CN113791170A - Cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method - Google Patents
Cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method. Wherein, the device includes: the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an ablation sample, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially superposed; the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas; and the gas analyzer is used for detecting the components and the content of the gas. The application solves the technical problem that the gasification law in the actual operation cable is not clear in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of cables, in particular to a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method.
Background
In the actual manufacturing, transporting, installing and operating processes of the high-voltage power cable, the high-voltage power cable is inevitably subjected to external extrusion, distortion, even excessive bending and the like, so that an aluminum sheath in the power cable is in interference contact or poor contact with a buffer layer. Such uneven contact causes unevenness in leakage current flowing in the buffer layer, causes ablation deterioration of the buffer layer locally, and forms ablation white spots on the surfaces of the buffer layer, the aluminum sheath, and the insulating shield layer. In addition, moisture may enter the power cable during production, storage and operation of the cable. Under the environment with moisture, the buffer layer can lead the aluminum sheath to generate electrochemical corrosion and generate ablation white spots. It is generally considered that the component of ablation white spots is Na2CO3、Na2HCO3And Al2O3White powdery substances cause high resistance connection between the corrugated aluminum sheath of the high-voltage cable and the buffer layer, excessive heating and even partial discharge are easily caused, normal operation of the cable is seriously damaged, power cable faults are easily caused, and a large amount of economic loss is caused.
There is currently a common knowledge of the ablation mechanism of the buffer layer, namely the above-mentioned uneven contact of the aluminum jacket with the buffer layer, and the electrochemical corrosion of the aluminum jacket caused by the cable being wetted. However, the condition threshold for causing the cable buffer layer to be ablated is not clear at present, so that the current fault detection technology for the cable buffer layer is difficult to break through. Therefore, the physical and chemical mechanism and condition threshold of the cable buffer layer ablation fault caused by simulation of the actual cable operation condition and fine research are needed, so that an effective and feasible actual cable ablation fault detection method is provided.
The current research systems for simulating the ablation of the buffer layer focus on the change of the parameters of the buffer layer sample, such as resistivity, weight and the like. These parameters are difficult to measure in the cable in actual operation, so the law obtained by the existing ablation simulation system cannot meet the requirement of ablation fault detection of the cable in actual operation. Research shows that during the ablation of the buffer layer, gases such as hydrogen and the like are generated. The change rule of the gas content in the actual operation cable is not clear at present. Therefore, the research on the threshold value of the gas content when the cable ablation occurs and the change rule of the gas content in the ablation process has important guiding significance for obtaining a novel and practical actual cable ablation fault detection technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present application is to provide a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus and method, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the change rule of the gas content in the actually operating cable is not clear.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus, including: the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an ablation sample, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially superposed; the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas; and the gas analyzer is used for detecting the components and the content of the gas.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an experimental sealing cavity and an ablation simulation electrode system, wherein the experimental sealing cavity comprises a sealing cover, a sealing cavity shell and a sealing cover sealing assembly, the sealing cover is provided with N line connecting assemblies for connecting the inside and the outside of the experimental sealing cavity, and the sealing cover is provided with a ball valve for collecting gas in the experimental sealing cavity, wherein N is more than 2; the ablation simulation electrode system comprises an electrode supporting assembly, an electrode assembly and a voltage regulating assembly, wherein the electrode supporting assembly comprises an upper electrode insulating supporting plate, a lower electrode insulating supporting plate, an electrode supporting rod, a fixing assembly and an electrode supporting foot, the fixing assembly is used for fixing the upper electrode insulating supporting plate and the electrode supporting rod, the lower end of the electrode supporting rod is fixed on the lower electrode insulating supporting plate, and the upper end of the electrode supporting rod is connected with the upper electrode insulating supporting plate and is fixed through the fixing assembly; the electrode assembly includes: the device comprises N-1 upper electrodes capable of freely moving up and down, a pressure regulating part tray fixed above each upper electrode, a pressure regulating assembly positioned on the pressure regulating part tray, a lower electrode fixed on a lower electrode insulation supporting plate, N-1 upper electrodes freely inserted in the upper electrode insulation supporting plate to meet the requirement of adjustable contact pressure, and the pressure regulating assemblies with different weights are used for regulating the contact pressure between the upper electrodes and an ablation sample.
Further, the device still includes the air duct, and the external orifice of ball valve is connected with the one end of air duct, and gas analysis appearance is connected to the other end of air duct.
Furthermore, the current power supply unit comprises an alternating current source, a protection resistor and N-1 ampere meters, wherein the input end of the alternating current source is electrically connected with a mains supply, the output end of the alternating current source is electrically connected with the first end of the protection resistor, the second end of the protection resistor is electrically connected with the first ends of the N-1 ampere meters, the second ends of the N-1 ampere meters are respectively connected with the N-1 line connecting assemblies, and the rest one line connecting assembly is grounded.
Furthermore, the grounded line connecting components are electrically connected with the lower electrodes, and the rest N line connecting components are correspondingly connected with the N upper electrodes one to one.
Further, the ablation simulation electrode system and the experimental sealed cavity are independent.
Furthermore, the material of the sealing cover is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the material of the sealing cavity shell is organic glass.
According to one aspect of the application, a method for simulating cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristics is provided, the method comprising:
step S1: cleaning and drying of the buffer layer ablation simulation system: placing the sealed cavity shell in a blast drying box for full drying and ventilation; cleaning the surfaces of an upper electrode and a lower electrode in the ablation simulation electrode system, and entering step S2 after drying is finished;
step S2: sample placement and wiring: sequentially placing a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, placing pressure regulating assemblies with different weights on a pressure regulating member tray above the upper electrodes to realize the uneven contact of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, placing an ablation simulation electrode system in a sealed cavity shell, sealing a sealing cover, closing a ball valve, connecting the buffer layer ablation simulation system with a current power supply unit for providing current applied to the cable buffer layer, and entering step S3;
step S3: simulation and gas analysis of ablation failover characteristics: opening a current source to apply a constant current, recording the change condition of each ammeter number after an ablation period, closing the current source, opening a ball valve and a gas analyzer, and collecting and analyzing the gas components and content in the experimental sealed cavity; after the analysis is finished, opening the experimental sealing cavity, taking out the cable buffer layer sample to obtain the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample under each electrode, and measuring each performance index of the cable buffer layer sample; after the measurement is finished, immediately putting the cable buffer layer sample back into the buffer layer ablation simulation system, turning on a current source, applying current with the same magnitude as that of the previous current, and continuing ablation;
step S4: repeating the step S3, repeating ablation in the same ablation period, and observing the change of the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample at the corresponding position under each electrode, the change of the components and the content of the generated gas and the change of the resistivity of each part of the cable buffer layer sample after different ablation experimental periods;
step S5: buffer layer ablation simulation at different ablation current densities: adjusting a current source, applying currents with different sizes to the buffer layer ablation simulation system, repeating the step S2, the step S3 and the step S4, and obtaining the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer sample under different ablation current densities;
step S6: buffer layer ablation simulation for different contact conditions: and adjusting the weight of the voltage adjusting assemblies on different upper electrodes to obtain different contact conditions of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, and repeating the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 to obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different contact conditions.
Further, the method further comprises: the drying temperature in the step S1 is 80-110 ℃, and the drying time is 12-18 h.
Further, the method further comprises: the ablation period is 10 min-6 h.
According to the technical scheme, the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an ablation sample, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially overlapped; the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas; and the gas analyzer is used for detecting the components and the content of the gas. This application passes through buffer layer ablation analog system, current power supply unit, gas analysis appearance, has realized the contact pressure through the different electrodes of control, forms inhomogeneous contact to collect the gas that burns the in-process and produce, research the gas generation law of the ablation of buffer layer under inhomogeneous contact, and then solved among the prior art to the still undefined technical problem of gasification law in the actual operation cable.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an alternative cable buffer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an alternative ablation-simulating external circuit connection according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for simulating cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristics according to an embodiment of the application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a ball valve; 2. a line connection assembly; 3. a seal cap seal assembly; 4. a sealing cover; 5. a sealed chamber housing; 6. a voltage regulating component; 7. an upper electrode insulation support plate; 8. an upper electrode; 9. an electrode support rod; 10. a lower electrode insulating support plate; 11. a lower electrode; 12. an electrode supporting leg; 13. ablating the sample; 14. a fixing assembly; 15. a pressure regulating member tray; 16. an alternating current source; 17. a protection resistor; 18. an ammeter; 19. a buffer layer ablation simulation system; 20. an air duct; 21. a gas analyzer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
Example 1
The embodiment of the present application provides a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus, and it should be noted that the cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus of the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the method for simulating cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic provided in the embodiment of the present application. The cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device provided by the embodiment of the application is described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes:
the buffer layer ablation simulation system 19 comprises an ablation sample 13, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially stacked.
And the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas.
And a gas analyzer 21 for detecting the composition and content of the gas.
In an optional embodiment, the cable buffer layer sample is in an ablation state under the action of current through the current power supply unit, so that gas is generated, and a gas analyzer is adopted to obtain the change rule of the gas under different current conditions, namely the change rule of the gas under different ablation states.
According to the technical scheme, the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an ablation sample, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially overlapped; the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas; and the gas analyzer is used for detecting the components and the content of the gas. This application passes through buffer layer ablation analog system, current power supply unit, gas analysis appearance, has realized the contact pressure through the different electrodes of control, forms inhomogeneous contact to collect the gas that burns the in-process and produce, research the gas generation law of the ablation of buffer layer under inhomogeneous contact, and then solved among the prior art to the still undefined technical problem of gasification law in the actual operation cable.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an experimental sealed cavity and an ablation simulation electrode system, the experimental sealed cavity comprises a sealed cover 4, a sealed cavity shell 5 and a sealed cover sealing assembly 3, the sealed cover 4 is provided with N line connecting assemblies 2 for connecting the inside and the outside of the experimental sealed cavity, the sealed cover 4 is provided with a ball valve 1 for collecting gas in the experimental sealed cavity, wherein N is greater than 2; the ablation simulation electrode system comprises an electrode supporting assembly, an electrode assembly and a voltage regulating assembly, wherein the electrode supporting assembly comprises an upper electrode insulating supporting plate 7, a lower electrode insulating supporting plate 10, an electrode supporting rod 9, a fixing assembly 14 for fixing the upper electrode insulating supporting plate 7 and the electrode supporting rod 9 and an electrode supporting leg 12, the lower end of the electrode supporting rod 9 is fixed on the lower electrode insulating supporting plate 10, and the upper end of the electrode supporting rod 9 is connected with the upper electrode insulating supporting plate 7 and is fixed through the fixing assembly 14; the electrode assembly includes: n-1 upper electrodes 8 capable of freely moving up and down, a pressure regulating part tray 15 fixed above each upper electrode, a pressure regulating assembly 6 positioned on the pressure regulating part tray 15, a lower electrode 11 fixed on a lower electrode insulating support plate 10, and N-1 upper electrodes 8 freely inserted in the upper electrode insulating support plate 7 to meet the requirement that the contact pressure is adjustable, wherein the pressure regulating assemblies 6 have different weights and are used for regulating the contact pressure between the upper electrodes 8 and an ablation sample 13.
As shown in fig. 2, the cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation apparatus capable of simulating the uneven contact state and performing gas analysis, the sealing cover 4 may be a teflon cover, the sealing cavity housing 5 may be a transparent housing, and further, may preferably be an organic glass housing; the upper electrode insulation support plate 7 and the lower electrode insulation support plate 10 have the same shape and size, and can be rectangular. The upper electrode insulation support plate 7 and the lower electrode insulation support plate 10 may be made of epoxy resin, and the electrode support rod 9 may be made of teflon. The upper electrode insulating support plate 7 can be provided with a plurality of holes for arranging the upper electrodes 8, and the lower electrode insulating support plate 10 can be provided with a single hole for leading the lower electrodes 11 out of the terminals. The top end of the upper electrode 8 is fixed with a tray for placing the voltage regulating assembly 6 to change the contact state of the electrode. The top tray of the upper electrode 8 may preferably be made of teflon material, and the shape may preferably be circular.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the device further comprises an air duct 20, an outer port of the ball valve 1 is connected with one end of the air duct 20, and the other end of the air duct 20 is connected with a gas analyzer 21.
Still taking the cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device for simulating the uneven contact state and performing gas analysis as an example, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the line connection assemblies 2 can be 6, and the line connection assemblies and the ball valves 1 are uniformly arranged on the sealing cover 4 in a straight line shape, and of the 6 line connection assemblies 2, 5 are connected with the upper electrode 8, and one is connected with the lower electrode 11; the upper electrodes 8 are uniformly arranged in a straight line in the upper electrode insulation supporting plate 7, and the lower electrodes 11 extend out of the middle of the lower electrode insulation supporting plate 10 from the lower part through screws to form a terminal for connecting external circuits; 5 upper electrode 8 are connected with 5 circuit coupling assembling 2 respectively, and lower electrode 11 is connected with 1 circuit coupling assembling 2.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the current power supply unit includes an ac current source 16, a protection resistor 17 and N-1 ammeters 18, an input end of the ac current source 16 is electrically connected to the utility power, an output end of the ac current source 16 is electrically connected to a first end of the protection resistor 17, a second end of the protection resistor 17 is electrically connected to first ends of the N-1 ammeters 18, second ends of the N-1 ammeters 18 are respectively connected to the N-1 line connection assemblies 2, and the remaining one line connection assembly 2 is grounded.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the grounded line connecting assemblies 2 are electrically connected to the lower electrodes 11, and the remaining N line connecting assemblies 2 are connected to the N upper electrodes 8 in a one-to-one correspondence.
Further, the ablation simulation electrode system and the experimental sealed cavity are independent.
Furthermore, the material of the sealing cover is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the material of the sealing cavity shell is organic glass.
In an alternative embodiment, the cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device capable of performing gas analysis and adjusting the contact state is shown in fig. 2 and 3 and comprises an experimental sealed cavity and an ablation electrode system. The experiment sealing cavity comprises a sealing cavity shell 5, a sealing cover 4, a ball valve 1 for collecting gas, a line connecting assembly 2 for connecting an inner electrode of the experiment cavity with an external power supply, and a sealing cover sealing assembly 3 for sealing the experiment cavity. The sealing cover 4 is a rectangle of 40cm multiplied by 30cm, the thickness is 1cm, and the sealing cover is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The sealed cavity shell 5 is a cuboid with the thickness of 1.5cm and the thickness of 40cm multiplied by 30cm multiplied by 20cm and is made of organic glass. The ball valve 1 has an openable switch, and a guide tube having an aperture of 2mm penetrates the seal cover 4. The line connecting component 2 is a nut embedded in the sealing cover 4 and a screw penetrating through the sealing cover 4, the diameter of the nut is 1.5cm, and the length of the screw is 4 cm. The sealing component 3 of the sealing cover is a screw and a nut, the length of the screw is 2cm, and the diameter of the nut is 1.5 cm. The electrode system comprises an electrode fixing and clamping assembly and an electrode assembly for applying current to the buffer layer, and the whole electrode system is independent of the experimental sealed cavity and can be taken out of the sealed cavity; the fixed clamping assembly comprises a lower electrode insulation supporting plate 10, an electrode supporting leg 12, an upper electrode insulation supporting plate 7 and an electrode supporting rod 9 connected between the upper electrode insulation supporting plate and the lower electrode insulation supporting plate. The upper electrode insulation support plate 7 and the lower electrode insulation support plate 10 are both rectangles of 30cm multiplied by 20cm, the thickness is 1cm, and the materials are epoxy resin. The diameter of the connecting rod is 0.5mm, the length of the connecting rod is 15cm, and the connecting rod is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The electrode can comprise 5 identical upper electrodes 8 and an integral lower electrode 11, wherein the upper electrodes 8 are inserted into an upper electrode insulation supporting plate 10 and can be adjusted up and down, and the lower electrode 11 is fixed on the lower electrode insulation supporting plate 10. The lower electrode 11 is sized to correspond to the lower insulating support plate 10 with a screw extending in the middle for external wiring connections. The diameter of the upper electrode 8 is 5cm, the diameter of the upper electrode rod is 1cm, and the length of the upper electrode rod is 8 cm. The upper electrode 8 and the lower electrode 11 are made of brass. The top of the upper electrode 8 is provided with a pressure regulating member tray 15, and pressure regulating components 6 with different weights can be placed to change the contact condition of the electrode and the sample. The pressure regulating part tray 15 is a circular plate-shaped structure with the diameter of 40mm and the thickness of 10mm and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the upper electrode 8. The pressure regulating assembly 6 is a weight with weight identification, so that the contact pressure applied to the sample by the electrode can be conveniently and rapidly regulated. The outer port of the ball valve 1 is connected with one end of a gas guide tube 20, and the other end of the gas guide tube 20 is connected with a gas analyzer 21.
Example 2
According to an embodiment of the present application, a method of simulating cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristics is provided. It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions and that, although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases, the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method of simulating cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristics according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the method includes the steps of:
step S1: cleaning and drying of the buffer layer ablation simulation system: placing the sealed cavity shell 5 in a blast drying oven for fully drying and ventilating; cleaning the surfaces of the upper electrode 8 and the lower electrode 11 in the ablation simulation electrode system, and entering step S2 after drying;
step S2: sample placement and wiring: sequentially placing a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample between an upper electrode 8 and a lower electrode 11, placing pressure regulating assemblies 6 with different weights on a pressure regulating member tray 15 above each upper electrode 8 to realize uneven contact of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, placing an ablation simulation electrode system in a sealed cavity shell 5, sealing a sealing cover 4, closing a ball valve 1, connecting a buffer layer ablation simulation system 19 with a current power supply unit for providing current applied to a cable buffer layer, and entering step S3;
step S3: simulation and gas analysis of ablation failover characteristics: opening a current source 16 to apply a constant current, recording the change condition of the number indicated by each ammeter 18 after an ablation period, closing the current source 16, opening a ball valve 1 and a gas analyzer 21, and collecting and analyzing the gas components and content in the experimental sealed cavity; after the analysis is finished, opening the experimental sealing cavity, taking out the cable buffer layer sample to obtain the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample under each electrode, and measuring each performance index of the cable buffer layer sample; after the measurement is finished, immediately putting the cable buffer layer sample back into the buffer layer ablation simulation system 19, turning on the current source 16, applying the current with the same magnitude as the previous current, and continuing to ablate;
step S4: repeating the step S3, repeating ablation in the same ablation period, and observing the change of the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample at the corresponding position under each electrode, the change of the components and the content of the generated gas and the change of the resistivity of each part of the cable buffer layer sample after different ablation experimental periods;
step S5: buffer layer ablation simulation at different ablation current densities: adjusting the current source 16, applying currents with different magnitudes to the buffer layer ablation simulation system 19, and repeating the steps S2, S3 and S4 to obtain the ablation characteristics and ablation transfer characteristics of the cable buffer layer samples under different ablation current densities;
step S6: buffer layer ablation simulation for different contact conditions: and adjusting the weight of the voltage adjusting assembly 6 on different upper electrodes 8 to obtain different contact conditions of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, and repeating the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 to obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different contact conditions.
Further, the method further comprises: the drying temperature in the step S1 is 80-110 ℃, and the drying time is 12-18 h.
Further, the method further comprises: the ablation period is 10 min-6 h.
In an optional embodiment, in the embodiment, a 110kV high-voltage cable fluffy cotton-sodium polyacrylate-non-woven fabric structure water-blocking buffer layer is cut to 40cm long to be used as a buffer layer sample; taking an electrical aluminum sheet for the high-voltage cable aluminum sheath, cutting the electrical aluminum sheet into a square of 5cm multiplied by 5cm, and taking the square as an aluminum sheath sample; and taking the insulation shielding layer for the high-voltage cable, cutting the insulation shielding layer to 40cm long, and taking the insulation shielding layer as an insulation shielding layer sample. In this embodiment, a method for simulating ablation fault transfer characteristics of a high-voltage cable buffer layer is provided, and a high-voltage cable buffer layer ablation experiment is performed under a given constant current source current amplitude and different electrode contact pressures by using the apparatus for simulating ablation transfer characteristics of a cable buffer layer, which is capable of performing gas analysis and is adjustable in contact state, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, and includes the following specific steps: 1. cleaning and drying of the ablation simulation system: placing the experimental sealed cavity shell 5 in a blast drying oven, and fully drying and ventilating for 18 hours at 100 ℃; cleaning the surfaces of an upper electrode 8 and a lower electrode 11 in an electrode system, and drying; 2. sample placement and wiring: the cable insulation shielding sample, the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample are sequentially arranged between an upper electrode 8 and a lower electrode 11 in an electrode system, the placing sequence of the samples simulates the structure in a true cable, the samples are sequentially placed from bottom to top according to the insulation shielding sample, the buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, and pressure regulating assemblies 6 with different weights are placed on pressure regulating member trays 15 above different upper electrodes 8 so as to realize uneven contact between the buffer layer and the aluminum sheath. Placing the electrode system in an experimental sealing cavity, sealing a sealing cover 4, closing the ball valve 1, and connecting the buffer layer ablation simulation system 19 with a line unit for providing current applied to the buffer layer; 3. simulation and gas analysis of ablation failover characteristics: the current source 16 was turned on to apply a constant current with a current amplitude of 1A, taking 30min per ablation cycle. After a period of ablation, the change of the number of each ammeter 18 is recorded, the current source 16 is turned off, the ball valve 1 and the gas analyzer 21 are turned on, and the gas components and the content in the experimental sealed cavity are collected and analyzed. And after the analysis is finished, opening the experimental sealing cavity, taking out the buffer layer sample, observing the ablation degree of the buffer layer sample under each electrode, and measuring the quality of the buffer layer sample. After the measurement is finished, the sample is immediately put back to the buffer layer ablation simulation system 19, the current source 16 is switched on, the current with the same magnitude as that before is applied, and ablation is continued; 4. repeating the step 3, repeating ablation under the same ablation period, and observing different ablation experimental periods after repeating 6 periods, wherein the ablation degree of the buffer zone sample at the corresponding position under each electrode, the composition and the content of the generated gas and the resistivity of each part of the buffer zone sample are changed, so that the ablation transfer characteristic of the buffer layer under uneven contact can be obtained; 5. buffer layer ablation simulation at different ablation current densities: adjusting a current source 16, applying currents with different sizes to the ablation simulation system, repeating the steps 2, 3 and 4, and obtaining the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different ablation current densities; 6. buffer layer ablation simulation for different contact conditions: and (3) adjusting the weight of the voltage adjusting assembly 6 on different upper electrodes 8 to obtain different contact conditions of the buffer layer and the aluminum sheath, and repeating the steps 2, 3, 4 and 5 to obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different contact conditions. To sum up, the simulation cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic's that this application provided method, exert different pressures to different electrodes through the pressure regulating subassembly, the inhomogeneous contact condition of wrinkle aluminium sheath and buffer layer in the simulation actual cable, and through experiment peripheral line, apply the simulation of constant current to buffer layer ablation analog system and ablate, utilize the sealed chamber to collect the gas that the ablation in-process produced simultaneously, leading-in gas analysis appearance carries out the analysis, obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of cable buffer layer under the inhomogeneous contact, condition threshold value when obtaining the ablation and taking place, provide research basis and technical support for obtaining the development of practical high tension cable buffer layer ablation fault detection technique.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) according to the technical scheme, the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises an ablation sample, wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially overlapped; the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas; and the gas analyzer is used for detecting the components and the content of the gas. This application passes through buffer layer ablation analog system, current power supply unit, gas analysis appearance, has realized the contact pressure through the different electrodes of control, forms inhomogeneous contact to collect the gas that burns the in-process and produce, research the gas generation law of the ablation of buffer layer under inhomogeneous contact, and then solved among the prior art to the still undefined technical problem of gasification law in the actual operation cable.
2) By applying the technical scheme of the application, the steps S1 are executed in sequence: cleaning and drying of the buffer layer ablation simulation system: placing the sealed cavity shell in a blast drying box for full drying and ventilation; cleaning the surfaces of an upper electrode and a lower electrode in the ablation simulation electrode system, and entering step S2 after drying is finished; step S2: sample placement and wiring: sequentially placing a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, placing pressure regulating assemblies with different weights on a pressure regulating member tray above the upper electrodes to realize the uneven contact of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, placing an ablation simulation electrode system in a sealed cavity shell, sealing a sealing cover, closing a ball valve, connecting the buffer layer ablation simulation system with a current power supply unit for providing current applied to the cable buffer layer, and entering step S3; step S3: simulation and gas analysis of ablation failover characteristics: opening a current source to apply a constant current, recording the change condition of each ammeter number after an ablation period, closing the current source, opening a ball valve and a gas analyzer, and collecting and analyzing the gas components and content in the experimental sealed cavity; after the analysis is finished, opening the experimental sealing cavity, taking out the cable buffer layer sample to obtain the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample under each electrode, and measuring each performance index of the cable buffer layer sample; after the measurement is finished, immediately putting the cable buffer layer sample back into the buffer layer ablation simulation system, turning on a current source, applying current with the same magnitude as that of the previous current, and continuing ablation; step S4: repeating the step S3, repeating ablation in the same ablation period, and observing the change of the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample at the corresponding position under each electrode, the change of the components and the content of the generated gas and the change of the resistivity of each part of the cable buffer layer sample after different ablation experimental periods; step S5: buffer layer ablation simulation at different ablation current densities: adjusting a current source, applying currents with different sizes to the buffer layer ablation simulation system, repeating the step S2, the step S3 and the step S4, and obtaining the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer sample under different ablation current densities; step S6: buffer layer ablation simulation for different contact conditions: and adjusting the weight of the voltage adjusting assemblies on different upper electrodes to obtain different contact conditions of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, and repeating the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 to obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different contact conditions. The utility model provides a clean and the drying of buffer layer ablation analog system carries out earlier, afterwards carry out the sample and arrange and the line connection, the simulation and the gas analysis of ablation fault transfer characteristic again, carry out the buffer layer ablation simulation under the different ablation current density, carry out the buffer layer ablation simulation under the different contact condition at last, the contact pressure through controlling different electrodes has been realized, form inhomogeneous contact, and collect the gas that the ablation in-process produced, the gaseous law that generates of ablation of buffer layer under the inhomogeneous contact of research, and then solved among the prior art to the actually technical problem that the gasification law is still indefinite in the operation cable.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device is characterized by comprising:
the buffer layer ablation simulation system (19) comprises an ablation sample (13), wherein the ablation sample comprises a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample which are sequentially stacked;
the current power supply unit is used for supplying power to the ablation sample so as to enable the cable buffer layer sample to be in an ablation state and further generate gas;
a gas analyzer (21) for detecting the composition and content of the gas.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the buffer layer ablation simulation system comprises a laboratory sealed chamber and an ablation simulation electrode system,
the experimental sealing cavity comprises a sealing cover (4), a sealing cavity shell (5) and a sealing cover sealing assembly (3), the sealing cover (4) is provided with N line connecting assemblies (2) for connecting the inside and the outside of the experimental sealing cavity, the sealing cover (4) is provided with a ball valve (1) for collecting gas in the experimental sealing cavity, wherein N is more than 2;
the ablation simulation electrode system comprises an electrode supporting assembly, an electrode assembly and a pressure regulating assembly,
the electrode supporting assembly comprises an upper electrode insulating supporting plate (7), a lower electrode insulating supporting plate (10), an electrode supporting rod (9), a fixing assembly (14) for fixing the upper electrode insulating supporting plate (7) and the electrode supporting rod (9) and an electrode supporting leg (12), the lower end of the electrode supporting rod (9) is fixed on the lower electrode insulating supporting plate (10), and the upper end of the electrode supporting rod is connected with the upper electrode insulating supporting plate (7) and is fixed through the fixing assembly (14);
the electrode assembly includes: n-1 upper electrodes (8) capable of freely moving up and down, pressure regulating part trays (15) fixed above the upper electrodes and pressure regulating components (6) positioned on the pressure regulating part trays (15), one lower electrode (11) fixed on a lower electrode insulation supporting plate (10), and N-1 upper electrodes (8) are freely inserted into the upper electrode insulation supporting plate (7) to meet the requirement that the contact pressure is adjustable, wherein the pressure regulating components (6) have different weights and are used for regulating the contact pressure between the upper electrodes (8) and an ablation sample (13).
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the device further comprises a gas guide tube (20), the outer port of the ball valve (1) is connected with one end of the gas guide tube (20), and the other end of the gas guide tube (20) is connected with the gas analyzer (21).
4. The device according to claim 2, wherein the current supply unit comprises an alternating current source (16), a protection resistor (17) and N-1 current meters (18), wherein an input end of the alternating current source (16) is electrically connected with a mains supply, an output end of the alternating current source (16) is electrically connected with a first end of the protection resistor (17), a second end of the protection resistor (17) is electrically connected with a first end of the N-1 current meters (18), second ends of the N-1 current meters (18) are respectively connected with the N-1 line connection assemblies (2), and the rest of the line connection assemblies (2) are grounded.
5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the grounded line connection assembly (2) is electrically connected with the lower electrode (11), and the remaining N line connection assemblies (2) are connected with N upper electrodes (8) in a one-to-one correspondence.
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the ablation simulating electrode system and the experimental capsule are independent of each other.
7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the sealing cover (4) is teflon and the material of the sealing chamber housing is plexiglass.
8. A method for simulating the ablation transfer characteristics of a cable buffer layer, wherein the device of claim 5 is used for simulation, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: cleaning and drying of the buffer layer ablation simulation system: the sealed cavity shell (5) is placed in a blast drying box for full drying and ventilation; cleaning the surfaces of an upper electrode (8) and a lower electrode (11) in the ablation simulation electrode system, and entering step S2 after drying is finished;
step S2: sample placement and wiring: sequentially placing a cable insulation shielding sample, a cable buffer layer sample and an aluminum sheath sample between the upper electrode (8) and the lower electrode (11), placing pressure regulating assemblies (6) with different weights on a pressure regulating member tray (15) above each upper electrode (8) to realize uneven contact of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, placing an ablation simulation electrode system in the sealed cavity shell (5), sealing a sealed cover (4), closing the ball valve (1), connecting the buffer layer ablation simulation system (19) with a current power supply unit for providing current applied to the cable buffer layer, and entering step S3;
step S3: simulation and gas analysis of ablation failover characteristics: opening a current source (16) to apply a constant current, recording the change condition of the readings of each ammeter (18) after an ablation period, closing the current source (16), opening a ball valve (1) and a gas analyzer (21) first, and collecting and analyzing the gas components and content in the experimental sealed cavity; after the analysis is finished, opening the experimental sealed cavity, taking out the cable buffer layer sample to obtain the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample under each electrode, and measuring each performance index of the cable buffer layer sample; immediately putting the cable buffer layer sample back into a buffer layer ablation simulation system (19) after the measurement is finished, turning on the current source (16), applying the current with the same magnitude as that before, and continuing the ablation;
step S4: repeating the step S3, repeating ablation under the same ablation period, and observing the change of the ablation degree of the cable buffer layer sample at the corresponding position under each electrode, the change of the components and the content of the generated gas and the change of the resistivity of each part of the cable buffer layer sample after different ablation experimental periods;
step S5: buffer layer ablation simulation at different ablation current densities: adjusting the current source (16), applying currents with different magnitudes to a buffer layer ablation simulation system (19), and repeating the steps S2, S3 and S4 to obtain the ablation characteristics and ablation transfer characteristics of the cable buffer layer samples under different ablation current densities;
step S6: buffer layer ablation simulation for different contact conditions: and adjusting the weight of the voltage adjusting assembly (6) on the upper electrode (8) to obtain different contact conditions of the cable buffer layer sample and the aluminum sheath sample, and repeating the steps S2, S3, S4 and S5 to obtain the ablation characteristic and the ablation transfer characteristic of the cable buffer layer under different contact conditions.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the drying temperature in step S1 is 80-110 ℃, and the drying time is 12-18 h.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the ablation period is 10min to 6 hours.
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