CN1275724C - Multifunction cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device - Google Patents
Multifunction cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1275724C CN1275724C CN 200410043790 CN200410043790A CN1275724C CN 1275724 C CN1275724 C CN 1275724C CN 200410043790 CN200410043790 CN 200410043790 CN 200410043790 A CN200410043790 A CN 200410043790A CN 1275724 C CN1275724 C CN 1275724C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses to a multifunctional cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device which relates to a metal shaping and directional solidification device. The cooling rate of the existing directional solidification device is limited by the heat leading-out rate of the solid phase end, the uniform cooling rate is difficult to obtain, and the production efficiency is low. The multifunctional cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device of the present invention comprises a vacuum system (14), a power supply, a control part (15), a supporting frame (16), a furnace body arranged on the supporting frame (16), and a cooling system (17), wherein a charge bar (2) is arranged in the furnace body (1), the charge bar (2) is arranged at the center of an induction coil (3), and the end head of the charge bar (2) is connected with a motor (4) through a feeding bar (5). The device of the present invention solves the problems of high-quality machining and precise shaping of various metal materials, enlarges the application of advanced materials on key equipment of traffic, energy, etc. and has a significant meaning for developing the material machining technology and carrying out large-scale scientific research.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of metal forming and device for directionally solidifying.
Background technology:
Material is the basis that the human society productive life is rely and carried out.Current, the material field is among the fast development, especially metal material, because its special physicochemical character, as high thermal conductivity, electric conductivity, opacity, glossiness and good intensity and plasticity, account for more than 90% of the daily use amount of material, but the use of material is all closely bound up with its process equipment and forming process, that is to say that equipment or means that materials processing is shaped are to realize the necessary condition of the final application target of material.Fast development along with economy, science and technology and Defence business, to high-quality, efficient, safe, special and the materials processing technology demand is comparatively urgent cheaply, therefore accordingly the materials processing means of particularization, precise treatment, economization are also just had higher requirement.Undoubtedly, Xian Jin materials processing means are important leverages that country an of nationality participates in fierce international overall situation competition.
Electromagnetic hydroimechanics is to specialize in the comprehensive knowledge of electromagnetic field and fluid interphase interaction, here said fluid especially refers to the hot fluid as the metal bath, act on it by electromagnetic field, electromagnetic field is given melt with the energy of self, so just, metal is produced heat effect and power effect, various ways material technology in electromagnetic processing such as the result has just occurred that electromagnetic induction fusing, electromagnetic agitation, the control of melt shape, drivings/suppression fluid are mobile, suspension and atomizing.The main feature of present material technology in electromagnetic processing development is: (1) changes from several hertz to tens megahertzes by the frequency range of selecting alternating electromagnetic field, extensively realizes technical process such as eddy-current heating, electromagnetic agitation, electromagnetism pressurization and electromagnetism conveying; (2) flowing of control liquid metals as flowing of molten steel in the Electromagnetic Control continuous cast mold, suppressed the turbulent flow of liquid in the cast steel tundish, carries out the side seal of thin strap continuous casting etc. as electromagnetism " dam ", can improve the metallurgical quality of material; (3) produce high-intensity D.C. magnetic field, by flowing of control liquid metals, process of setting such as the forming core of control liquid metals, growth, exploitation new material; (4) a large amount of utilizations in special magnetic field comprise shifting magnetic field, pulsed magnetic field, amplitude modulated magnetic field etc., for the exploitation of materials processing new technology provides assurance.
The Induction Melting Technology of metal and electromagnetic continuous-casting technology be electromagnetic hydroimechanics use in material hot-working field the example of comparative maturity.At present, nearly all structural metallic materials and part ceramic nonmetallic can be used Induction Melting Technology and carry out the molten of alloy and join.And electromagnetic casting technology (EMC) successful Application in the no mould continuous casting of aluminium alloy, its principle is: after induction produces eddy current, eddy current and magnetic field force interact, produce the electromagnetic push that points to molten metal inside, when thrust during greater than the molten metal static pressure liquid metal pushed away inductor and formed fluid column, cooling and pull by to lower metal have formed continuous casting process.The continuous casting electromagnetic apparatus structure is simple relatively, mainly partly is made up of electromagnetic inductor, bottom dummy bar and water spraying cooler etc.
Similar to the continuous casting electromagnetic of aluminium alloy, in iron and steel ingot casting (base) is produced, also can utilize electromagnetic field to replace traditional crystallizer and eliminate the blemish that causes owing to the relative friction of strand with crystallizer.Yet ferrous materials density is big, and only under the electromagnetic field effect of macro-energy very, electromagnetic push could make the metal fluid column keep side upright, and the alternating electromagnetic field in the reality can not produce high like this energy.General Electric Apparatus Co.(U.S.A.) in 1984 has declared and applied alternating electromagnetic field outside crystallizer, rely on crystallizer wall to bear the patent of the so-called soft-contact mould of part metals hydrostatic pressure power, bear the molten metal static pressure jointly by electromagnetic push and crystallizer wall, reduced dynamic pressure, the iron and steel billet material that has excellent surface quality for production is laid a good foundation, and is called as the soft-contact electromagnetic continuous casting technology.After this, this technology is in country such as the U.S., France, Japan, Korea S and domesticly all be rapidly developed, and adopt the soft-contact mould technology to make continuous casting billet quality obviously improve, and used electromagnetic push is much smaller than the electromagnetic force of no mould continuous casting electromagnetic.The development of the soft contact continuous casting technology of electromagnetism is improving the continuous casting steel billet quality, enhances productivity and the shortened process aspect has clear superiority, provides technical guarantee for producing the zero defect strand.Because succeeding in developing of ferrous materials soft-contact electromagnetic continuous casting technology, driven the development of the electromagnetic field process technology of material, enter after the nineties in last century, this technology also develops to the direction of no meniscus continuous casting, it is hot tap continuous casting electromagnetic technology, by top hot topping is set at continuous cast mold, keep metal liquid measure and temperature constant, simultaneously apply the electromagnetic field of high frequency at crystallizer/liquid metal/hot topping point of interface place, effectively improve the initial solidification condition of strand, control the initial position of solidifying of molten metal, further improved slab surface quality.
The directional solidification process is the special casting method that liquid metal or alloy solidify under unidirectional heat transfer condition.Because the crystallization of metal and the forming process of foundry goods are carried out according to specific direction, can improve unidirectional mechanical property, the especially mechanical behavior under high temperature of alloy significantly.At present, utilize directional solidification technique can prepare goods such as the turbo blade of crystallographic orientation and monocrystalline and large size single crystal silicon.
The classification of directional solidification technique mainly is the difference that can realize thermograde according to apparatus for directional solidification or device, is divided into power and reduces method, rapid solidification method and liquid metal cooling method.The liquid metal cooling method is current comparatively practical directional solidification technique, owing to adopt the big normal temperature liquid metal of thermal capacity to cool off, the heat that is discharged in the ingot solidification is taken away rapidly, if liquid metal is directly contacted with ingot casting, improve the heat exchange condition, also can form very high thermograde at the solid liquid interface place.Liquid metal cooling device (LMC) is combined with Bridgman method, czochralski method or zone-melting process etc., developed and multiple directional solidification technique, but because the cooldown rate of directional solidification test specimen is subjected to the restriction that solid phase end heat is derived speed in this class technology, be difficult to obtain uniform cooldown rate, and reduce drawing velocity greatly for the oriented freezing organization that obtains even refinement, make the low problem of production efficiency, cause this class technology to be called as traditional directional solidification technique.How to adopt new technology and realize the directional solidification technique of high-temperature gradient and high growth rates, preparation has the more new material of superior function then, is one of target of pursuing of numerous researcher.
For the refinement oriented freezing organization, reduce solidifying segregation and improve freezing rate, Recent study various novel directional solidification techniques.Comprise:
Superelevation gradient directional solidification technology (ZMLMC), this method are the methods that adopts zone melting and liquid metal cooling to combine.It utilizes eddy-current heating, concentrates forward position, freezing interface liquid phase is heated, thereby improved the thermograde in solid liquid interface forward position effectively.Because cooldown rate obviously improves, and causes the solidified structure refinement, has increased substantially the mechanical property of alloy.
The high undercooling directional solidification, its basic principle is that the crucible that will fill molten metal places on the Quench pedestal, when molten metal is cold excessively by dynamics, set up a thermograde from bottom to top in the molten metal, the bottom elder generation forming core that temperature is minimum in the cooling procedure, crystal is grown from bottom to top, forms the dendrite skeleton that aligns, and is remaining molten metal therebetween.In cooling procedure subsequently, these molten metals rely on to external world's heat radiation and solidify on existing dendrite skeleton, have finally obtained oriented freezing organization.
The electromagnetic shaping directional solidification technique utilizes the electromagnetic induction heating metal material, and utilizes the electromagnetic pressure that produces in metal bath top layer part to retrain molten metal melt forming.Simultaneously, cooling medium has directly with cast(ing) surface and contacts, and strengthens the cooling capacity of foundry goods solid phase, can produce very high thermograde in the melt near solid liquid interface, make ultra-fineization of solidified structure, it is one of important directions that improves product of metal material performance and lumber recovery.
It is worthy of note that electromagnetic shaping is a kind of advanced person's a material forming process technology, use the no crucible melting that this technology not only can realize metal, can also not have casting mold and be shaped, avoided the pollution of material in dissolving and being shaped.This technology is one and relates to electromagnetic hydroimechanics, metallurgy, solidifies and the technology of subject such as control automatically, and various technological parameters such as electromagnetic pressure, the selection that adds heat density, drawing velocity will determine the apparent mass and the performance of foundry goods.The electromagnetic shaping directional solidification processes will become a kind of very competitive directional solidification technique, but whether the side direction that also need research and solve near solid liquid interface place melt has problems such as horizontal heat transfer.
In addition, novel directional solidification technique also has the slewing of laser ultra-high temperature gradient to solidify, concentrate because laser has energy height, this makes it possess the possibility that may obtain the thermograde more much higher than existing directional freeze method as the directional solidification thermal source time.As can be seen, the hot-fluid and the thermograde that form single direction are not difficult from these directional freeze methods, but the quality of raising directionally solidified crystal is the difficult point of outstanding directional solidification technique.Because guaranteeing that solid liquid interface simultaneously stably, can improve freezing rate, enhance productivity under the high-temperature gradient, the thermograde height in solid liquid interface forward position has been used for weighing the yardstick of device for directionally solidifying and technical advance.
Though directional solidification is made a start early, but active technical field really, by with the associating of other technologies, a lot of technology types have been produced, as the hot-mold continuous cast method that directional solidification is combined with the continuous casting technology, on the basis of traditional continuous casting installation for casting, changing the mouth of a river is pattern of fever mould mouth, the cooling of casting process has been solidified the part ingot casting by cooling fully and has been conducted, form with along the on all four cooling gradient of strand lead, oriented freezing organization can be obtained,, single crystal organization can be obtained again if rely on the preferential growth and the solid-liquid interface shape control of crystal grain.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of will the continuous casting continuously and the two continuous directional solidification device that combines of directional solidification, be multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping and device for directionally solidifying, it comprises vacuum system 14, power supply and control section 15, support frame 16, be arranged on the body of heater 1 on the support frame 16, cooling system 17, be provided with charge bar 2 in the described body of heater 1, charge bar 2 is arranged on the center of induction coil 3, the termination of charge bar 2 is connected with motor 4 by feeding rod 5, outside at charge bar 2, the inside of induction coil 3 is provided with cold-crucible 9, described charge bar 2 comprises loading rod 2-1 and unloading rod 2-2, loading rod 2-1 is connected with upper motor 4-1 by last feeding rod 5-1, pumping rod 5-2 was connected with lower motor 4-2 under unloading rod 2-2 passed through, and the described lower end of pumping rod 5-2 down also is connected with swing angle system 13.The present invention has following advantage: one. the hot forming technology of a kind of material under electromagnetic field effect proposed, it is based on the magnetohydrodynamics principle, the Lorentz force effects and the joule heating effect that utilize alternating electromagnetic field that conductive material is produced, to all kinds of lightweights, height ratio is strong, heat-resisting, difficult shaped structure material, as titanium, zirconium, niobium-base alloy, nickel base superalloy, special rolling-mill section, advanced aluminium alloy material and all kinds of metal-base composites, solved its high-quality processing and Accurate Shaping problem, enlarged advanced material in traffic, application on the critical equipment such as the energy has promoted Aero-Space of new generation, communications and transportation, petrochemical industry, the development of biologic medical and CRUX industrial circle; Two, proposed a kind of material obtains the high-quality member under controlled condition hot-working means, so-called controlled condition promptly refers to the artificial materials processing conditions of creating such as high overheated, high undercooling, extremely non-equilibrium, super-pressure, large deformation, microgravity or crystallographic orientation.By with this class processing conditions one of them or use in conjunction to existing process, combine with solidification forming as crystallographic orientation, can realize alloy organizing form and structural adjustment, improve mechanical property, reduce production costs, satisfy many modern national defenses and the national economy backing material be badly in need of of operation and the demand of member; Three, developed the material heat processing and forming technology platform of a kind of pollution-free, short flow process, precise treatment, material hot-working current combined type, that with the electromagnetic field be core and forming technique development are very fast, as methods such as microgravity castings under electromagnetic centrifugal casting, the crossed electric and magnetic field, in addition, as manufacturing process such as the electromagnetic purification of liquid metal and electromagnetism atomizings, owing in the casting process of metal material, played contactless degasification, remove slag and the broken function of liquid stream is subjected to paying close attention to widely day by day.The present invention will rely on the electromagnetic field media, by electromagnetic energy and special process of setting are combined, form collection fusing, refining, Accurate Shaping and directional solidification and be novel, the function modoularization of one, the liquid metal material of scalableization shapes device, to the development in materials processing technology forward position with to carry out extensive scientific research significant.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment one, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of fire door 1-1, Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is the structural representation of circulating water cooling system 17-1, Fig. 6 is the syndeton schematic diagram between power supply 15 and the induction coil 3, Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment two, Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment three, Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment four, Figure 10 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment five, and Figure 11 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment six, and Figure 12 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment seven.
The specific embodiment:
The specific embodiment one: with reference to Fig. 1, the present invention structurally comprises vacuum system 14, power supply and control section 15, support frame 16, is arranged on body of heater 1, cooling system 17 on the support frame 16, body of heater 1 and support frame 16 are connected by bolt, support frame 16 is installed on the basis, connects with foundation bolt; With reference to Fig. 2, be provided with charge bar 2 in the described body of heater 1, charge bar 2 is arranged on the center of induction coil 3, and the termination of charge bar 2 is connected with motor 4 by feeding rod 5.Described body of heater 1 is a double-decker, is welded by corrosion resistant plate, and it adopts the cooling of honeycomb fashion recirculated water, and when guaranteeing eddy-current heating, the heat of radiation on the furnace wall is recycled water and takes away, and the heat distortion amount that makes body of heater is in safe range.Fire door 1-1 is the double-layer stainless steel square structure on flanged limit, door structure is with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, laying three watch window 1-2 on fire door is convenient to observe, have O-ring seal 1-3 on the fire door 1-1, suck sealing by vacuum, between the two-ply of fire door, be provided with fire door aquaporin 1-4, described body of heater inside dimension: 850 * 750 * 700mm (high, wide, dark).There is vacuum passage mouth 1-5 in the left side of body of heater and is used for the ring flange 1-6 of multiplexed signal sampling terminal, adopts the O-ring seal sealing.Below the inside of body of heater 1, be provided with directional solidification crystallizer 7-1, directional solidification crystallizer 7-1 is connected with the static seal of the interior end of body of heater 1, coolant metal 7-2 is equipped with in inside at directional solidification crystallizer 7-1, the bottom of described charge bar 2 is arranged in the coolant metal 7-2, with reference to Fig. 2, present embodiment is in the outside of charge bar 2, the inside of induction coil 3 is provided with cold-crucible 9, charge bar 2 comprises loading rod 2-1 and unloading rod 2-2, loading rod 2-1 is connected with upper motor 4-1 by last feeding rod 5-1, unloading rod 2-2 passes through down, and pumping rod 5-2 is connected with lower motor 4-2, the described lower end of pumping rod 5-2 down also is connected with swing angle system 13, following pumping rod 5-2 adopts the cooling of water-jacket typ recirculated water, move downward by lower motor 4-2 drive during directional solidification, can do angular displacement by swing angle system 13 during following pull, adjust pattern angle and pattern shape and finish motion, for adapting to wide following drawing velocity, adopt the digital servomotor 4-2-1 of two covers, the 4-2-2 system finishes, and two cover motors can not use simultaneously; Observation window 1-7 is arranged at the body of heater top, can observe fusing situation in the stove; The feeding speed of last feeding rod 5-1 is finished by upper number formula servomotor 4-1, for guaranteeing feeding rod 5-1 thermal deformation does not take place in the feeding process, adopts jacket structure for water, is connected with movable sealing between last feeding rod 5-1 and the body of heater 1;
Condition of work in the body of heater 1 of the present invention is finished under vacuum state, with reference to Fig. 1, and the vacuum equipment that vacuum system 14 is promptly conventional.Present embodiment adopts 2X-70 type sliding vane rotary pump 14-1, during the melting chamber good seal, can obtain 0.5Pa vacuum, adopts KT-300 type oil diffusion pump 14-2, can obtain 0.006Pa vacuum.To containing the alloy of Volatile Elements under the vacuum condition, adopt anti-applying argon gas to reduce vacuum, reduce volatilization.Detect the variation of melting indoor vacuum by Pirani gauge, ionization gauge, show by digital vacuscope.
Body of heater 1 of the present invention, last feeding rod 5-1, following pumping rod 5-2, pincers crucible 9 etc. all have the double-layer water jacket structure, all under cooling condition, finish, cooling system makes metal liquid keep desired temperature gradient of solid-liquid interface in process of setting, thereby make solid liquid interface keep stable, keep carrying out smoothly of directional solidification process.Cooling system 17 is divided into circulating water cooling system 17-1 and low melting point liquid alloy cooling system 17-2 two parts to sample, circulating water cooling system 17-1 is by water tank 17-1-1, water circulating pump 17-1-2, Pressure gauge 17-1-3, pressure piping 17-1-4, hand valve 17-1-5 forms, circulating water cooling system is to power supply, induction hardening transformer, electrode, induction coil, water jacketed copper crucible, body of heater, feeding rod, water supply such as pumping rod and crystallizer, their connecting mode is, water in the water tank 17-1-1 is through water circulating pump 17-1-2 sucking-off, enter pressure piping 17-1-4 through Pressure gauge 17-1-3, in pressure piping 17-1-4, enter cold crucible water route a respectively again, IGBT power supply water route b, induction hardening transformer water route c, diffusion pump water route d, fixed electrode water route e, water-cooled cable water route f, last feeding rod water route g, following pumping rod water route h, mechanical pump water route i, transformer water route j, body of heater sidepiece water route k, body of heater rear portion water route l, body of heater bottom water route m, fire door water route n, SIT power supply water route o, crystallizer water route p, the above-mentioned water route of process is afterwards in water tank 17-1-1.With reference to Fig. 2, low melting point liquid alloy cooling agent 7-2 is contained in the directional solidification crystallizer 7-1, and in the time of work, following pumping rod 5-2 draws in the high temperature sample in the low melting point liquid alloy cooling agent 7-2 sample is cooled off, to obtain big thermograde.
Keep metal molten and electromagnetic confinement power energy needed among the present invention by supplying with by the high-frequency ac current of multiturn series connection water-cooled copper coil, power supply adopts 10kHz higher level higher-order of oscillation power supply.With reference to Fig. 1, in power supply and the control section 15, used power supply is that two groups of four kinds of frequencies can constitute different combinations, igbt transistor power supply 15-1 adopts 10KHz and two kinds of frequencies of 20KHz and is equipped with induction hardening transformer 15-3, and SIT transistor power supply 15-2 adopts 50KHz and two kinds of frequencies of 200KHz and is equipped with induction hardening transformer 15-4.Power supply adopts it to swash startup-free-runing operation, make the frequency plot control module have automatic tracking capability, make the driving signal frequency of inverter follow the resonant frequency of load all the time, guarantee that output voltage, the electric current of inverter is same-phase, the power factor of load is near 1.Control section is divided into power supply control and system's control: power supply is controlled to be the power supply autogamy, is responsible for the management of power supply in service, when breaking down, sends power off command and indicating fault, guarantees the safety of power supply and makes things convenient for Fault Diagnosis; System's control is divided into heating operation box 15-5, kinematic system operation cabinet 15-6 and recirculated water operation cabinet 15-7.But heating operation box 15-5 is a swing type, is placed on the stokehold and is convenient to observe simultaneously and operate.Kinematic system operation cabinet 15-6 is finished feeding, time pull, is tumbled and the control of quenching process and speed by Programmable Logic Controller.Recirculated water operation cabinet 15-7 finishes the hydraulic pressure of electrode, induction hardening transformer, power supply, induction coil, water jacketed copper crucible etc. and water temperature detects and demonstration, guarantees the normal operation of circulation.
Syndeton between igbt transistor power supply 15-1 or SIT transistor power supply 15-2 and the induction coil 3 is: with reference to Fig. 6, power supply 15-1 is connected with the first utmost point copper bar B of 15-2 and induction hardening transformer C, the inferior utmost point copper bar D of transformer C is connected with fixed electrode center copper pipe E, the outside of center copper pipe E is provided with fixed electrode outer shroud copper pipe F, between center copper pipe E and outer shroud copper pipe F, be provided with poly-tetrafluoro insulation sleeve G, the outside of described outer shroud copper pipe F is body of heater 1, junction at outer shroud copper pipe F and body of heater 1 is provided with insulation sleeve H, one end of described induction coil 3 is connected with center copper pipe E, and the other end of induction coil 3 is connected with outer shroud copper pipe F.Between aforementioned outer shroud copper pipe F and the center copper pipe E and the inside of center copper pipe E all is aquaporin.
The course of work of present embodiment is as follows: with reference to Fig. 2, last feeding rod 5-1 sends into loading rod 2-1 in the water jacketed copper crucible 9, enter in induction coil 3 scopes, unloading rod 2-2 and following pumping rod 5-2 connect together, unloading rod 2-2 also is admitted in the water jacketed copper crucible 9, enter in the scope of induction coil 3, part unloading rod 2-2 will melt, distinguish water jacketed copper crucible 9 is enclosed within the induction coil 3, by induction, on charge bar 2, produce Joule heat and electromagnetic push, fusing in the formation, following constraint, molten drop drops on the melt of unloading rod 2-2 and restrained hot forming, last feeding rod 5-1, following pumping rod 5-2 moves downward the induction range that breaks away from induction coil 3 gradually respectively under the drive of upper motor 4-1 and lower motor 4-2, melt solidifies gradually, and following pumping rod 5-2 band unloading rod 2-2 enters in the low melting point liquid alloy cooling agent and increases thermograde, obtains good directed tissue.
The specific embodiment two: with reference to Fig. 7, present embodiment is regional remelting device for directionally solidifying, the lower end of charge bar 2 is affixed with following pumping rod 5-2, the upper end of charge bar 2 connects goes up feeding rod 5-1, last feeding rod 5-1 connects as one with following pumping rod 5-2 by connector 6 and gangbar 7, and described pumping rod 5-2 down is connected with motor 4.Metal charge bar 2 is passed through gangbar 7, two couples together up and down, do downwards in the process of pull motion, its zonule that is in the induction coil 3 is heated fusing, in charge bar, carry out directional solidification under the acting in conjunction of thermograde and charge bar motion then, can realize purpose simultaneously purification of metals.
The specific embodiment three: with reference to Fig. 8, present embodiment is that melt-water cooled copper mould directional solidification building mortion the floating zone, the outside of charge bar 2 is provided with water cooled copper mould 8, the top and bottom of described charge bar 2 are affixed with last feeding rod 5-1 and following pumping rod 5-2 respectively, described on feeding rod 5-1 and being connected with lower motor 4-2 with upper motor 4-1 respectively after following pumping rod 5-2 vertically passes body of heater 1.Present embodiment is by the electromagnetic field of high frequency and wait to melt inductive loop effect between the metal, in induction coil with behind the metal molten, under the support of electromagnetic force, all offset the gravity effect, make metal liquid suspend, and under the thermograde effect of water cooled copper mould, carry out the directional solidification shaping.
The specific embodiment four: with reference to Fig. 9, present embodiment is and special-shaped cold crucible induction melting-soft directional solidification building mortion that contacts, it and the specific embodiment three differences are, be provided with cold-crucible 9 in the outside of charge bar 2, the inside of induction coil 3, the inner bottom part of body of heater 1 is provided with water jacketed copper crucible circulating water channel 18, circulating water channel and body of heater double-layer water jacket connect as one, be fixed with water jacketed copper crucible 9 in circulating water channel 18, circulating water channel 18 plays the effect of fixed support water jacketed copper crucible 9; Present embodiment is under the prerequisite that changes cold crucible 9 shape of cross sections, can be so that cold crucible 9 inner-cavity structure abnormal shapeizations (can be approximate meniscus shape), in this cold crucible, carry out induction melting then, and make the metal after the fusing under the effect of electromagnetic force, partly be pushed away the cold crucible wall, promptly molten metal and cold crucible carry out the directional solidification shaping under a kind of what is called " soft " state of contact.
The specific embodiment five: with reference to Figure 10, present embodiment is suspension melting-electromagnetic confinement directional solidification building mortion, induction coil 3 is divided into coil 3-1 and lower coil 3-2, and last coil 3-1 is connected with the power supply of two groups of different alternative frequencies respectively with lower coil 3-2.Present embodiment is provided with two groups of coils, and two groups of coils insert in the power supply of different alternative frequencies separately, last coil 3-1 heats and suspension melting metal, the alternating electromagnetic field that alternating current produced that feeds among the lower coil 3-2 produces electromagnetic confinement power to the molten metal after melting, and keeps carrying out directional solidification under the suitable shape of liquid.
The specific embodiment six: with reference to Figure 11, present embodiment is bottom filling cold crucible induction melting-ceramic die hot investment casting building mortion, charge bar 2 comprises loading rod 2-1 and unloading rod 2-2, loading rod 2-1 is a bulk cargo, bulk cargo is arranged in the crucible 9 of bottom band aperture 9-1, be provided with coil 3-1 in the outside of crucible 9, under crucible 9, be provided with unloading rod 2-2, the lower end of unloading rod 2-2 is connected with following pumping rod 5-2, the outside of described unloading rod 2-2 is provided with ceramic die 10, the outer surface of ceramic die 10 closely contacts with graphite 11, is provided with lower coil 3-2 in the outside of graphite 11.At the top of described crucible 9 a manual lifting rod 19 is set and is used to add auxiliary material.Present embodiment metal bulk cargo 2-1 melts in by the cold crucible 9 under the feed bar 5-1 on being fixed on, then in the fusing later stage, by adding high-power means, with the solid metal fusing that is reserved on the cold crucible bottom outlet 9-1, cold crucible bottom outlet 9-1 is opened by molten, the bulk cargo 2-1 that dissolves becomes molten metal and flows in the high technology ceramics formwork 10 of its underpart by bottom outlet 9-1, can carry out common hot investment casting solidification forming.
The specific embodiment seven: with reference to Figure 12, present embodiment is tilting type cold crucible induction melting-ceramic die hot investment casting building mortion, charge bar 2 comprises loading rod 2-1 and unloading rod 2-2, loading rod 2-1 is a bulk cargo, bulk cargo is arranged in the crucible 9, crucible 9 is the container of upper opening, crucible 9 links to each other with the motor of tumbling of the system of tumbling 12 simultaneously, be provided with induction coil 3-1 in the outside of described crucible 9, the below of crucible 9 is provided with unloading rod 2-2, and the lower end of unloading rod 2-2 is connected with following pumping rod 5-2, and the outside of described unloading rod 2-2 is provided with ceramic die 10, the outer surface of ceramic die 10 closely contacts with graphite 11, is provided with induction coil 3-2 in the outside of graphite 11.The furnace charge of present embodiment is that loading rod 2-1 puts into water jacketed copper crucible 9, water jacketed copper crucible 9 is connected by the system's of tumbling 12 water flowings and supports, overcoat induction coil 3-1, furnace charge is loading rod 2-1 fusing under the effect of electromagnetic field, can adjust composition by the 19 auxiliary feedings of manual lifting rod,, will have the liquid alloy of certain degree of superheat to pour in the hot investment casting ceramic shell 10 by the tumble velocity of rotation of system 12 of control, carry out the hot investment casting solidification forming, can obtain qualified precision castings.
Claims (6)
1. multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping and device for directionally solidifying, it comprises vacuum system (14), power supply and control section (15), support frame (16), be arranged on the body of heater (1) on the support frame (16), cooling system (17), be provided with charge bar (2) in the described body of heater (1), charge bar (2) is arranged on the center of induction coil (3), the termination of charge bar (2) is connected with motor (4) by feeding rod (5), it is characterized in that outside in charge bar (2), the inside of induction coil (3) is provided with cold-crucible (9), described charge bar (2) comprises loading rod (2-1) and unloading rod (2-2), loading rod (2-1) is connected with upper motor (4-1) by last feeding rod (5-1), pumping rod (5-2) was connected with lower motor (4-2) under unloading rod (2-2) passed through, and the described lower end of pumping rod (5-2) down also is connected with swing angle system (13).
2. multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping according to claim 1 and device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that described loading rod (2-1) is a bulk cargo, bulk cargo is arranged in the crucible (9) of bottom band aperture (9-1), be provided with coil (3-1) in the outside of crucible (9), under crucible (9), be provided with unloading rod (2-2), the lower end of unloading rod (2-2) is connected with following pumping rod (5-2), the outside of described unloading rod (2-2) is provided with ceramic die (10), the outer surface of ceramic die (10) closely contacts with graphite (11), is provided with lower coil (3-2) in the outside of graphite (11).
3. multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping according to claim 1 and device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that described loading rod (2-1) is a bulk cargo, bulk cargo is arranged in the crucible (9), crucible (9) is the container of upper opening, crucible (9) links to each other with the system of tumbling (12) simultaneously, be provided with induction coil (3-1) in the outside of described crucible (9), be provided with unloading rod (2-2) under the crucible (9), the lower end of unloading rod (2-2) is connected with following pumping rod (5-2), the outside of described unloading rod (2-2) is provided with ceramic die (10), the outer surface of ceramic die (10) closely contacts with graphite (11), is provided with induction coil (3-2) in the outside of graphite (11).
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping and device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that described induction coil (3) is divided into coil (3-1) and lower coil (3-2), last coil (3-1) is connected with the power supply of two groups of different alternative frequencies respectively with lower coil (3-2).
5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping and device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that described body of heater (1) is a double-decker, below, inside at body of heater (1) is provided with directional solidification crystallizer (7-1), in the inside of directional solidification crystallizer (7-1) coolant metal (7-2) is housed, the bottom of described charge bar (2) is arranged in the coolant metal (7-2).
6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described multi-functional cold crucible electromagnetism Accurate Shaping and device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that in power supply and the control section (15), used power supply is two groups of four kinds of frequencies, igbt transistor power supply (15-1) adopts 10KHz and two kinds of frequencies of 20KHz and is equipped with induction hardening transformer (15-3), and SIT transistor power supply (15-2) adopts 50KHz and two kinds of frequencies of 200KHz and is equipped with induction hardening transformer (15-4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410043790 CN1275724C (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Multifunction cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410043790 CN1275724C (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Multifunction cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device |
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| CN1597188A CN1597188A (en) | 2005-03-23 |
| CN1275724C true CN1275724C (en) | 2006-09-20 |
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| CN 200410043790 Expired - Fee Related CN1275724C (en) | 2004-08-11 | 2004-08-11 | Multifunction cold crucible electromagnetic precision shaping and directional solidification device |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100368121C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2008-02-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Directional freeze method for TiAl-based alloy plate |
| CN1320972C (en) * | 2005-09-02 | 2007-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rectangular cold crucible system suitable for continuous fusion casting directional freeze |
| CN102438773B (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 索林开发私人有限公司 | Process for producing multicrystalline silicon ingots by the induction method and apparatus for carrying out the same |
| CN101832942B (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Observing method of electrical effect driving solidification crystallization process |
| CN102380588B (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-04-17 | 辽宁科技大学 | Intermediate-frequency induction and directional solidification ingot casting process and equipment utilizing same |
| CN102094233B (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Device for preparing polycrystalline silicon ingots with directional solidification microstructures |
| CN102284790B (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2014-05-07 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond laser micro-nano processing device capable of controlling gas atmosphere and processing method thereof |
| CN102660767B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2015-06-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cooling transitional joint for directional solidification equipment of electromagnetic cold crucible |
| CN103008624B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-05-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Directional solidification casting method of continuous cold crucible |
| CN103008620B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2015-03-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method for cold crucible for directionally solidifying neodymium iron boron cast ingot |
| CN110842168B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Directional solidification casting system carried on supergravity centrifugal machine |
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