CN1273080C - Method and device for monitoring contraction activities of mother womb and controlling childbirth process - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring contraction activities of mother womb and controlling childbirth process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1273080C CN1273080C CN 03113712 CN03113712A CN1273080C CN 1273080 C CN1273080 C CN 1273080C CN 03113712 CN03113712 CN 03113712 CN 03113712 A CN03113712 A CN 03113712A CN 1273080 C CN1273080 C CN 1273080C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring uterine contraction action and controlling a parturition progress. The device mainly uses an abdomen electrode induction method to directly extract electrical signals without wounds by an electrode on the abdomen of a pregnant woman, analyzes all the extracted abdomen original signals, verifies that multiplication interference from mother movement has serious influences on the final result, and uses a modern signal processing technique to eliminate various kinds of noise comprising noise of a mother electrocardiogram, a fetal electrocardiogram, electromagnetic interference, etc.; thereby, an automatic gain control (AGC) module is designed for inhibiting the multiplication noise; an R peak of the mother electrocardiogram (MECG) as the reference to extract myoelectric signals, and a digital signal processor is used as a core to collect an MECG signal template by using a dynamic weighted average method to eliminate MECG interference and extract uterus myoelectricity which are real and reliable and has small distortion, and strength signals of the uterus myoelectricity. The device causes clinical operation to have no wound and be convenient and effective and is capable of providing more uterus movement information.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical science and veterinary's checkout gear and method, particularly a kind of method and apparatus at monitoring pregnant woman uterus contraction movement.
Background technology
A kind of well-known method that monitors the pregnant woman childbirth process is to touch abdominal part by practitioner with hands to estimate the intensity of uterine contraction and the degree that contracts and fall in the uterus downwards, and " normally " uterine contraction after the real childbirth beginning is to begin to advance to cervix uteri at the bottom of the palace.Puerpera oneself is very important to the sensation of its labor equally.In addition, the degree of cervical dilatation is estimated by the birth canal endoscope detecting.Yet the order of accuarcy of the manual method of this supervision labor and examiner's medical skill have direct relation.And these conventional methods are discontinuous, make the patient uncomfortable, and inspection method causes the danger of infection in addition in any body.Along with the development of medical electronics, checkout equipment has replaced these functions to a great extent.Instrument is continuous automatic operation tirelessly, and assists practitioner thus.Yet General Instrument in use has several problems.
For example, the prior art that is used to measure uterine contraction can not provide the data of significant tool diagnostic value.Known to the inventor, conventional uterine contraction monitor mainly is to connect to detect the danger of fetus by the data of uterine contraction monitor itself and fetal heart frequency.The monitoring method of conventional uterine contraction activity comprises external electronic monitoring and internal electronic monitoring.
The external electronic monitoring method is to obtain the rhythm and pace of moving things signal of uterine contraction activity by the pressure transducer that is installed in abdominal part, it is relative monitoring uterotonic pressure signal, influences such as the tightness of the pick off that is stressed binding, anemia of pregnant woman's health individual variation itself, position difference.Therefore, this external electronic monitoring method uterine activity is provided information seldom.
The internal electronic monitoring method is pressure transducer (conduit) the monitoring intrauterine pressure force signal that is placed in the uterus by birth canal.Because this monitor only obtains data from a position in uterus usually, therefore can not fully provide the information of relevant uterine contraction process.Consequently the routine monitoring device can not provide the data of the state of relevant palace flesh own.This method can only have been opened and the back employing of amniotic membrane one's water breaks at the cervix uteri mouth, therefore can only really begin the branch puerperium the puerpera and use in hospital.Because pick off must pass the flora district in the birth canal, this method has the danger of the infection of causing.These antibacterials may be brought into the uterus, thus PI mother and fetus.
In addition, because amniotic membrane is not complete, do not have a closed containers, the PascalShi law identical with pressure a bit measured in this container about the pressure of all each points in a closed container can not be suitable for.Therefore, intrauterine catheter can be measured different pressure on diverse location.Therefore, the pressure that adopts measuring instrument in utero to record can only be considered to semiquantitative data at most.In addition, be positioned at the position of cervical orifice at Placenta Hominis, promptly under the situation of so-called placenta previa, this method is inapplicable fully.
Also have, up to the present also do not have the instrument detecting method of the continuous measurement cervical dilatation degree of a kind of belonging to of " non-intruding " character.That is to say that must put into birth canal to certain equipment measures, thereby bring above-mentioned shortcoming.
Recognize above-mentioned shortcoming, the medical research personnel have studied the method that more valuable data can be provided.Put down in writing the work of early stage exploration record uterine smooth muscle electrical activity in the medical literature.
For example, L.V.Dill etc. are at Amer.J.Obster.Gynecol, Vol.52, in " Electrical Potentials of the Human Uterus in Laber " literary composition of delivering on 735 (1946), discovery contraction of uterus muscle in labor is attended by the variation of low frequency electromotive force and voltage.
G.M.Steer etc. are at Amer.J.Obster.Gynecol., Vol.59, deliver on 25 (1950) (Electrical Activity of the Human Uterus in Labor " the various visual reports of the electrical activity of each point on stomach wall have been described in the literary composition.The electrical activities of wherein speaking of on the stomach wall point in three points commonly used are relevant with the incipient stage of childbirth.Along with the carrying out of childbirth, more point can the appearance activity.These authors were also noted that in the eutocous incipient stage, the evidence that the electrical activity diffusion is come.
Wolf in 1979 etc. have carried out further test to human body.Adopt internal electrode to collect signal.At Acta Obstet.Gynecil.Scand.Suppl.90, the result of these tests reported in " Electromyographic Obseriations on the Human Uterus during Labour " literary composition of delivering in (1979).
Because the validity problem of risk that relates to and suitable animal model (for example sheep) was not also used internal electrode at human body so far.Internal electrode still is being widely used in sheep, mainly is the frequency and the time of measuring electrical activity.
Nathanielsz is in U.S. Pat 4,967, proposes to distinguish false childbirth and true childbirth by the frequency of measuring and analyze uterine electrical activity with internal electrode in No. 761.
In U.S. Pat 4,256, in No. 118, Nagel proposes to measure with outer electrode the electrical activity and the fetal heart frequency in uterus.Nagel proposes, and the frequency range of uterine electrical activity is that 150Hz is to 250Hz.Yet we see that this frequency range is relevant with the measured value of inside, uterus usually, and the frequency that outer electrode records is mainly in 0.05Hz arrives the scope of 2500Hz.
Be published in Med ﹠amp; Bio Eng ﹠amp; Comput, 22, in being entitled as on the 585-91 (1984) articles such as " ExternalRecording and Processing of Fast Electrical activity of the Uters inHuman Parturition ", J.Planes etc. have described and have used outer electrode to monitor the electrical activity of farrowing interval uterus muscle.The automatic regression analysis of employings such as Planes is described uterine contraction with six parameters.Planes etc. have estimated the propagation rate of uterine contraction, but the end obtains any relevant direction of propagation, palace flesh pressure or the information of cervical dilatation degree.And Planes etc. do not propose that these information are done diagnosis and use.
For example, the abnormal pressure at arbitrary position it is reported and all can make the top-down electrical activity in uterus obvious variation occur on the flesh of palace.Abnormal pressure may be because the existence of scar tissue causes, for example is to be caesarean result in the past.Because of a little, the detection that spreading rate is changed and qualitatively can provide extremely valuable diagnosis basis for practitioner.
A kind of diagnostic equipment and method of labor are disclosed at the problems referred to above Chinese patent ZL93120192.6 (notification number CN1088422A), it mainly is to carry out the flesh streaming current with inherent electric field in the musculation to detect, utilization is placed on the value and the direction of motion of the signal of telecommunication in a plurality of electrode measurement abdomen area of abdominal part, judges whereby periodically and the childbirth state that indication is normal and unusual, actual beginning of giving a birth and the degree of cervical dilatation.The diagnostic method of this labor fails to grasp effectively the oxytocin consumption of anemia of pregnant woman at the uterine activity situation of perinatal stage (state of promptly giving birth to a child) and regulating and controlling anemia of pregnant woman's labor obviously, though all be to adopt the outside to induce the abdominal electrode method to obtain the abdominal part signal of telecommunication especially in the diagnostic equipment of this labor and method and the U.S. Pat 4256118, but it is not to all being handled the multiplication noise jamming in the abdominal part signal of telecommunication in the processing procedure of the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, the multiplication noise of the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that obtains can not be effectively suppressed, therefore, the strong signal of the uterine myoelectricity that its detection obtains (IEMG) is serious distortion, the effectiveness and the reliability of the abdominal part myoelectricity strength signal that influence finally obtains, and the two frequency range of analyzing is all narrow, the frequency range of analyzing as US4256118 is 150～250Hz, the frequency range that ZL93120192.6 analyzes is 0.01Hz～200Hz, the abdominal part signal of telecommunication for high band does not give consideration, its detected EMG and IEMG signal all only comprise local message and can't reflect the full detail of uterine contraction activity, make result's the reliability and the accuracy of analysis all lower, it is unfavorable to bring for follow-up analytical judgment, and the two also fails to remove the feedback control labor by final analysis result, just labor is carried out general monitoring.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of employing abdominal electrode revulsion has wound ground and does not extract pregnant woman uterus easily and effectively and abdominal part myoelectricity strength signal comes effectively, monitors reliably, accurately uterine activity, and then control the dosage of oxytocin reliably, so as to reaching the method and apparatus that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity of control labor.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity may further comprise the steps:
(1), extracts the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that includes mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), myoelectricity (EMG) and electromagnetic interference and multiplication noise by the electrode that is placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part;
(2), eliminate the noise jamming that comprises mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), electromagnetic interference and low frequency and HFS with signal processing technology; Simultaneously
(3), the R wave amplitude of mother's electrocardio (MECG) being limited in fixed level all the time with automatic gain control (AGC) after by identification QRS wave group proofreaies and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted and obtains electromyographic signal (EMG) to suppress the multiplication noise;
(4), electromyographic signal (EMG) is carried out the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) that envelope detection obtains low frequency;
(5), myoelectricity strength signal IEMG is shown, monitors and the processing of reporting to the police.And can under doctor's guidance, utilize this myoelectricity strength signal feedback control to infuse to anemia of pregnant woman's electronic infusion pump, to regulate the drug dose of oxytocin, control anemia of pregnant woman's the uterine contraction rhythm and pace of moving things and intensity.
A kind of device that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity comprises:
Be placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part and be used to extract the pick off of anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
Be used for the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is carried out the signal processing apparatus of signal processing;
Be arranged in the signal processing apparatus passing through behind the identification QRS wave group that R wave amplitude with mother's electrocardio (MECG) is limited in fixed level all the time be used to proofread and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracted to suppress automatic gain control (AGC) device of multiplication noise;
The detector arrangement that the electromyographic signal that obtains after being used for handling through signal processing and correction is carried out envelope detection;
Be used to infuse electronic infusion pump to the anemia of pregnant woman, and the electronic infusion pump is controlled by the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) through obtaining after the above-mentioned envelope detection.
The present invention is on the basis of summing up forefathers' achievement, adopting the abdominal electrode revulsion not have wound ground directly extracts the signal of telecommunication and has analyzed the whole abdominal part original signals that extract by anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal electrode, confirmed end product to be had a strong impact on from the multiplication interference of parent motion, eliminate various noises with the modern signal processing technology, comprise and eliminate mother's electrocardiogram, fetal electrocardiogram, noises such as electromagnetic interference, particularly design automatic gain control (AGC) module and suppressed the multiplication noise, with the R peak of mother's electrocardio (MECG) is that the N Reference Alignment electromyographic signal is clamped down on a fixed level all the time with effectively the R wave amplitude of mother's electrocardio (MECG), suppress the multiplication noise reliably, both guaranteed the precision of analysis and the reliability that obtain at last, avoided the erroneous judgement that distorted signals the caused phenomenon of breaking, make that again desirable signal of trying one's best wide frequency band range carries out accurately comprehensively analyzing when analyzing the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, further guaranteed the accuracy of analysis result and comprehensive, and be core with the digital signal processor, extract the MECG signal templates with the dynamic weighting averaging method, eliminating MECG disturbs, extract true and reliable, uterine myoelectricity that distortion is little and strength signal thereof, perfect is the adaptive fetal ECG monitor of processor with the digital signal processor, guard FHR curve and uterine myoelectricity strength signal curve (IEMG) simultaneously, thereby saved abdominal part external pressure pick off, make clinical manipulation not have wound, convenient, effectively, and more uterine activity information can be provided.
Describe basic structure of the present invention and operation principle in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an electrode placement location sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of first embodiment of signal processing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of second embodiment of signal processing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the AGC process chart of first embodiment of signal processing of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the AGC process chart of second embodiment of signal processing of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the composition sketch map of the abdominal part signal of telecommunication of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is variation and the contrast sketch map that the present invention handles the abdominal part signal of telecommunication.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 8, the method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1), extracts the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that includes mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), myoelectricity (EMG) and electromagnetic interference and multiplication noise by electrode or other biosensor that is placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part; The composition of the abdominal part signal of telecommunication can be set up with drag the abdominal part signal of telecommunication as shown in Figure 7 for this reason:
a(t)＝d(t)[m(t)+f(t)+n(t)]+x(t)
In the formula: a (t)--the abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
D (t)--multiplication interference;
M (t)--mother's electrocardiosignal;
F (t)--fetus electrocardiosignal;
N (t)--additivity signal or noise is such as electromyographic signal;
X (t)--additivity noises such as power frequency interference
Wherein d (t) be since the real abdominal part signal of telecommunication in outside conductive process, the path of process taken place to change and produced.The variation in this path mainly is that the position of respiratory movement, parent owing to parent changes and reason such as parent abdominal muscles contraction causes.According to the theory of Signals ﹠ Systems, when with regard to the ssystem transfer function that means the parent abdominal part being, this becomes.Therefore, when signal processing, to adopt suitable method that signal is done certain compensation and weaken interference.The present invention has adopted the mechanism of the automatic gain control (AGC) in the circuit to compensate.
For mother's electrocardio m (t), the processing method of elimination is a lot, but the present invention only relates to the single track signal processing method, and most typical is the matched filtering method.
For fetus electrocardio f (t), itself is fainter, approximately is the 1/5-1/10 of m (t), can ignore under the prerequisite of rationally placing electrode.
In the present invention, abdominal part myoelectricity (containing uterine myoelectricity) n (t) is not a noise, and the signal that will extract just.In birth process, what pregnant and lying-in women used the own contractility of abdominal muscles contractility and uterus extrudes the uterus with fetus with joint efforts.N (t) is exactly the electromyographic signal EMG that the present invention will analyze in the present invention.
In addition, when carrying out signals collecting, also can be subjected to power frequency and disturb X (t).This interference is that alternating current used in everyday is coupled to the upward generation of leading by electromagnetic induction, and it is a kind of additivity noise.
Because it also is a kind of interference that change, electrode that the variation of ambient temperature causes part characteristic wait the baseline drift that is caused in the trickle slip (motion artifacts) of skin surface, cause harmful effect can for the processing of back, also must removal.
In order to suppress the noise of these different qualities, just need to adopt corresponding different signal processing method.Xiang Guan step will be described in detail signal processing of the present invention below.
(2), eliminate the noise jamming that comprises mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), electromagnetic interference and low frequency and HFS with signal processing technology; Simultaneously
(3), the R wave amplitude of mother's electrocardio (MECG) being limited in fixed level all the time with automatic gain control (AGC) after by identification QRS wave group proofreaies and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted and obtains electromyographic signal (EMG) to suppress the multiplication noise;
(4), electromyographic signal (EMG) is carried out the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) that envelope detection obtains low frequency;
(5), myoelectricity strength signal IEMG is shown, monitors and the processing of reporting to the police.And can under doctor's guidance, utilize this myoelectricity strength signal feedback control to infuse to anemia of pregnant woman's electronic infusion pump, to regulate the drug dose of oxytocin, control anemia of pregnant woman's the uterine contraction rhythm and pace of moving things and intensity.Wherein in this step with IEMG feedback control anemia of pregnant woman's the uterine contraction rhythm and pace of moving things and intensity, can be according to the amplitude of IEMG signal, through an empirical equation:
y＝b-ax
Wherein b represents the basic dosage of oxytocin, and this value will specifically be selected according to Different Individual; A is a coefficient, and its unit is milliliter/(minute * volt); X represents the IEMG signal, and its unit is a volt.Can obtain puerpera's required dosage by following formula, send order to infusion pump through RS-232 interface then, the dosage of control oxytocin reaches control anemia of pregnant woman's the uterine contraction rhythm and pace of moving things and the purpose of intensity.In this control method, also can adopt transfusion speed, the computing formula and the data mode of control labor, the therefore protection domain that all belongs to this patent of this class control mode of any employing of the medicines such as Tong Guo IEMG control indexes electronic infusion pump adjusting oxytocin of other mechanism obviously.
Wherein eliminating noise jamming with signal processing technology in the above-mentioned steps (2) may further comprise the steps:
(21), positive and negative electrode and reference electrode are placed on the appropriate location of anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part, to increase the parent electrocardiosignal as far as possible, suppress the interference of fetus electrocardiosignal according to parent electrocardio projection relation; As shown in Figure 2, in this step positive and negative electrode and reference electrode be placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part appropriate location and be anelectrode is placed on the pregnant woman uterus palace at the bottom of, negative electrode is placed on anemia of pregnant woman's pubis junction, reference electrode is placed on femoribus internus or the right lower limb.
(22), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is delivered to preposition differential amplifier circuit and 50Hz double T trap circuit and suppressed common-mode signals such as 50Hz power frequency interference; Again
(23), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication delivered to main amplifier and 0.8Hz high-pass filtering circuit and 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit carry out signal amplification and high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering treatment, obtain the abdominal part signal of telecommunication of 0.8Hz～2.5KHz segment; Again
(24), this abdominal part signal of telecommunication is delivered to final stage amplify and to carry out further signal and amplify, make the abdominal part signal of telecommunication can carry out analog digital conversion (A/D);
(25), will deliver to analog to digital conversion circuit through the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that final stage is amplified carries out analog digital conversion and obtains the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
(26), the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication is delivered to microcomputer system by USB interface and carries out following processing according to default software module:
(261), at first the logarithm belly portion signal of telecommunication carries out digital power frequency trap and suppresses the pretreatment of baseline drift;
(262), will carry out the QRS wave group of mother's electrocardio (MECG) identification through the pretreated digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication with identification MECG;
(263), will utilize matched filtering method effective filtering MECG signal and obtain electromyographic signal (EMG) through the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication after the MECG identification.The described matched filtering method of this step also claims matched filtering, and its cardinal principle and process are that the abdominal part signal after handling through AGC is carried out the QRS wave group that MECG is removed in matched filtering.For the present invention, the basic thought of matched filtering is that detected a plurality of QRS wave groups are weighted on average, and with the abdominal part signal in the QRS wave group of certain MECG align accurately and subtract each other.As Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 5, the matched filtering module is divided into dynamic template calculating and waveform offsets two parts.Owing to through the processing of MECG identification module, obtained the exact position of the QRS wave group of MECG, therefore, can from the abdominal part signal after AGC handles, extract the QRS wave group, and be sent to the dynamic template computing module and calculate the required template of matched filtering.
For the QRS wave group of effective filtering MECG, the present invention adopts the average method calculation template of dynamic weighting.Strictly speaking, electrocardiosignal is a nonstationary random signal, and the distribution of each MECG QRS wave group weight directly influences the effect of matched filtering, therefore seems particularly important.The weight that the present invention adopts presents exponential.The power of each MECG QRS wave group is in chronological sequence got successively ... λ
N, λ
N-1, λ
N-2λ
2, λ, 1, just the weight that the up-to-date MECG heart is clapped is made as the highlyest by 1, handles the influence of having given prominence to the data segment that the different moment play a major role like this, so is highly suitable for the real-time processing of nonstationary random signal.The formula that generates matching template is such:
T wherein
d: matching template
T
i: the data of i MECG QRS wave group
Wi: the power of i MECG QRS wave group
Definite says, T
dAnd T
iAll be vector, Wi=λ
i, 0＜λ＜1
Write as the form of matrix:
T is all QRS wave group data that participate in the MECG of calculating matching template, and they constitute the capable M column matrix of N; N is the number that participates in the QRS wave group of calculating matching template; M is the length of each QRS wave group; W is 1 row N row weight coefficient matrix [w
0w
1W
N-1].
Like this, deduct template with the abdominal part signal, just obtain eliminating the electromyographic signal of MECG QRS wave group, the effect of processing as shown in Figure 8.
Proofreading and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted with automatic gain control (AGC) in the above-mentioned steps (3) both can be to carry out in microcomputer, it is to carry out gain compensation with delivering to microcomputer machine system through the pretreated digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication of above-mentioned steps (261) according to default AGC rectification module, and wherein the formula of AGC correction process is
X represents x constantly, and it is the peak-to-peak values of adjacent two R;
N represents that n constantly;
M represents the interval at the adjacent two R peaks of MECG;
G
(X)Represent X gain compensation functional value constantly with Y;
r
nRepresent that n records the R wave amplitude of MECG constantly;
r
N+1Expression (n+m) records the next R wave amplitude of MECG constantly.
Its flow process as shown in Figure 5.The basic ideas of proofreading and correct processing sub are the difference according to adjacent two the R ripples of MECG, are benchmark with previous R ripple, the compensation that the data between these two R ripples are gained.Suppose that n at a time records the R ripple of MECG, is designated as R
n, amplitude is r
nRecord the next R ripple of MECG constantly at n+m, be designated as R
N+1, amplitude is r
N+1M is the R-R interval of MECG.R why
N+1With R
nThere are differences, be because R
N+1Conduction be subjected to the influence of its path change, just the cardiac electrical ssystem transfer function of parent changes, this is a kind of multiplication noise.Offset the multiplication noise, just must carry out gain compensation, the effect of Here it is AGC signal.But the variation of MECG transfer function is subjected to all multifactor influences such as the breathing of parent, abdominal exercise, and the situation more complicated is difficult to obtain its mathematical model.The present invention adopts a kind of simple approach, but compensation also needs a benchmark.In the signal of telecommunication that abdominal part extracts, the most easy to identify with the R ripple of MECG, just become the benchmark of compensation naturally.
Might as well be benchmark with the amplitude of the R ripple of n MECG recognizing, each R ripple all compensates with reference to this amplitude later on.With n is initial point constantly, and time t is an X-axis, and gain compensation function G (x) is a Y-axis, sets up coordinate system.The compensating gain of two R crests is respectively (0,1) and (m, r in coordinate system obviously
n/ r
N+1), project to it in coordinate system of foundation respectively and connect 2 points, obtain the gain compensation curve.
Cross (x this moment
0, y
0) and (x
1, y
1) the two point form linear equation be:
With (0,1) and (m, r
n/ r
N+1) difference substitution (X
0, y
0) and (x
1, y
1):
Obtain behind the abbreviation:
This formula is exactly that AGC proofreaies and correct the processing formula.
Also can adopt the R wave amplitude of the made MECG of other mechanism to be limited in the computing formula of fixed level all the time obviously in this processing method, therefore the mode of this class compensation of any employing all belongs to the protection domain of this patent.
The abdominal part signal of telecommunication with the gauged extraction of automatic gain control (AGC) in the above-mentioned steps (3) also can be to realize in the circuit hardware of periphery, it mainly is that the abdominal part signal of telecommunication after handling through above-mentioned steps (23) is delivered to the agc circuit module be made up of controlled amplifier and control signal source is benchmark with the R wave amplitude of MECG, all the time the R wave amplitude of MECG is clamped down on constant level, it may further comprise the steps:
(31), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication enters by controlled amplifier with controlled amplifier input terminal and controls and processing and amplifying;
(32), the one road was as the MECG output signal after the signal after the process control processing and amplifying passed through a 45Hz low pass filter, another road is delivered to accurate double-limit comparator and is compared judgement and whether exceeded specified level in order to the R crest value of judging MECG, if having exceeded specified level, the R crest value forwards step 34 to, otherwise
(33), accurate double-limit comparator output low level, then amplifier IC
1While output low level U
1, be operated in the field effect transistor T conducting of using as switch in the nonlinear area, connect R
4, capacitor C
2Discharge is quickened suddenly, amplifier IC
2Output low level U
5, regulate controlled Amplifier Gain and increase rapidly, the MECG output signal is clamped down in specified level;
(34), accurate double-limit comparator output high level U
1, amplifier IC
1Export high level U simultaneously
2, the T of field effect battalion ends, and disconnects R4, level U
1Pass through capacitor C
3Differential, and pass through D
2Get direct impulse level U
4Give capacitor C
2U is worked as in charging
1High more, U then
4Impulse wave intensive more, to C
2It is also fast more to charge, IC
2Output level U
5Also high more, controlled Amplifier Gain is also more little, again the MECG output signal is clamped down in specified level.Its basic functional principle is an agc circuit with the R ripple of MECG is correction reference, all the time it is clamped down on constant level, but AGC approximate correction system function has promptly been proofreaied and correct electromyographic signal, eliminates the interference that motion causes.The core of agc circuit is controlled amplifier, and its gain is regulated by control level.Its principle has been to use non-linear element diode, makes it work in the inelastic region, controls its resistance with control level, i.e. the gain of scalable whole amplifier.The control level of control signal source output changes automatically according to the R crest value of MECG in the output signal of controlled amplifier.As shown in Figure 6, accurate double-limit comparator is used for detecting the R wave amplitude.If the absolute value of signal amplitude has exceeded specified level U
0, then comparator is exported high level, otherwise, if its absolute amplitude is at prescribed limit U
0In, the comparator output low level.Level U wherein
0Be the level of clamping down on of MECG signal, determine by the parameter in the comparator.Amplifier A
1The comparator that constitutes, its output level U
2Whether conducting of control P channel junction field-effect pipe T.Field effect transistor T uses as switch, is switched on or switched off resistance R
4Thereby, sharply change electrochemical capacitor C
2Discharge and recharge time constant.In case the amplitude output signal of AGC is too small, U
1Become low level, U
2Also step-down thereupon, R is connected in field effect transistor T conducting
4, make capacitor C
2Discharge is quickened suddenly, A
2Output level U
5Reduce control level TP rapidly
4Reduce, regulate controlled Amplifier Gain and increase rapidly, the result clamps down on its output signal in specified level.Yet, only consider the peak value of wishing to clamp down on the R ripple, in R-R interim, output signal is certainly much smaller than specified level U
0, at this moment, the A.G.C. gain can not change or change very little, therefore at A
1Add by R in the comparator circuit
1And C
1The RC circuit of forming (time constant is 16 cardiac electrical cycle) is to clamp down on A
2Output level U
2Have only several R crests of working as continuously less than level U
0The time, C
1Amplification acquires a certain degree, and makes diode D
1Conducting, level U
2With U
1Be turned into low level, the conducting field effect transistor makes control level TP
4Descend, the AGC gain is risen rapidly.
Level U
1Pass through capacitor C
3Differential passes through D again
2Get direct impulse level U
4, give capacitor C
2Charging.The input signal amplitude of accurate double-limit comparator is big more, then U
4Impulse wave intensive more, to C
2It is also fast more to charge, A
2Output level U
5High more, TP
4High more, controlled amplifier gain is just more little, and the result clamps down on output signal in specified level again.Certain this AGC module also can be that other similarly can clamp down on the R crest value of MECG the circuit arrangement on specified level, and therefore any other similar agc circuit compensation arrangement all belongs to the protection domain of this patent.
A kind of device that is used for farrowing interval monitoring parent uterine contraction activity of the present invention comprises:
Be placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part and be used to extract electrode or other biosensor of anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
Be used for the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is carried out the signal processing apparatus of signal processing;
Be arranged in the signal processing apparatus passing through behind the identification QRS wave group that R wave amplitude with mother's electrocardio (MECG) is limited in fixed level all the time be used to proofread and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracted to suppress automatic gain control (AGC) device of multiplication noise;
The detector arrangement that the electromyographic signal that obtains after being used for handling through signal processing and correction is carried out envelope detection;
Be used to infuse electronic infusion pump to the anemia of pregnant woman, and the electronic infusion pump is controlled by the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) through obtaining after the above-mentioned envelope detection.
Said signal processing device comprises:
Be used to amplify extraction the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, suppress the differential type pre-amplification circuit of common-mode signals such as power frequency interference;
Be used to suppress the interferential 50Hz double T of 50Hz power frequency trap circuit;
The 0.8Hz high-pass filtering circuit that is used for the following low frequency signal of filtering 0.8Hz;
The 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit that is used for the above high-frequency signal of filtering 2.5KHz;
Be used for main signal amplifying circuit that the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is further amplified;
The abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is used for extracting further amplifies so that the abdominal part signal of telecommunication can reach can carry out analog-to-digital final stage amplifying circuit;
Be used for and carry out analog digital conversion to obtain the analog to digital conversion circuit of the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication through the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that final stage is amplified;
Being used for will be through the digital power frequency microwave trap of the power frequency interference filtering of the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication after the analog digital conversion;
Be used to suppress between skin and the electrode potential change and motion artifacts and electronic component temperature and float the inhibition baseline drift device of the low-frequency disturbance of generation;
Be used to discern the MECG recognition device of the QRS wave group of MECG;
The matched filter that is used to utilize matched filtering method filtering MECG and obtains electromyographic signal EMG.
Wherein above-mentioned automatic gain control (AGC) device both can be as shown in Figure 3 suppressing to utilize AGC correction process formula between baseline drift device and the MECG recognition device for device
X represents x constantly, and it is the peak-to-peak values of adjacent two R;
N represents that n constantly;
M represents the interval at the adjacent two R peaks of MECG;
G
(X)Represent X gain compensation functional value constantly with Y;
r
nRepresent that n records the R wave amplitude of MECG constantly;
r
N+1Expression (n+m) records the next R wave amplitude of MECG constantly.
Above-mentioned automatic gain control (AGC) device also can be as shown in Figure 4 be the agc circuit of device between main signal amplifying circuit and 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit, this agc circuit comprises:
Master control amplifying circuit, accurate two limit comparison circuits, feedback control signal source, wherein:
The master control amplifier input terminal connects the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, and thereafter one the tunnel as the output of MECG signal, the one tunnel as control signal U by 45Hz low pass filtered circuit for its outfan
0Deliver to accurate two limit comparison circuit and judge comparison, accurate two limit comparison circuits are according to control signal U
0Order of magnitude, export a switch level U
1Give the control signal source, the control signal source is according to switch level U
1Feedback control signal of size output give controlled amplifying circuit to regulate the gain size of controlled amplifying circuit, the R crest value of MECG output signal is clamped down on all the time on a fixed level.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1), extracts the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that includes mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), myoelectricity (EMG) and electromagnetic interference and multiplication noise by the electrode that is placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part;
(2), eliminate the noise jamming that comprises mother's electrocardio (MECG), fetus electrocardio (FECG), electromagnetic interference and low frequency and HFS with signal processing technology; Simultaneously
(3), the R wave amplitude of mother's electrocardio (MECG) being limited in fixed level all the time with automatic gain control (AGC) after by identification QRS wave group proofreaies and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted and obtains electromyographic signal (EMG) to suppress the multiplication noise;
(4), electromyographic signal (EMG) is carried out the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) that envelope detection obtains low frequency;
(5), myoelectricity strength signal IEMG is shown, monitors and the processing of reporting to the police.
2, the method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity according to claim 1 is characterized in that eliminating noise jamming with signal processing technology in the above-mentioned steps (2) may further comprise the steps:
(21), positive and negative electrode and reference electrode are placed on the appropriate location of anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part, to increase the parent electrocardiosignal as far as possible, suppress the interference of fetus electrocardiosignal according to parent electrocardio projection relation;
(22), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is delivered to preposition differential amplifier circuit and 50Hz double T trap circuit and suppressed common-mode signals such as 50Hz power frequency interference; Again
(23), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication delivered to main amplifier and 0.8Hz high-pass filtering circuit and 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit carry out signal amplification and high-pass filtering and low-pass filtering treatment, obtain the abdominal part signal of telecommunication of 0.8Hz～2.5KHz segment; Again
(24), this abdominal part signal of telecommunication is delivered to final amplifier carry out further signal and amplify, make the abdominal part signal of telecommunication can carry out analog digital conversion;
(25), will deliver to analog to digital conversion circuit through the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that final stage is amplified carries out analog digital conversion and obtains the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
(26), the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication is delivered to microcomputer system by USB interface and carries out following processing according to default software module:
(261), at first the logarithm belly portion signal of telecommunication carries out digital power frequency trap and suppresses the pretreatment of baseline drift;
(262), will carry out the QRS wave group of mother's electrocardio (MECG) identification through the pretreated digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication with identification MECG;
(263), will adopt matched filtering method effective filtering MECG signal through the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication after the MECG identification and obtain electromyographic signal (EMG).
3, the method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that in the above-mentioned steps (21) with positive and negative electrode and reference electrode be placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part appropriate location be anelectrode is placed on the pregnant woman uterus palace at the bottom of, the pubis junction reference electrode that negative electrode is placed on the anemia of pregnant woman is placed on femoribus internus or the right lower limb.
4, the method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the middle abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted with automatic gain control (AGC) correction of above-mentioned steps (3) is to carry out gain compensation with delivering to microcomputer machine system through the pretreated digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication of above-mentioned steps (261) according to default AGC correction module, wherein the formula of AGC correction processing is
X represents x constantly, and it is the peak-to-peak values of adjacent two R;
N represents that n constantly;
M represents the interval at the adjacent two R peaks of MECG;
G
(X)Represent X gain compensation functional value constantly with Y;
r
nRepresent that n records the R wave amplitude of MECG constantly;
r
N+1Expression (n+m) records the next R wave amplitude of MECG constantly.
5, the method that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that in the above-mentioned steps (3) that proofreading and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is extracted with automatic gain control (AGC) is to be benchmark with deliver to the agc circuit module be made up of controlled amplifier and control signal source through the abdominal part signal of telecommunication after above-mentioned steps (23) processing with the R wave amplitude of MECG, all the time the R wave amplitude of MECG is clamped down on constant level, it may further comprise the steps:
(31), the abdominal part signal of telecommunication enters by controlled amplifier from controlled amplifier input terminal and controls and processing and amplifying;
(32), the one road was as the MECG output signal after the signal after the process control processing and amplifying passed through a 45Hz low pass filter, another road is delivered to accurate double-limit comparator and is compared judgement and whether exceeded specified level in order to the R crest value of judging MECG, if having exceeded specified level, the R crest value forwards 34 to, otherwise
(33), accurate double-limit comparator output low level, then amplifier IC
1While output low level U
1, be operated in the field effect transistor T conducting of using as switch in the nonlinear area, connect R
4, capacitor C
2Discharge is quickened suddenly, amplifier IC
2Output low level U
5, regulate controlled Amplifier Gain and increase rapidly, the MECG output signal is clamped down in specified level;
(34), accurate double-limit comparator output high level U
1, amplifier IC
1Export high level U simultaneously
2, field effect transistor T ends, off resistance R
4, level U
1Pass through capacitor C
3Differential, and pass through D
2Get direct impulse level U
4Give capacitor C
2U is worked as in charging
1High more, U then
4Impulse wave intensive more, to C
2It is also fast more to charge, IC
2Output level U
5Also high more, controlled Amplifier Gain is also more little, again the MECG output signal is clamped down in specified level.
6, a kind of device that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity is characterized in that comprising:
Be placed on anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part and be used to extract the pick off of anemia of pregnant woman's abdominal part signal of telecommunication;
Be used for the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is carried out the signal processing apparatus of signal processing;
Be arranged in the signal processing apparatus passing through behind the identification QRS wave group that R wave amplitude with mother's electrocardio (MECG) is limited in fixed level all the time be used to proofread and correct the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracted to suppress automatic gain control (AGC) device of multiplication noise;
The detector arrangement that the electromyographic signal that obtains after being used for handling through signal processing and correction is carried out envelope detection;
Be used to infuse electronic infusion pump to the anemia of pregnant woman, and the electronic infusion pump is controlled by the myoelectricity strength signal (IEMG) through obtaining after the above-mentioned envelope detection.
7, the device that is used to monitor the parent uterine contraction activity according to claim 6 is characterized in that said signal processing device comprises:
Be used to amplify extraction the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, suppress the differential type pre-amplification circuit of common-mode signals such as power frequency interference;
Be used to suppress the interferential 50Hz double T of 50Hz power frequency trap circuit;
The 0.8Hz high-pass filtering circuit that is used for the following low frequency signal of filtering 0.8Hz;
The 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit that is used for the above high-frequency signal of filtering 2.5KHz;
Be used for main signal amplifying circuit that the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that extracts is further amplified;
The abdominal part signal of telecommunication that is used for extracting further amplifies so that the abdominal part signal of telecommunication can reach can carry out analog-to-digital final stage amplifying circuit;
Be used for and carry out analog digital conversion to obtain the analog to digital conversion circuit of the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication through the abdominal part signal of telecommunication that final stage is amplified;
Being used for will be through the digital power frequency microwave trap of the power frequency interference filtering of the digital abdominal part signal of telecommunication after the analog digital conversion;
Be used to suppress between skin and the electrode potential change and motion artifacts and electronic component temperature and float the inhibition baseline drift device of the low-frequency disturbance of generation;
Be used to discern the MECG recognition device of the QRS wave group of MECG;
The matched filter that is used to utilize matched filtering method filtering MECG and obtains electromyographic signal EMG.
8, the device that is used to monitor the parent uterine activity according to claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned automatic gain control (AGC) device is suppressing to utilize AGC correction process formula between baseline drift device and the MECG recognition device for device
The AGC module of handling is wherein in this formula
X represents x constantly, and it is the peak-to-peak values of adjacent two R;
N represents that n constantly;
M represents the interval at the adjacent two R peaks of MECG;
G
(X)Represent X gain compensation functional value constantly with Y;
r
nRepresent that n records the R wave amplitude of MECG constantly;
r
N+1Expression (n+m) records the next R wave amplitude of MECG constantly.
9, the device that is used to monitor the parent uterine activity according to claim 7 is characterized in that above-mentioned automatic gain control (AGC) device is the agc circuit of device between main signal amplifying circuit and 2.5KHz low-pass filter circuit, and this agc circuit comprises:
Master control amplifying circuit, accurate two limit comparison circuits, feedback control signal source, wherein:
The master control amplifier input terminal connects the abdominal part signal of telecommunication, its outfan by behind 45Hz low pass filtered circuit thereafter one the tunnel as the output of MECG signal, the one tunnel as control signal U
0Deliver to accurate two limit comparison circuit and judge comparison, accurate two limit comparison circuits are according to control signal U
0Order of magnitude, export a switch level U
1Give the control signal source, the control signal source is according to switch level U
1Feedback control signal of size output give controlled amplifying circuit to regulate the gain size of controlled amplifying circuit, the R crest value of MECG output signal is clamped down on all the time on a fixed level.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 03113712 CN1273080C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Method and device for monitoring contraction activities of mother womb and controlling childbirth process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03113712 CN1273080C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Method and device for monitoring contraction activities of mother womb and controlling childbirth process |
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| CN1273080C true CN1273080C (en) | 2006-09-06 |
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| CN 03113712 Expired - Fee Related CN1273080C (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2003-01-29 | Method and device for monitoring contraction activities of mother womb and controlling childbirth process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102481450A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2012-05-30 | 威斯特天主教保健中心 | Uterine electrical stimulation system and method |
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| CN102525418A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Premature delivery prediction instrument |
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| CN105431079A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2016-03-23 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Automatic analysis of uterine activity signals and use thereof for enhancing the labor and delivery experience |
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| CN110613435B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2022-09-23 | 深圳市理邦精密仪器股份有限公司 | Method for detecting fetal heart rate and uterine contraction pressure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102481450A (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2012-05-30 | 威斯特天主教保健中心 | Uterine electrical stimulation system and method |
| CN102481450B (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2015-09-16 | 威斯特天主教保健中心 | uterine electrical stimulation system and method |
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| CN1444905A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
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