CN113923086A - Method and system for eliminating signal carrier frequency offset based on Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period - Google Patents
Method and system for eliminating signal carrier frequency offset based on Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for eliminating signal carrier frequency offset based on a Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period, which are applied to a Bluetooth wireless communication system. In the method, a Bluetooth receiving end with a receiving antenna array is synchronously connected with a Bluetooth transmitting end, and the phase error caused by carrier frequency offset due to the asynchronization of a receiver and a transmitter crystal oscillator in the synchronization process is eliminated by calculating the difference value between the phase difference and the theoretical phase difference between sampling points of the fixed-frequency extended reference period signals in the received Bluetooth signal packet and adding compensation to the sampled data. The invention improves the reduction degree of the transmitted signal in the working mode of single data channel multi-antenna time-sharing sampling, thereby further improving the estimation precision of the angle of arrival algorithm based on the fixed frequency extension signal. The invention has lower calculation and hardware complexity, is suitable for protocols of Bluetooth with low power consumption of 5.1 and above, and the multi-time sharing antenna of the receiver shares a single data receiving channel and receives the signal phase correction and restoration of a data packet containing a reference period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Bluetooth, in particular to a method and a system for eliminating carrier frequency offset errors of signals in a reference period based on Bluetooth fixed frequency extension.
Background
In the bluetooth 5.1 standard protocol, in order to support the signal arrival angle estimation function, the tail end of each bluetooth signal packet contains a fixed frequency extended signal (CTE). The Bluetooth signal receiving end performs I/Q data sampling and processing on the fixed-frequency extension signal according to a certain sampling rate by time-sharing switching of different antennas. According to the geometric arrangement information of the antenna array and the phase information of sampling signals when different antennas sample, by combining the multiple signal classification equal angle of arrival algorithm, the receiver end can calculate the incoming wave direction of the signals in the space. In the single data receiving channel low-power consumption Bluetooth device, the receiving array antenna shares the same data channel in a time-sharing switching mode. Because the traditional DOA algorithm theoretically requires different antennas to sample at the same time for signal phase data, in order to obtain the antenna sampling effect similar to the same time and not increase the number of data receiving channels, the activation time of each antenna is defined as one or half of a fixed frequency extended signal period. Under the standard, I/Q sampling data with integral multiple time intervals can be considered to be sampled by different antennas at the same time, and only one Bluetooth data receiving channel is needed.
In a low power consumption bluetooth communication system, a signal transmitter and a signal receiver need to be synchronized, but a synchronization error exists between crystal oscillators, and a low power consumption bluetooth standard modulates binary 0 and binary 1 in a gaussian frequency shift keying manner, so that a received carrier signal and a fixed frequency extension signal have a certain frequency offset. The frequency offset error further causes the phase deviation of the I/Q sampling data, and the angle estimation precision of the angle of arrival algorithm of multiple signal classification and the like on the incoming wave direction of the signal is reduced. Therefore, on the premise of a single data receiving channel, in order to improve the degree of restoration of the I/Q sampled data of the receiving end to the fixed-frequency spread signal of the transmitting end and improve the estimation accuracy of the angle of arrival, the receiver is required to perform phase compensation on the I/Q sampled data, and errors caused by carrier frequency offset are eliminated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for carrying out phase compensation on sampling data based on a Bluetooth fixed extended signal reference period signal aiming at the phase offset of the sampling data caused by the synchronous error of a Bluetooth receiver and a transmitter crystal oscillator, and solves the problem of deviation of incoming wave direction angle estimation caused by phase error.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for eliminating signal carrier frequency offset based on Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period comprises the following steps:
(1) a Bluetooth signal receiver with an antenna array performs carrier filtering and I/Q data sampling on a Bluetooth signal packet containing a fixed-frequency extension signal;
(2) synthesizing the I/Q two-path data of each sampling point of the reference period of the fixed frequency extended signal acquired in the step (1) into incoming wave data with amplitude and phase information, and utilizing a formula
Calculating the phase of each sampling point;
(3) calculating the phase difference of two adjacent sampling points according to the phase of each sampling point obtained in the step (2), and solving the average phase difference of all the phase differences obtained in the reference period;
(4) and (4) calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the array antenna switching interval in the fixed frequency extension signal by using the difference value between the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points calculated in the step (3) and the phase difference of the theoretical adjacent sampling points, correcting and compensating the phase of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the actual phase offset, and eliminating the carrier frequency offset.
Furthermore, in the bluetooth signal receiver with the antenna array, at least 2 antennas are used for receiving and sampling the bluetooth signal containing the fixed-frequency extension signal in the channel; and after the reference period is finished, the array antenna starts to be switched and activated to sample in any mode of from left to right, from right to left, from top to bottom, from bottom to top, clockwise or anticlockwise.
Further, the frequency of the fixed frequency extension signal is 250 kilohertz, the single-activation sampling time of a single receiving antenna is 4 microseconds, and the sampling rate of the I/Q data of the receiving channel of the Bluetooth signal receiver is set to be 1 megahertz, 2 megahertz or 4 megahertz.
Further, in the step (4), the calculating an actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the switching interval of the array antenna in the fixed-frequency extension signal specifically includes:
selecting any sampling point in the fixed-frequency extension signal as a reference point, and calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the sampling time interval between each effective I/Q data sampling point and the reference point in the array antenna switching interval in the fixed-frequency extension signal, wherein the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point and the sampling time interval between each effective I/Q data sampling point and the reference point are in a linear relation.
Further, in the step (4), the phase of each effective I/Q data sampling point is corrected and compensated according to the actual phase offset as follows:
wherein,
for the complex expression of the nth I/Q data obtained by sampling, r represents the number of sampling points between the sampling point of the valid I/Q data and the reference point, and comprises all valid and invalid data points,
to add the compensated complex representation of the I/Q data.
Represents the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points,
representing the theoretical adjacent sample point phase difference.
Further, the reference point is first valid I/Q data acquired by a first antenna performing sampling in an antenna switching interval.
A system for eliminating carrier frequency offset of Bluetooth fixed frequency extension signals based on the method comprises:
a fixed frequency extension signal data processing unit for synthesizing the received I/Q two-path data of each sampling point in the reference period of the fixed frequency extension signal into incoming wave data with amplitude and phase information, and using a formula
The phase of each sample point is calculated.
And the average phase difference calculating unit is used for calculating the phase difference of two adjacent sampling points according to the phase of each sampling point and solving the average phase difference of all the phase differences obtained in the reference period.
And the actual phase offset calculating unit is used for calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the switching interval of the array antenna in the fixed-frequency extended signal according to the difference value of the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points and the phase difference of the theoretical adjacent sampling points.
And the phase compensation unit is used for correcting and compensating the phase of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the actual phase offset.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention effectively eliminates the phase error of the sampled data caused by carrier frequency offset by a low-complexity calculation method on the premise of a single data receiving channel, improves the recovery degree of the sampled data, and further improves the angle estimation precision of the angle of arrival algorithm of multiple signal classification and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fixed-frequency extension signal configuration of a transmitting end and a receiving end of a bluetooth 5.1 standard protocol;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Bluetooth 5.1 standard protocol receiving end fixed frequency extension signal 2 microsecond antenna sampling interval;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a layout of an antenna array at a receiving end of bluetooth in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the actual I/Q data of the fixed-frequency spreading signal including the reference period and the antenna switching interval according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a comparison between a theoretical phase value, an uncompensated phase value and a compensated phase value.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for eliminating carrier frequency offset of signals based on a Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period, which is characterized in that a Bluetooth receiving end with a receiving antenna array is synchronously connected with a Bluetooth transmitting end, and phase errors caused by carrier frequency offset due to the fact that crystal oscillators of a receiver and a transmitter are not synchronous in the synchronization process are eliminated by adding compensation to sampling data through calculating the difference value between the phase difference and the theoretical phase difference between sampling points of the signals in the fixed frequency extension reference period in a received Bluetooth signal packet. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention adopts the Bluetooth signal receiver with m antenna arrays to receive the Bluetooth signal packet containing the fixed-frequency extension segment in real time. As shown in fig. 1, the fixed-frequency extension signal including antenna switching is composed of three parts, the first part is a guard period with a duration of 4 μ s, the second part is a reference period with a duration of 8 μ s, the third part is an antenna switching interval with a self-defined duration, and the total duration is in an interval of 16-160 μ s. The invention adopts a sampling mode of antenna switching and sampling time of 2 mu s respectively, and in an antenna switching interval, each antenna sequentially activates sampling respectively.
The invention adopts the Bluetooth basic data receiving rate of 1 million symbols per second (Msym/s), and the theoretically received fixed frequency extension signal is f0Actually receivedHas a fixed frequency spread signal frequency of (f)0+fdrift) KHz, wherein fdriftIs the carrier frequency offset error. When an acceptance rate of 1 million symbols per second is employed, f0The value is 250 KHz.
The invention adopts k MHz sampling rate (k is 1,2 or 4) when the Bluetooth receiver receives signals, and the time interval between each two adjacent sampling points is
As shown in FIG. 2, in the switching interval of the array antenna, the effective time of the antenna I/Q data sampling is 0.75 μ s interval from 1.125 μ s to 1.875 μ s within the 2 μ s sampling interval. The remaining time-sampled data points are considered invalid data points. In the signal reference period interval, the I/Q data sampling is completed by the same antenna continuous sampling, so that the I/Q data sampling is regarded as effective data points and can be fitted into a fixed-frequency sine wave.
At a k MHz sampling rate, an 8 μ s reference phase signal can sample up to 8k I/Q data points. Each I/Q data point is synthesized into echo complex data with amplitude and phase information, and formula can be used
The phase of the data point is calculated. The phases of the 8k I/Q data points are respectively recorded as:
calculating the phase difference between two adjacent data points and calculating the arithmetic mean phase difference
The theoretical phase difference of two adjacent I/Q sampling data points in the effective sampling time of the antenna switching interval
Comprises the following steps:
by using the difference between the theoretical phase difference and the actual phase difference, in this embodiment, the first effective I/Q data collected by the first antenna performing sampling in the antenna switching interval is used as a reference, and all subsequent effective I/Q data are compensated to different degrees according to different time intervals between different sampling points and the reference point:
wherein,
for the complex expression form of the sampled I/Q data, n is the data index, r represents the number of sampling points separated from the effective I/Q data sampling point and the datum point, i.e. the r-th sampling point after the data phase datum point (index is 1) contains all the data points which are effective and ineffective,
to add the compensated complex representation of the I/Q data.
To further explain the invention, an embodiment is provided to describe the application process of the invention in detail.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3, the bluetooth signal receiver adopts 8 patch antenna arrays and is uniformly arranged in a circle, the antenna switching and sampling time in the antenna switching interval respectively occupies 2 μ s, and the 8 antennas are sequentially activated clockwise and only activated once. To satisfy all antenna traversal 1 time, the bluetooth fixed frequency extension signal length is set to 48 μ s. The receiving end receiving data sampling rate is set to 4 MHz. The reference phase signal is sampled by antenna 1 for a total of 32I/Q data points. The phase difference between two actually adjacent sampling points is calculated by 32 data points. Each antenna samples 16I/Q data points during the antenna switching interval, wherein the 11 th to 14 th sampling points are considered as valid sampling points. Fig. 4 shows the first 72I/Q data points of a fixed-frequency spread signal, which include the reference-period signal sampling points and the partial antenna switching-interval signal sampling points. In this embodiment, the 11 th sampling point of each antenna is taken as the phase value when the signal reaches each antenna, where the 11 th sampling point of the first antenna is the phase reference point of all the sampled data. Since 16 sampling points are shared between the 11 th sampling point of the second antenna and the 11 th sampling point of the first antenna, r equals 16 when the 11 th sampling point of the second antenna is compensated, r equals 32 when the 11 th sampling point of the third antenna is compensated, and so on. And obtaining the phase data of 8 compensated I/Q sampling points by one fixed frequency spreading signal in total.
In this example, the incoming wave direction of the signal is right in front of the antenna array under the far field condition, and the theoretical phase difference of each antenna sampling point is 0. As shown in fig. 5, the theoretical phase difference between the effective sampling points of the antennas is always 0 with reference to the 11 th sampling point of the first antenna, which is indicated by a solid line. The phase without compensation added is indicated by the dotted line and the phase with compensation added is indicated by the dashed line. The phase after compensation is added is significantly closer to the theoretical phase value than the phase without compensation. The error between the phase without compensation and the theoretical phase is calculated by using the root mean square error and is 3.6921 radians, and the error between the phase after compensation is added to the estimated pitch angle value and the theoretical phase is 0.8213 radians. The theoretical pitch angle is 90 degrees, the pitch angle obtained when the phase data without compensation is used for pitch angle estimation is 74 degrees, the pitch angle obtained when the phase data with compensation is used for pitch angle estimation is 84 degrees, and the estimation precision of the angle of arrival is effectively improved.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for eliminating a carrier frequency offset error of a signal based on a bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period, so that in a working mode in which a receiver shares a single data channel in a time-sharing manner with multiple antennas, a phase error of sampled data caused by the carrier frequency offset is effectively eliminated, a recovery degree of the sampled data is improved, and an angle estimation accuracy of an angle of arrival algorithm of multiple signal classification and the like is further improved.
Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail and with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for eliminating signal carrier frequency offset based on Bluetooth fixed frequency extension reference period is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) a Bluetooth signal receiver with an antenna array performs carrier filtering and I/Q data sampling on a Bluetooth signal packet containing a fixed-frequency extension signal;
(2) synthesizing the I/Q two-path data of each sampling point of the reference period of the fixed frequency extended signal acquired in the step (1) into incoming wave data with amplitude and phase information, and utilizing a formula
Calculating the phase of each sampling point;
(3) calculating the phase difference of two adjacent sampling points according to the phase of each sampling point obtained in the step (2), and solving the average phase difference of all the phase differences obtained in the reference period;
(4) and (4) calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the array antenna switching interval in the fixed frequency extension signal by using the difference value between the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points calculated in the step (3) and the phase difference of the theoretical adjacent sampling points, correcting and compensating the phase of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the actual phase offset, and eliminating the carrier frequency offset.
2. The method for canceling carrier frequency offset error based on a fixed-frequency spreading signal reference period signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said bluetooth signal receiver having an antenna array, at least 2 antennas are used for receiving and sampling bluetooth signals containing fixed-frequency spreading signals in the channel; and after the reference period is finished, the array antenna starts to be switched and activated to sample in any mode of from left to right, from right to left, from top to bottom, from bottom to top, clockwise or anticlockwise.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixed frequency spread signal has a frequency of 250khz, a single active sampling time of a single receiving antenna of 4 μ s, and a sampling rate of I/Q data of a receiving channel of the bluetooth signal receiver is set to 1 mhz, 2 mhz or 4 mhz.
4. The method for removing carrier frequency offset error based on the fixed-frequency spreading signal reference period signal as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the array antenna switching interval in the fixed-frequency spreading signal specifically comprises:
selecting any sampling point in the fixed-frequency extension signal as a reference point, and calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the sampling time interval between each effective I/Q data sampling point and the reference point in the array antenna switching interval in the fixed-frequency extension signal, wherein the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point and the sampling time interval between each effective I/Q data sampling point and the reference point are in a linear relation.
5. The method for canceling carrier frequency offset error based on the fixed-frequency spread signal reference period signal as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step (4), the phase of each valid I/Q data sample point is compensated according to the actual phase offset correction as follows:
wherein,
for the complex expression of the nth I/Q data obtained by sampling, r represents the number of sampling points between the sampling point of the valid I/Q data and the reference point, and comprises all valid and invalid data points,
to add the compensated complex representation of the I/Q data.
Represents the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points,
representing the theoretical adjacent sample point phase difference.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reference point is the first valid I/Q data collected by the first antenna for sampling in the antenna switching interval.
7. A Bluetooth fixed frequency spread signal carrier frequency offset cancellation system based on the method of claims 1-6, comprising:
a fixed frequency extension signal data processing unit for synthesizing the received I/Q two-path data of each sampling point in the reference period of the fixed frequency extension signal into incoming wave data with amplitude and phase information, and using a formula
The phase of each sample point is calculated.
And the average phase difference calculating unit is used for calculating the phase difference of two adjacent sampling points according to the phase of each sampling point and solving the average phase difference of all the phase differences obtained in the reference period.
And the actual phase offset calculating unit is used for calculating the actual phase offset of each effective I/Q data sampling point in the switching interval of the array antenna in the fixed-frequency extended signal according to the difference value of the average phase difference of two adjacent sampling points and the phase difference of the theoretical adjacent sampling points.
And the phase compensation unit is used for correcting and compensating the phase of each effective I/Q data sampling point according to the actual phase offset.
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