粘合剂层，其是通过涂敷例如热熔、压敏或热敏粘合剂，或UV或可电子束固化粘合剂得到的。换句话说，稍潮的凝胶层还可以用作粘合剂层。在1998年10月7日申请的WO 98/6455，和1998年9月9日申请的WO 98/5748中描述了适用的粘合剂层的更多资料。可以将粘合剂层涂敷在玻璃片、载体上，或二者兼而有之，并且可以用剥膜层(仅在层压前去掉)保护。聚乙烯是非常优选的粘合剂，其可以被涂敷成介于玻璃和载体之间的箔。
本发明的挠性层压板可以为板式或卷材式，并且可卷绕到一个芯上。一种层压板，其中玻璃层是非连接的层，由于在毗连或邻接的玻璃嵌块之间有一分界线，因此该板与现有技术中所公开的薄玻璃层压板相比具有改进的柔韧性，层压板的柔韧性只由载体决定。
优选的是，在被切成分离的基质前，例如用作电子元件如平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管中的基质前，层压板具有功能层。特别优选后面的方法，这是因为与目前所用的间歇方法相比，该方法使工业化辊对辊地生产元件(如平板显示器)成为可能，其可以显著地降低工艺成本。通过溅射、物理蒸汽沉积、化学蒸汽沉积以及通过从液体涂料溶液涂敷如旋转涂、浸涂、滚涂、刮刀涂、空气刀涂、凹版印刷涂、逆辊涂、挤压涂、滑板涂和幕涂，可以将功能层涂到层压板的玻璃或载体面上。可在“现代涂敷与干燥技术”，EdwardCohen与Edgar B.Gutoff编，1992年VCH出版社出版，纽约州纽约市中找到这些涂敷技术的概述。例如用涂敷技术如滑板涂或幕涂可以同时涂敷多个层。
在涂敷一种或多种功能层后，可以将层压板卷绕到一个芯上，或直接切割成分离的基质。换句话说，层压板可被切割成不具有功能层的分离的基质，并且可以用间歇涂敷方法(一个板一个板地涂)涂敷该层。还可以在层压前将功能层涂敷到玻璃或载体上。
现在更详细地说明可以涂敷到本发明挠性层压板上的功能层。更具体的功能层是被用于电子的或电子元件如平板显示器(FPD)、光电池(通常叫做太阳能电池)或发光二极管(LED)，特别用于有机LEDs(OLEDs)的。应当理解，本发明的挠性层压板除了用作在此所提到的电子元件外，还可以用作其它的应用。
非常优选的FPD是液晶显示器(LCD)。典型的LCD单元包括两个平行基质的模块，各载在其内表面导电层上，和液晶取向层(也叫做定位层)上。在彩色LCDs中，各基质之一也可以具有色彩过滤器。可将这些导电层、定位层、和色彩过滤器看作能涂敷于本发明层压板的功能层。
液晶取向层一般包括机械摩擦的聚酰亚胺膜，使得液晶分子与摩擦方向定位一致。可以在例如1987年1月出版的“通过磨擦的橡胶层液晶的表面取向”，A.Mosley与B.M.Nicholas著，出版于Displays,pp.17-21中找到更多的资料。
包括氧化锡、氧化铟或锡掺杂的氧化铟(ITO)的涂料被广泛地用作在FPDs中的电导层，这是因为结合相当低的电阻率，这些材料在可见光谱区具有高的透明度。J.L.Vossen在“薄膜物理学”，pp.1-71,Academic Press,NewYork(Plenum Press,1977)中描述了例如通过以ITO为目标的RF-溅射涂敷ITO，或在“薄固体薄膜”，83卷，pp.259-260(1981)和72卷，pp.469-474(1980)中描述了以铟-锡为目标的可反应的DC磁控管溅射，接着热处理。
另外，有机导电聚合物的功能层比所用的无机基质(如ITO)更耐弯曲。DE-A-41 32 614公开了通过吡咯、噻吩、呋喃或芳香胺(或其衍生物)与电解液中所存在的砜化合物引起阳极氧化作用生产成膜、导电聚合物。在US5 254648和US 5 236 627中分别描述了电导性聚噻吩和聚吡咯的制备。在EP-A-440 957中描述了在水溶液环境中制备聚噻吩，并用水溶液涂敷聚噻吩的方法。如在US 5 312 681,US 5 354 613和US 5 391 472中所公开的，迄今为止，这种溶液在照片材料方面应用最广。在EP-A-686 662中已经公开了用含水组合物(具有高导电性)涂敷的聚噻吩层。
被涂敷到本发明层压板上的功能层还可以是非连接的功能层，例如，导电图形确定了电子元件如行和列在无源矩阵LCDS或薄膜晶体管中(TFTs)中用作多路寻址，和在有源矩阵LCDs中用作像素电极。为了涂敷这些图形，可以使用照相平版以及印刷技术。用其他技术例如层压后接着脱层、喷墨、喷色，电子照相平版或热升华还可以在层压板上形成非连接的层。
类似于上述导电图形和层的色彩过滤器不仅用于LDCs，还可用于其他FPD类型上，是涂敷到本发明层压板上的非连接功能层的另一例子。色彩过滤器可以是凝胶基的过滤器、真空沉积过滤器、印刷过滤器、干涉过滤器、电解沉积过滤器等。在下述资料中可以找到一些适宜的实施例，例如“用于彩色LCD的高质量有机颜料色彩过滤器”T.Ueno、T.Motomura、S.Naemura、K.Noguchi和C.Tani著，Japan Display,1986,pp.320-322；“使用光学干涉过滤器的具有高透明度的有源矩阵彩色LCD”,T.Unate、T.Nakagawa、Y.Matsushita、Y.Ugai和S.Acki著，SID Int.Display Conf.,pp.434-437,1989；“制备用于LCDs的多色彩过滤器的新工艺”,A.Matsumura、M.Ohata和K.Ishikawa著，SID Int.Dispaly Conf.,PP.240-2443,1990；Eurodisplay‘87 proceeding,pp.379-382和395-396；EP-B 396 824和EP-A-615 161。
本发明的层压板可用于生产无源矩阵LCDs以及有源矩阵LCDs如薄膜晶体管(TFT)显示器。其他特殊的例子是扭转向列(TN)、超扭转向列(STN)、双超扭转向列(DSTN)、延迟膜超扭转向列(RFSTN)、铁电体(FLC)、宾主向列(GH)、聚合物分散的(PF)、聚合物网络(PN)液晶显示器，等等。
得益于本发明的发射FPD型是例如等离子体显示器(PDs)、场致发射显示器(FEDs)和所谓的有机发光显示器OLDEs。在这类电发光的显示器中，在至少一个基质上的电导层或图形可以被非透明材料例如银或镍替代。
一般的PD包括封闭充气体积的两个基质，气体一般是惰性气体中的一种或几种的混合物。通过在充气空穴中具有高压的电极(一般在100V)充电，产生的等离子体放电发出紫外光。在许多设计中，将放电限制在由基质之间的绝缘材料的壁所形成的独立的单元(像素)中。UV光可以激发存在于单元壁上的荧光物质(phosphors)以得到彩色图像。为了消除等离体发射的橙光，在PDs中还可以使用色彩过滤器。通过涂敷绝缘体保护层，可以保护电导层或图形不受等离子体辐射，例如涂敷绝缘体保护层包括氧化铅或氧化镁。另外，所述的绝缘壁、荧光物质、色彩过滤器和绝缘体保护层可作为涂敷到本发明层压板上的(非连接的)功能层。
FEDs还包括具有功能层的两个基质。除了从LCDs和PDs已知的电导层和图形外，FED的基质之一具有大量的微电极头，例如包括作为显微镜电子枪的钼。当充电高达200-800V时，这些微电极头对在基质(通常载有ITO层作为相反的电极)对面的荧光物质层发射电子束。在FEDs中的导电层和图形，微电极头和荧光物质层也可作为涂敷到本发明层压板的上的功能层。
OLEDs是电发光元件，其中分别从阴极和阳极将电子和空穴(holes)射入电发光材料，例如电发光聚合物如聚(对-亚苯基亚乙烯基)(PPV)和其衍生物，芴衍生物或二苯乙烯基苯化合物，并且然后再结合成激子，由于辐射减弱，激子衰减成基态。例如在US 5,247,190和US5,401,827中已公开了一些具体的例子。公开有关OLEDs的详细资料如下：“有机电致发光材料与元件”，S.Miyata和H.S.Nalwa编，Gordon与Breach出版社(1997)；“有机电致发光元件”，科学，273卷，P.884(16.08.1996)；Philips研究月刊，51卷，第4期，P.518-524(1998)；Philips研究月刊，51卷，P.511-525(1998)；和inNature,347卷，P.539(1990)。
在典型的OLED中，在两基质之间存在下面的功能层：
-反射阴极，例如低功函数金属层如蒸发的钙。
-电发光层，例如PPV；例如在“有机发光二极管”，我们时代的化学，31.Jahrg.1997,No.2,p.76-86中描述了其他适宜的电发光层。
-空穴射入层，例如有机导电层。
-透明阳极，例如ITO层。
还可以将这些层作为涂敷于本发明层压板上的功能层。
尽管上述的OLED包括两个无机电极，但是优选元件是全部由有机层(玻璃板除外)组成的，因为这些有机层是耐弯曲的层，不同于易碎的无机层(如ITO)的层。这些元件可以包括如在Adv.Mater.vol.2,no.12,p.592(1990)中所述的完全有机薄膜晶体管和上述的有机导电层。
除了上述的元件外，得益于本发明的其他适用的电子元件是电解电容器、电路板、电致变色显示器和如在WO97/04398中所描述的电子薄，或光电池元件如包括类似于上述OLED结构的有机太阳能电池，其前提条件是，用在电子给体和电子受体之间发生光感应电子转移的组合物代替电发光层。

Claims (8)

1．一种挠性层压板，其包括作为第一层的挠性载体和作为第二层的具有厚度10μm-500μm的玻璃层，其中第一层或第二层是包括多个毗连的或邻接的嵌块的非连接层。
2．权利要求1的层压板，其中的玻璃具有30μm-350μm的厚度。
3．权利要求1的层压板，其中的玻璃具有50μm-200μm的厚度。
4．权利要求1至3的任一层压板，其中的玻璃是硼硅玻璃或化学钢化玻璃。
5．权利要求1至3的任一层压板，其中在第一层和第二层之间有一粘合剂层。
6．一种生产具有包括多个毗连的或邻接的嵌块的非连接层的挠性层压板的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤
-相对于由第二种材料构成的层安置多个由第一种材料构成的板；
-然后层压所述的板至所述的层；其中的第一种或第二种材料是厚度为10μm-500μm的玻璃。
7．一种生产具有包括多个毗连的或邻接的嵌块的非连接层的挠性层压板的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤
-层压由第一种材料构成的第一层至由第二种材料构成的第二层上；
-将第一层或第二层切割为嵌块；其中的第一种或第二种材料是厚度为10μm-500μm的玻璃。
8．一种生产平板显示器、光电池或发光二极管的方法，包括提供权利要求1-5中的任一具有功能层的层压板的步骤。
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DE69831325T2 (de) 2006-06-14
EP1098761A1 (en) 2001-05-16
JP2000062093A (ja) 2000-02-29
JP4392127B2 (ja) 2009-12-24
DE69914761D1 (de) 2004-03-18
EP0982121B1 (en) 2005-08-24

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