CN113958444B - Semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method and device - Google Patents
Semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113958444B CN113958444B CN202111545757.5A CN202111545757A CN113958444B CN 113958444 B CN113958444 B CN 113958444B CN 202111545757 A CN202111545757 A CN 202111545757A CN 113958444 B CN113958444 B CN 113958444B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
- F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
- F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
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- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
The invention can be used in the field of seawater power generation. The invention relates to a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method and a device, which solve the technical problems of dead point, low transmission efficiency, difficult coupling of multi-hydrofoil movement and no consideration of ground effect of the existing device; the hydrofoil, the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism and the hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanism are respectively provided with two sets; the flat plate slide rail mechanism is provided with an optical axis and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is arranged on the optical axis; the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism is provided with a stepping motor and a control device; the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is provided with a connecting plate, a rack and a gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the rack is arranged on the connecting plate; the power generation device is provided with a rack, a gear shaft and a generator. The invention has high transmission efficiency and can effectively utilize the ground effect to realize high-efficiency energy obtaining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power generation method and a device, in particular to a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method and a device.
Background
China is long in coastline, water flow energy is abundant, but at present, the development and utilization are less, so that the water flow energy power generation has huge development potential. Through the energy conversion device, kinetic energy contained in ocean current energy can be converted into electric energy for utilization. The current water flow energy power generation devices are mainly divided into three types, namely a horizontal shaft type, a vertical shaft type and an oscillating hydrofoil type; among them, the horizontal axis type and the vertical axis type are widely used, but the design requirement is high, and the imbalance of the vertical distribution of the water flow energy along the water depth also reduces the conversion efficiency of the power generation device, so that the water flow energy cannot be fully utilized and captured. Oscillating hydrofoil power plants are used in relatively few applications because of their relatively complex construction. But compare in traditional power generation facility, the starting speed of oscillating hydrofoil formula rivers ability power generation facility is less, receives the influence of rivers velocity of flow distribution imbalance less, and is friendlier to marine environment, simple structure, and it is stable and efficient to gain the ability, and economic nature is good.
The chinese patent application publication No. CN110469452A discloses a tidal current energy generating set with ground effect wings, which utilizes the ground effect to increase the hydrodynamic performance of double wing swing, thereby improving the generating efficiency of the tidal current energy generating set. The power generation device comprises a four-bar mechanism, a crank connecting rod and a gear rack mechanism, and the four-bar mechanism is driven to operate through the vertical heave motion of the hydrofoil, so that the power generator is driven to generate power; meanwhile, the four-bar mechanism can drive the crank connecting rod and the gear rack structure to move, and then the hydrofoil is driven by the driving wheel to do periodic pitching motion, so that self-coupling of the hydrofoil heaving motion and the pitching motion is guaranteed. The invention realizes the self-coupling of the hydrofoil heave and pitch motion and ensures the continuous energy output of the device.
The patent application mainly has the following problems: the hydrofoil driven generator generates electricity through the crank connecting rod mechanism and the gear synchronous belt, the dead point problem existing in the motion process cannot be overcome, the transmission efficiency is low, meanwhile, the pitching motion of the hydrofoil is controlled through the gear and the rack, only one motion rule exists between the pitching motion and the heaving motion, and the hydrofoil cannot be adjusted according to the real-time change of the flow speed.
The chinese patent application with publication number CN105840410A discloses a swing wing type ocean current energy power generation device, which comprises a support frame, wherein a movement mechanism is connected to the support frame, the movement mechanism is connected with an energy extraction mechanism, the energy extraction mechanism comprises a crank and rocker mechanism, the crank and rocker mechanism transfers energy extracted from the movement mechanism to an energy conversion mechanism, and the energy conversion mechanism comprises a generator; the moving mechanism is connected with the attack angle adjusting mechanism, and the attack angle adjusting mechanism adjusts and controls the attack angle of the moving mechanism to enable the moving mechanism to realize preset pitching motion. The hydrofoil angle of attack adjustment mechanism is equipped, the problem of hydrofoil angle of attack control is solved, the pitching motion of the hydrofoil is accurately controlled by monitoring the position of the swing rod, the hydrofoil angle of attack adjustment mechanism can adapt to different water flow speeds, the water flow energy is fully captured, and the power generation efficiency and power are improved.
It mainly has the following problems: the hydrofoil drives the generator to generate electricity through the crank rocker mechanism, the eccentric wheel transmission and the synchronous belt, the energy transmission efficiency loss is large, and meanwhile, the energy obtaining mechanism adopts the series hydrofoil without considering the ground effect.
Chinese utility model patent with publication number CN205001115U provides a floating type semi-active swing hydrofoil tidal current energy capturing device, which is composed of two sets of crank rocker mechanisms, fins, synchronous belts and pulleys, a control motor, a speed increasing mechanism, a flywheel, a buoy, a flat plate, a generator and corresponding transmission components. The hydrofoil up-and-down swinging motion is converted into the unidirectional rotation motion of the crank through the transmission of the crank rocker mechanism, and finally the energy is transmitted to the generator to realize the energy conversion after the speed is increased through the speed increasing mechanism. The motor is used for realizing the real-time control of the swing angle motion rule of the wing, the dead point problem existing in the motion of the crank rocker mechanism is solved by using the rotational inertia of the flywheel, and the rotating speed is increased to be within the rated rotating speed range of the generator by using the speed increasing mechanism. The utility model discloses an utilize the motion characteristic of crank rocker mechanism machinery itself to realize energy conversion, utilize the motor to carry out active control to the hydrofoil angle of attack.
It mainly has the following problems: the hydrofoil drives the generator to generate electricity through the crank rocker mechanism, the dead point problem is overcome by the flywheel, but the dead point problem still cannot be overcome when the hydrofoil is started at the dead point position, partial energy needs to be stored in the flywheel by the device, energy obtaining efficiency has certain loss, the device floats on the water surface, waves influence the transmission stability of the whole device, and the energy obtaining mechanism adopts a group of hydrofoils without considering the ground effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of dead point, low transmission efficiency, difficult coupling of multi-hydrofoil motion and no consideration of ground effect in the conventional device, and provides a semi-active ground effect hydrofoil water flow energy power generation method and device which overcome the dead point of a mechanical structure, have high transmission efficiency and effectively utilize the ground effect to realize high efficiency and energy acquisition.
Therefore, the invention provides a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation device which is provided with a power generation device, a hydrofoil, a flat plate slide rail mechanism, a hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism and a hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanism; the hydrofoil, the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism and the hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanism are respectively provided with two sets; the flat plate slide rail mechanism is provided with an optical axis and a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is arranged on the optical axis and can move up and down in a translation manner along the optical axis; the flat plate slide rail mechanism is used for supporting the power generation device; the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism is provided with a stepping motor and a control device, the stepping motor is connected with the hydrofoil, and the hydrofoil and the stepping motor are arranged on the connecting plate and move synchronously with the connecting plate; the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism controls the pitching motion of the hydrofoil to realize synchronous and symmetrical periodical pitching motion of the hydrofoil; the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is provided with a connecting plate, a rack and a gear, the gear is meshed with the rack, and the rack is arranged on the connecting plate and moves synchronously with the connecting plate; the hydrofoils and the racks move synchronously, and the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is used for controlling the heave motions of the hydrofoils, so that the heave motions of the two hydrofoils are always kept 180-degree phase difference; the power generation device is provided with a rack, a gear shaft and a generator, wherein the gear shaft is connected with the gear and the generator and transmits the motion of the gear to the generator; and the gear shaft horizontal tangent plane is taken as a symmetrical plane, the two sets of hydrofoil pitching motion mechanisms are distributed in a vertical symmetrical manner, and the two sets of hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanisms are distributed in a vertical antisymmetric manner, so that the heaving motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoils can be coupled together.
Preferably, the flat plate slide rail mechanism is further provided with two bottom plates, four optical axis mounting seats and four linear bearings; the optical axis mount pad is located from top to bottom on the bottom plate, the optical axis is located respectively on the optical axis mount pad, the bottom plate with the optical axis forms the optical axis slide rail, be equipped with on the connecting plate linear bearing, the linear bearing cover is located on the optical axis, and can freely slide on the optical axis, the connecting plate passes through linear bearing can realize self freely sliding on the optical axis slide rail.
Preferably, the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is further provided with a hydrofoil installation mechanism and a rack support seat; the hydrofoil is arranged on the front side of the connecting plate and synchronously moves on the optical axis slide rail together with the connecting plate; the rack is arranged on the connecting plate through the rack supporting seat and synchronously moves on the optical axis slide rail with the connecting plate; the two racks are meshed with the gear.
Preferably, the control device is provided with an encoder, a singlechip and a driver; the encoder is used for sending an angle signal to the single chip microcomputer; the single chip microcomputer is used for processing signals; the driver is used for sending a control signal to the stepping motor.
Preferably, the angle ranges of the effective attack angles of the two groups of hydrofoils are-40 degrees to 40 degrees.
The invention also provides a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) performing closed-loop feedback regulation on the stepping motor, regulating the output motion in real time, and controlling the pitching motion of the hydrofoil; (2) the hydrofoil and the connecting plate move synchronously; (3) the connecting plate drives the racks to synchronously move; (4) the gear rotates under the action of the rack; (5) the gear shaft transmits the motion of the gear to a generator to generate electricity.
Preferably, in the step (1), the motion output by the stepping motor and the rotary motion of the hydrofoil are synchronous; the hydrofoil is controlled to realize periodic pitching motion by controlling the stepping motor to output periodic simple harmonic motion, so that the hydrofoil generates periodic heaving motion to drive the generator to generate power.
Preferably, in the step (1), the stepping motor is subjected to closed-loop feedback regulation, namely, the encoder sends an angle signal to the single chip microcomputer in real time, and the single chip microcomputer sends a control signal to the stepping motor through the driver after signal processing, so that the stepping motor can regulate the output motion in real time according to the actual heave motion state and the water flow speed of the hydrofoil, and control the pitching motion of the hydrofoil.
Preferably, when the hydrofoil heave motion reaches a position close to the middle symmetrical plane or reaches two ends of the device, a ground effect is generated between the two groups of hydrofoils or between the hydrofoils and the ground.
Preferably, the moving area of the hydrofoil is not higher than the water surface.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention avoids the defect of low transmission efficiency of a crank rocker structure, and realizes the coupling of the heave motion and the pitching motion of the semi-active hydrofoil by utilizing the transmission of a gear rack transmission mechanism, a flat guide rail mechanism and a closed-loop control stepping motor; specifically, the ideal coupling state of single-hydrofoil heave and pitching motion is realized by utilizing a closed-loop feedback regulation control stepping motor, and the motion coupling among multiple hydrofoils is realized through a gear rack transmission mechanism, so that the conversion efficiency of the power and the water flow energy of the oscillating-wing type power generation device is improved, and the power generation cost is reduced;
2. according to the invention, the hydrofoil can keep ideal periodic pitching motion under different working conditions by performing feedback regulation control on the stepping motor, so that the hydrofoil can be better matched with the heave motion; the pitch angle speed of the hydrofoils is controlled to achieve the aim of adapting to different incoming flow speeds, so that the environmental adaptability of the device is improved, and high-efficiency energy obtaining is ensured;
3. the invention ensures that the minimum distance between the two groups of hydrofoils can meet the optimal ground effect requirement, better improves the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoils and improves the generating efficiency of the hydrofoils;
4. the transmission device and the control device in the invention ensure that the hydrofoil heave motion and pitching motion have stable periods and high synchronism, and ensure the continuous output of energy;
5. the invention does not need to consider the dead point problem of a mechanical structure possibly occurring in the motion process, and simultaneously has high transmission efficiency;
6. the whole structure is placed below the water surface, so that the influence of large wind waves on the water surface is avoided, and continuous and stable energy obtaining can be realized;
7. the power generation device is simple and stable in structure, and the water flow energy power generation device array can be copied to increase the power generation power through modularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a right side axial view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a hydrofoil heave motion mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the positions of two sets of hydrofoils according to the present invention when they generate ground effect;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the dual hydrofoil motion profile of the present invention.
The symbols in the drawings illustrate that:
1. the device comprises a bottom plate, 2, an optical axis, 3, a connecting plate, 4, a hydrofoil, 5, a gear, 6, a rack, 7, a generator, 8, a gear shaft, 9, a fixing plate, 10, a rack supporting seat, 11, a linear bearing, 12, a hydrofoil mounting mechanism (including a bearing), 13, a stepping motor, 14 and an optical axis mounting seat.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the device structures and/or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so relevant to the present invention are omitted. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation device, which specifically comprises: the device comprises a flat plate slide rail mechanism, a hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism, a hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanism and a power generation device.
The flat plate slide rail mechanism comprises a bottom plate 1, an optical axis 2, an optical axis mounting seat 14, a linear bearing 11 and a connecting plate 3; optical axis mount pad 14 is installed on two upper and lower bottom plates 1, and four optical axes 2 are installed respectively on four optical axis mount pads 14, and bottom plate 1 and optical axis 2 form the optical axis slide rail, installs four linear bearing 11 on the connecting plate 3, and linear bearing 11 cover is on optical axis 2 and can freely slide on optical axis 2, and connecting plate 3 passes through linear bearing 11, can realize the free slip of self on the optical axis slide rail.
The flat plate slide rail mechanism supports the whole power generation device, and the connecting plate 3 is arranged on the four optical shafts 2 through linear support, so that the vertical linear motion of the connecting plate 3 can be realized; the connecting plate 3 and the fixing plate 9 provide positions for mounting other parts, the gear shaft 8 is mounted on the fixing plate 9 through a bearing seat, and the fixing plate 9 is fixed at a specific position of the optical axis 2 so as to ensure that the gear shaft 8 is positioned on a symmetrical plane of the whole device.
The hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism comprises a hydrofoil 4, a hydrofoil mounting mechanism 12, a connecting plate 3, a rack supporting seat 10, a gear 5 and a rack 6, the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism (except the hydrofoil 4 part) is divided into two groups, and the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanisms are in anti-symmetric distribution by taking the horizontal section of a gear shaft 8 as a symmetric surface; the hydrofoil 4 is arranged on the front side of the connecting plate 3 and synchronously moves on the optical axis slide rail together with the connecting plate 3; the rack 6 is arranged on the connecting plate 3 through a rack supporting seat 10 and synchronously moves on the optical axis slide rail together with the connecting plate 3; the two racks 6 are meshed with the gear 5, the gear 5 rotates for a certain angle, the linear motion speeds of the two racks 6 are the same, and the directions are opposite, namely the phase difference of 180 degrees is always kept; finally, the heave motions of the upper and lower groups of hydrofoils are always kept 180-degree phase difference.
The gear 5 and the rack 6 in the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism are meshed, so that the heave motions of the upper and lower hydrofoils 4 with the same speed, opposite directions and 180-degree phase angle difference can be realized, the ground effect between the hydrofoils 4 can be better realized, and the energy obtaining efficiency of the hydrofoils 4 is improved; the gear 5 and the rack 6 convert the linear motion of the hydrofoil 4 into the rotation of the gear 5, the gear 5 is connected with the generator 7 through the gear shaft 8, therefore, the gear 5 transmits the rotation motion to the generator 7, and the generator 7 works to output electric energy.
The heave amplitude of the hydrofoil 4 is limited to one chord length of the hydrofoil; the hydrofoil 4 can generate vertical heave motion along with the passing of water flow, the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into the kinetic energy of the hydrofoil 4, and then the kinetic energy of the hydrofoil 4 is converted into electric energy of the generator 7 through the transmission of the gear 5 and the rack 6.
The hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism controls the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4, the hydrofoil 4 can perform heaving motion under the action of incoming flow by controlling the hydrofoil turning angle, the output of the hydrofoil 4 can be adjusted by controlling the stepping motor 13 through feedback adjustment according to the actual state of the hydrofoil heaving motion, and then the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4 is controlled, so that the heaving motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4 are ideally coupled in motion.
Specifically, the stepping motor 13 can drive the two hydrofoils 4 to move by output rotation; the device has two groups of hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanisms, and the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanisms are symmetrically distributed by taking the horizontal section of the gear shaft 8 as a symmetrical plane; wherein, a group of hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism comprises two hydrofoils 4 and a hydrofoil swing angle active control system. The active control system of the swing angle specifically includes a stepping motor 13, a single chip microcomputer, a power supply, a driver and an encoder (not shown in the figure). Step motor 13 chooses for use two output shaft form step motor, and the singlechip sends control signal to step motor 13 through the driver, and the driver is connected the power and is supplied power to step motor 13 for step motor 13 can rotate according to predetermined law (sine). The encoder sends an angle signal to the single chip microcomputer in real time to determine the swing angle of the hydrofoil 4, so that closed-loop feedback control is realized, the rotating accuracy of the hydrofoil 4 is ensured, and errors such as missing steps are avoided.
The device can perform feedback adjustment on the stepping motor according to the motion states under different working conditions, and controls the output of the stepping motor, so that the pitching motion of the hydrofoil is controlled, the pitching motion of the hydrofoil can be better matched with the heaving motion of the hydrofoil under different working conditions, and ideal power generation efficiency is achieved.
The stepping motor 13 drives the hydrofoils 4 to do periodic pitching motion, the hydrofoils 4 start periodic heave motion under the action of incoming flow, at the moment, the gears 5 and the racks 6 are meshed with each other, so that the motion of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 is limited, and a phase difference of 180 degrees exists between the heave motions of the two groups of hydrofoils 4; the pitching motion of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 can be ensured to be periodically and symmetrically distributed by controlling the output of the stepping motor 13, so that the periodicity and the synchronism of the motion of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 are ensured.
In the invention, the stepping motor 13 can drive the hydrofoils 4 to rotate periodically around the rotation center of the hydrofoils 4 by controlling the output of the stepping motor connected with the hydrofoils 4, thereby ensuring that the pitching motions of the upper and lower hydrofoils 4 are symmetrical; further, the hydrofoil 4 generates periodic heave motion under the action of incoming flow due to the periodic change of the hydrofoil attack angle, and due to the meshing of the gear 5 and the racks 6, the two racks 6 perform up-and-down motion with the same speed and opposite directions under the limitation of the gear 5, namely, the phase difference is 180 degrees; furthermore, the rack 6 is synchronous with the movement of the connecting plate 3 and the hydrofoils 4 on the same side, so that the heave motions of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 have the same speed and opposite directions, and the phase difference is 180 degrees, thereby realizing the coupling of the heave motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoils 4.
The horizontal tangent plane of the gear shaft 8 is taken as a symmetrical plane, the two sets of hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanisms are distributed in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and the two sets of hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanisms are distributed in an up-and-down anti-symmetrical mode, so that the heaving motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoils 4 can be coupled together in an ideal state.
In the present invention, the chord length and the length of the hydrofoil 4 are determined according to the sea state of the area and the amount of energy to be collected. The hydrofoil 4 will heave up and down along with the incoming flow to capture tidal current energy, and the kinetic energy of the water flow is converted into the kinetic energy of the hydrofoil 4.
More specifically, the stepping motor 13 is controlled in advance so that the stepping motor 13 can adjust the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4 according to the heave motion state of the hydrofoil 4 to satisfy an ideal coupling state of the pitching motion and the heave motion of the hydrofoil 4, and the ideal state of the heave motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4 is as shown in fig. 6.
In the invention, the angle ranges of the effective attack angles of the two groups of hydrofoils are-40 degrees, so that even if dynamic stall occurs in the moving process of the hydrofoils 4, a larger lift force can be maintained under the influence of the dynamic stall delay phenomenon, the lift force of the hydrofoils 4 in one period is ensured to have a higher peak value, and an optimal phase is kept, so that the energy obtaining efficiency is optimal. When the two groups of hydrofoils 4 reach the position close to the middle symmetrical plane or reach the two ends of the device, a ground effect is generated between the two groups of hydrofoils 4 or between the hydrofoils 4 and the ground, so that the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoils 4 is further improved, and the generating efficiency is improved.
In the invention, the effective attack angle is calculated by the formula
(ii) a Wherein
Refers to the real-time angle of rotation value of the hydrofoil 4,
in order to achieve a real-time heave speed,
is the incoming flow velocity; for the energy obtaining of the oscillating wing, the energy obtaining efficiency can be generally determined according to the maximum effective attack angle value of the oscillating wing in one period, and the energy obtaining efficiency rules corresponding to different effective attack angles can be seen in the following table; the energy obtaining efficiency is optimal when the maximum effective attack angle is 40 degrees according to the approximate rule, so that the energy obtaining efficiency is optimal while the lift force of the hydrofoil 4 is optimal by adopting the movement range with the effective attack angle of-40 degrees.
TABLE 1 capacitation efficiencies for different maximum effective attack angle values
More specifically, when the hydrofoils 4 approach, a ground effect is generated between the two hydrofoils 4; when the hydrofoil 4 moves to the two ends of the device, a ground effect is generated between the hydrofoil 4 and the ground; the ground effect effectively increases the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoil 4, and the generating efficiency can be significantly improved compared with that of a common hydrofoil generating device.
In the process of obtaining energy, the synchronism of the motion states of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 is very important. The device limits the heave motion of the two groups of hydrofoils 4 through the meshing transmission of the gear 5 and the rack 6 so as to ensure that the two groups of hydrofoils 4 always have the same motion speed and opposite motion directions and realize the synchronism of the heave motion; by controlling the stepping motors 13, the outputs of the two stepping motors 13 are always in opposite phases, and the synchronism of the pitching motion of the hydrofoils 4 is ensured.
The invention also provides a semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) performing closed-loop feedback adjustment on the stepping motor 13, adjusting the output motion in real time, and further controlling the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4; (2) the hydrofoil 4 and the connecting plate 3 move synchronously; (3) the connecting plate 3 drives the rack 6 to move synchronously; (4) the gear 5 rotates under the action of the rack 6; (5) the gear 5 shaft transmits the motion of the gear 5 to a generator 7 to generate electricity.
In the step (1), the motion output by the stepping motor 13 is synchronous with the rotary motion of the hydrofoil 4; the hydrofoil 4 is controlled to realize periodic pitching motion by controlling the stepping motor 13 to output periodic simple harmonic motion, so that the hydrofoil 4 generates periodic heave motion to drive the generator 7 to generate power.
In the step (1), the stepping motor 13 is subjected to closed-loop feedback adjustment, that is, the encoder sends an angle signal to the single chip microcomputer in real time, and the single chip microcomputer sends a control signal to the stepping motor 13 through the driver after signal processing, so that the stepping motor 13 can adjust the output motion in real time according to the actual heave motion state and the water flow speed of the hydrofoil 4, and further control the pitching motion of the hydrofoil 4.
The moving area of the hydrofoil 4 is not higher than the water surface.
When the hydrofoils 4 reach positions close to the middle symmetrical plane (as shown in fig. 5) or reach positions at two ends of the device, a ground effect is generated between the two groups of hydrofoils 4 or between the hydrofoils 4 and the ground.
However, the above description is only exemplary of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and the replacement of the equivalent components or the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the protection scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A semi-active ground effect wing water flow energy power generation device is provided with a generator and hydrofoils, and is characterized by also comprising an optical axis, a connecting plate, a rack, a gear shaft, a stepping motor and a control device; the step motor is connected with the hydrofoil, and the hydrofoil and the step motor are arranged on the connecting plate and move synchronously with the connecting plate; the connecting plate is arranged on the optical axis and can perform up-and-down translational motion along the optical axis; the hydrofoil and the rack move synchronously; the gear is meshed with the rack, and the rack is arranged on the connecting plate and moves synchronously with the connecting plate; the gear shaft is connected with the gear and the generator and transmits the motion of the gear to the generator;
the rack, the gear shaft and the generator set form a power generation device;
the optical axis and the connecting plate form a flat plate slide rail mechanism, and the flat plate slide rail mechanism is used for supporting the power generation device;
the step motor and the control device form a hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism, and the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism controls the pitching motion of the hydrofoil to realize synchronous and symmetrical periodic pitching motion of the hydrofoil;
the hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is used for controlling the heave motion of the hydrofoil, and the heave motion of the two groups of hydrofoils is ensured to be always kept at a phase difference of 180 degrees;
the hydrofoil, the hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanism and the hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanism are respectively divided into two groups; the angle ranges of the effective attack angles of the two groups of hydrofoils are-40 degrees to 40 degrees;
and the gear shaft horizontal tangent plane is taken as a symmetrical plane, the two groups of hydrofoil pitching motion control mechanisms are distributed in an up-and-down symmetrical mode, and the two groups of hydrofoil heaving motion control mechanisms are distributed in an up-and-down anti-symmetrical mode, so that the heaving motion and the pitching motion of the hydrofoil can be coupled together.
2. The semi-active ground effect wing water current energy power generation device of claim 1, wherein the flat plate slide rail mechanism is further provided with two bottom plates, four optical axis mounts, and four linear bearings; the optical axis mount pad is located from top to bottom on the bottom plate, the optical axis is located respectively on the optical axis mount pad, the bottom plate with the optical axis forms the optical axis slide rail, be equipped with on the connecting plate linear bearing, the linear bearing cover is located on the optical axis, and can freely slide on the optical axis, the connecting plate passes through linear bearing can realize self freely sliding on the optical axis slide rail.
3. The semi-active ground effect wing water current energy power generation device of claim 2, wherein said hydrofoil heave motion control mechanism is further provided with a hydrofoil mounting mechanism, a rack support; the hydrofoil is arranged on the front side of the connecting plate and synchronously moves on the optical axis slide rail together with the connecting plate; the rack is installed on the connecting plate through the rack supporting seat and moves synchronously with the connecting plate on the optical axis slide rail.
4. The semi-active ground effect wing water current energy power generation device of claim 1, wherein the control device is provided with an encoder, a single chip microcomputer and a driver; wherein,
the encoder is used for sending an angle signal to the single chip microcomputer;
the single chip microcomputer is used for processing signals;
the driver is used for sending a control signal to the stepping motor.
5. A method of generating electricity from semi-active ground effect wing water current energy using the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) performing closed-loop feedback regulation on the stepping motor, regulating the output motion in real time, and controlling the pitching motion of the hydrofoil;
(2) the hydrofoil and the connecting plate move synchronously;
(3) the connecting plate drives the racks to synchronously move;
(4) the gear rotates under the action of the rack;
(5) the gear shaft transmits the motion of the gear to a generator to generate electricity.
6. The semi-active ground effect wing water current energy power generation method of claim 5, wherein in step (1), the motion output by the stepper motor and the rotational motion of the hydrofoil are synchronized; the hydrofoil is controlled to realize periodic pitching motion by controlling the stepping motor to output periodic simple harmonic motion, so that the hydrofoil generates periodic heaving motion to drive the generator to generate power.
7. The method for generating power by water flow energy of semi-active ground effect wing according to claim 6, wherein in the step (1), the stepping motor is subjected to closed-loop feedback adjustment, that is, an encoder sends an angle signal to a single chip microcomputer in real time, the single chip microcomputer sends a control signal to the stepping motor through a driver after signal processing, so that the stepping motor can adjust the output motion in real time according to the actual heave motion state and water flow speed of the hydrofoil to control the pitching motion of the hydrofoil.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the ground effect is generated between two sets of hydrofoils or between a hydrofoil and the ground when the hydrofoil heave motion reaches a position close to the middle symmetry plane or at both ends of the device.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the hydrofoil has no moving area above water.
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