CN113826892A - Composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms and preparation method - Google Patents
Composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113826892A CN113826892A CN202111091372.6A CN202111091372A CN113826892A CN 113826892 A CN113826892 A CN 113826892A CN 202111091372 A CN202111091372 A CN 202111091372A CN 113826892 A CN113826892 A CN 113826892A
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- dietary fiber
- composition
- bile acid
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Images
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composition comprises 30-60 parts of ultrafine tea powder and 20-60 parts of dietary fiber, and the dietary fiber consists of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber. According to the invention, tea powder, soluble dietary fiber and non-soluble dietary fiber are proportioned according to a certain proportion and form a special physical structure through pretreatment, so that the content of the secondary bile acid DCA in the intestinal tract is reduced, and the effect of directionally regulating and controlling the bile acid is achieved; the intestinal flora is adjusted, the ratio of Firmicutes/bacterioides (F/B) is reduced, and the health of a host is facilitated; the dissolving property of the tea powder is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composition, in particular to a tea powder dietary fiber composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Bile acid is the main component of bile, and is the most important material basis for playing the physiological functions of bile participating in the digestion and absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins, regulating intestinal flora, maintaining intestinal mucosa barrier function and the like. The bile acid is mainly divided into primary bile acid (cholic acid CA and chenodeoxycholic acid CDCA) and secondary bile acid (deoxycholic acid DCA and lithocholic acid LCA), the primary bile acid is synthesized in liver, cholesterol is used as raw material, hydrophobic primary bile acid generated in liver can be covalently modified by glycine or taurine to form cholate, water solubility is increased, and toxicity is reduced; the intestinal flora in the intestinal cavity can release free bile acid under the catalysis of bile salt hydrolase BSH, and then the free bile acid is converted by bacteria containing 7 alpha-dehydrogenase to generate secondary bile acid. More than 95% of bile acid discharged into the intestinal tract is reabsorbed to carry out enterohepatic circulation, wherein active reabsorption of conjugated bile acid in the ileum part is mainly used, free bile acid in the intestinal tract is passively reabsorbed in small intestine and colon by diffusion, only 5% of bile acid is discharged from excrement, and secondary bile acid is mainly used.
The dietary fiber has the capacity of adsorbing substances such as cholesterol, fat, bile acid and the like, can increase the excretion of bile acid in excrement and can enhance the conversion of the cholesterol into the bile acid, and the in vitro experiment related to the prior literature patent usually evaluates the adsorption performance of the dietary fiber on the bile acid by adsorbing sodium cholate (the granted patent CN107173818A, the document 'the adsorption performance of the potato dietary fiber on the cholesterol and the study on the dynamics'). The toxicity of bile acid is positively correlated with its hydrophobicity, the stronger the hydrophobicity, the greater the toxicity, the more hydrophobic the secondary bile acid is than the primary bile acid, and it has high toxicity, among which deoxycholic acid (DCA) is proved to have the effect of promoting cancer development, lithocholic acid (LCA) can cause insulin resistance.
Tea powder well retains many functional components of tea, but tea polyphenol and caffeine often cause the tea powder to have strong bitter and astringent taste. Ultrafine tea powder particles are fine and are slowly dissolved in water, and when the ultrafine tea powder particles are directly mixed with other ingredients, on one hand, the ultrafine tea powder particles are difficult to mix uniformly due to particle size difference, so that obvious layering is caused, and on the other hand, the solubility of finished powder is poor.
Description of the invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the composition for regulating and controlling the specific bile acid based on the intestinal microorganisms is characterized by comprising 30-60 parts of ultramicro tea powder and 20-60 parts of dietary fiber, wherein the dietary fiber consists of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber.
Further, the mass ratio of the soluble dietary fiber to the insoluble dietary fiber is 3:1-5: 1.
Further, the soluble dietary fibers include, but are not limited to, pectin, beta-glucan, galactomannan, inulin, resistant dextrin, algin; the insoluble dietary fiber is any one of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
Further, the composition also comprises 10-25 parts of functional sugar substitute, wherein the functional sugar substitute comprises one or more of xylitol, arabinose, erythritol and psicose.
Further, the functional sugar substitute is prepared by compounding xylitol and L-arabinose, wherein the weight part of the xylitol is 5-10 parts, and the weight part of the L-arabinose is 5-15 parts.
Further, the specific bile acid is intestinal secondary bile acid DCA.
The preparation method of the composition for regulating and controlling the specific bile acid based on the intestinal microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) soaking 30-60 parts of ultrafine tea powder in hot water of 70-90 ℃ for 0.5-1h, and simultaneously mechanically stirring at a constant speed of 30-90rpm to obtain tea powder liquid;
2) dissolving 20-60 parts of dietary fiber in water at 90-110 deg.C, mechanically stirring at constant temperature for 1-1.5 hr at 50-80rpm to obtain dietary fiber solution;
3) pouring the tea powder liquid obtained in the step 1) into the dietary fiber solution obtained in the step 2), keeping the temperature at 90 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-80rpm to ensure that the two solutions are fully contacted;
4) stirring and mixing evenly for 2-5h, and then adding 10-25 parts of functional sugar substitutes to prepare a mixed solution;
5) the mixed solution is sprayed and dried to prepare the composition, the drying condition is that the inlet temperature is 140-200 ℃, the outlet temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 1.8-3.0L/h.
According to the invention, tea powder, soluble dietary fiber and non-soluble dietary fiber are proportioned according to a certain proportion and form a special physical structure through pretreatment, so that the content of the secondary bile acid DCA in the intestinal tract is reduced, and the effect of directionally regulating and controlling the bile acid is achieved; the intestinal flora is adjusted, the ratio of Firmicutes/bacterioides (F/B) is reduced, and the health of a host is facilitated; the dissolving property of the tea powder is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the immersion time of samples for different treatment regimes;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relative abundance of intestinal flora at the phylum level in each colon segment;
fig. 3 shows the F/B changes in intestinal flora (0.0001 < P <0.0005, P < 0.0001) for each colon segment;
FIG. 4 shows the change in the concentration of short chain fatty acids in each colon segment (propionic acid: P <0.001 # #, butyric acid: 0.0001< P <0.0005 #);
FIG. 5 is a diagram: the CA and DCA concentrations varied for each colon segment.
Detailed Description
The composition of the invention is used for directionally regulating and controlling the secondary bile acid DCA of specific bile acid.
Another object of the present invention is to maintain the original flavor of tea powder while properly reducing bitterness and astringency by only pretreatment while increasing the solubility of tea powder.
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific example 1.
Example 1
1) Soaking 54 parts of ultrafine tea powder in hot water at 90 ℃ for 0.5 h, and simultaneously mechanically stirring at a constant speed of 90 rpm;
2) dissolving 36 parts of dietary fiber in water with the temperature of 90 ℃, and mechanically stirring for 1 hour at constant temperature and the rotating speed of 60 rpm. Wherein the ratio of the soluble dietary fiber to the insoluble dietary fiber is 5:1, wherein the soluble dietary fiber is resistant dextrin, and the insoluble dietary fiber is microcrystalline cellulose;
3) pouring the solution obtained in the step 1) into the solution obtained in the step 2), and stirring at the rotating speed of 60 rpm at the temperature of 90 ℃ to ensure that the two solutions are fully contacted;
4) stirring and mixing evenly for 3 h, adding 10 parts of functional sugar substitutes, 5 parts of xylitol and 5 parts of L-arabinose, and mixing evenly;
5) and (3) carrying out spray drying on the solution obtained in the step 4) to obtain the composition, wherein the drying conditions are set to be 160 ℃ at the inlet temperature, 60 ℃ at the outlet temperature and 2.5L/h at the feeding rate.
Example 2
Treating 54 parts of ultramicro tea powder, 36 parts of dietary fiber (the ratio of soluble dietary fiber to insoluble dietary fiber is 5:1, the soluble dietary fiber is resistant dextrin, the insoluble dietary fiber is microcrystalline cellulose) and 10 parts of functional sugar (5 parts of sugar alcohol and 5 parts of L-arabinose) by adopting a 3D (three-dimensional) uniformly mixing mode for later use.
Experimental example 1: measurement of wetting Properties of finally obtained products
50 ml of water were added to a 10 cm-diameter dish, and 0.1g of each of the compositions prepared in examples 1 and 2 was added thereto, and the time taken for the compositions to be wetted with water was measured and the measurement was repeated 3 times, and the results are shown in FIG. 1, from which FIG. 1: the wetting time of the sample obtained in example 1 is significantly lower than that of example 2, which shows that the dissolution time can be significantly reduced and the dissolution performance can be improved after simple pretreatment.
Experimental example 2: in vitro simulated fermentation experiment
3 fermentation tanks of ascending colon, transverse colon and descending colon sequentially simulate the intestinal tract of human colon to be connected in series, the volumes of fermentation liquids are respectively 300ml, 450 ml and 300ml, and fecal microorganisms are respectively inoculated into the 3 fermentation tanks in an inoculation amount of 10%. The pH automatic control system supplements dilute NaOH solution and HCl solution to adjust the fermentation pH, and the fermentation temperature is kept constant at 37 ℃ by a heating and condensing system. To control the anaerobic environment of the fermentation, nitrogen was introduced into each fermenter every morning, noon and evening. After 24h of inoculation culture, 300ml of nutrients were replenished and discharged daily. After 7 days of stabilization, 30ml of simulated digestion of 100g/l of the tea powder dietary fiber solution prepared in example 1 was added to a feed tank every day, and fermented for 6 days, and fermentation broths of D0 and D6 were collected and samples were stored at low temperature. 16S rRNA sequencing is used for analyzing the composition of intestinal flora of a sample, HPLC is used for determining the content of organic acid, and LC-MS is used for analyzing the content of secondary bile acid. The results are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
The tea powder dietary fiber composition significantly affected the abundance of intestinal flora in the colon, with a significant increase in bacteroidetes and a decrease in proteobacteria, as shown in fig. 2. The Firmicutes/bacterioides (F/B) ratio is often considered to be closely related to obesity, and as can be seen in FIG. 3, the tea powder dietary fiber composition is able to significantly reduce the F/B value of the colon, which is considered more beneficial for health. As shown in fig. 4-5, the tea powder dietary fiber composition significantly reduced propionic acid and butyric acid levels in the ascending colon, and had a lowering effect on the secondary bile acid DCA in each segment of the colon, with the most significant effect of ascending colon, having a relatively small modulating effect on the primary bile acid CA, and the increased CA level in the D6 ascending colon, probably due to inhibition of the conversion of primary bile acid to secondary bile acid. It is known that reabsorption of bile acids occurs mainly at the terminal ileum, closest to the ascending colon, and therefore it is believed that changes in the abundance of intestinal flora lead to changes in the content of short-chain organic acids produced, thereby mediating a decrease in the secondary bile acids DCA.
Claims (7)
1. A composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms is characterized by comprising 30-60 parts of ultrafine tea powder and 20-60 parts of dietary fiber, wherein the dietary fiber consists of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber.
2. The composition for regulating specific bile acids based on intestinal microorganisms of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the soluble dietary fiber and the insoluble dietary fiber is 3:1-5: 1.
3. The composition for gut-based microbial regulation of specific bile acids of claim 1 wherein said soluble dietary fiber includes but is not limited to pectin, β -glucan, galactomannan, inulin, resistant dextrin, algin; the insoluble dietary fiber is any one of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises 10-25 parts of a functional sugar substitute, wherein the functional sugar substitute comprises one or more of xylitol, arabinose, erythritol, and psicose.
5. The composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms as claimed in claim 4, wherein the functional sugar substitute is a combination of xylitol and L-arabinose, and the weight part of the xylitol is 5-10 parts, and the weight part of the L-arabinose is 5-15 parts.
6. A composition for the gut-based microbial modulation of specific bile acids according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the specific bile acid is the gut secondary bile acid DCA.
7. A preparation method of a composition for regulating and controlling specific bile acid based on intestinal microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) soaking 30-60 parts of ultrafine tea powder in hot water of 70-90 ℃ for 0.5-1h, and simultaneously mechanically stirring at a constant speed of 30-90rpm to obtain tea powder liquid;
2) dissolving 20-60 parts of dietary fiber in water at 90-110 deg.C, mechanically stirring at constant temperature for 1-1.5 hr at 50-80rpm to obtain dietary fiber solution;
3) pouring the tea powder liquid obtained in the step 1) into the dietary fiber solution obtained in the step 2), keeping the temperature at 90 ℃, and stirring at the rotating speed of 50-80rpm to ensure that the two solutions are fully contacted;
4) stirring and mixing evenly for 2-5h, and then adding 10-25 parts of functional sugar substitutes to prepare a mixed solution;
5) the mixed solution is sprayed and dried to prepare the composition, the drying condition is that the inlet temperature is 140-200 ℃, the outlet temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the feeding rate is controlled to be 1.8-3.0L/h.
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