CN113853869A - Spray seeding agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Spray seeding agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113853869A CN113853869A CN202110955187.0A CN202110955187A CN113853869A CN 113853869 A CN113853869 A CN 113853869A CN 202110955187 A CN202110955187 A CN 202110955187A CN 113853869 A CN113853869 A CN 113853869A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/16—Films or sheets; Webs; Fibres
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a spray-seeding agent and application thereof. The spray-seeding agent comprises self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion, seeds and an aqueous medium. The spray-seeding agent has good wind erosion resistance effect in a low-temperature environment, has good soil retention effect after being washed by water, has high seed germination rate, is convenient to construct and is economical in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a spray-seeding agent and application thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, the earth resources are over developed and utilized, so that the earth environment is gradually worsened, the land desertification is serious, and the survival and development of human beings are damaged. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to how to increase the vegetation coverage and how to quickly establish and restore vegetation.
Common techniques for restoring vegetation include: the method has the advantages that the seeds are sprayed unevenly, the seeds are easily eaten by birds, vegetation grows slowly, and the erosion resistance to rainwater, strong wind and the like is poor; a foreign soil spray-seeding mode is characterized in that seeds are added into a matrix mixture comprising planting soil, fibers, a fertilizer, a water-retaining agent and the like by adopting mechanical equipment, and then large-area spray-seeding is carried out, so that grass is grown to form a lawn, the mode has the characteristics of labor saving and high efficiency, for example, patent document CN105993259A discloses a matrix material for ecological restoration of a gangue dump in a mining area. However, the foreign soil spray seeding matrix is mainly planting soil, and the anti-erosion capability still needs to be improved.
In the prior art, an emulsion spray seeding mode is adopted, water is used as a main carrier and a solvent, seeding, fertilizing and covering can be completed in one-time operation, the process flow of vegetation planting is greatly shortened, matched spray seeding materials can be sprayed to a ten-meter or even hundreds-meter highway slope by utilizing high-pressure equipment, and the problem of vegetation planting of a high slope and a steep high slope is solved. However, the water-soluble polymer compounds used for bonding in the existing emulsion are mainly polyvinyl alcohol, protein glue and the like, and the wind erosion resistance and the seed germination rate of the emulsion are still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a spray-seeding agent having a good low-temperature anti-weathering effect, a soil-retaining effect after water-washing, and a high seed germination rate, and the spray-seeding agent is convenient to construct and economical in cost.
Means for solving the problems
The invention comprises the following technical scheme:
[1] a spray seeding agent, wherein the spray seeding agent comprises a self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion, seeds and an aqueous medium;
the self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is selected from ketone hydrazine crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion.
[2] The spray-seeding agent according to [1], wherein the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is not higher than 5 ℃.
[3] The spray-seeding agent according to [1] or [2], wherein the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is-30 ℃ to 0 ℃.
[4] The spray-seeding agent according to any one of the technical schemes [1] to [3], wherein the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion accounts for 0.5 to 3 wt% of the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
[5] The spray-seeding agent according to any one of the technical schemes [1] to [4], wherein the solid content of the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is 40-60%.
[6] The spray-seeding agent according to any one of the technical schemes [1] to [5], wherein the mass of the seeds accounts for 0.1-1 wt% of the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
[7] The spray-seeding agent according to any one of the aspects [1] to [6], wherein,
the self-crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is mainly prepared by copolymerizing the following monomers:
(I) (meth) acrylic acid;
(II) one or more acrylate monomers having the general formula (1):
CH2＝CX-C(＝O)-O-Y (1)
in the general formula (1), X is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms;
(III) crosslinking monomer: a compound containing an active carbonyl group and a compound containing a hydrazide group;
the above-mentioned monomers account for more than 60 wt% of the total mass of the polymer monomers.
[8] The spray-seeding agent according to any one of the technical schemes [1] to [7], wherein the spray-seeding agent further comprises a fertilizer and a covering material.
[9] The spray seeding agent according to any one of the technical schemes [1] to [8], wherein the swelling ratio of a polymer film formed by self-crosslinking of the self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion in 2-butanone is 200-1200%.
[10] A construction method of a spray-seeding agent comprises the following steps: the spray seeding agent of any technical scheme from [1] to [9] is sprayed to an area to be greened by a spray seeding machine, and 1-3 kg of spray seeding liquid is sprayed to the area with the square meter of 1.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The soil surface sprayed with the spray-seeding agent provided by the invention can form a layer of moisture-retaining polymer protection bonding layer, the soil surface has a good low-temperature anti-weathering effect, and also has a good soil retention effect after being washed with water.
The above description does not disclose all embodiments of the present invention and all advantages of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. In other instances, methods, means, devices and steps which are well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
In the present specification, the numerical range represented by "numerical value a to numerical value B" means a range including the end point numerical value A, B. In the present specification, the meaning of "may" includes both the meaning of performing a certain process and the meaning of not performing a certain process. In this specification, "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
In the present specification, references to "some specific/preferred embodiments," "other specific/preferred embodiments," "technical solutions," "embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, property, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the described elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments.
The term "comprises" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, or system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The use of the terms "a" and "an" and "the" and similar referents in the context of describing the invention (especially in the context of the following claims) are to be construed to cover both the singular and the plural, unless otherwise indicated herein or clearly contradicted by context.
In the present invention, "(meth) acrylate" means "acrylate and/or methacrylate", and "(meth) acrylic acid" means "acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid". The same other expressions also have the same meanings as those of the above.
As used herein, "emulsion" refers to a stable suspension of an immiscible liquid and/or solid dispersed and held in another liquid by means of a surfactant.
< spray-seeding agent >
The invention provides a spray-seeding agent, which comprises a self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion, seeds, an aqueous medium and optional other components. The above components may be used alone in 1 kind, or in combination of 2 or more kinds. Hereinafter, each component will be described in turn.
Self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion
The self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is a (meth) acrylic resin emulsion in which polymer chains are self-crosslinked to form a network structure during film formation. Generally, the polymer is prepared by introducing a crosslinking group or a crosslinking system into an acrylic resin molecule, and when the (meth) acrylic resin is dried to form a film, a polymer having a network structure is generated by a reaction between the crosslinking groups. Preferably, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is selected from room temperature self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsions, and room temperature self-crosslinking means that the emulsion is crosslinked during a film forming process at room temperature, and further preferably, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is a single-component room temperature self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion. Compared with non-self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate, the self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate has higher elastic modulus, and the seed germination rate of the spray prepared from the self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate is higher. Compared with conventional polyvinyl alcohol, protein glue and the like, the spray seeding agent prepared by using the self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is convenient to use, low in cost and good in water resistance, and can obviously improve the low-temperature wind erosion resistance of soil and the soil retention performance after water washing.
The poly (meth) acrylate emulsions of the present invention are obtained primarily (i.e., greater than 50 weight percent) by emulsion polymerization of (meth) acrylic acid and its ester monomers, and optionally other copolymerizable monomers. Preferably at least 60 wt.%, more preferably at least 80 wt.% of C1 to C10 alkyl (meth) acrylates and optionally other monomers. Further preferred are C1 to C8 alkyl (meth) acrylates, examples being methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate. Other optionally copolymerizable monomers are, for example, vinyl esters of carboxylic acids having up to 20 carbon atoms, vinyl aromatics having up to 20 carbon atoms, ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, vinyl halides, vinyl ethers of alcohols having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic hydrocarbons having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and one or two double bonds, or mixtures of these monomers. Examples of the vinyl aromatic compound include vinyl toluene, α -methylstyrene and p-methylstyrene, α -butylstyrene and 4-n-butylstyrene, 4-n-decylstyrene, and preferably styrene. Examples of nitriles are acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. The vinyl halides are chlorine-, fluorine-or bromine-substituted ethylenically unsaturated compounds, preferably vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride. Examples of vinyl ethers include vinyl methyl ether or vinyl isobutyl ether. Other optionally copolymerizable monomers also include ethylenically unsaturated free-radically polymerizable acid monomers, (meth) acrylamides, and hydroxyl-containing monomers, examples including itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids, and C1-C10 hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates. In some embodiments, other optionally copolymerizable monomers may also be phenoxyethyl ethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and amino (meth) acrylates such as 2-aminoethyl (meth) acrylate. Monomers which, in addition to the double bond, also have other functional groups, such as isocyanate-, amino-, hydroxyl-, amido-or glycidyl groups, can have the effect of, for example, improving adhesion.
The self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is prepared by introducing a crosslinking group or a crosslinking system into the poly (meth) acrylate emulsion. The self-crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is selected from ketone hydrazine crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion, and hydrazone with high yield can be obtained at room temperature by utilizing the reaction of a hydrazide group and a compound with an active carbonyl group under the acid pickling condition, so that the room-temperature self-crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is prepared. Among them, the compounds containing an active carbonyl group are exemplified by diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate (AAEM); the hydrazide group-containing compound may be exemplified by oxalic acid dihydrazide, maleic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide and the like, and adipic acid dihydrazide is preferably used in view of water resistance and mechanical properties of the film.
The self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is prepared by emulsifying the monomers in water in the presence of a polymerization initiator and an emulsifier, and stirring for 1-12 hours at 70-80 ℃ to copolymerize the monomers. The polymerization initiator may use an inorganic peroxide initiator such as ammonium persulfate or sodium persulfate APS/NAPS. The polymerization initiator is used in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the total polymerizable monomers. As the emulsifier, various anionic, cationic or nonionic emulsifiers can be used, and the amount of the emulsifier is in the range of 0.1 to 3 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the monomer. In the polymerization, a chain transfer agent may be used. The molecular weight of the component (A) and the component (B) may be varied depending on the amount of the chain transfer agent used. Examples of the chain transfer agent include lauryl mercaptan, thiol group-containing compounds such as mercaptoethanol and thioglycerol, and inorganic salts such as sodium hypophosphite and sodium hydrogen phosphite. The amount of the chain transfer agent to be used may be in the range of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight, for example, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomers. The polymerization may be random copolymerization or segmented polymerization. The addition of the comonomer can be carried out in one batch or can be carried out continuously. In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention has a solid content of 40% to 60%, and further has a solid content of 45% to 55%. The self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention may be commercially available (for example, a commercially available product of type BL-D009 (Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd)) or may be self-produced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the present inventors have found that the use of a self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion having a glass transition temperature of not higher than 5 ℃ can significantly improve the balance between the dust-out suppressing effect of the spray-seeding agent and the germination rate of seeds. Wherein the glass transition temperature is obtained by measurement using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is-40 to 5 ℃, further-30 to 0 ℃, for obtaining a better seed germination rate and a lower low-temperature soil weathering rate or soil retention effect after water washing. Too low glass transition temperature can weaken the dust suppression effect of the spray seeding agent, and too high glass transition temperature can increase the hardness of the crust layer and reduce the germination rate of seeds.
Furthermore, the invention also provides the application of the self-crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion in the spray-seeding agent, wherein the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking type poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is not higher than 5 ℃. Further, the application is suitable for spraying and dust suppression in low temperature environment (room temperature is lower than 20 ℃, and further lower than 10 ℃).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention is formed by copolymerizing:
(I) (meth) acrylic acid;
(II) one or more acrylate monomers having the general formula (1):
CH2＝CX-C(＝O)-O-Y (1)
in the general formula (1), X is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms;
(III) crosslinking monomer: a compound containing an active carbonyl group and a compound containing a hydrazide group.
The above monomer accounts for 60 wt% or more, further 80 wt% or more, further 100 wt% of the total mass of the polymer monomer. In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the crosslinking monomer is 0.3 to 5 wt%, and further 0.5 to 4 wt% based on the total mass of the polymer monomers. Further, in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the compound containing a reactive carbonyl group is selected from diacetone acrylamide and the compound containing a hydrazide group is selected from adipic acid dihydrazide. In other embodiments, the monomers further optionally include one or more vinyl aromatic monomers and/or (meth) acrylamides. Weight average molecular weight (M) of the polymer obtained by polymerizationw) Usually 20 to 40 ten thousand, and usually measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography).
The self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion has the characteristics of moderate viscosity and curing strength, is very easy to dilute by water, can be sprayed on the surface of soil, and can be quickly crosslinked, formed into a film and cured. In addition, the product is an environment-friendly green product, and has excellent weather resistance, water resistance, acid and alkali resistance and corrosion resistance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention accounts for 0.5 to 3 wt%, further 1 to 2.5 wt% of the total mass of the spray seeding agent. If the content of the emulsion is too low, the adhesive consolidation is likely to be affected and a good spray effect cannot be obtained, and if the content of the emulsion is too high, the production cost is increased.
Seed of corn
The spray-seeding agent of the present invention includes seeds. The type of seed is not particularly limited in the present invention, as long as it is suitable for local vegetation growth. In some embodiments of the present invention, the seeds are selected from flowers, grasses, shrubs and/or trees, and more preferably, the seeds are selected from grasses and/or shrubs with fast germination and strong rooting ability, and the combination of grasses and shrubs is favorable for establishing a stereoscopic vegetation community, thereby realizing a multi-level advantageous combination. Furthermore, the seeds can be one or more of reed, lespedeza, amorpha fruticosa, sophora arenaria, bermudagrass, artemisia desertorum, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, alfalfa, blue grass, and elymus nutans. In some embodiments of the invention, the seed may be used after germination.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the seed mass is 0.1 to 1 wt% of the total mass of the spray seeding agent of the present invention. The amount of seeds is related to the spray area, and the mass of different types of seeds is greatly different, generally, the amount of seeds is 3-30 g/m2。
Aqueous medium
The aqueous medium of the present invention includes a medium composed of only water and a medium containing an organic solvent (usually a water-soluble organic solvent) in addition to water. The water-soluble organic solvent may be ethylene glycol, and the aqueous medium is preferably a medium composed of only water. The amount of the aqueous medium is 50 to 98 wt%, for example 80 to 95 wt%, based on the total mass of the spray-seeding agent. In some embodiments of the invention, the "aqueous medium" is selected from tap water or farm irrigation water.
Optional other ingredients
In some embodiments of the invention, the spray of the invention further comprises a fertilizer in order to provide nutrition to the plant. The fertilizer is selected from organic fertilizer and/or compound inorganic fertilizer. Examples of the organic fertilizer include decomposed and fermented animal waste, and examples of the compound inorganic fertilizer include compound nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. In some embodiments of the invention, the fertilizer is used in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 wt%, further 0.1 to 0.4 wt%, relative to the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the emergence rate and survival rate of the seeds, a certain covering material, such as wood fiber, wheat straw, paper pulp, etc., can be added into the spray seeding agent, which can provide good covering conditions for plants. The amount of the coating material can be selected according to actual needs. In some embodiments of the present invention, the amount of the coating material is 1 to 20 wt%, further 5 to 15 wt%, based on the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spray may further comprise a water retention agent. The water-retaining agent may be exemplified by polyacrylamide-based water-retaining agents (e.g., acrylamide-acrylate copolymer cross-linked polymers) which have a relatively long useful life in soil, are non-toxic and harmless, repeatedly release water and absorb water, have high water absorbability, provide moisture required for seed germination, and regulate a water environment required for plant growth at a later stage of plant growth. The amount of the water retaining agent can be selected according to actual needs.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the spraying agent may further include a small amount of planting soil, porous particles and/or distiller's grains, etc., to increase air permeability and adsorptivity, thereby facilitating germination and growth of seeds.
The preparation method of the spray-seeding agent comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the components in a conventional mode and fully stirring to prepare the spray-seeding agent. In some embodiments of the present invention, the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion of the present invention self-crosslinks to form a polymer film having a swelling ratio of 200% to 1200% in 2-butanone. The present inventors have found that a spray seeding agent comprising a self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion having the aforementioned swelling ratio has a relatively better soil retention effect after water washing. Further, the swelling ratio is 250% to 600%, and further 300% to 500%.
< method for applying spray-seeding agent >
The invention also provides a construction method of the spray-seeding agent, which comprises the following steps: the spray-seeding agent is sprayed and sown to the area to be greened through a spray-seeding machine. The spray seeding agent is convenient and fast to construct, is economical in cost, can realize high germination rate and good anti-weathering effect of seeds under low application amount, can obtain the effect only by spraying once, improves the production efficiency, can spray and seed ten thousand square meters daily under the condition of permission of weather and other conditions, and greatly reduces the manpower action. In some embodiments of the present invention, 1 to 3kg of the spray liquid is sprayed in 1 square meter of the area.
The spray-seeding machine can be used by conventional high-pressure spray-seeding equipment. Depending on local climatic and environmental characteristics, the spray may be in the range of 3-5 months per year, and in some preferred embodiments of the invention, the spray of the invention may also be suitable for spray in low temperature environments, and thus the spray of the invention may also be used in the 2 or 11 months per year.
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples, comparative examples and synthetic examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Examples
Example 1
The self-crosslinking polyacrylate emulsion, the seeds and various auxiliaries are sequentially added into tap water, and the spray-seeding agent is prepared according to the parts by weight shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 spray-seeding agent formulation
Wherein BL-D009 is obtained from Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd, has a solid content of 48% and a glass transition temperature of-28 deg.C (measured by DSC, the same shall apply hereinafter);
BL-D70 was obtained from Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd, and had a solid content of 48% and a glass transition temperature of-10 ℃;
BL-D009E was obtained from Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd, and had a solid content of 48% and a glass transition temperature of-42 ℃;
BL-168M is purchased from Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd, the solid content is 48%, and the glass transition temperature is 0 ℃;
BL-J300 is purchased from Shanghai Bilin chemical technology Co., Ltd, has a solid content of 48 percent and a glass transition temperature of 5 ℃;
RobondTM70D was purchased from Dow chemical Co., Ltd, and had a solid content of 50% and a glass transition temperature of-10 ℃;
the hundred moles 155 are available from the Dow chemical company Limited at 48% solids and have a glass transition temperature of 5 ℃.
(evaluation of characteristics)
The dust suppression effect of the spray-seeding agents obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 (evaluation of seed germination, evaluation of soil retention effect after low-temperature soil wind erosion rate and water washing) was measured and evaluated. The results are shown in Table 3.
< evaluation of seed Germination >
120g of the spray-seeding agent prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was uniformly sprayed on an experimental tray, the size of the experimental tray was 20X 30X 5cm, and the soil was flush with the edge of the experimental tray to keep the soil moist. The experimental tray was swept horizontally for 30 minutes at noon daily using a blower at a face wind speed of 15 m/s. The fan is 5cm away from the upper part of the experiment disc, and the wind direction is parallel to the experiment disc. The number of seeds germinated after 15 days was recorded.
< Low temperature soil wind erosion Rate >
120g of the spray-seeding dust suppressant prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was uniformly sprayed onto an experimental disc, the size of the experimental disc was 20 × 30 × 5cm, the soil was flush with the edge of the experimental disc, the experimental disc was placed in an environment at 0 ℃ for drying for 14 days, the initial mass of the experimental disc plus the soil was measured, the mass of the experimental disc plus the soil after the wind erosion experiment was measured again after blowing at a wind speed of 15 m/s for 30 minutes (the fan was 5cm above the experimental disc, the wind direction was parallel to the experimental disc), and the wind erosion rate of the low-temperature soil was calculated. The low-temperature soil wind erosion rate is (initial mass of the experimental tray plus soil-mass of the experimental tray plus soil after the wind erosion experiment)/(mass of soil in the experimental tray).
< evaluation of soil Retention Effect after Water washing >
120g of the spray-seeding dust suppressant prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was uniformly sprayed onto an experimental disc, the size of the experimental disc was 20 × 30 × 5cm, the soil was flush with the edge of the experimental disc, the experimental disc was left to dry for 3 days in a room temperature environment, the initial mass of the experimental disc added with the soil was measured, after being sprayed with simulated rainwater by a shower at an inclination angle of 30 degrees for 10 minutes, the water flow direction was along the experimental disc, the water flow rate was 300 g/min, the mass of the experimental disc added with the soil after water flush was measured after drying, and the soil loss rate after water flush was calculated. The soil loss rate after water washing is (initial mass of the experiment plate added with soil-mass of the experiment plate added with soil after water washing)/(mass of soil in the experiment plate).
< swelling ratio >
The emulsions used in examples 2 and 5 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were formed into polymer films having a thickness of about 1mm, respectively, and naturally dried for 7 days; then, the polymer film was subjected to a 2-butanone swelling ratio test by a gravimetric method, and the test results are shown in table 2. The specific steps of the 2-butanone swelling ratio test are as follows:
cutting the dried polymer film into sample strips with the size of 10mm multiplied by 20mm, weighing the mass (marked as G1) of the sample strips, putting the sample strips into a container, immersing the sample in butanone, and hermetically soaking the sample strips for 24 hours at normal temperature; then, the butanone on the surface of the sample is sucked off by a filter paper or a napkin, and the mass is immediately weighed (G2); then, the 2-butanone swelling ratio of the polymer film was calculated according to the equation of the Equilibrium Swelling Ratio (ESR)%, G2/G1 × 100.
TABLE 2 swelling ratio of Polymer membranes
| Polymer film | Example 2 | Example 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| 2-butanone swelling ratio% | 600 | 400 | >2000 | 1500 |
TABLE 3 evaluation of seed germination and soil Retention after Water washing
It can be seen from tables 2 and 3 that the spray-seeding agent of the present invention can achieve a high seed germination rate at a low application rate and also has a low-temperature soil wind erosion rate and a low soil loss rate after water washing, which indicates that the spray-seeding agent of the present invention can still continuously exert a dust suppression effect in a low-temperature environment, can resist rain washing, and reduces the probability that seeds are washed away by rain.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as limitations of the present invention, and modifications, variations and changes of the above embodiments are within the scope of the present invention as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The spray seeding agent is characterized by comprising a self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion, seeds and an aqueous medium;
the self-crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion is selected from ketone hydrazine crosslinking poly (methyl) acrylate emulsion.
2. The spray according to claim 1, wherein the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is not higher than 5 ℃.
3. The spray according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the glass transition temperature of the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is from-30 ℃ to 0 ℃.
4. The spray-seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion accounts for 0.5 to 5 wt% of the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
5. The spray-seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the self-crosslinking poly (meth) acrylate emulsion has a solid content of 40% to 60%.
6. The spray-seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass of the seeds is 0.1 to 1 wt% of the total mass of the spray-seeding agent.
7. The spray-seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion is prepared by copolymerizing:
(I) (meth) acrylic acid;
(II) one or more acrylate monomers having the general formula (1):
CH2＝CX-C(＝O)-O-Y (1)
in the general formula (1), X is a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and Y is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms;
(III) crosslinking monomer: a compound containing an active carbonyl group and a compound containing a hydrazide group;
the above-mentioned monomers account for more than 60 wt% of the total mass of the polymer monomers.
8. The spray-seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the spray-seeding agent further comprises a fertilizer and a mulch.
9. The spray seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the swelling ratio of the polymer film formed by self-crosslinking of the self-crosslinking type poly (meth) acrylate emulsion in 2-butanone is 200% to 1200%.
10. The construction method of the spray seeding agent is characterized by comprising the following steps: the spray seeding agent according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is sprayed to an area to be greened through a spray seeding machine, and 1 to 3kg of spray seeding liquid is sprayed to the area with 1 square meter.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113943550A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-18 | 大同昌盛化工有限公司 | Dust suppressant and application thereof |
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