CN1255164A - 与人Ha-ras基因片段互补的经修饰的反义核苷酸 - Google Patents
与人Ha-ras基因片段互补的经修饰的反义核苷酸 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及与人Ha-ras基因和mRNA片段互补的特异并修饰的寡核苷酸,及其特异调节、调整或抑制Ha-ras基因表达的用途,以及在Ha-ras基因异常表达所引起的疾病的治疗中充当药物的用途,尤其与化疗和放疗的联合使用。本发明经修饰的寡核苷酸含有5’-TxAxTxTxCxCxGxTxCxAxT-3’-O-PO2-O-R序列,其中X是O或 S,前提条件是X有4-9次为S,而O指磷酸二酯核苷间键,S指硫代磷酸酯核苷间键。R是C8-C21烷基,-(CH2-CH2O)n-(CH2)m-CH3或-CH2-CH(OH)CH2O-(CH2)q-CH3,其中n是1-6的整数,m是0-20的整数,q是7-20的整数,A是2’-脱氧腺苷,G是2’-脱氧鸟苷,C是2’-脱氧胞苷,T是胸苷。
Description
本发明涉及与人Ha-ras基因和mRNA片段互补的特异并修饰的寡核苷酸,及其特异性调节、调整或抑制Ha-ras基因表达的用途,以及在Ha-ras基因异常表达所引起的疾病的治疗中用作药物的用途。
反义寡核苷酸(AO)已在大量的体内和体外系统中被证明是基因表达的特异性抑制剂(Uhlmann和Peyman,Chem.Rev.1990,90,543)。
使用只含磷酸二酯核苷间键的未经修饰的寡核苷酸(PO-寡核苷酸)时遇到的一个主要问题是,此类寡核苷酸在细胞和生物流体(例如血液和脑脊液)中被一定范围内的核酸水解活性所迅速降解。为了提高它们的核酸水解稳定性,对寡核苷酸进行了广泛的化学修饰(Uhlmann和Peyman,Chem.Res.1990,90,543)。这些修饰包括对磷酸二酯核苷间键、糖基、核苷碱基或寡核苷酸的糖-磷酸主链进行修饰或取代。研究最充分的修饰类型是核苷间键的改变,包括硫代磷酸酯(PS)键、甲基磷酸酯(MeP)键和二硫代磷酸酯(Phosphorodithioate,PSS)键。应该强调的是寡核苷酸的修饰不仅改变了它的核酸酶稳定性,还改变了寡核苷酸的其它特性,例如它们的细胞摄取,RNaseH活性,和它们的目标核酸结合的强度和特异性,等等。应该了解的是,经修饰的寡核苷酸在血清中的稳定性,常用于测定寡核苷酸的核酸酶稳定性,这种稳定性并不是细胞内稳定性的唯一决定因素(P.D.Cook,《反义研究与应用》,Crooke和Lebleu(编)CRC Press,Boca Raton,1993,第9章,149页)。
硫代磷酸酯(PS)修饰的寡核苷酸是经修饰的寡核苷酸中使用最广的类型。为了确定将PS连接置于反义寡核苷酸中的位置,建立了下述策略:(1)用硫代磷酸酯键取代所有的磷酸二酯核苷间键。
产生的全部硫代磷酸酯寡核苷酸对核酸酶比PO-寡核苷酸要稳定得多(Monia等人,生物化学杂志(J.Biol.Chem.)1996,271,14533)。例如,全部PS寡核苷酸在内切核酸酶作用下的降解相对于PO寡核苷酸减慢了2-45倍(Stein等人,核酸研究(Nucleic AcidResearch),1988,16,3209)。在爪蟾卵母细胞或胚胎中,微量注射的PO-寡核苷酸的降解以半衰期30分钟的速度进行,而全部PS-寡核苷酸在相同条件下半衰期超过3小时(Woolf等人,核酸研究,1990,18,1763)。全部PS-寡核苷酸保留了它们激活RNaseH的能力。全部PS-寡核苷酸的主要不利之处在于它们与目标核酸形成稳定杂合体的能力降低了,并且常常有非特异的“非反义”效应(Monia等人,生物化学杂志,1996,271,14533)。(2)同时含有硫代磷酸酯和磷酸二酯核苷间键的寡核苷酸。
为了克服在全部PS-寡核苷酸中观察到的非反义效应,合成了同时含有硫代磷酸酯和磷酸二酯核苷间键的寡核苷酸,并检测了其稳定性和生物学活性。
Ghosh等人(抗癌药物设计(Anticancer Drug Design),1993,8,15)描述了含有不同百分比PS连接的PS-PO寡核苷酸。他们的构建沿循下例式样(PS-PO-PO-PO)n’(PO-PO-PS)n’(PS-PO)n’[(PO)2-(PS)2]n’[PO-PS-PS]n。他们告知,为达到体外选择性翻译抑制作用,要求PS键含量至少50%,而当PS含量少于50%时,活性猛烈下跌。最近已证明,以(PS-PO)n式样排列而含50%PS键的寡核苷酸在一个检测系统中显示没有生物学活性,而此实验系统中相同序列的全部PS-寡核苷酸和“末端封盖”的PO-PS寡核苷酸(见下文)有很高活性(Monia等人,生物化学杂志,1996,271,14533)。(3)“末端封盖”的寡核苷酸,此寡核苷酸5’和/或3’末端的一个,两个或三个核苷间桥被硫代磷酸酯修饰。(也称为“缺口技术”)
这种修饰类型主要是为了防止寡核苷酸在外切核酸酶作用下降解而设计的。特别是寡核苷酸3’-末端的修饰是想要的,因为这样可以保护寡核苷酸免受血液中最丰富的核酸酶-3’-外切核酸酶的作用(Uhlmann和Peyman,Chem.Rev.1990,90,543)。
Hoke等人(核酸研究,1991,19,5743)对这些策略做了一个有趣的比较。作者比较了针对HSV-1的一些反义PS-寡核苷酸在细胞培养物中的活性。他们的发现证明,3’或3’+5’末端封盖的寡核苷酸(在每一例中前三个核苷间键被修饰了),与全部PS-寡核苷酸相似,它们受到了充分保护,能够免受血清中核酸酶的降解。相反,内部修饰(三个PS桥)的寡核苷酸和只有5’-末端被封盖的寡核苷酸(也是前三个核苷间键被修饰了)被迅速降解。相反地,作者发现,不管是5’还是3’末端封盖或是两末端封盖对细胞内的活性都不够充分,他们得出结论,一致的修饰(全部PS)是获得对细胞内核酸酶充分稳定性所需要的。
近来发现,嘧啶核苷是寡核苷酸内对核酸酶最敏感的位点(Peyman,A.和Uhlmann,E.,Hoppe-Seyler生物化学1996,377,67;EP0 653 439 A2)。已发现,末端封盖和寡核苷酸嘧啶位点PS保护的组合(所谓的“最小修饰”方法)足够使它们对核酸酶降解有高度耐受性。用这种PS式样修饰的寡核苷酸的生物学活性(针对单纯疱疹病毒)与全部PS-寡核苷酸相当。
使用AO时不管它们是否对降解比较稳定,遇到的一个主要问题是它们的不良细胞摄取。已进行了许多探索,企图改善这个问题。这些探索的大多数围绕着将各种物质连接到寡核苷酸上进行。修饰包括:将肽连接到寡核苷酸上(Lemaitre,M.等,美国科学院学报(Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA)1987,84,648)和将亲脂性残基,如烷基链或胆甾醇,连接到寡核苷酸上(Saison-Behmoaras,T.等,EMBOJ.,1991,10,1111-1118;Will,D.W.和Brown,T.,四面体通讯(TetrahedronLett.),1992,33,2729)。然而,已发现,在很多情况下亲脂性基团的引入会引起不依赖于寡核苷酸序列的生物学效应。已经有关于胆甾醇-寡核苷酸缀合物(Henderson,G.B.和Stein,C.A.核酸研究,1995,23,3726)和连接到烷基链上的寡核苷酸(Shen,R.G.等人,核酸研究,1990,18,3777)的非特异效应的报导。Saison-Behmoaras等人(EMBO J.1991,10,1111-1118;WO 96/34008)报导了用3’-十二烷醇部分和5’-吖啶交联剂衍生且反义于突变Ha-ras的9聚体全部PO-寡核苷酸抑制了T24人膀胱癌细胞的增殖。对这种寡核苷酸与无十二烷醇缀合的相应寡核苷酸的抗增殖活性未做比较。在T24细胞中,十二烷醇寡核苷酸的细胞摄取据报导是未经修饰的寡核苷酸的4倍。吖啶-十二烷醇修饰的寡核苷酸对携带未突变Ha-ras基因的人乳房细胞系的增殖没有影响。这种效应可能归因于反义寡核苷酸的序列特异性,或归因于细胞摄取不足。既然未测定到吖啶-十二烷醇寡核苷酸在人乳房细胞系中的摄取,则这种效应可能完全,或者至少部分是因为寡核苷酸没有被人乳房细胞系吸收,因而没有机会显示其对细胞增殖的非序列特异性效应。
大约20%的人类肿瘤在三种ras基因(Ha-ras,Ki-ras,和N-ras)之一内有突变,导致在转化表型中扮演重要角色的p21蛋白发生过度表达(Bos,T.L.,1988年突变研究(1988 Mutation Res.),1988,195,255)。有报导说不同细胞系中不同ras基因的抑制可不产生影响,或能抑制细胞增殖,这取决于哪种ras基因控制着细胞增殖(Chen等人,生物化学杂志,1996,271,28259-65)。有人提出,对个别ras基因有区别地进行调整可能是抑制肿瘤生长同时对正常细胞生长的影响降到最小的方法。成功治疗Ha-ras诱导的肿瘤的一种方法是调节、调整或抑制Ha-ras基因的表达。反义寡脱氧核苷酸(寡核苷酸)已显示在非细胞体系、培养的转化细胞(T.Saison-Behmoaras等人,EMBOJ.1991,10,1111-1118;Monia等人,生物化学杂志,1996,271,14533)和体内ras激活的肿瘤(Gray,G.D等人,癌症研究(CancerResearch),1973,53,577)中可充当ras mRNA表达的特异抑制剂。
为了调整野生型或突变型中ras基因的表达,Brown等人(癌基因研究(Oncogene Res.),1989,4,243-252)建议使用与Balb-ras P21mRNA(人Ha-ras基因的小鼠形式)的起始密码子区互补的抗ras寡脱氧核糖核苷甲基磷酸酯。然而,众所周知,甲基磷酸酯与硫代磷酸酯相比,除它们的不良细胞摄取之外,还有一些重要的不利之处。
Monia等人(生物化学杂志,1992,267,19954-19962;WO92/22651)公开了定向到人Ha-ras基因翻译起始位点或密码子12的全部PS-反义寡核苷酸和含有不同百分比PS键的反义寡核苷酸(WO94/08003),然而,这些寡核苷酸具有涉及细胞摄取和不良稳定性方面的上述不利之处。
Pirollo等人(生物化学与生物物理学研究通讯(Biochem.Biophys.Research Comm.),1997,230,196-201)建议使用抗ras的全部PS-寡脱氧核苷酸,以逆转癌细胞的辐射耐受性。然而,这些反义寡核苷酸显示出如上所述的不利之处(不良细胞摄取,不稳定)。
因此,本发明旨在提供一种寡核苷酸,这种寡核苷酸经修饰提高了稳定性和细胞摄取,并与Ha-ras mRNA互补,可特异性调节、调整或抑制野生型以及突变型Ha-ras基因的表达,并可用于抑制癌细胞增殖、逆转癌细胞的辐射耐受性和治疗因Ha-ras基因异常表达引起的疾病。
根据本发明,这个问题通过提供具有序列SEQ ID NO.1的一种经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸而得以解决,序列SEQ ID NO:1如下:
5′-TxAxTxTxCxCxGxTxCxAxT-3′-O-PO2-O-R其中x指o或sA指2’-脱氧腺苷G指2’-脱氧鸟苷C指2’-脱氧胞苷T指胸苷
本发明经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸其特征尤其在于含下列序列之一:
(a)5′-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(b)5′-TsAsToToCsCoGsToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(c)5′-TsAoTsToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(d)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(e)5′-TsAoTsToCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(f)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(g)5′-TsAsToToCsCsGsToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(h)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(i)5′-TsAsTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(j)5′-TsAsToToCoCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(k)5′-TsAsTsToCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(l)5′-TsAsTsToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(m)5′-TsAsToTsCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(n)5′-TsAsToToCsCsGoTsCoAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(o)5′-TsAsToTsCsCoGoTsCoAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(p)5′-TsAoTsTsCoCsGoTsCoAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(q)5′-TsAsTsToCsCsGoToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(r)5′-TsAsTsToCoCsGoToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(s)5′-ToAoTsToCsCoGoToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R or
(t)5′-TsAsTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,其中所有变量o,s,R,m,n及q和A,G,C及T为前文所述含义。
本发明经修饰的寡核苷酸与衍生自人Ha-ras基因的DNA或RNA互补。寡核苷酸与Ha-ras mRNA的翻译起始区互补。因此它可抑制野生型和突变ras的表达,导致肿瘤细胞增殖受到抑制。寡核苷酸经修饰提高了稳定性和细胞摄取特性。寡核苷酸在某些位点,尤其是易受核酸酶攻击的一些位点,含4~9个硫代磷酸酯键。寡核苷酸的3’-末端被C8-C21烷基或C1-C21烷基、优选C16烷基链,通过磷酸二酯桥、寡乙二醇磷酸二酯键或甘油基醚磷酸二酯键共价结合而受到修饰。
本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案是含6个硫代磷酸酯键的序列5’-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3’-O-PO2-O-R的经修饰寡脱氧核苷酸,其中变量o,s,R,n,m及q和A,G,C及T为前文所述含义。
R特别优选是-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3,-(CH2)15CH3或-(CH2CH2O)n-(CH2)15CH3,其中n代表整数1-6;优选地n是1,2或3。
本发明进一步涉及经修饰的寡核苷酸的制备。优选地,寡核苷酸以标准亚磷酰胺化学法如实施例1和2所述合成。硫代磷酸酯键通过例如使用Beaucage试剂进行硫化处理而引入。
意外地发现,特别是甘油烷基醚,即基团-CH2-CH(OH)CH2O-(CH2)q-CH3(q是整数7-20),尤其是基团-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3以磷酸二酯键连接到寡核苷酸的3’-末端时,产生的寡核苷酸不再依赖于与摄取增强剂混合来获得最佳生物学活性。这是首次发现无论加入摄取增强剂与否均显示相同生物学活性的寡核苷酸。
本发明进一步涉及经修饰的寡核苷酸的制备。优选地,寡核苷酸以标准亚磷酰胺化学法如实施例1和2所述合成。硫代磷酸酯键通过例如使用Beaucage试剂进行硫化处理而引入。
本发明上述经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸尤其适合作为药物使用。因此,本发明进一步的目的是将经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸用作药物,特别是用于含至少一种本发明经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸有效量的药物制剂。更为特别的,本发明的寡脱氧核苷酸适合制备用于治疗Ha-ras基因过度表达和/或突变引起的疾病或过度增殖性失调引起的疾病的药物。
约10-20%的人肿瘤中存在ras的转化激活作用,这种转化激活是通过在DNA水平上扩增ras基因或在mRNA水平上过度表达ras蛋白而引起的。ras基因可通过密码子12,13或61的点突变而激活(Barbacid,M.,生物化学年度综述(Ann.Rev.Biochem.),1987,56,779-827;Bos,出处同前;Lowy,出处同前)。Ha-ras基因在密码子12的点突变使受正常调节的蛋白质转变成持续有活性的形式。失去对正常ras蛋白功能的调节被认为是细胞生长由正常转化至恶性的原因。
本发明经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸尤其适合用于调节、调整或抑制Ha-ras基因表达。寡脱氧核苷酸与Ha-ras mRNA的翻译起始区互补。因此,它可抑制野生型和突变型ras表达,导致肿瘤细胞增殖受到抑制。本发明的寡脱氧核苷酸可经进一步修饰以提高其稳定性和细胞摄取特性。寡脱氧核苷酸在特别易受核酸酶攻击的某些位点含4-9个、优选6个硫代磷酸酯键。C8-C21烷基或C1-C21烷基通过磷酸二酯桥,寡乙二醇磷酸二酯键或甘油醚磷酸二酯键共价结合于寡脱氧核苷酸上时,其细胞摄取情况将进一步得到改善。由于本发明寡脱氧核苷酸的稳定性和细胞摄取有所改善,因此它不再依赖于与摄取增强剂混合,并有最佳生物学活性。
因此,本发明的寡脱氧核苷酸尤其适于制备旨在对野生型和突变型Ha-ras基因表达进行调节、调整或抑制的药物。
如果Ha-ras基因突变引起的疾病是癌症,则本发明的寡核苷酸尤其适于制备可用于抑制癌细胞增殖的药物。
然而,另一方面,寡脱氧核苷酸用于制备与化疗法联合使用的抗癌药物比较有利,在癌细胞已经变得对化疗法有耐受性的病例中尤为如此,因为本发明的寡脱氧核苷酸可逆转癌细胞的化学耐受性。因此,本发明进一步的目的是如上所述经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备可逆转癌细胞化学耐受性的药物中的用途。
具体地说,由于这种特殊效应,本发明的寡核苷酸适于制备含有效剂量的至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂的药物制剂。这种化学疗法有效剂有例如顺铂及其衍生物,优选顺铂,去N衍生物,优选环磷酰胺,氯乙环磷酰胺和异环磷酰胺,氮丙啶衍生物,优选三乙烯硫代磷酰胺(thiothepa),N-亚硝基脲衍生物,叶酸拮抗物,优选氨甲蝶呤,嘌呤和嘧啶碱的类似物,优选5-氟-尿嘧啶,抑制细胞的有效抗生素,优选阿霉素、丝裂霉素和柔红霉素,雌激素拮抗物,优选它莫西芬,和核苷衍生物,优选MDL 101,731((E)-2’-脱氧-2’-(氟亚甲基)胞苷;癌症研究,1994,54,1485-1490)。
已知ras基因涉及生长、分化和肿瘤发生中多种因子的信号转导。最近的研究涉及了在辐射耐受性表型表达的信号转导途径中位于ras下游的raf-1癌基因。针对Ha-ras起始密码子的本发明反义寡核苷酸显示能逆转癌细胞的辐射耐受水平。
因此,本发明进一步的目的是本发明经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备与放疗法联合使用进行癌症治疗的药物中的用途。尤其是本发明经修饰的寡核苷酸适于制备能逆转癌细胞辐射耐受性的药物。
使用1-烷醇和寡乙二醇单烷基醚,分别结合EP 0552767 A2和EP 0 552 766 A2描述的3’衍生法,或使用实施例1描述的固相支持物,通过甘油醚磷酸二酯键,制备本发明经修饰的寡核苷酸。实施例:
表1:实施例中所用寡核苷酸一览表
实施例1
修饰 | 代码 | |
部分硫代磷酸酯,反义 | SEQ ID NO.2:5′-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′ | PPS |
部分硫代磷酸酯,有义 | SEQ ID NO.3:5′-AsTsGoAoCsGoGoAsAsTsA-3′ | PPS-S |
部分硫代磷酸酯有义+3’-C16-烷基 | SEQ ID NO.4:5′-AsTsGoAoCsGoGoAsAsTsA-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)-3′ | PPS-C16-S |
部分硫代磷酸酯反义+3’-C16-烷基 | SEQ ID NO.5:5′-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)-3′ | PPS-C16 |
用于寡核苷酸合成的固相支持物的合成,该寡核苷酸在3’-端由磷酸二酯键连接了甘油十六烷基醚赋予功能。
DL-a-十六烷基甘油(1mmol)通过与3×5ml无水吡啶共蒸发而干燥,然后溶于无水吡啶(3ml)中。将溶液冷却到0℃,加入4,4’-二甲氧基三苯甲游基氯(1.15mmol)。将反应物搅拌过夜。加入水(100ml)终止反应,并蒸发至干燥。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷(20ml),并用10ml0.1M磷酸盐缓冲液(pH7)抽提3次。有机相通过硫酸钠干燥、过滤和蒸发。残余物通过与2×5ml无水吡啶共蒸发而被干燥,然后溶于无水吡啶(2ml)中。加入4,4-二甲氨基吡啶(1.4mmol)和琥珀酸酐(2.1mmol)。将反应物搅拌过夜。使反应液蒸发至干,并与1∶1的甲苯:二氯甲烷共蒸发两次。将残余物溶于二氯甲烷(20ml),用10%柠檬酸(11ml)抽提,并用水(11ml)洗3次。向有机相中加入两滴三乙胺,随后通过硫酸钠干燥、过滤和蒸发。产物用二氯甲烷中含1-4%甲醇、1%三乙胺的梯度通过硅胶层析而纯化。所得产物呈透明油状,产量510mg(62%)。将产物(0.056mmol)、N-乙基吗啉(0.07mmol)和TBTU(0.056mmol)溶于DMF(2ml)中,并加入氨丙基可控孔度玻璃(CPG;500mg;500A,Fluka)中。将混合物振荡4小时,滤出CPG,然后用甲醇和二氯甲烷洗涤。用溶于THF的乙酸酐/N-甲基咪唑给CPG封帽1小时,过滤,并用甲醇、二氯甲烷、THF和二乙醚洗涤。真空干燥后,所负载的二甲氧基三苯甲游基测定为80mmol g-1。实施例2寡核苷酸合成
用应用生物系统394型DNA合成仪(Applied Biosystems,Inc.,Foster City,USA)和标准亚磷酰胺化学法合成寡核苷酸。偶联后,若需要,则用Beaucage试剂(lyer等人,1990)通过硫化作用引入硫代磷酸酯键,随后用于四氢呋喃中的乙酸酐和N-甲基咪唑加帽。从固相支持物上裂解下寡核苷酸并通过浓氨水处理进行最终去保护之后,用凝胶电泳纯化寡核苷酸。为合成十六烷基修饰的寡核苷酸,采用上述实施例1中的固相支持物。所有的寡核苷酸均用负离子电喷射质谱法(Fisons Bio-Q)进行分析,在所有情况中此法均进一步证实了所计算的质量。实施例3Ha-ras mRNA体外翻译的抑制
将0.06mg RNA和合适的寡核苷酸在10mM Tris-HCl,pH7.5,5mMMgCl2,25mM KCl和1mM DTT中于90℃条件下共同加热2分钟再慢慢冷却至室温,使二者退火。翻译反应混合物(10μl)由以下物质组成:0.06mg RNA、各种量(1,5,10或20μM)寡核苷酸、8U RNasin核糖核酸酶抑制剂(40U/μl)(Promega Biotec)、20μM无甲硫氨酸的氨基酸混合物(Promega Biotec)、0.8mCi 35S-甲硫氨酸(>1000mCi/μM,Amersham)、3-6μl经核酸酶处理过的兔网织细胞裂解产物(PromegaBiotec)和1μM二硫苏糖醇(DTT)。翻译在30℃进行1小时。
翻译后,向每一样品中加入含新鲜抑制剂(0.1mg/μl PMSF,1mM正钒酸钠,30ml/μl抑酶肽,Sigma,Cat,#A6279)的10μl RIPA缓冲液(PBS,1%NP40,0.5%脱氧胆酸钠),使混合物冰置20分钟。加入7μl 4×SDS样品缓冲液,其中含1.25M Tris-HCl pH6.8、6%SDS、40%甘油、12% 2-巯基乙醇和0.001%溴酚兰,将样品煮沸5分钟。每个样品取10μl在5-12.5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(PAGE)中进行电泳。固定走完的胶,使之干燥,并于-80℃在增感屏帮助下对柯达XAR-5胶片曝光。结果:
所要求的反义寡核苷酸5’-TsAsTTCsCGTsCsAsT-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)-3’(PPS-C16)在浓度为1、5、10和20μM时分别抑制rasP21蛋白翻译的约10、40、50和80%。用有义寡核苷酸5’-AsTsGACsGGAsAsTsA-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)-3’(PPS-C16-S)所做的对照未显示对翻译的抑制作用,直至浓度这20μM时方可观察到有11%的抑制。这有力地证明,在该系统中,C16烷基链不会产生非序列特异性作用。实施例4细胞培养中P21 ras蛋白表达的抑制细胞系:
利用转化有人Ha-ras(RS485)的NIH3T3小鼠成纤维细胞(Chang等人,生物化学30(1991)8283-86)作为实验细胞系,评估针对Ha-rasmRNA起始密码子区头十一个核苷酸的寡核苷酸对细胞生长和P21 ras蛋白表达的序列特异性抑制作用。
RS485细胞生长于补充有10%热失活(30分钟,于65℃)胎牛血清(FCS)、抗生素(各50U/μl的青霉素、链霉素和新霉素)及4mM L-谷氨酰胺的Dulbeccos Modified Eagle’s Medium(DMEM,Flow labs)中。对培养中的RS485细胞进行寡核苷酸处理
将RS485细胞接种于6孔平板(每孔105个细胞)上,20-24小时(细胞铺满40-60%)后,用寡核苷酸处理。从孔中除去培养基,向每孔中加入含各种浓度寡核苷酸的1ml新鲜培养基,平板在37℃、含5%二氧化碳、95%空气的潮湿环境中培养24-48小时。对培养中的RS485细胞进行寡核苷酸脂转染
按供应商的说明书(来自Life Technologies),用LipofectinTM试剂将寡核苷酸转染RS485细胞(铺满40-60%)。简单地说,将不同浓度的寡核苷酸稀释于100μl无血清培养基中。在一分离管中将Lipofectin以7μl/100μl的浓度加入无血清培养基中。室温30分钟后,将100μl Lipofectin溶液与100μl寡核苷酸溶液混合,于室温再放置15分钟,并与800μl无血清培养基混合。细胞用无血清培养基洗两次,在细胞上覆盖一层含寡核苷酸-Lipofectin复合物的总溶液(1ml)。6小时后,加入含8mM L-谷氨酰胺和20%牛血清的1ml新鲜培养基,将细胞再保温38小时。处理后的细胞用PBS洗涤,用胰蛋白酶收获,并提取其细胞蛋白。结果:
比较在有或无Lipofectin(出处同前)条件下PPS和PPS-C16寡核苷酸对RS485细胞中P21表达的影响。处理完后提取总蛋白质,并用Western印迹分析方法(参阅下文)测定P21的水平。
Lipofectin本身对P21表达无影响。PPS-和PPS-C16-Lipofectin复合物在1μM浓度时都几乎完全抑制了RS485细胞中P21的表达。令人惊奇的是,无Lipofectin的PPS-C16寡核苷酸在5μM浓度时也完全抑制了P21的表达。而无C16修饰的PPS寡核苷酸在同样浓度时只抑制50%的P21表达。
然后将PPS-Lipofectin复合物和单独的PPS-C16对RS485细胞中P21表达的影响进行比较。在0.25μM和0.5μM浓度的PPS-Lipofectin存在时,P21水平分别下降了30%和43%。显而易见,无任何附加Lipofectin的PPS-C16寡核苷酸显示了大攻相同的抑制水平,即在0.25μM浓度时P21水平下降33%,而在0.5μM浓度时P21水平下降40%。在浓度为1μM时,观察到P21的表达被完全抑制(100%),显示Lipofectin的送递并未增大PPS-C16介导的抑制作用。
最后,将缺乏Lipofectin时PPS和PPS-C16对RS485细胞中P21表达的抑制作用进行比较。单独用PPS在5μM浓度时抑制水平接近50%。但是,PPS-C16寡核苷酸在仅0.75μM的浓度时就可抑制RS485细胞中P21表达的近60%。实施例5细胞培养中细胞生长和P21 ras蛋白合成的抑制细胞生长抑制研究
收获用反义寡核苷酸处理过的细胞或用寡核苷酸-Lipofectin复合物转染过的细胞,在RIPA缓冲液中裂解。用分光光度法测定每一孔中的总蛋白质水平。用经寡核苷酸处理过的细胞中的蛋白质量(mg)相比于对照组中蛋白质的比例估计细胞生长的抑制作用。对照蛋白质或来自仅用Lipofectin处理过的细胞,或来自未处理细胞。ras蛋白的Western印迹分析
通过将细胞在含新鲜加入的抑制剂(PMSF,抑酶肽,正钒酸钠)的RIPA缓冲液中裂解,并按Santa Cruz生物技术公司提供的说明书,用21号针头匀浆,来制备全细胞蛋白。在4℃于15000xg离心20分钟以澄清提取物,测定上清中蛋白质的浓度。40μg的蛋白质在5-12.5%的PAGE上进行大小分离,并电印迹至硝酸纤维素膜上。将该膜与抗Ha-ras(C-20)的一抗(Santa Cruz生物技术公司)共同保温,随后加入辣根过氧化物酶缀合的山羊抗兔免疫球蛋白G一起保温。用ECL化学发光Western系统(Amersham,Arlington Heights,III.)检测二级探针。结果:
进行一系列实验,以研究PPS和PPS-C16寡核苷酸对RS485细胞的序列-序列毒副作用。图6A显示,在Lipofectin(见上文)存在时用1-5μM PPS和PPS-C16处理RS485细胞,经过2天的时间使细胞生长减少了近35-50%。单独用Lipofectin对细胞有轻微的毒副作用(约15%)。RS485细胞内P21表达的Western印迹分析(见上文)与PPS和PPS-C16所引起的细胞生长抑制的比较表明,1μM浓度的寡核苷酸/Lipofectin复合物完全抑制了P21表达,但对细胞生长只抑制35%。
图6B显示,无Lipofetin的PPS-C16在0.75μM浓度时对细胞生长抑制11%,对P21表达的抑制达到60%(见上文)。5μM的PPS抑制细胞生长达22%,而在此浓度时,PPS对P21表达的抑制为50%。图6C显示,当Lipofectin与浓度为1μM以上的PPS一起使用时会产生毒副作用,而无Lipofectin的PPS-C16寡核苷酸在浓度0.25-1μM范围内时与有Lipofectin的PPS寡核苷酸一样有效。实施例6辐射耐受性的逆转-动物实验体内反义寡核苷酸的抗肿瘤作用
RS504细胞是被分离自EJ/T24(一种人膀胱癌)的Ha-ras癌基因转化了的NIH 3T3细胞。给雌性无胸腺NCr-nu小鼠皮下注射5×106个RS504细胞,以诱导肿瘤。48小时后,当肿瘤比较明显时(-6mm3),将部分硫代磷酸酯化的C16修饰的[PPS-C16]反义[AS]或有义[S]寡核苷酸直接注入肿瘤内,浓度为每一肿瘤用5μM溶液50μl(250pmol)。24小时后,用2.0Gy剂量(细箭头,见图1)照射肿瘤。每48小时重复辐射1次,直至累加剂量达20Gy。在起始注射后48小时[50μl]、192小时[50μl]和240小时[100μl],重复注射寡核苷酸(粗箭头,见图1)。肿瘤体积以mm3记录。对照包括:未注射寡核苷酸并未被照射的肿瘤、未注射寡核苷酸但经照射的肿瘤,注射了反义PPS-C16寡核苷酸但未照射的肿瘤。肿瘤生长
已知Ras基因参与生长、分化和肿瘤形成的多种因子的信号转导。最近的研究显示,在信号转导途径中位于ras下游的raf-1癌基因与辐射耐受性表型的表达有关。本发明反义寡核苷酸可逆转细胞的辐射耐受性水平。为了确定寡核苷酸处理后辐射对ras所诱导肿瘤的作用是否有所不同,用反义和有义PPS-C16寡核苷酸处理裸鼠中RS504诱导的肿瘤。图1显示,在观察和处理的17天期间,反义PPS-C16寡核苷酸处理与辐射联合起来对肿瘤生长的抑制最有效。实施例7细胞培养物中辐射耐受性的逆转用PPS-C16处理,对细胞培养物中的辐射耐受性表型进行逆转
在补充有10%胎牛血清、各50μg/ml的青霉素、链霉素和新霉素以及2mM L-谷氨酰胺的McCoy’s 5A培养基中维持膀胱(T24)癌细胞系(来自ATCC,Rockyille,MD)。
为了进行寡核苷酸处理,将细胞以1×105个细胞/孔铺板于6孔组织培养板上。24小时后,细胞长满约40-60%,用寡核苷酸借助于Lipofectin试剂,基本上按照厂商Life Technologies,Inc.提供的说明书转染细胞。6小时后,去除脂转染溶液,并用含8mM L-谷氨酰胺和20%血清的新鲜培养基洗涤单层细胞。此细胞随后于1ml该培养基中再保温16-18小时。用菌落存活试验评估对辐射的细胞反应。如上所述,用寡核苷酸处理每一细胞系的指数生长期单层培养物。24-48小时后收获细胞,将其悬浮于新鲜培养基中,并在J.L.Shephard andAssociates Mark 1辐射仪上用约36Gy/分钟剂量的等级化剂量137Csγ射线于室温照射。然后,稀释细胞,并将其以300-5000个细胞/孔的浓度铺于6孔组织培养板上。铺板2-3天后,给细胞补充加5μg/ml皮甾醇的0.5ml血清。约7-14天后,用1%的结晶紫将细胞染色,记录集落数(包括50个或更多个正常外观的细胞)。被反义处理(PPS-C16)过的T24细胞的D10值(使细胞存活率降低10%所要求的辐射剂量)从5.5Gy的高耐受性水平(未处理或有义物处理的PPS-C16-S)降低至4.5Gy,此剂量被认为是辐射敏感型的。结果见图2。
序列表(1)一般资料:
(i)申请人:
(A)名称:Hoechst Marion Roussel Deutschland GmbH & Co.
KG
(B)街道:-
(C)城市:法兰克福
(D)州:-
(E)国家:德国
(F)邮政编码:65926
(G)电话:069-306-7072
(H)传真:069-35-7175
(I)电报:-
(ii)发明题目:与人Ha-ras基因片段互补的经修饰的反义核苷酸
(iii)序列数:5
(iv)计算机可读形式:
(A)介质类型:软盘
(B)计算机:IBM PC可兼容机
(C)操作系统:PC-DOS/MS-DOS
(D)软件:PatgentIn Release #1.0,Version #1.30(EPO)(2)SEQ ID NO:1的资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:21个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线性
(ii)分子类型:DNA(合成)
(ix)特征:
(A)名称/关键词:外显子
(B)位置:1..21
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:1:
TxAxTxTxCx CxGxTxCxAx T-3-O-PO2-O-R 21(2)SEQ ID NO:2的资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:21个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线性
(ii)分子类型:DNA(合成)
(ix)特征:
(A)名称/关键词:外显子
(B)位置:1..21(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:2:
TsAsToToCs CoGoTsCsAsT 21(2)SEQ ID NO:3的资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:21个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线性
(ii)分子类型:DNA(合成)
(ix)特征:
(A)名称/关键词:外显子
(B)位置:1..21
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:3:
AsTsGoAoCs GoGoAsAsTs A 21(2)SEQ ID NO:4的资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:21个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线性
(ii)分子类型:DNA(合成)
(ix)特征:
(A)名称/关键词:外显子
(B)位置:1..21
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:4:
AsTsGoAoCsGoGoAsAsTs A-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)(2)SEQ ID NO:5的资料:
(i)序列特征:
(A)长度:21个碱基对
(B)类型:核酸
(C)链型:单链
(D)拓扑结构:线性
(ii)分子类型:DNA(合成)
(ix)特征:
(A)名称/关键词:外显子
(B)位置:1..21
(xi)序列描述:SEQ ID NO:5:
TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAs T-(PO2-O-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3)
Claims (45)
1.具有下述序列SEQ ID NO:1的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸:
5’-TxAxTxTxCxCxGxTxCxAxT-3’-O-PO2-O-R其中x是o或s,前提是x有4-9次为s,且
o指磷酸二酯核苷间键,
s指硫代磷酸酯核苷间键,R指C8-C21烷基,-(CH2-CH2O)n-(CH2)m-CH3或-CH2-CH(OH)CH2O-(CH2)q-CH3,其中n是1-6的整数,m是0~20的整数,而q是7~20的整数,并且A指2’-脱氧腺苷,G指2’-脱氧鸟苷,C指2’-脱氧胞苷和T指胸苷。
2.权利要求1的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其特征在于含下列序列之一:
(a)5′-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(b)5′-TsAsToToCsCoGsToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(c)5′-TsAoTsToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(d)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(e)5′-TsAoTsToCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(f)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(g)5′-TsAsToToCsCsGsToCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(h)5′-TsAoTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(i)5′-TsAsTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(j)5′-TsAsToToCoCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(k)5′-TsAsTsToCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(l)5′-TsAsTsToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O-PO2-O-R,
(m)5′-TsAsToTsCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(n)5′-TsAsToToCsCsGoTsCoAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(o)5′-TsAsToTsCsCoGoTsCoAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(p)5′-TsAoTsTsCoCsGoTsCoAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(q)5′-TsAsTsToCsCsGoToCsAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(r)5′-TsAsTsToCoCsGoToCsAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
(s)5′-ToAoTsToCsCoGoToCsAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R or
(t)5′-TsAsTsTsCsCsGoTsCsAsT-3′-O- PO2-O-R,
其中
o指磷酸二酯核苷间键,
s指硫代磷酸酯核苷间键,R指C8-C21烷基,-(CH2-CH2O)n-(CH2)m-CH3或-CH2-CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)q-CH3,其中n是1-6的整数,m是0~20的整数,而q是7~20的整数,并且A指2’-脱氧腺苷,G指2’-脱氧鸟苷,C指2’-脱氧胞苷和T指胸苷。
3.权利要求1或2中的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其特征在于含序列5’-TsAsToToCsCoGoTsCsAsT-3’-O-PO2-O-R其中
o指磷酸二酯核苷间键,
s指硫代磷酸酯核苷间键,R指C8-C21烷基,-(CH2-CH2O)n-(CH2)m-CH3或-CH2-CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)q-CH3,其中n是1-6的整数,m是0~20的整数,而q是7~20的整数,并且A指2’-脱氧腺苷,G指2’-脱氧鸟苷,C指2’-脱氧胞苷和T指胸苷。
4.权利要求1-3中一或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中R是-CH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)15CH3。
5.权利要求1-3中一或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中R是-(CH2)15CH3。
6.权利要求1-3中一或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中R是-(CH2CH2O)n-(CH2)15CH3,n是1-6的整数。
7.权利要求6中的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中n是1。
8.权利要求6中的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中n是2。
9.权利要求6中的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸,其中n是3。
10.权利要求1-9中一项或多项要求的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸用作药物的用途。
11.含有权利要求1-9中一或多项的至少一种经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸的有效量的药物制剂。
12.权利要求1-9中一或多项的经修饰的寡聚脱氧核苷酸在制备治疗Ha-ras基因过表达和/或突变所引起疾病的药物中的用途。
13.权利要求1-9中一或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备治疗过度增殖紊乱所引起疾病的药物中的用途。
14.权利要求13所要求的用途,其中的疾病是癌症。
15.权利要求14所要求的用途,其与放射疗法结合。
16.权利要求14的用途,其与化学疗法结合。
17.权利要求13的用途,其中的疾病是再狭窄。
18.权利要求13的用途,其中的疾病是牛皮癣。
19.权利要求1-9中一项或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备对Ha-ras基因表达进行调节、调整或抑制的药物中的用途。
20.权利要求1-9中一项或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备可抑制肿瘤细胞增殖的药物中的用途。
21.权利要求1-9中一项或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备可逆转癌细胞辐射耐受性的药物中的用途。
22.权利要求1-9中一项或多项的经修饰的寡脱氧核苷酸在制备可逆转癌细胞化学耐受性的药物中的用途。
23.权利要求11的药物制剂,其中还包括有效量的化学疗法上进一步有效的至少一种试剂。
24.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自顺铂及其衍生物。
25.权利要求24的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是顺铂。
26.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自去N衍生物。
27.权利要求26的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是环磷酰胺。
28.权利要求26的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是氯乙环磷酰胺。
29.权利要求26的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是异环磷酰胺。
30.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自氮丙啶衍生物。
31.权利要求30的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是三乙烯硫代磷酰胺。
32.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自N-亚硝基脲衍生物。
33.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自叶酸拮抗物。
34.权利要求33的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是氨甲喋呤。
35.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自嘌呤和嘧啶碱基类似物。
36.权利要求35的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是5-氟尿嘧啶。
37.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自抑制细胞的有效抗生素。
38.权利要求37的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是阿霉素。
39.权利要求37的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是丝裂霉素。
40.权利要求37的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是柔红霉素。
41.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自雌激素拮抗物。
42.权利要求41的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是它莫西芬。
43.权利要求23的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂选自核苷衍生物。
44.权利要求43的药物制剂,其中至少一种化学疗法上进一步有效的试剂是MDL101,731。
45.权利要求1-9中一项或多项的寡核苷酸的制备方法,其中用Beaucage试剂通过硫化作用引入硫代磷酸酯键。
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EP97107404 | 1997-05-05 | ||
EP97107404.2 | 1997-05-05 |
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US (2) | US6723706B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0979273A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002501505A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100518108B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1304572C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU744417B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9809242A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2288946A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP0100044A3 (zh) |
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Cited By (1)
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CN104884618A (zh) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-09-02 | 罗氏创新中心哥本哈根有限公司 | 寡核苷酸缀合物 |
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US6368855B1 (en) * | 1996-06-11 | 2002-04-09 | Antigen Express, Inc. | MHC class II antigen presenting cells containing oligonucleotides which inhibit Ii protein expression |
US8202979B2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2012-06-19 | Sirna Therapeutics, Inc. | RNA interference mediated inhibition of gene expression using chemically modified short interfering nucleic acid |
US20090099117A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2009-04-16 | Sirna Therapeutics, Inc. | RNA INTERFERENCE MEDIATED INHIBITION OF MYOSTATIN GENE EXPRESSION USING SHORT INTERFERING NUCLEIC ACID (siNA) |
US7713738B2 (en) | 2003-02-10 | 2010-05-11 | Enzon Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Oligomeric compounds for the modulation of survivin expression |
WO2005099363A2 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-27 | Whitehead Institute For Biomedical Research | Methods of diagnosing, preventing and treating cancer metastasis |
KR20070095882A (ko) | 2004-11-09 | 2007-10-01 | 산타리스 팔마 에이/에스 | Lna 올리고뉴클레오티드 및 암의 치료 |
HUE038454T2 (hu) | 2006-08-04 | 2018-10-29 | Medimmune Ltd | ERBB 2 elleni humán ellenanyagok |
US8569252B2 (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2013-10-29 | Postech Academy-Industry Foundation | Nucleolin specific aptamer and use thereof |
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US5245022A (en) * | 1990-08-03 | 1993-09-14 | Sterling Drug, Inc. | Exonuclease resistant terminally substituted oligonucleotides |
WO1994008003A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1994-04-14 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ANTISENSE OLIGONUCLEOTIDE INHIBITION OF THE ras GENE |
US5582986A (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1996-12-10 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of the ras gene |
EP0590082B1 (en) | 1991-06-14 | 1999-10-27 | Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of the ras gene |
KR930016437A (ko) * | 1992-01-22 | 1993-08-26 | 귀틀라인, 슈미트 | 올리고뉴클레오티드 유사체, 이의 제조방법 및 용도 |
EP0668782B1 (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 2001-04-11 | Temple University - Of The Commonwealth System Of Higher Education | Combination of antineoplastic agent and antisense oligonucleotides for treatment of cancer |
DE4338704A1 (de) | 1993-11-12 | 1995-05-18 | Hoechst Ag | Stabilisierte Oligonucleotide und deren Verwendung |
US5696248A (en) * | 1994-06-15 | 1997-12-09 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | 3'-modified oligonucleotide derivatives |
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- 1998-04-30 CA CA002288946A patent/CA2288946A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-04-30 JP JP54770498A patent/JP2002501505A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-30 AU AU77602/98A patent/AU744417B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-04-30 WO PCT/EP1998/002546 patent/WO1998050540A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-30 KR KR10-1999-7010187A patent/KR100518108B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-30 BR BR9809242-1A patent/BR9809242A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-30 CN CNB988048159A patent/CN1304572C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-30 US US09/423,198 patent/US6723706B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-04-30 HU HU0100044A patent/HUP0100044A3/hu unknown
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CN104884618A (zh) * | 2012-11-15 | 2015-09-02 | 罗氏创新中心哥本哈根有限公司 | 寡核苷酸缀合物 |
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KR100518108B1 (ko) | 2005-10-04 |
KR20010012238A (ko) | 2001-02-15 |
EP0979273A1 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
HUP0100044A3 (en) | 2003-08-28 |
JP2002501505A (ja) | 2002-01-15 |
WO1998050540A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
AU744417B2 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
HUP0100044A1 (hu) | 2001-05-28 |
US6723706B2 (en) | 2004-04-20 |
CN1304572C (zh) | 2007-03-14 |
CA2288946A1 (en) | 1998-11-12 |
BR9809242A (pt) | 2000-06-27 |
AU7760298A (en) | 1998-11-27 |
US20030064514A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
US20050020523A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
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