A kind of aluminum-base nano/non-crystal heterogeneous material
The present invention relates to nanometer and non-crystalline material, a kind of Al-Ni-Ce-Fe nanometer/non-crystal heterogeneous material is provided especially.
How aluminium alloy improves its microstructure characteristic effectively as one of material that is most widely used in the modern industry, obtains the main goal in research that excellent comprehensive performance more becomes the present material worker.In recent years, the people such as Akihisa Inouc of Japan adopt single roller rapid quenching technology at Al-RE, Al-V-Fe, prepared amorphous alloy in the alloy systems such as Al-Cr-Re, for aluminum alloy organization prepares diversification (amorphous, nanocrystalline, accurate brilliant, crystallite) and widening of aluminium alloy range of application laid a good foundation.At present the preparation aluminium-based amorphous alloy mainly adopts melt supercooled and mechanical alloying method with nanometer crystal alloy, and to form amorphous limited in one's ability because of aluminium alloy, strict to the composition of formation amorphous, the band difficult forming, factors such as alloying time is long, and yield rate is low, thus limit its widespread use widely.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum-base nano/non-crystal heterogeneous material, it is in industrial easier realization and excellent property.
Al-Ni-Ce-Fe nanometer/non-crystal heterogeneous material provided by the invention is characterized in that: fundamental component is (atomic percent) Ni7~15, Fe0.5~5, Ce1~6, Al surplus.It has certain substitutability in forming the nanophase tissue for Ni and Fe element among the present invention, and the Fe element is cheap, but the Ni element has stronger amorphous formation ability than the Fe element in the Al alloy, thereby two element proportionings should be suitable; The effect of Ce element mainly is a thinning microstructure, significantly improves the amorphous formation ability of alloy, controls the volume ratio of disperse nanophase and amorphous phase in this material effectively, finally improves big block comprehensive mechanical performance.
The present invention is different from the existing amorphous that extensively adopts and the chemical ingredients and the technology of preparing of nano material, adopt the ultrasonic gas atomization chilling technique to prepare Al-Ni-Ce-Fe nanometer/non-crystal heterogeneous material, promptly impact alloy liquid stream and make it be separated into fine droplet and be cooled to fine powder by high velocity gas stream.It is characterized in that: atomizing pressure is 4.0~8.0MPa, and atomization temperature is 1100~1350 ℃, and spray angle is 40~55 °, and mass flow ratio is 0.35~0.75.This explained hereafter efficient height and powdered alloy are spherical in shape, help follow-up moulding process, are applicable to large-scale industrial production.Under composition of the present invention and ultrasonic gas atomization processing parameter, the Al-Ni-Ce-Fe powdered alloy of preparation is nanometer/amorphous multiphase structure when 40 μ m are following: by nanometer fcc-Al and amorphous two-phase or nanometer fcc-Al, Al
3(Ni, Fe), Al
11Ce
3With the heterogeneous compound formation of amorphous, the powder hot densification makes the room temperature tensile strength of bar greater than 750MPa, and Young's modulus is greater than 90GPa.Below by embodiment in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the Al-Ni-Ce-Fe nanometer composite diphase material chilling attitude X-ray diffraction result of atomization process preparation.
Embodiment 1
Starting material are commercial-purity aluminium (99.7%), technically pure iron (99%), and pure nickel (99.5%), metallic cerium (99.5%) meets Al
84Ni
11Ce
3Fe
2Atomic percent batching 4Kg, ultrasonic gas atomization equipment vacuum tightness is 4.7 * 10
-3Torr, the atomization process parameter is:
Atomizing medium: He gas
Atomization temperature: 1260 ℃
Atomizing pressure: 6.2MPa
Flow angle: 40 °
Draft-tube diameter: 4.2mm
Mass flow ratio: 0.45
The mean particle size that makes the Al-Ni-Ce-Fe powdered alloy is 34 μ m, and the chilling attitude is organized as amorphous phase and nanometer fcc-Al double structure.The room temperature tensile intensity of powder hot extrusion bar is 810MPa, and Young's modulus is 95GPa, unit elongation 3.2%.
Embodiment 2
Starting material and embodiment 1 press Al together
82Ni
13Ce
2Fe
3Atomic percent batching 5Kg, ultrasonic gas atomization equipment vacuum tightness is 5.8 * 10
-3Torr, the atomization process parameter is:
Atomizing medium: N
2Gas
Atomization temperature: 1300 ℃
Atomizing pressure: 6.8MPa
Flow angle: 45 °
Draft-tube diameter: 3.6mm
Mass flow ratio: 0.51
The mean particle size that makes the Al-Ni-Ce-Fe powdered alloy is 43 μ m, and X-ray diffraction the results are shown in accompanying drawing 1.Varigrained powder particle chilling attitude is organized as:<25 μ m are made of amorphous phase and nanometer fcc-Al double structure; 25~42 μ m are by nanometer fcc-Al, Al
3(Ni, Fe), Al
11Ce
3With the heterogeneous compound formation of amorphous;>42 μ m have then lost the feature of amorphous phase.The room temperature tensile intensity of powder hot extrusion bar is 785MPa, and Young's modulus is 88GPa, and unit elongation is 4.8%.
Embodiment 3
Starting material and embodiment 1 press Al together
84Ni
9Ce
6Fe
1Atomic percent batching 4.5Kg, ultrasonic gas atomization equipment vacuum tightness is 5.4 * 10
-3Torr, the atomization process parameter is:
Atomizing medium: N
2Gas
Atomization temperature: 1230 ℃
Atomizing pressure: 7.5MPa
Flow angle: 50 °
Draft-tube diameter: 3.9mm
Mass flow ratio: 0.42
The mean particle size that makes the Al-Ni-Ce-Fe powdered alloy is 40 μ m, and varigrained powder particle chilling attitude is organized as:<28 μ m are made of amorphous phase and nanometer fcc-Al double structure: 28~45 μ m are by nanometer fcc-Al, Al
3(Ni, Fe), Al
11Ce
3With the heterogeneous compound formation of amorphous;>45 μ m have then lost the feature of amorphous phase.The room temperature tensile intensity of powder hot extrusion bar is 796MPa, and Young's modulus is 91GPa, and unit elongation is 4.2%.