CN113927033B - Composite forming method for dissimilar alloy by adopting powder metallurgy process - Google Patents
Composite forming method for dissimilar alloy by adopting powder metallurgy process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113927033B CN113927033B CN202010603572.4A CN202010603572A CN113927033B CN 113927033 B CN113927033 B CN 113927033B CN 202010603572 A CN202010603572 A CN 202010603572A CN 113927033 B CN113927033 B CN 113927033B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
- B22F3/1216—Container composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite forming method of dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process. The method reduces the production cost: the traditional chemical container is completely prepared from titanium alloy materials, has high cost and cannot be popularized and used on a large scale, and the invention combines a layer of titanium alloy on the stainless steel plate by mainly utilizing the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy technology, thereby not only reducing the cost and the weight, but also prolonging the service life of equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium alloy member manufacturing, and particularly relates to a composite forming method for dissimilar alloys by adopting a powder metallurgy process.
Background
Titanium alloy has been widely used in the fields of chemical containers, low-temperature containers and the like because of its excellent properties such as excellent corrosion resistance, high specific strength, good low-temperature performance and the like.
At present, a low-temperature corrosive container is generally prepared from titanium alloy, along with the increasing demands of market competition and saving of precious metal raw materials, a method for preparing a plate blank or forging materials and reprocessing the plate blank or forging materials into a container or special parts by completely adopting the titanium alloy cannot meet the demands of low cost, and innovation and improvement are needed in terms of forming methods and metal material saving. The hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy technology can encapsulate different materials through a sheath, and then hot isostatic pressing is carried out, so that the defects of metal can be pressed, the two-part structure of different materials can be completely in diffusion connection, the materials in direct contact with corrosive liquid can be selected to be titanium alloy, the non-contact metal is selected to be stainless steel, the production cost can be effectively reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a composite forming method for dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process, which mainly comprises the steps of welding a stainless steel plate and a DTG sheath, filling titanium alloy powder into the sheath, compacting the titanium alloy powder by utilizing a hot isostatic pressing process, and tightly combining the titanium alloy powder with the stainless steel plate. The technical problems solved by the method are as follows: the traditional chemical container is completely prepared from titanium alloy materials, has high cost and cannot be popularized and used on a large scale, and the invention combines a layer of titanium alloy on the stainless steel plate by mainly utilizing the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy technology, thereby not only reducing the cost and the weight, but also prolonging the service life of equipment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a composite forming method of dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath: combining, transferring and welding a stainless steel plate and a DTG plate sheath to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath;
filling TA1 alloy spherical powder with the granularity of 45-180 mu m into the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath obtained in the step one to obtain a powder filled plate sheath, vacuumizing at high temperature, and sealing and welding to obtain a high-pressure pump body forming sheath;
and thirdly, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the high-pressure pump body forming sheath, and removing the treated sheath by a mechanical processing or chemical dissolving method to obtain the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate.
In the first step, the DTG plate sheath is prepared from DTG low-carbon steel, and the DTG low-carbon steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.05 percent of carbon, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of nickel and the balance of iron.
In the first step, the wall thickness of the DTG plate sheath is 3-10 mm, and the wall thickness of the stainless steel plate is 5-20 mm. The wall thickness of the DTG plate is mainly determined according to the size of a part, and the wall thickness needs to be properly increased when the weight of the part is larger. The wall thickness of the stainless steel plate is the same, the larger the part is, the higher the strength requirement is, and the wall thickness needs to be properly thickened.
In the second step, TA1 alloy powder components are as follows: 0.02 to 0.05 percent of C, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of Fe, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of Si, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of N, 0.005 to 0.0125 percent of H, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of O and the balance of Ti.
The temperature in the second step is 300-400 ℃ and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 -3 Pa。
And in the third step, the hot isostatic pressing process condition is 910-940 ℃, the argon pressure is 120-140 MPa, the heat preservation is carried out for 2-3 hours, and the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃ and is discharged. The formula for chemical dissolution in the third step: the concentration of the mixed solution is 20 percent of nitric acid and the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.2 percent of hydrochloric acid, wherein the mass percent of the nitric acid solution is 80-95 percent, and the rest is hydrochloric acid solution.
The invention has the advantages that:
aiming at the requirements of low cost and corrosion resistance of chemical containers, the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate prepared by the process has the advantages of high internal quality, high surface quality and high performance, and simultaneously compared with other process methods, the quality is greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and if those skilled in the art make some insubstantial improvements and modifications in the present invention based on the above description, the invention still falls within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a composite forming method of dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process, which is implemented as follows:
step 1, preparing a raw material DTG low-carbon steel required by powder metallurgy plate sheath, wherein the raw material DTG low-carbon steel comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: carbon 0.02, silicon 0.1%, nickel 0.4% and the balance iron.
Step 2, preparing a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 5 mm.
And step 3, designing a DTG plate sheath, and processing the DTG plate sheath into a plate sheath with the wall thickness of 3 mm.
Step 4, combining and assembling the plate sheath processed in the step 3 with the plate sheath processed in the step 2, and welding to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath;
step 5, filling TA1 alloy spherical powder into the plate forming sheath obtained in the step 4, wherein the granularity of the spherical powder is 45-180 mu m;
TA1 alloy powder composition: 0.02% of C, 0.03% of Fe, 0.03% of Si, 0.03% of N, 0.0125% of H, 0.08% of O and the balance of Ti.
Step 6, the plate material filled with powder in the step 5 is sheathed, heated to 300 ℃ to 400 ℃ and vacuumized at high temperature, and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 -3 Pa, and then sealing and welding;
step 7, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the plate sheath subjected to seal welding in the step 6, wherein the hot isostatic pressing process is 910-940 ℃, the argon pressure is 120-140 MPa, the heat is preserved for 2-3 hours, and the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃ and is discharged;
and 8, removing the plate sheath after hot isostatic pressing by a mechanical processing or chemical dissolving method to obtain the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate component. The formula for chemical dissolution comprises the following components: the concentration of the mixed solution is 20 percent of nitric acid and the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.2 percent of hydrochloric acid, wherein the mass percent of the nitric acid solution is 80 percent, and the rest is hydrochloric acid solution.
Practical application:
the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate prepared by the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy process is used in nitric acid liquid under the pressure of 1MPa, the production cost of the product is reduced by 20% compared with that of the product which is completely prepared by using a TA1 plate, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Example 2
The invention provides a composite forming method of dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process, which is implemented as follows:
step 1, preparing a raw material DTG low-carbon steel required by powder metallurgy plate sheath, wherein the raw material DTG low-carbon steel comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: carbon 0.05%, silicon 0.3%, nickel 0.5%, and iron the balance; .
Step 2, preparing a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 5 mm.
And step 3, designing a DTG plate sheath, and processing the DTG plate sheath into a plate sheath with the wall thickness of 3 mm.
Step 4, combining and assembling the plate sheath processed in the step 3 with the plate sheath processed in the step 2, and welding to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath;
step 5, filling TA1 alloy spherical powder into the plate forming sheath obtained in the step 4, wherein the granularity of the spherical powder is 45-180 mu m;
TA1 alloy powder composition: 0.04% of C, 0.06% of Fe, 0.05% of Si, 0.04% of N, 0.008% of H, 0.06% of O and the balance of Ti.
Step 6, sheathing the plate filled with powder in the step 5, heating to 300-400 ℃, vacuumizing at high temperature, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 < -3 > Pa, and then sealing and welding;
step 7, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the plate sheath subjected to seal welding in the step 6, wherein the hot isostatic pressing process is 910-940 ℃, the argon pressure is 120-140 MPa, the heat is preserved for 2-3 hours, and the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃ and is discharged;
and 8, removing the plate sheath after hot isostatic pressing by a mechanical processing or chemical dissolving method to obtain the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate component. The formula for chemical dissolution comprises the following components: the concentration of the mixed solution is 20 percent of nitric acid and the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.2 percent of hydrochloric acid, wherein the mass percentage of the nitric acid solution is 95 percent, and the rest is hydrochloric acid solution.
Practical application:
the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate prepared by the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy process is used in nitric acid liquid under the pressure of 1MPa, the service life of equipment is prolonged by 300 days compared with that of the stainless steel plate completely used, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Example 3
The invention provides a composite forming method of dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process, which is implemented as follows:
step 1, preparing a raw material DTG low-carbon steel required by powder metallurgy plate sheath, wherein the raw material DTG low-carbon steel comprises the following materials in percentage by mass: carbon 0.03, silicon 0.3%, nickel 0.5% and iron the balance; .
Step 2, preparing a stainless steel plate with the thickness of 5 mm.
And step 3, designing a DTG plate sheath, and processing the DTG plate sheath into a plate sheath with the wall thickness of 3 mm.
Step 4, combining and assembling the plate sheath processed in the step 3 with the plate sheath processed in the step 2, and welding to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath;
step 5, filling TA1 alloy spherical powder into the plate forming sheath obtained in the step 4, wherein the granularity of the spherical powder is 45-180 mu m;
TA1 alloy powder composition: 0.03% of C, 0.05% of Fe, 0.04% of Si, 0.04% of N, 0.0125% of H, 0.07% of O and the balance of Ti.
Step 6, sheathing the plate filled with powder in the step 5, heating to 300-400 ℃, vacuumizing at high temperature, wherein the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 < -3 > Pa, and then sealing and welding;
step 7, performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the plate sheath subjected to seal welding in the step 6, wherein the hot isostatic pressing process is 910-940 ℃, the argon pressure is 120-140 MPa, the heat is preserved for 2-3 hours, and the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃ and is discharged;
and 8, removing the plate sheath after hot isostatic pressing by a mechanical processing or chemical dissolving method to obtain the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate component. The formula for chemical dissolution comprises the following components: the concentration of the mixed solution is 20 percent of nitric acid and the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.2 percent of hydrochloric acid, wherein the mass percent of the nitric acid solution is 85 percent, and the rest is hydrochloric acid solution.
Practical application:
the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate prepared by the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy process is used in nitric acid liquid under the pressure of 1MPa, and compared with the completely used stainless steel plate, the product maintenance period is prolonged by 100 days, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Claims (4)
1. A composite forming method for dissimilar alloy by adopting a powder metallurgy process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method adopts the hot isostatic pressing powder metallurgy technology to combine a layer of titanium alloy on the stainless steel plate to obtain the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate, and comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath: assembling and welding a stainless steel plate and a DTG plate sheath to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath; the DTG plate sheath is prepared from DTG low-carbon steel, and the DTG low-carbon steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.01 to 0.05 percent of carbon, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of silicon, 0.4 to 0.6 percent of nickel and the balance of iron;
filling TA1 alloy spherical powder with the granularity of 45-180 mu m into the titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate forming sheath obtained in the step one to obtain a powder filled plate sheath, vacuumizing at high temperature, and sealing and welding to obtain a high-pressure pump body forming sheath;
step three, carrying out hot isostatic pressing treatment on the high-pressure pump body forming sleeve, wherein the hot isostatic pressing process conditions are 910-940 ℃, the argon pressure is 120-140 MPa, the heat is preserved for 2-3 hours, and the furnace is cooled to below 300 ℃ and is discharged; removing the treated sheath by a chemical dissolution method to obtain a titanium alloy composite stainless steel plate; the formula for chemical dissolution comprises the following components: the concentration of the mixed solution is 20 percent of nitric acid and the concentration of the mixed solution is 0.2 percent of hydrochloric acid, wherein the mass percent of the nitric acid solution is 80-95 percent, and the rest is hydrochloric acid solution.
2. The composite forming method for dissimilar alloys by adopting a powder metallurgy process according to claim 1, wherein the composite forming method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the wall thickness of the DTG plate sheath is 3-10 mm, and the wall thickness of the stainless steel plate is 5-20 mm.
3. The composite forming method for dissimilar alloys by adopting a powder metallurgy process according to claim 1, wherein the composite forming method comprises the following steps: in the second step, TA1 alloy powder components are as follows: 0.02 to 0.05 percent of C, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of Fe, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of Si, 0.03 to 0.05 percent of N, 0.005 to 0.0125 percent of H, 0.03 to 0.08 percent of O and the balance of Ti.
4. The composite forming method for dissimilar alloys by adopting a powder metallurgy process according to claim 1, wherein the composite forming method comprises the following steps: the temperature in the second step is 300-400 ℃ and the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 10 -3 Pa。
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| AU4887796A (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-10-02 | Powdrex Limited | Stainless steel powders and articles produced therefrom by powder metallurgy |
| CN102554455B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2015-07-08 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Diffusion welding method for tungsten-titanium alloy target and copper alloy back plate |
| CN104889399B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-10-10 | 安泰科技股份有限公司 | The method that powder metallurgical technique prepares antifriction anticorrosion alloy pipe fitting |
| CN106312071B (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2019-05-10 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | The manufacturing method of tungsten titanium tube target |
| CN106513685B (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2019-09-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of nearly molten state hot isostatic pressing net-shape method of powder |
| CN109759593A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-05-17 | 浙江德立精密合金科技有限公司 | The method that powder metallurgical technique prepares antifriction anticorrosion alloy bar |
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