CN113983106B

CN113983106B - Low-speed flow adjustable shock absorber piston

Info

Publication number: CN113983106B
Application number: CN202111413915.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邬建尧
Original assignee: NINGBO RUIFENG AUTO PARTS CO Ltd
Current assignee: NINGBO RUIFENG AUTO PARTS CO Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-25
Filing date: 2021-11-25
Publication date: 2022-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-25
Also published as: CN113983106A

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-speed flow-adjustable shock absorber piston.A fluid flows in or out through two channel groups arranged in the piston, and the flow directions of the two channel groups are controlled by matching with two one-way valve components, so that the fluid can only flow in from one channel group and flow out from the other channel group; and the piston also comprises a regulating channel communicated with the two channel groups, and the two one-way valves of the regulating channel are in a closed state under low-speed flow, so that fluid is allowed to flow between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the piston has the effect of regulating the low-speed flow.

Description

Low-speed flow adjustable shock absorber piston

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorber accessories, in particular to a shock absorber piston with low-speed flow adjustable.

Background

The shock absorber is an important part of a vehicle (such as an automobile and a rail vehicle), and the existing rail vehicle (such as a high-speed motor train unit, a locomotive vehicle, a light rail, a subway and the like) or the automobile is widely used for absorbing shock, and the shock absorber is mainly used for reducing shock and impact caused when wheels of the vehicle contact with the rail or the ground in the running process of the vehicle so as to improve the safety, the smoothness and the comfort of the running of the vehicle.

The bumper shock absorber sets up between frame and axle, when relative motion such as vibrations appear between two, through the upper and lower displacement of piston for fluid flows into in another cavity from a cavity, thereby can be through viscous force and frictional resistance when fluid flows, turns into the heat dissipation with kinetic energy, in order to realize absorbing purpose.

However, various shock absorbers in the prior art have relatively complex structures, and have different shock absorption effects on different degrees of shock, and the actual shock absorption experience needs to be improved. Especially to the shock attenuation effect under the low-speed velocity of flow operating mode and normal operating mode and the equilibrium of the shock attenuation effect under the high-speed operating mode, current bumper shock absorber effect is not good and the structure is complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shock absorber piston which has a small number of parts, is easy to manufacture and assemble and can adjust the flow rate at low speed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the scheme that:

a low-speed flow-adjustable shock absorber piston comprises a piston main body, an upper chamber is formed above the piston main body after the piston main body is matched with the piston main body, a lower chamber is formed below the piston main body, and fluid flows between the upper chamber and the lower chamber to form a shock absorption effect.

The shock absorber piston (piston for short) also comprises a plurality of first channel groups and a plurality of second channel groups, wherein the first channel groups and the second channel groups respectively penetrate through the piston main body so as to communicate the upper chamber and the lower chamber to form a channel under the condition of no valve fitting; in the case of a valve fitting, a controlled flow path can also be formed on this basis.

The piston main body further comprises a first valve position and a second valve position, the first valve position is arranged on the upper end face of the piston main body, the second valve position is arranged on the lower end face of the piston main body, the first channel group is communicated with the first valve position so as to open or close communication between the first channel group and the upper chamber through a first valve piece arranged at the first valve position, and the second channel group is communicated with the second valve position so as to open or close communication between the second channel group and the lower chamber through a second valve piece arranged at the second valve position.

The first valve member and the second valve member are respectively matched at the first valve position and the second valve position to form a one-way valve, so that the fluid can only flow in one direction in the two flow passages. The lower end of the first channel group is communicated with the lower cavity, and the upper end of the second channel group is communicated with the upper cavity.

The piston body also includes a regulating passage that communicates the at least one first passage set with the at least one second passage set.

When the flow rate is low, the first valve and the second valve respectively seal the upper port of the first channel group and the lower port of the second channel group, and the upper chamber and the lower chamber are communicated by a regulating channel group formed by the upper port of the second channel group, the regulating channel, the first channel group and the lower port of the first channel group; therefore, when the flow rate is low, the two one-way valves are in a closed state, fluid is allowed to flow between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, and the damping effect under the low-speed flow rate is achieved; and at high flow rate, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are still communicated through the first and the second channel sets.

Preferably, the regulating passage is provided in the interior or on the side wall of the piston body.

Preferably, the regulating passage is provided linearly at a right angle or an acute angle to the first and second passage groups, or is provided curvedly so that the regulating passage has a larger resistance with respect to the first and second passage groups, and even if the flow rate flowing through the regulating passage is small at a high flow rate, the function of the piston is not excessively affected by the provision of the regulating passage.

Preferably, the piston body comprises a first piston and a second piston, the adjusting channel is arranged between the first piston and the second piston and is formed by matching a first adjusting channel piece arranged on the lower end face of the first piston and a second adjusting channel piece arranged on the upper end face of the second piston.

Preferably, at least one of the first and second regulating passage members is a groove or a slope.

Preferably, at least one of the first and second regulating passage members is a groove or a slope, and the first or second regulating passage member further extends to communicate with the gap.

Preferably, the regulating passage communicates all of the first passage group and the second passage group.

Preferably, the first piston is a cylinder having a diameter smaller than that of the second piston, the outer diameter of the second piston is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the piston chamber, and the outer side of the second piston is closely fitted to the inner wall of the piston chamber to block the upper and lower chambers after the first and second pistons are fitted in the piston chamber. Because the diameter of the first piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston cavity, a gap is formed between the first piston and the piston cavity, the upper end of the gap is communicated with the first piston cavity, and the lower end of the gap is separated by the second piston.

Preferably, the outer side of the upper end face of the second piston is provided with a ring wall, the ring wall is arranged higher than the upper end face of the second piston, and after the first piston is fitted on the second piston, the lower end of the outer face of the first piston is fitted on the inner wall of the ring wall.

Preferably, the diameter of the inner wall of the annular wall is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the side wall of the first piston, and the first piston and the second piston are in interference fit.

Preferably, the first piston is in the shape of a prism, a gap which is communicated or not communicated is formed between the side wall of the first piston and the inner wall of the piston cavity, and the outer wall of the second piston is matched with the inner wall of the piston cavity to seal.

Preferably, the second channel extends inwards from the side wall of the first piston in the radial direction and penetrates out of the bottom surface of the first piston to form a channel for communicating the side wall and the bottom surface of the first piston; the radial method comprises a forward extending mode directly along the radial direction, an oblique extending mode forming a certain included angle with the radial direction, or a curved channel with a certain bending instead of a straight line.

Preferably, a gap is formed between the side wall and the bottom surface of the first piston to form a second passage. Accordingly, the notch may be arranged to extend forwardly in the radial direction, or may be arranged to extend obliquely at an appropriate angle to the radial direction.

Preferably, a separating ring wall and an outer ring wall are arranged on the lower end surface of the second piston, an outer ring groove is arranged between the separating ring wall and the outer ring wall, the third channel is communicated with the outer ring groove, an inner ring groove is arranged on the inner side of the separating ring wall, the fourth channel is communicated with the inner ring groove, and the inner ring groove 208 is used for arranging the second one-way valve.

The upper end face of the first piston is provided with an annular first end groove, the first end groove is arranged in a downward sunken mode, the outer side of the first end groove is formed into the outer wall of the first end groove, the middle of the upper end face of the first piston is formed into a first step, and the first step and the outer wall of the first end groove are higher than the first end groove. Wherein, first end groove is used for supplying first check valve setting.

Preferably, a positioning assembly is further arranged between the first piston and the second piston to position the relative rotation between the first piston and the second piston, so that the first piston and the second piston are ensured not to generate the relative rotation, and the first channel group and the second channel group are kept stable and unblocked on the whole.

The positioning assembly comprises a first positioning piece and a second positioning piece which are respectively arranged on the first piston and the second piston, and the first positioning piece and the second positioning piece are concave-convex structures which are respectively arranged on the lower end face of the first piston and the upper end face of the second piston so as to mutually match and lock the relative rotation of the two pistons.

Preferably, the first positioning element is a plurality of protruding columns or grooves arranged on the lower end face of the first piston, and the second positioning element 42 is a plurality of grooves and protruding columns correspondingly arranged on the upper end face of the second piston. Preferably, the plurality of mutually matched convex columns and grooves are uniformly arranged on the lower end face of the first piston or the upper end face of the second piston along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the notch is formed as a first positioning element, the second positioning element is a plurality of projections arranged on the upper end face of the second piston, and the projections are clamped into the notch to limit the relative rotation of the first piston with respect to the second piston. Preferably, the projection is disposed adjacent to an outer edge of the upper end surface of the second piston.

Preferably, the first passage is preferably arranged along the circumferential direction of the first piston, and the cross-sectional shape thereof may be a straight line segment or a curved line segment, such as a circular arc segment. Most preferably, the first passages are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction within a range of 360 °.

The first piston and the second piston are respectively in a cylindrical shape or a cylinder-like shape, and the lower end of the first piston is matched with the upper end of the second piston to form the piston.

Preferably, the first piston has an upper end face, a side wall and a lower end face.

Preferably, the second piston has an upper end face, a side wall and a lower end face.

When in use, two valve members for forming a first check valve and a second check valve are respectively arranged in the upper direction and the lower direction of the piston, the first valve member is arranged at a first valve position on the upper end surface of the first piston and is matched with the first valve position of the upper port of the first channel set so as to allow fluid to flow upwards from the lower direction of the piston but not allow the fluid to flow downwards from the upper side of the piston, namely: the first one-way valve permits fluid flow from the lower chamber to the upper chamber but prohibits fluid flow from the upper chamber to the lower chamber. The second one-way valve is arranged at a second valve position on the lower end face of the second piston and is matched with the lower port of the second channel group, and the fluid is allowed to flow downwards from the upper part of the piston but not allowed to flow upwards from the lower part of the piston, namely: the second one-way valve allows fluid to flow from the upper chamber downward but prohibits fluid from flowing from the lower chamber to the upper chamber.

The piston has an adjustable function at low-speed flow, the two valve bodies are not opened when the two valve bodies are closed at low-speed flow by arranging the adjusting channel between the two channel groups to communicate the two valve bodies, fluid can pass through the adjusting channel to communicate the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the adjusting channel basically does not work at high-speed flow, and the upper chamber and the lower chamber are communicated by mainly depending on the first channel and the second channel, so that the piston has the function of adjusting the low-speed flow.

In addition, the piston only consists of the first piston and the second piston, and the functions of the piston as a shock absorber can be realized by matching the first piston and the second piston with the two one-way valves.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a piston according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the flow path of the embodiment of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a first piston a of the second piston according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the first piston A of the embodiment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first piston A of the embodiment of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a second piston B which mates with the first piston A of the second embodiment of FIG. 3;

fig. 8 is a bottom view schematically showing the second piston B of fig. 7;

fig. 9 is a sectional view of the second piston B of fig. 7;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic top view of a second piston B according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic top view of a first piston a of the piston according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a bottom view schematically illustrating the first piston a of fig. 12;

fig. 14 is a sectional view of the first piston a of fig. 12;

FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of a second piston B which mates with the first piston A of the fourth embodiment of FIG. 12;

fig. 16 is a bottom view schematically showing the second piston B of fig. 15;

fig. 17 is a sectional view of the second piston B of fig. 13;

fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the engagement of the first piston a and the second piston B according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 19 is a schematic illustration of the piston of FIG. 18 in cooperation with a piston chamber 300, illustrating two primary directions of fluid flow through the piston at high flow rates, namely the respective directions of the first and second passages;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of a first piston a according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which is the same in main body as the embodiment shown in fig. 4 except for the arrangement region of the regulation passage 14;

fig. 21 is a schematic top view of a piston formed by the first piston a and the second piston B according to the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the piston shown in FIG. 21 taken along section C-C;

FIG. 23 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 22;

fig. 24 is a schematic view of the piston of fig. 22 showing fluid flow at low flow rates.

Wherein 300, piston cavity, 310, upper cavity, 320, lower cavity, 1a, first channel group, 1B, second channel group, 1c, first valve position, 1d, second valve position, 1e, first valve member, 1f, second valve member, 11a, first channel group upper port, 11B, first channel group lower port, 12a, second channel group upper port, 12B, second channel group lower port, A, first piston, B, second piston, 11, first central bore, 12, first channel, 13, second channel, 14, adjustment channel, 15, notch, 21, second central bore, 22, third channel, 23, fourth channel, 101, first piston upper end face, 102, first piston side wall, 103, first piston lower end face, 104, dashed line, 141, boundary line, 142, channel port, 105, first end groove, 106, first end groove outer wall, 107, first step, 201. the piston comprises a second piston upper end face 202, a second piston side wall 203, a second piston lower end face 204, a ring wall 205, a separating ring wall 206, an outer ring wall 207, an outer ring groove 208, an inner ring groove 301, a gap 41, a first positioning element 42, a second positioning element 421 and a lug.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and thus more clearly define the scope of the invention as claimed, it is described in detail below with respect to certain specific embodiments thereof. It should be noted that the following description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and the specific direct description of the related structures is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and the specific features do not, of course, directly limit the implementation scope of the present invention. Such alterations and modifications as are made obvious by those skilled in the art and guided by the teachings herein are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

A low-speed flow-adjustable shock absorber piston (piston for short) is characterized in that fluid flows in or flows out through two channel groups arranged in the piston, and the flow directions of the two channel groups are controlled by matching two check valve assemblies, so that the fluid can only flow in from one channel group and flow out from the other channel group.

And the piston also comprises a regulating channel communicated with the two channel groups, and the two one-way valves of the regulating channel are in a closed state under low-speed flow, so that fluid is allowed to flow between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, and the piston has the effect of regulating the low-speed flow.

This piston is through setting up the regulation passageway in order to allow the fluid to flow through when the low-speed flow, avoids in the traditional piston through the complicated structure or set up the various not enough that the pressure differential opened of check valve adjusted the low-speed flow, is a brand-new, effective and easily novel bumper shock absorber piston of popularization and application, but the wide application is in car, rail transit vehicle.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a damper piston (piston for short) with adjustable low speed flow rate comprises a piston body for fitting in a piston cavity, wherein an upper chamber 310 is formed above the piston body after fitting, and a lower chamber 320 is formed below the piston body.

The piston also comprises a plurality of first channel groups 1a and a plurality of second channel groups 1b which respectively penetrate through the piston main body to communicate the upper cavity chamber and the lower cavity chamber; the piston main body further comprises a first valve position 1c arranged on the upper end surface of the piston main body and a second valve position 1d arranged on the lower end surface of the piston main body, the first channel group 1a is communicated with the first valve position 1c so as to open or close the communication between the first channel group 1a and the upper chamber 310 through a first valve piece 1e arranged at the first valve position 1c, namely, the first valve piece 1e is used for controlling the up-and-down communication of the first channel group 1 a; the second channel group 1b is communicated with the second valve position 1d to open or close the communication between the second channel group 1b and the lower chamber 320 via the second valve element 1f disposed at the second valve position 1d, i.e., the second valve element 1f controls the up-and-down communication of the second channel group 1 b.

The first valve element 1e and the second valve element 1f are respectively fitted at the first valve position 1c and the second valve position 1d to form two check valves for controlling the one-way opening and closing of the first channel group lower port 11b and the second channel group lower port 12b, the first channel group lower port 11b is always communicated with the lower chamber 320, and the second channel group upper port 12a is always communicated with the upper chamber 310. The first valve element 1e and the second valve element 1f may be various structures that can realize one-way sealing, such as a one-way valve membrane, a one-way valve ball, and the like.

An adjusting channel 14 is formed on the piston main body or after the piston main body is matched with the piston cavity, the adjusting channel 14 is communicated with at least one first channel group 1a and at least one second channel group 1b so as to form a normally open adjusting channel group on the piston main body, and the adjusting channel group is formed by sequentially communicating an upper port 12a of the second channel group, a part of the second channel group 1b, the adjusting channel 14, a part of the first channel group 1a and a lower port 11b of the first channel group.

At low flow rate, the first valve element 1e and the second valve element 1f respectively close the first channel group upper port 11a and the second channel group lower port 12b, and the upper chamber 310 and the lower chamber 320 are communicated by a regulating channel group formed by the second channel group upper port 12a, the second channel group 1b part, the regulating channel 14, the first channel group 1a part and the first channel group lower port 11b, so that at low flow rate, the two check valves are in a closed state, and fluid is allowed to flow between the upper chamber 310 and the lower chamber 320.

Since the regulating passage 14 is normally provided, it has a significantly lower actuation pressure difference with respect to the first valve element 1e and the second valve element 1f, so that fluid can be allowed to flow between the upper and lower chambers at a low flow rate, thereby achieving a low-speed damping effect.

The materials and shapes of the first valve element 1e and the second valve element 1f, which are used to form the check valves, can be set as required, so that each check valve has its corresponding opening pressure difference. Generally, a softer material or a thinner structure at the connection can make the check valve have a smaller opening pressure difference, but may cause the closing to be more delayed; and vice versa. In the embodiment, the adjusting passage is arranged, so that the piston has low-speed adjustable flow rate, and meanwhile, the closing delay of the piston is not caused, namely, the performance of other aspects or working conditions of the piston is not adversely affected when the piston has the function of low-speed flow rate adjustment.

Example two

As shown in fig. 3 to 10, a damper piston (piston for short) with an adjustable low-speed flow rate includes a piston body for fitting in a piston cavity, and an upper chamber 310 is formed above and a lower chamber 320 is formed below the piston body after fitting.

The piston further comprises a plurality of first channel groups and a plurality of second channel groups which respectively penetrate through the piston main body to be communicated with the upper cavity chamber and the lower cavity chamber.

The piston is composed of a first piston A and a second piston B which are matched with each other, the first piston A and the second piston B are respectively in a cylindrical shape or a cylinder-like shape, and the lower end of the first piston A is matched with the upper end of the second piston B to form the piston.

The first piston a has a first piston upper end surface 101, a first piston side wall 102 and a first piston lower end surface 103, and the first piston a is further provided with a first center hole 11 disposed through the first piston a, and the first center hole 11 communicates the first piston upper end surface 101 with the first piston lower end surface 103, which is disposed substantially parallel to the side wall of the first piston a.

The first piston a further includes a plurality of first passages 12 penetrating through the first piston a, the first passages 12 also communicate with the upper end surface 101 and the lower end surface 103 of the first piston, and preferably, a plurality of first passages are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the first piston a, and the cross-sectional shape of each first passage 12 may be a straight line segment or a curved line segment, such as an arc segment. Optimally, each first passage 12 is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction within a range of 360 °.

The first piston a further comprises a second channel 13, and the second channel 13 communicates the first piston side wall 102 with the first piston lower end surface 103.

The second piston B has a second piston upper end face 201, a second piston side wall 202 and a second piston lower end face 203.

After the first piston a and the second piston B are integrally fitted in the piston cavity 300, a gap 301 is formed between the first piston a and the inner wall of the piston cavity 300, and the second piston sidewall 202 and the piston cavity 300 are tightly fitted to divide the piston cavity 300 into an upper chamber 310 and a lower chamber 320.

The second passage 13 of the first piston a communicates with the upper chamber 310 via the gap 301.

And a second center hole 21 penetrating through the second piston B is formed in the second piston B, and the second center hole 21 is arranged corresponding to the first center hole 11 so that a fixing stud can penetrate through the first center hole and the second center hole to relatively fix the first piston and the second piston.

The second piston B is further provided with a plurality of third channels 22 and a plurality of fourth channels 23 which penetrate through the second piston B, and the third channels 22 and the fourth channels 23 are respectively communicated with the upper end surface 201 and the lower end surface 203 of the second piston.

And, the third channel 22 corresponds to the first channel 12, the fourth channel 23 corresponds to the second channel 13, so as to form two channel groups that run through the two pistons; the first channel group is: the upper chamber 310- (first valve part 1e) -first channel 12-third channel 22-lower chamber 320, and the second channel group is: upper chamber 310-gap 301-second channel 13-fourth channel 23- (second valve element 1f) -lower chamber 320.

A first check valve and a second check valve are respectively arranged in the upper direction and the lower direction of the piston, the first check valve is arranged on the upper end surface of the first piston A and is matched outside the first channel 12, so that the fluid is allowed to flow upwards from the lower direction of the piston but not downwards from the upper side of the piston, namely: the first one-way valve allows fluid flow from the lower chamber 320 to the upper chamber 310 but inhibits fluid flow from the upper chamber 310 to the lower chamber 320. The second check valve is disposed on the lower end surface of the second piston B and fitted outside the fourth passage 23, except that it allows the fluid to flow downward from above the piston but does not allow the fluid to flow upward from below the piston, that is: the second one-way valve allows fluid to flow from the upper chamber 310 down but prohibits fluid from flowing from the lower chamber 320 to the upper chamber 310.

Of course, the one-way flow direction of the fluid formed after the first and second check valves are set is schematic, and the two check valves may be set in the opposite direction.

In this embodiment, the piston body is further formed with an adjusting passage 14, and the adjusting passage 14 communicates at least one first passage set with at least one second passage set to form a normally open adjusting passage set on the piston body. At low flow rates, the first and second sets of passages are completely closed by their respective check valves, but the set of passages are adapted to communicate between the upper and lower chambers to allow fluid flow between the upper chamber 310 and the lower chamber 320 when the two check valves are in a closed state at low flow rates.

In the best case, the regulating channel 14 communicates with all the first and second channel groups.

The adjusting passage 14 is a slope provided on the outer side of the lower end surface 103 of the first piston, that is, the bottom surface of the first piston a is formed by appropriate cutting or molding so as to have a slope with a certain inclination angle, and when the first piston a is fitted to the second piston B, a gap-like adjusting passage 14 is formed therebetween, so that the first and second passage groups are communicated with each other. As shown in fig. 6, the dashed line 104 below the adjusting channel 14 is the original bottom line of the first piston a, and the adjusting channel 14 is formed as a channel opening 142 at the side surface of the first piston a.

Because the first piston a and the second piston B are vertically matched, the adjusting channel can also be arranged on the second piston B, or on both the first piston and the second piston. When it is disposed on the second piston B, as shown in fig. 20.

In this embodiment, the other portions of the first piston lower end surface 103 except the first and

second passages

12, 13 are planar structures, that is, the entire first piston lower end surface is planar structure except the holes or notches of the first and second passages.

In addition, in the present embodiment, since the first channel group and the second channel group are substantially arranged in parallel, and the adjusting channel 14 is substantially arranged perpendicular to the first channel group and the second channel group, two right angles are formed between the adjusting channel and the first channel group and between the adjusting channel and the second channel group, so that the adjusting channel has a flow supplementing effect at low speed but the flow of the adjusting channel is reduced due to resistance at high speed, so as to realize the function of adjusting the flow at low speed.

In this embodiment, the first piston a is cylindrical and has a smaller diameter than the second piston B, and the outer diameter of the second piston B is substantially equal to the inner diameter of the piston cavity 300, including slightly smaller, equal or slightly larger, and when the first and second pistons A, B are fitted in the piston cavity 300, the second piston sidewall 202 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the piston cavity 300 to block the upper and lower chambers. Since the diameter of the first piston a is smaller than the inner diameter of the piston chamber 300, a gap 301 is formed therebetween, and the upper end of the gap 301 is communicated with the upper chamber 310 and the lower end is blocked by the second piston B.

An annular wall 204 is arranged on the outer side of the upper end face of the second piston B, the annular wall 204 is higher than the upper end face of the second piston B, and after the first piston A is matched on the second piston B, the lower end of the first piston side wall 102 is matched on the inner wall of the annular wall 204. Preferably, the diameter of the inner wall of the annular wall 204 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the side wall of the first piston a, so that the first piston a and the second piston B are in interference fit.

The second channel 13 extends inwards from the first piston side wall 102 in the radial direction and penetrates out from the first piston lower end surface 103 to form a channel for communicating the side wall and the bottom surface of the first piston A; the radial method comprises a forward extending mode directly along the radial direction, an oblique extending mode forming a certain included angle with the radial direction, or a curved channel with a certain bending instead of a straight line.

Preferably, a gap 15 is formed between the side wall and the bottom surface of the first piston a to form the second passage 13. Accordingly, the notch 15 may be disposed to extend forward in the radial direction, or may be disposed to extend obliquely inward at an appropriate angle to the radial direction.

Wherein, the depth H of the gap 15 is generally consistent, but it is also possible that the depth of each position of the gap 15 is different; the width W of the recess 15 can likewise be uniform throughout or different from one another, for example decreasing radially from the outside to the inside. Most preferably, the two sides of the notch are arranged radially to form a notch 15 having a sector-shaped cross-sectional shape.

In the present embodiment, the first passage group is located outside the second passage group in the radial direction.

In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the first piston a is provided with a first end groove 105 having a ring shape, the first end groove 105 is recessed inward, the outer side of the first end groove 105 is formed as a first end groove outer wall 106, the middle of the upper end surface 101 of the first piston is formed as a first step 107, and the first step 107 and the first end groove outer wall 106 are higher than the first end groove 105. Wherein the first end slot 105 is used for the first one-way valve to set.

The second piston lower end surface 203 is provided with a separating ring wall 205 and an outer ring wall 206, the separating ring wall 205 is positioned in the outer ring wall 206, the distance between the separating ring wall and the outer ring wall is proper, the lower end surface between the separating ring wall 205 and the outer ring wall is sunken to form an outer ring groove 207, and the third channel 22 is communicated with the outer ring groove 207. The lower end surface of the partition wall 205 is also recessed to form an inner annular groove 208, and the fourth passage 23 communicates with the inner annular groove 208. Wherein the inner annular groove 208 is used for setting the second check valve.

In this embodiment, a positioning assembly is further disposed between the first piston a and the second piston B to position the relative rotation between the first piston a and the second piston B, so as to ensure that the first piston a and the second piston B do not rotate relatively, and the first channel group and the second channel group are kept stable and smooth as a whole.

The positioning assembly comprises a first positioning piece 41 and a second positioning piece 42 which are respectively arranged on the first piston A and the second piston B, and the first positioning piece 41 and the second positioning piece 42 are of concave-convex structures which are respectively arranged on the lower end face of the first piston A and the upper end face of the second piston B so as to mutually match and lock the relative rotation of the two pistons.

The first positioning element 41 is a plurality of protruding columns or grooves arranged on the lower end surface of the first piston a, and the second positioning element 42 is a plurality of grooves and protruding columns correspondingly arranged on the upper end surface of the second piston B. Preferably, the plurality of mutually matched convex columns and grooves are uniformly arranged on the lower end surface of the first piston A or the upper end surface of the second piston B along the circumferential direction; for example, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the number of the two is 5 respectively and uniformly arranged along the circumference.

Although the first piston a and the second piston B are both cylindrical in the present embodiment, it is not necessary that they be so. In other embodiments, the second piston B and the piston cavity 300 are not matched, but the first piston a is changed from the shape similar to the circular body described in the above embodiments to a cylindrical shape, so as to form a gap 301 which is communicated or not communicated between the side wall of the first piston a and the inner wall of the piston cavity 300, which is also feasible.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 11, a damper piston (piston for short) with adjustable low-speed flow rate includes a piston body for fitting in a piston cavity, and an upper chamber 310 is formed above the piston body and a lower chamber 320 is formed below the piston body after fitting. The main structure is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the difference is only that the setting position of the adjusting channel 14 of the present embodiment is different from that of the second embodiment.

In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the first piston a is flat, and the upper end surface 201 of the second piston is provided with the adjusting passage 14, and the adjusting passage 14 is also formed by inclining a partial area of the upper end surface thereof. In the present embodiment, the regulating passage 14 communicates with all of the first and second passages.

Example four

As shown in fig. 12 to 19, a damper piston (piston for short) with an adjustable low-speed flow rate includes a piston body for fitting in a piston cavity, and an upper chamber 310 is formed above and a lower chamber 320 is formed below the piston body after fitting. The main structure is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the difference is only that the structure of the positioning assembly of the present embodiment is different from that of the second embodiment.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, the notch 15 is formed as the first positioning element 41, the second positioning element 42 is a plurality of protrusions 421 disposed on the upper end surface of the second piston B, and the protrusions 421 are snapped into the notch 15 to limit the relative rotation of the first piston a with respect to the second piston B.

Preferably, the projection 421 is disposed near the outer edge of the upper end surface of the second piston B.

As shown in fig. 21-24, the piston allows fluid to flow between the two chambers through the regulating passage at low flow rates. Where the flow direction of the liquid in the regulating passage 14 is exemplary, the reverse flow is also permitted.

EXAMPLE five

As shown in fig. 20, a damper piston (piston for short) with adjustable low speed flow rate comprises a piston body for fitting in a piston cavity, wherein an upper chamber 310 is formed above the piston body after fitting, and a lower chamber 320 is formed below the piston body. The main structure is the same as that of the second embodiment, except that the adjusting passage 14 in this embodiment does not communicate with all the first and second passages.

Unlike the second and third embodiments in which all the adjustment passages 14 are disposed to extend entirely through all the first and second passage groups, the adjustment passages 14 of the present embodiment may communicate only a part of the first and second passage groups, for example, as shown in fig. 20, the adjustment passages 14 may communicate only one first passage group with another second passage group. The boundary between the regulating channel 14 and the first piston lower end surface 103 or the second piston upper end surface 201 is a dividing line 141.

Claims

1. A shock absorber piston with adjustable low-speed flow comprises a piston main body, wherein an upper chamber (310) is formed above the piston main body, and a lower chamber (320) is formed below the piston main body; the piston also comprises a plurality of first channel groups (1a) and a plurality of second channel groups (1b) which respectively penetrate through the piston main body to communicate the upper chamber and the lower chamber; the piston main body further comprises a first valve position (1c) arranged on the upper end face of the piston main body and a second valve position (1d) arranged on the lower end face of the piston main body, the first channel group (1a) is communicated with the first valve position (1c) so as to open or close the communication between the first channel group (1a) and the upper chamber (310) through a first valve piece (1e) arranged at the first valve position (1c), and the second channel group (1b) is communicated with the second valve position (1d) so as to open or close the communication between the second channel group (1b) and the lower chamber (320) through a second valve piece (1f) arranged at the second valve position (1 d); it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the first valve piece (1e) and the second valve piece (1f) are respectively matched at a first valve position (1c) and a second valve position (1d) to form a one-way valve, a first channel group lower port (11b) is communicated with the lower chamber (320), and a second channel group upper port (12a) is communicated with the upper chamber (310); the piston body further comprises a regulating channel (14), and the regulating channel (14) is communicated with at least one first channel group (1a) and at least one second channel group (1 b);

when the flow rate is low, the first valve element (1e) and the second valve element (1f) respectively close the upper port (11a) of the first channel group and the lower port (12b) of the second channel group, the upper chamber (310) and the lower chamber (320) are communicated by an adjusting channel group formed by the upper port (12a) of the second channel group, the second channel group (1b), the adjusting channel (14), the first channel group (1a) and the lower port (11b) of the first channel group, and therefore fluid is allowed to flow between the upper chamber (310) and the lower chamber (320) when the flow rate is low and the two one-way valves are in a closed state.

2. The low-speed adjustable-flow shock absorber piston as claimed in claim 1, wherein the regulating channel (14) is provided on the inside or on the side wall of the piston body;

the regulating channel (14) is linear and arranged at a right angle or an acute angle with the first channel group or the regulating channel (14) is arranged in a bending way.

3. The low-speed adjustable-flow shock absorber piston as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the piston body comprises a first piston (a) and a second piston (B), the adjustment channel (14) being provided between the first piston (a) and the second piston (B);

the adjusting channel (14) is formed by matching a first adjusting channel piece arranged on the lower end face of the first piston with a second adjusting channel piece arranged on the upper end face of the second piston; at least one of the first adjusting channel piece and the second adjusting channel piece is a groove or a slope.

4. The low-speed, adjustable-flow shock absorber piston of claim 3, wherein the tuning passage (14) communicates between all of the first and second passage sets.

5. The low-speed adjustable-flow shock absorber piston as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first piston (A) is cylindrical in shape and has a smaller diameter than the second piston (B), and the outer wall of the second piston (B) matches with the inner wall of the piston chamber (300) to seal and separate the upper chamber (310) and the lower chamber (320); a gap (301) communicated with the upper chamber (310) is formed on the outer side of the first piston side wall (102), a first passage group penetrates through the first piston and the second piston to be arranged to communicate the upper chamber with the lower chamber, and a second passage group communicates the gap (301) with the lower chamber (320);

the first piston (A) comprises a plurality of first passages (12) penetrating through the first piston (A), the first passages (12) are communicated with an upper end face (101) of the first piston and a lower end face (103) of the first piston, the first piston (A) further comprises a plurality of second passages (13), and the second passages (13) are communicated with a side wall (102) of the first piston and the lower end face (103) of the first piston;

a plurality of third channels (22) and a plurality of fourth channels (23) which penetrate through the second piston (B) are arranged on the second piston (B), the third channels (22) and the fourth channels (23) are respectively communicated with the upper end surface (201) and the lower end surface (203) of the second piston, the first channels (12) are not communicated with the second channels (13), and the third channels (22) are not communicated with the fourth channels (23); the third channel (22) corresponds to the first channel (12) to form a first channel group, and the fourth channel (23) corresponds to the second channel (13) to form a second channel group; the first or second regulating passage member also extends to communicate with the gap.

6. The low-speed flow-adjustable shock absorber piston as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first piston (A) is in the shape of a prism, a gap (301) which is communicated or not communicated is formed between the first piston side wall and the inner wall of the piston cavity (300), and the outer wall of the second piston (B) is fitted to the inner wall of the piston cavity (300) for sealing; the first or second regulating passage member also extends to communicate with the gap.

7. The low-speed adjustable-flow shock absorber piston as recited in claim 5, wherein the second channel (13) extends from the first piston side wall (102) inwardly in a radial direction and out from the first piston lower end face (103) to form a channel connecting the first piston side wall and the bottom face to form the second channel (13).

8. The low-speed adjustable flow shock absorber piston as claimed in claim 7, wherein a gap (15) is formed between the first piston side wall and the bottom surface to form a second channel (13);

an annular wall (204) is arranged on the outer side of the upper end face (201) of the second piston, and the annular wall (204) is arranged higher than the upper end face (201) of the second piston; the diameter of the inner wall of the annular wall (204) is smaller than the outer diameter of the side wall of the first piston, so that the first piston (A) and the second piston (B) are in interference fit;

a separating ring wall (205) and an outer ring wall (206) are arranged on the lower end surface (203) of the second piston, an outer ring groove (207) is arranged between the separating ring wall (205) and the outer ring wall (206), a third channel (22) is communicated with the outer ring groove (207), an inner ring groove (208) is arranged on the inner side of the separating ring wall (205), and a fourth channel (23) is communicated with the inner ring groove (208);

an annular first end groove (105) is formed in the upper end face of the first piston, the first end groove (105) is recessed inwards, a first end groove outer wall (106) is formed on the outer side of the first end groove (105), a first step (107) is formed in the middle of the upper end face (101) of the first piston, and the first step (107) and the first end groove outer wall (106) are higher than the first end groove (105).

9. The low-speed adjustable-flow shock absorber piston as recited in claim 5, wherein a positioning assembly is further provided between the first piston (A) and the second piston (B) to position the relative rotation between the first piston (A) and the second piston (B);

the positioning assembly comprises a first positioning piece (41) and a second positioning piece (42) which are respectively arranged on a first piston (A) and a second piston (B), and the first positioning piece (41) and the second positioning piece (42) are concave-convex structures which are respectively arranged on the lower end face of the first piston and the upper end face of the second piston so as to be matched with each other to lock the relative rotation of the two pistons.

10. The piston of the shock absorber with the adjustable low-speed flow rate as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first positioning member (41) is a plurality of convex columns or grooves arranged on the lower end surface of the first piston, and the second positioning member (42) is a plurality of grooves and convex columns correspondingly arranged on the upper end surface of the second piston (B); or the like, or, alternatively,

a gap (15) is formed between the side wall and the bottom surface of the first piston to form a second channel (13), the gap (15) is formed into a first positioning piece (41), the second positioning piece (42) is a plurality of bumps (421) arranged on the upper end surface of the second piston, and the bumps (421) are clamped into the gap (15) to limit the relative rotation of the first piston (A) relative to the second piston (B).